05第五章 人力资源管理的环境

第五章 人力资源管理的环境
Chp5 The Environment of Human Resource Management
人力资源管理环境的分类
人力资源管理的环境，主要是指能够对人力 资源管理活动产生影响 的各种因素。 Interior
environment Exterior environment Exterior environment HRM system
Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 雇佣年龄歧视法案
ADEA made it unlawful to discriminate against employees or applicants for employment who are between 40 and 65 years of age.
Interior environment
人力资源管理环境的辨认
根据环境的复杂性和环境的稳定性形成一个 四象限的交叉图
Cell 1 HRM根据以往的经验和管理做出确定 的决策——低度不确定环境 Cell 3 HRM关键是确认出到底是哪些因素在 起影响作用——中低不确定环境 Cell2 需要对影响HRM的因素的变化做出预 测——中高不确定环境 Cell4 不仅需要对影响因素进行确认，还要对 它们的变化做出预测——高度不确定环境
70.25%
16－24岁 25-54岁 55岁以上
66.6%
Asina,and other nonHispanic White, nonHispanic
1990年和2010年的美国劳动力年龄构成
2006美国劳动力的种族民族构成
Law Equal Employment Opportunity 1964th Disabilities Act 美国残疾人法案
It prohibits employment discrimination against qualified disabled individual.
Culture
Competitors
人力资源管理的内部环境
Environmental Status
Critical Environmental Threats
Life Cycle of Organization
Organizational Structure
Structure creates a stable pattern of task relationships that affect the way people behave.
Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 职业恢复 法案
VRA requires employers with federal contracts over $2,500 to take affirmative action in employing handicapped persons.
Equal Employment Opportunity 1991---present The Civil Right Act of 1991 民权法案 民权法案1991
The effect was to make it even more important for employers and their managers to adhere to both the letter and spirit of EEO law.
Vietnam Era Veteran’s Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974 越战退伍军人退役重新就业援助法案 It requires that employers with government contracts of $10,000 or more take affirmative action to employ and advance disable veterans and qualified veterans of the Vietnam era. Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 怀孕歧视法案 It prohibits using pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions to discriminate in hiring, promotion, suspension, or discharge, or any term or condition of employment.
人力资源管理的外部环境
Political factors Economics factors（eg. Diversity in the Work Force ）
Black, nonHispanic Hispanic
11.9 % 17.9% 16.9% 16.5%
16－24岁 25-54岁 55岁以上
Organizational Culture
Values and norms cause people to behave in predictable ways, and these behaviors are resistant to change.
Title VII the 1964 Civil Rights Act 《民权法》（1964 民权法》 年）第7章 章 Title VII states that an employer cannot discriminate based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin Equal Pay Act of 1963 公平薪资法案 公平薪资法案1963 EPA1963 made it unlawful to discriminate in pay on the basis of sex when jobs involve equal work; require equivalent skills, effort, and responsibility; and are performed under similar working conditions.
Strategy Three basic types of strategy :
―stability strategy(稳 strategy(
定性战略) ―growth strategy(增长 战略) ―retrenchment strategy( 紧缩战略)
SWOT分析
Valuable Strengths
Corporate Growth Strategies Corporate Stability Strategies
Firm Status
Corporate Stability Strategies
Corporate Retrenchment Strategies
Critical Weaknesses Abundant Environmental Opportunities