定语从句
（完整版）定语从句详解+例句
Attributive Clause定语从句一、定义定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。
换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
1关系代词：在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分2关系副词：在定语从句中担任状语成分关系词3个功能：1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）；2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）；3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语的是： who, that, which, as宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as定语的是： whose, which先行词是人时，关系代词是：who, whom, that, as先行词是物时，关系代词是：which, that, whose, as关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。
先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由which引导。
唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(完整版)定语从句归纳
定语从句（the attributive clause ）一．什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。
二．定语从句的结构及种类1. 结构：关系词 +主语+谓语+其它2. 种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三．关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词： who ，whom, whose, that ,which, as2.关系副词： when ，where ，why四．关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。
五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。
六．关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who 。
The boy who is standingover there is Tom.He who doesn ’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选w h o m.This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.3.whose①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose. This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.4.that①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a machine that can walk.②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that 可以省略。
I like the present (that) my father sent me.③当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoThe boy that/who is playing football on the play ground is my brother.5.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which ，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that6.下列情况下，关系词只能选用that①当先行词为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything 时Is there anything that I can do for you?②当先行词为不定代词all 时Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well.③ 当先行词被 all, some, any 修饰时These are all the things that I have done today.④当先行词被the only, the very 修饰时This is the only computer that he often turns to for help.⑤ 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时This is the cleaning room that you can see here.⑥time 作先行词，前面有序数词或last 修饰时This is the last time that I ’ll give y oupocket m o n e y.⑦ 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。
定语从句详解(很全)
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as。
关系副词有：when,where,why,how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。
当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一、定语从句的翻译许多英语初学者往往弄不明白为什么引导定语从句的关系词which不能译为“哪一个”，who不能译为“谁”，when不能译为“什么时候”，where不能译为“什么地方”，等等。
首先，我们必须要明白一点，那就是引导定语从句的which,who,when,where,why等是关系词（关系代词或关系副词），而不是疑问词，所以不能按疑问词的意思来理解。
前面我们讲到，英语中的定语从句总是后置的，即要放在被修饰名词或代词之后；但在汉语中，定语通常是前置的，也就是说定语要放在被修饰名词的前面，并通常表现为“……的”这样的形式。
当我们翻译英语中定语从句的时候，一般可以按汉语习惯，将定语从句翻译在被修饰的名词或代词之前，而其中的关系词一般就是译成汉语中的“……的”。
如：He showed me the article that he had written.他把他写的文章拿给我看。
句中的that he had written为修饰名词the article的定语从句，翻译时就可译为“他写的文章”，其中的关系代词that在此译成了“的”字。
She was not in the train which arrived just now.她不在刚到的那列火车上。
定语从句的用法
定语从句的用法一、定语从句1、定义定语从句（Attributive Clause）是一个附加于名词或代词之上的句子，它用来形容前面的名词或代词。
它的作用是限定或说明某个名词或代词所指的人或事物，是一种非常重要的句子结构。
2、关系词在定语从句中，关系词（Relative Pronoun）的作用是连接主句和定语从句，并将定语从句中的成分与主句中的某个成分联系起来。
一般而言，我们常用关系代词who, whom, whose, which和that来引出定语从句。
关系代词who 指人whom 指人whose 指人或物which 指物that 指人、物或事3、定语从句的构成（1）定语从句通常由关系代词在定语从句中引出关系，并在从句中担任某一成份的角色；（2）定语从句的谓语动词也可由一些连接词（link verb）连接，如be, feel, look, seem, smell, taste, remain，常用于定语从句中；（3）定语从句中如果省略结构，就不能用who/whom来引导定语从句；（4）定语从句中由关系副词引导而不是关系代词。
4、定语从句的用法（1）定语从句可以用来限定、修饰某个名词或代词，例如：The movie《Titanic》, which was released in1997, is still popular today.（《泰坦尼克号》，1997年上映，至今仍颇受欢迎。
）（2）定语从句可以用来替代某个句子中的某个成分，如：My sister, who lives in Beijing, is a doctor.（我在北京居住的姐姐是一位医生。
）（3）定语从句可以用来表示地点，例如：She lives in a small village where there are few people.（她住在一个人很少的小村庄里。
