1非谓语动词 时态语态

合集下载

非谓语动词的时态和语态

非谓语动词的时态和语态

非谓语动词的时态和语态非谓语动词是指在句中不充当谓语成分,通常以动词原形或动词的其他非限定形式呈现的动词。

非谓语动词的时态和语态主要根据上下文确定,本文将详细介绍非谓语动词的时态和语态的使用。

一、非谓语动词的时态1. 不定式:不定式作为非谓语动词形式,不受时态的限制,通常表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

例如:- To understand English well, one must practice every day.(为了能够很好地理解英语,人们必须每天练习。

)- I forgot to buy milk on the way home.(我从没想到,在回家的路上忘了买牛奶。

)2. 现在分词:现在分词作为非谓语动词形式,通常表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或一般性的动作。

例如:- Walking along the street, I noticed a small cafe.(在街上走的时候,我注意到了一家小咖啡馆。

)- The teacher was talking to the students, explaining the new lesson.(老师正在和学生们谈话,解释新的课程。

)3. 过去分词:过去分词作为非谓语动词形式,通常表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成的动作。

例如:- Having finished his homework, the boy went out to play.(孩子做完作业后,出去玩了。

)- The injured man was taken to the hospital, accompanied by his family.(受伤的人被他的家人陪同着送到了医院。

)二、非谓语动词的语态非谓语动词的语态主要包括主动语态和被动语态,具体如下:1. 不定式的语态:不定式的语态通常与主句的语态保持一致。

例如:- She wants to be promoted.(她想要升职。

谓语动词、动词时态、语态与非谓语动词

谓语动词、动词时态、语态与非谓语动词

一、谓语动词谓语动词是用来表示动作或状态的,在句子中充当谓语的中心语,它是句子不可缺少的部分,用来说明主语是什么或者做什么。

英语中的谓语动词有不同的形式,从这些形式可以看出句子的时态、语态和语气。

英语谓语动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。

1. 一般现在时第三人称单数2.动词过去式、过去分词1) 规则动词过去式、过去分词注意:“重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母”形象地说,就是单词词尾三个字母依次分别是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”。

2)不规则动词过去式、过去分词不规则动词的过去式、过去分词的构成可以分为AAA 型、ABA型、ABB型、ABC型五种形式。

(1)AAA型:即原形、过去式和过去分词都相同。

broadcast(广播)--- broadcast / broadcasted --- broadcast/ broadcasted ,burst(爆发,突然发作)---burst---burst, cast(撒,扔,抛)--- cast --- cast ,cost(花费)---cost---cost, cut(剪,切,割)---cut---cut,hit(打,撞击)---hit---hit, hurt(伤害,受伤)---hurt---hurt,let(让)---let---let, put(放,摆)---put---put,read(读,朗读)---read---read , set(安置,释放)---set---set,shut(关闭,合拢)---shut---shut, split(切开,撕开)---split---split,spread(展开,延伸)---spread---spread注意:read---read---read发音分别是[ri:d]---[red]---[red],其余动词三式读音相同。

(2)ABA型:即动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。

动词时态语态、非谓语动词

动词时态语态、非谓语动词

⑤用现在进行时时表将来的词语:come go arrive leave begin start eg. I’m leaving for Beijing next month. ⑥用现在时表将来:火车时刻、飞机时刻、 电影开演、作息安排上 Eg. We are supposed to hurry up. The first class begins at 8 o’clock. ⑦be to+动词原形 Eg. I am to leave.
一般过去式: 一般过去式的动词形式: 使用动词的过去式,一般加ed Pack-Packed 以辅音加y结尾的动词变y为i加ed Carry-Carried但play—played 双写再加ed的 Plan-Planned 以e结尾的直接加d Like-Liked
一般将来时:
一般将来时的用法: ①将来发生的动作状态 Eg. He will go to school tomorrow. ②用will表示事物的固有属性和必然趋势 Eg. Fish will die without water. ③用be going to 表示计划、打算以及推测 Eg. We are going to read this book. It is going to rain tomorrow. ④be about to 表示立刻要发生的 Eg. The train is about to start.
6. How long ______you_______ (live) in this town? 7. You _______ (come) here last year, ______ you? 8. ----When ______ you______ (see) him? ----I______ (see) him last Sunday.

