2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题及答案(新课标全国卷)
2012年高考语文试题及答案(新课标全国卷)
2012年高考语文试题及答案(新课标全国卷)本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，满分为150分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文本试题卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第11卷(表达题)两部分。
考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上答题无效。
考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读((9分，每小题3分)阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。
“黑箱，是控制论中的概念，意为在认识上主体对其内部情况全然不知的对象.“科技黑箱”的含义与此有所不同，它是一种特殊的存贮知识、运行知识的设施或过程，使用者如同面对黑箱，不必打开，也不必理解和掌握其中的知识，只需按规则操作即可得到预期的结果.例如电脑、手机、摄像机、芯片，以及药品等，可以说，几乎技术的全部中间和最终成果都是科技黑箱.在科技黑箱的生产过程中，科学知识是通泌出，价值观和伦理道德则对科学知识进行选择。
除此以外，科技黑箱中还整合了大童人文的、社会的知识，并且或多或少渗透了企业文化和理念。
这样，在电脑或手机中就集成了物理学、计葬机科学、管理学、经济学、美学，以及对市场的调研和政府的相关政策等知识.科技黑箱是特殊的传播与共享知识的媒体，具有三大特点。
首先，它使得每一个使用者-不仅牛顿，都能直接“站在巨人的肩上”继续前进.试想，如果要全世界的电脑使用者都透彻掌握电脑的工作原理，掌握芯片上的电子理论，那需要多少时间?知识正是通过科技黑箱这一途径而达到最大限度的共享。
2012年全国高考试题(新课标)含答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文本试题卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第11卷(表达题)两部分。
考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上答题无效。
考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读((9分，每小题3分)阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。
“黑箱，是控制论中的概念，意为在认识上主体对其内部情况全然不知的对象.“科技黑箱”的含义与此有所不同，它是一种特殊的存贮知识、运行知识的设施或过程，使用者如同面对黑箱，不必打开，也不必理解和掌握其中的知识，只需按规则操作即可得到预期的结果.例如电脑、手机、摄像机、芯片，以及药品等，可以说，几乎技术的全部中间和最终成果都是科技黑箱.在科技黑箱的生产过程中，科学知识是通泌出，价值观和伦理道德则对科学知识进行选择。
除此以外，科技黑箱中还整合了大童人文的、社会的知识，并且或多或少渗透了企业文化和理念。
这样，在电脑或手机中就集成了物理学、计葬机科学、管理学、经济学、美学，以及对市场的调研和政府的相关政策等知识.科技黑箱是特殊的传播与共享知识的媒体，具有三大特点。
首先，它使得每一个使用者—不仅牛顿，都能直接“站在巨人的肩上”继续前进.试想，如果要全世界的电脑使用者都透彻掌握电脑的工作原理，掌握芯片上的电子理论，那需要多少时间?知识正是通过科技黑箱这一途径而达到最大限度的共享。
如今，计葬机天才、黑客的年龄越来越小，神童不断出现，他们未必理解计算机的制作过程就能编写软件、破译密码。
每一代新科技黑箱的出现，就为相对“无知识”的年轻一代的崛起与赶超提供了机会。
其次.处在相付低端的科技黑箱往往与语境和主体无关，而处于高端的科技黑箱则需满足特定主体在特定场合乃至心理的需要。
人们很少能对一把锤子做什么改进，而使用一个月后的电脑则已经深深地打上了个人的印记，这就锐明，在认识变得简单易行之时，实践变得复杂和重要.最后，当科技为我们打开一扇又一扇门的时候，我们能拒绝它的诱惑不进去吗?而一旦进去，我们的行为能不受制于房间和走道的形状吗?表面上是使用者在支配科技黑箱，然而科技黑箱却正在使用者“不知情”的情况下，对使用者施加潜移双化的影响，也就是说使用者被生产方对象化了。
2011---2015高考英语真题短文改错及答案
高考短文改错12011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷) Iwasplayingatmycousinhouse.Sincehisfamilywasrichthanmine,hehadmoretoysthanIdid.Th erewasoneonparticularI’dalwayswanted.Iputintomypocketwhenhewasn’tlooking.Iguessed,e venatthatage,Iwouldneverbeabletoenjoytoplayingwiththetoyorfacedmycousinagain;Iwouldal waysknowI’teon,myauntdrovemehome.Whenshedroppedmeoff,Ipulledou tthetoyslowandgaveitback.Sheknowswhathadhappened,butshethankedmeandevermentioneditaga in.第一节（10分，每小题1分）1.cousin–cousin’s2.rich–richer3.on---in4.put---putit/that5.enjoyto---enjoy6.faced---facete---Later8.slow---slowly9.knows---knew10.ever---never高考短文改错22011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(辽宁卷) InearlyJanuarythisyear,therateofUFOreportswassteady,aroundthreeperweek.When,however,onMonday,January16,asciencefictionfilmaboutvisitorsfromouters pacewasshownontelevision,therewastheimmediateincreaseinreportsofsightingsfromallpart softheStates.Thecommandingofficer,WayneTyler,whodirectlyresponsibleforthestudyallsuc hreports,decidedtomakinghisfindingsknown.Theywroteanarticle,whichsaidthatallUFOrepor tscouldbeexplainedforquitenaturallybyaircraftmovements.Followthisexplanation,therewa sarapiddropinthenumberofreportedsightings,becausetherateremaindedabovethepreviouslev el.注：文章红色部分为需要修改的地方！第1个考查主谓一致，were—was;第2个考查名词单复数weeks--week第3个考查介词从外面来，介词应该用from.第4个考查冠词the--a第5个考查非限制性定语从句注意beresponsiblefor表示对什么负责。
2012年全国高考英语试卷、答案(全国2卷)word版
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（英语全国卷2)第一节语音知识(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)⒈theater A．treasure B．wheat C．season D．realize⒉persuade A．usual B．insist C．sugar D．treasure⒊company A．alone B．carrot C．money D．knock⒋opposite A．service B．outside C．pioneer D．police⒌society A．official B．recent C．chocolate D．difficult第二节语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)⒍– What shall we do tonight then?– ___ – whatever you want.A．Help yourself B．It's a deal C．No problem D．It's up to you⒎He missed ___ gold in the high jump, but will get ___ second chance in the long jump.A．the; the B．不填; a C．the; a D．a; 不填⒏That evening, ___ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A．that B．which C．what D．