）（4）定语从句可以用来表示时间，例如：He was born in 1992 when the economy began to boom.（他出生在1992年，那时经济开始繁荣。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
(完整版)定语从句讲解
1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二 关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾 语、状语等）。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ，who ，whom ，whose ，which;关系副词有 when ，where ，why 等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。
who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。
在现代英语里，有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。
作 宾语的关系代词who ，whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。
She was the one who did most of the talking 。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
（作宾语，whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom 前面时，不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。
定语从句_语法知识归纳
定语从句语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。
但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。
（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。
与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词有：who, whom, which, that和whose, 另外，as也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有：when, where和why。
在定语从句中充当状语。
一．关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
如下表：例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）①Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that)I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
英语定语从句
定语从句先行词指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词。
一般出现在定语从句的前面关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
作宾语时可省略。
I have an apple which is red. This is the place that(which) we visited last time.I have an apple that is green. He is still the boy that he was ten years ago.主句为完整的句子时大多用关系副词，WHEN WHERE WHY主句不完整时用关系代词代指人的有 who whom that代指物的有 which that 表…………的时用 whose1、who, which, that限定性定语从句中的关系代词可理解为必要从句。
The first English book that I read was "The Prince and the Pauper" by Mark Twain. 我读的第一本书是马克·吐温写的《王子与贫儿》。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时;He talked about the teachers and school that he visited. 他在讲他以前访问过的学校和老师。
(5)当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that;Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 那个站在门口的人是谁?(6)关系代词在从句中作表语时;He is not the man that he used to be. 他以前不是这样的人。
注:which在定语从句中指物，可作主语、及物动词或介词的宾语，作宾语时可省略;that在定语从句中既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。
英语语法大全定语从句
英语语法大全定语从句18. 定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
（which / that在句中作宾语）The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to e unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
定语从句(完整版)
定语从句(完整版)定语从句是用关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，它的作用是修饰主句中的名词性成分，相当于形容词。
关系词包括关系代词和关系副词，常用的关系代词有that、which、who、whom、whose、as等，而关系副词则有where、when、why等。
关系词有三个作用，即引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
需要注意的是，关系代词有主语和宾语之分，其中whom通常作为宾语。
定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，它可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语来担任，甚至可以由一个句子来担任。
在汉语中，我们通常用“……的”表示定语。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语；而短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
限定性定语从句有两种形式，一种是由关系代词引导的，另一种是由关系副词引导的。
关系代词that既可代表事物也可代表人，which则只能代表事物。
在从句中，that和which可以作主语或宾语，而that在从句中作宾语时常常可以省略关系词。
如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前面，但有些例外。
需要注意的是，代表物时多用which，但在带有特定词语的句子中，如anything、everything、nothing、none等不定代词时，或者是由every、any、all、some、no、little、few、much等修饰时，应该使用that而不是which。
此外，当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词就是序数词或最高级时，或者先行词中既有人又有物时，也应该使用that，而不是which。
4.Who and whom are used to introduce clauses that modify people。
serving as the subject and object of the clause respectively。
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定语从句定语从句通常放在它所修饰的名词，代词之后，这种名词，代词就叫做先行词，而引导定语从句的关联词就叫做关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有6个，它们是：who,whom,whose,that,which,as.关系副词有3个，它们是：when,where,why用关系代词还是关系副词取决于先行词在从句中的作用。
如果先行词在从句中作主语或宾语或表语，用关系代词；如果先行词在从句中作状语，就用关系副词。
如果确定了用关系代词，那么如何确定具体使用哪个关系代词呢？1.who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或表语。
The girl who plays the piano very well is his daughter.He is no longer the man who he used to be.2.whom先行词是人，在从句中作宾语。