时态、语态、非谓语动词

时态、语态、非谓语动词

用法
分词在句子中可以作定语、状 语等成分,表示正在进行的动 作或状态,或者被动关系。
例子
The running man is my brother. (作定语)
THANKS
感谢观看
时态、语态、非谓 语动词
目录
• 时态 • 语态 • 非谓语动词
01
CATALOGUE
时态
现在时态
现在进行时
现在完成进行时
表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
表示过去某个时刻开始的动作一直持 续到现在,并且有可能继续下去。
现在完成时
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影 响或结果。
过去时态
01
02
03
过去进行时
用。
形式
动名词由动词原形+“ing” 构成。
用法
动名词在句子中可以作主语、 宾语、表语等成分,表示一个
动作或状态。
例子
Reading books is my favorite hobby. (作主语)
分词
定义
分词是动词的一种形式,表示 动作或状态,分为现在分词和
过去分词。
形式
现在分词由动词原形+“ing” 构成,过去分词由动词原形 +“ed”或“en”构成。
的限制。
形式
不定式由“to”+动词 原形构成,有时可以省
略“to”。
用法
不定式在句子中可以作 主语、宾语、定语、状 语等成分,表示未来的
动作或状态。
例子
To learn English is important. (作主语)
动名词
01
02
03
04
定义
动名词是动词的一种形式,表 示一个动作或状态作为名词使

(完整版)高考英语非谓语动词知识点

(完整版)高考英语非谓语动词知识点

非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的概念非谓语形式有三种: 1.动词不定式:to do表示目的和将来2、动词的ing(动名词) : doing表示主动和进行 3.动词的过去分词:done表示被动和完成二、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have been doneing 形式主动doing having done被动being done having been done过去分词被动done三、非谓语动词的做题步骤:1、判定是否用非谓语形式。

方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。

2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。

方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。

3、判断主被动关系。

方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。

4、判断时间关系。

方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。

之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。

一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语:1). 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。

动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。

如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk2). 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth. There is no point(in)doing sth2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较:1)、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。

(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解

(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解

非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。

当句中已经有了谓语动词了,要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。

非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词:done二、三种形式的含义(基本用法)不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。

三、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have beendoneing 形式主动doing having done 被动being done having beendone过去分词被动done四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构:for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构:宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时,用的所有格+doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。

方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。

方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。

3、判断主被动关系。

方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。

4、判断时间关系。

方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。

之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时,建议把三种形式一起来比较学习,会更加有效一些。

七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。

动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。

如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为,用动名词作主语,选 Bb. 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s usel ess doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。

谓语动词、非谓语动词vs时态、语态

谓语动词、非谓语动词vs时态、语态

谓语动词、非谓语动词 vs时态、语态四级语法讲义一:时态:所谓的"时态",就是时间+状态。

谓语动词的时态见下表:过去现在将来过去将来一般 did do will/shall do should/woulddo 进行 was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing / 完成had done have/has done will/shall have should/woulddone have done用于虚拟语气完成进行 had been doing have/has been / /doing1(主动形式过去现在将来过去将来一般 was/were given am/is/are givenwill/shall be given should/wouldbe given 进行 was/were being am/is/are being / /given given完成 had been given have/has been will/shall have should/wouldgiven been given have beengiven 完成进行 / / / 2(被动形式, CET-4 常考的三种时态:过去完成时;将来完成时;(现在/过去)完成进行时。

, 时间状语从句当中的时态:一般过去时所有的过去用一般现在时表示现在和将来现在完成时现在完成和将来完成一(非谓语动词一(不定式:一)不定式的常考形式:1) 一般形式:He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能: 表示与谓语动词同步发生2) 完成形式:He pretended not to have seen me.被动形式:The book is said to have been translated into many languages.语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前二)不定式常考的考点:1)不定式做定语----将要发生2)不定式做状语----目的3)不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel+ do 表示动作的完整性,真实性;+ doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。

非谓语动词 语法讲解

非谓语动词 语法讲解

1.This cup is broken. (作表语 2.This is a broken cup. (作表语) 作表语) 3.I found the cup broken.(作宾语补足语) 作宾语补足语) 4.Broken by Tom, the cup can’t be used. (作状语) 作状语) ★过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.
1.To see you is glad. 作主语) (作主语) =It’s glad to see you. (作宾语) 作宾语) 作宾语 2.I want to see you. 3.I want him to see you. 作宾补) (作宾补) (作表语) 作表语) 4.My hope is to see you. 作表语 5.He is the man to see you. 作定语) (作定语) 6.I’m glad to see you. 作原因状语) (作原因状语) 作目的状语) (作目的状语) 7.I went to see you. 8.He went so early as to see you (作结果状语) 作结果状语)
(3)下列动词接不定式与接 下列动词接不定式与接~ing形式意义相近: 形式意义相近: 下列动词接不定式与接 形式意义相近
like,love, hate, dislike, begin, start, prefer, , , continue, intend,attempt等. , 等 e.g:I prefer making (to make) an outline before I do my oral
I prefer to stay at home today.(具体某次行为) today. 具体某次行为) He prefers walking to cycling.(惯常行为) cycling. 惯常行为) *一般说来不能用于进行时的动词如:realize, 一般说来不能用于进行时的动词如:realize, know,understand,see,lose等,多用不定式 know,understand,see,lose等,多用不定式 如:I 如:I began to realize I had been wrong. We hate to lose the chance . Now we are beginning to see it more clearly.
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