when⒐Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.A．herself B．this C．that D．it⒑Tony lent me the money, ___ that I'd do as much for him.A．hoping B．to hope C．hoped D．having hoped⒒I had hardly got to the office ___ my wife phone me to go back home at once.A．when B．than C．until D．after⒓We ___ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.A．set about B．set up C．set out D．set down⒔Next to biology, I like physics ___ .A．better B．best C．the better D．very well⒕– Did you ask Sophia for help?– I ___ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own.A．wouldn't B．don't C．didn't D．won't⒖The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ___ anything that happened to be on.A．to watch B．watching C．watched D．to have watched⒗100℃is the temperature ___ which water will boil.A．for B．at C．on D．of⒘I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money.A．can B．might C．would D．need⒙The manager ___ the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m.A．has told B．is telling C．has been telling D．will have told⒚The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ___ in this city.A．quality B．progress C．production D．demand⒛– Try not to work yourself too hard．Take it easy.– Thanks．___A．So what? B．No way. C．What for? D．You, too第三节完形填空(每小题1．5分)Around twenty years ago I was living in York．21 I had a lot of experience and a Master's degree, I could not find 22 work.I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat．I had 25 five interviews (面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26 the job．“Why has my life become so 27 ?” I thought painfully.As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earning 29 I should keep it 30 somebody claimed (认领) it．The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”.At first I got angry．Then it 31 me – I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my33 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy with．Later,I decided to 35 more things to the list．That night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a larger 37 ．She asked me if I would 38 a one-day lecture on stress (压力) management to 200 medical workers．I said yes.My 39 there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job．To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of 40 that I completely changed my life.21．A．As B．Though C．If D．When22．A．Successful B．extra C．satisfying D．convenient23．A．driving B．repairing C．Taking D．designing24．A．working B．travelling C．Discussing D．living25．A．prepared for B．attended C．asked for D．held26．A．Lose B．like C．Find D．get27．A．Hard B．busy C．serious D．short28．A．wave at B．drop off C．call on D．look for29．A．ordering B．Promising C．saying D．showing30．A．in case B．or else C．as if D．now that31．A．Hurt B．hit C．caught D．moved32．A．feelings B．Attention C．strength D．interests33．A．opinions B．Education C．experiences D．life34．A．list B．book C．check D．copy35．A．Connect B．turn C．keep D．add36．A．her B．a passenger C．me D．my friend37．A．Hospital B．factory C．restaurant D．hotel38．A．listen to B．review C．give D．talk about39．A．plan B．choice C．day D．tour40．A．operation B．Speaking C．employment D．thinking第二部分阅读理解(满分45分)(A)Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people．Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are．Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors．This can put their pets in danger of serious illness．There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad．If you have to take them out, stay outside with them．When you're cold enough to go inside, they probably are too．I you must leave themoutside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter．They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere．Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality．Keep an eye on your pet's water．Sometimes owners don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can't get anything to drink．Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.41．What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?A．They are often forgotten by their owners.B．They are used to living outdoors.C．They build their won shelter.D．They like to stay in warm places.42．Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?A．To know when to bring them inside.B．To keep them from eating bad food.C．To help them find shelters.D．