This is the student whom professor praised at the meeting.Who is the teacher whom we have talked about?The gentleman whom she encountered addressed her politely.3.that先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语，表语，宾语。
The man that is speaking is a famous scientist.She is no longer the girl that she was in her childhood.The train that has just left is for Shanghai.Is this the photo that you took last summer?4.which先行词是物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.The computer which I wanted to buy was sold out.5.whose先行词是人或物，在从句中作某个名词的定语。
She is looking after the little child whose parents have gone to London.The boys whose names were called stood up.I’d like a room whose windows looks out over the sea.关系副词when=at,on,in,during which先行词是时间，在从句中作时间状语I shall never forget the day when(on which) we moved into our new house.July and August are the months when(in which) the weather is cold.where=in,at,on which先行词是地点，在从句中作地点状语。
This is the place where(at which) Jack parks his car.He went to the city where he was brought up.why=for which先行词是原因（reason），在从句中作原因状语He didn’t know the reason why(for which)he was dismissed.*在从句中作宾语的关系代词都可省略This is the teacher we have talked about.*关系代词that,who前面不加介词；须要加介词时，that要改为which,who要改为whom.*关系代词前的介词选择取决于它与先行词和从句中谓语动词的搭配。
The person____whom the message came did not say his name.This is the book____which you asked.*在下面几种情况下，必须用关系代词that引导定语从句。
1．先行词是everything，nothing，anything，all,few,little,much,none,oneDon’t believe everything that he tells you.A good book is one that brings you both countless enjoyment and knowledge.2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰，或本身是序数词，基数词，形容词最高级3.先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some 修饰时。
4。
先行词被the only,the very,the last修饰时。
5．先行词中有人又有物时。
He was watching the children and parcels that filled the car.6.当主句是由who,which开头的疑问句时。
Which of the books that you bought was written by Bacon?*those作定语从句中的先行词。
Those who were present were all famous people.Where are those I bought in the market?定语从句的种类有两种：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
它们的区别在于：（1）限制性定语从句只能修饰先行词，而非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词也可以修饰形容词，甚至整个句子（2）引导限制性定语从句的关系词有时省略，而引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不省略。
That,why不能用于非限制性定语从句（3）介词在非限制性定语从句中不能后置。
Mr Smith,from whom I learned a lot,is a famous scientist.关系代词who,whom,和关系副词when,where,why在非限制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句的用法类似；但which在非限制性定语从句中的用法和在限制性定语从句中的用法有相同，也有区别。
1．指代名词（和限制性定语从句用法一样）These apple trees, which I planted 3 years ago, have not born any fruit.2.指代形容词（不一样）She is always careless, which we should not be.3.指代主句中的某个从句（不一样）He said that he never seen her before,which was not true.4.指代整个主句（不一样）In the presence of so many people he was a little tense, which was understandable.as引导的定语从句as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，宾语，表语或状语，构成the same…as…, such….as, so….as等结构。
Here are such questions as are often asked by the college students.This is the same computer as I have bought.I have never seen such kind of girl as she is.I’ll do the experiment the same way as he does.I came the same day as he left.Chris studies in the same colleges as I do.David didn’t believe such reason as she did soHere is so easy a question as everybody can answer.*so…that, such…that 也可以表示结果，那怎么区分和so….as, such….as 的区别呢？很简单。
从句中缺成分时用so…as 或such…as;不缺成分时用so…that或such…that.They are such beautiful pictures as drew many people’s attention.They are such beautiful pictures that they drew many people’s attention.As a teacher, I seldom give students so difficult a problem___they can’t work out.as 引导非限制性定语从句as引出非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明。
它的位置比较灵活，可以在句首，句中，也可以在句末，通常由逗号将其与主句隔开。
As is known to the United States,Mark Twain was a great American writer.Twain, as you know, is an inseperable part of China.The earth is round, as we all know.名词或代词+of+which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句There are 30 chairs in the small room. most of which are new.Light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300,000 kilometers per second.The factory has over 8,ooo workers and staff,eighty percent of whom are women.。