• Make, let, have, see, hear, watch, notice, feel等动词后作宾语补足语不定式要省略to • 练习 • 1. The father was delighted to hear the child __ that. • A. to say B. to have said C. say D. said • 2.More and more trucks are seen___ between these two towns these days. • A. run B. to run C. be running D. being run
• 3.过去分词作定语 • (3) Thousands of products__ from crude oil are now in daily use. • A. to make B. be made C. making D. made • 4.过去分词做状语 • (1)原因状语 • Exhausted by the journey, we soon fell asleep. • Born in a poor family, Edison had to work when he was a child. • (2)条件状语 • United, we stand; divided, we fall. • Compared with you, we still have a long way to go .
三、过去分词
• 1.分词作宾语补足语 • (1) I’m still unable to make myself__ in the discussion, which worries me a lot. • A. to be understood B. understanding • C. understood D. understand • 2.连词+过去分词结构 • (2) If __in the fridge, the fruit can remain fresh for more than a week . • A. keeping B. be kept • C. kept D. to keep
二、动名词
• (1)接动名词作宾语的词 • Admit, appreciate, avoid, can’t help, can’t stand, consider , delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, favor, finish, forgive, imagine, mind, miss, practice, quit, recall, resist, risk, suggest • (2)动名词作主语 • It is useless/good/nice/fun/a waste of time+动名词词组 • It is no use waiting here. • It is a waste of time arguing with him. • (3)在want, need, deserve, require等动词后表“需要干什么” 时,后接动名词表被动含义 • The problem requires studying with great care.
• 如果主从句的主语不一致,从句或第二个并列句中的 位于动词是被动结构,可以省略连词,构成“名词词 组(主语)+其他”结构,即独立主格结构。 • All our saving gone, we started looking for jobs. • With the first point agreed on, they turned their discussion to next one.
• 辨析 1. forget to do 2. stop to do 3. remember to do remember doing 4. regret to do regret doing 5. try to do 6. go on doing
forget doing stop doing
try doing go on doing
• 一般现在时 • 1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种 状况。 • 2.时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every
week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, • 3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改 为第三人称单数形式) • 4.否定形式: • am/is/are + not;
六、时态
• 英语时态的构成 • 时间:过去、现在、将来 • 状态:一般、进行、完成
• 英语中的十六种时态:
• 一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,一般过去将来时; • 现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去将来进行时; • 现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,过去将来完成时;
• 现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时,过去将来 完成进行时
本节练习
• 1. Are you going to fix the car yourself, or are you going to have it__? • A. fixing B. to fix C. fix D. fixed • 2. The May Day Holiday__ over, we must now get down to work. • A. be B. being C. to have been D. to be • 3.At the international conference, the famous scientist gave an excellent report__ on his recent experiment. • A. basing B. based C. to be based D. to base • 4.The professor, __ as a splendid speaker, was warmly received by the students. • A. known B. to be known C. knowing • D. having known
• 5. Jane always enjoys__ to popular music. • A. listening B. being listening C. to be listening D. to listen 6. Price is not the only thing customers consider before__ what to buy. A. deciding B. decided C. to decide D. having decided
非谓语动词
• 不定式 to do • 动名词 doing • 分词 • 现在分词 Ving • 过去分词 Ved
一、不定式
• 1. It is …for sb. to do sth • 2.要求接不定式做宾语的词: • Wish, hope, continue, manage, offer, promise, pretend, intend, attempt, decide, desire, agree, choose, determine, undertake, expect, afford, fail
• • • • • •
(5)条件状语 Working hard, you will succeed. (6)让步状语 Working so hard, he failed again. Although living miles away, he attended the course. 3.独立主格结构 ___, we went swimming in the river. • A. The day being very hot B. It was a very hot day • C. The day was very hot D. Being a very hot day
• 3.不定式的被动式、完成式和进行式 • He was very sorry ___ her at the airport. • A. not to meet B. to not meet • C. to have not met D. not to have met • 4.省略to 的不定式 • She tried hard, but she still couldn’t make us____ (change) our mind.
• (2)时间状语 • __that Bob had got promoted, his friends came to congratulate him. • A. Heard B. Having heard C. Hear D. To hear • While__ in London, the young engineer picked up some English. • A. staying B. stay C. stayed D. to stay • (3)伴随状语 • Entering the garden, they found the flowers very beautiful. • He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. • (4)结果状语 • He fired, killing one of the passers-by.
• 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don‘t, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn’t,同时还原行为 动词。 • 5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为 动词。
• It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words.
相关文档
最新文档