To keep them company.43．If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may ___.A．run short of clean water B．dig deep holes for funC．dirty the snow nearby D．get lost in the wild 44．What is the purpose of this text?A．To solve a problem. B．To give practical advice.C．To tell an interesting story. D．To present a research result.(B)You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it．You do not need to be strong．But you need to be quick．And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead o r behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat．The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.Let's start with the wind blowing from the behind．This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction．Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat．It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat．Then it will catch the wind best.If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat．In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat．It should be at a 45° angle to the boat．It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn't flap (摆动)．It shouldn't look like on a flagpole．If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.Sailing into the wind is not possible．If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop．You may want to go in that direction．It is possible, but you can't go in a straight line．You must go first in one direction and then in another．This is called tacking．When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.45．What should you consider first while sailing?A．Sailors' strength. B．Wave levels.C．Wind directions. D．Size of sails.46．What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?A．The boat. B．The wind. C．The sail. D．The angle.47．What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?A．Move in a straight line. B．Allow the sail to flap.C．Lower the sail. D．Tack the boat.48．Where can you probably find the text?A．In a popular magazine. B．In a tourist guidebook.C．In a physics textbook. D．In an official report.(C)Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships．For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure．Yet it also has other uses．A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child．A smile may show love or politeness．It can also hide true feelings．It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures．For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper．Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities)．Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough．In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings．Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should n ot attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture．The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions．Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted．For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do．When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States．People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others．The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different．If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.49．What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?A．Love. B．Politeness. C．Joy. D．Thankfulness.50．The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ .A．show friendliness to strangers B．be used to hide true feelingsC．be used in the wrong places D．show personal habits51．What should we do before attempting to “read” people?A．Learn about their relations with others.B．Understand their cultural backgrounds.C．Find out about their past experience.D．Figure out what they will do next.52．What would be the best title for the test?A．Cultural Differences B．Smiles and RelationshipC．Facial Expressiveness D．Habits and Emotions (D)ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia – One of the world's most famous fossils (化石) – the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 – will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice．The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom．A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S．tour, which will start in Houston next September.“Ethiopia's rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago．Officials said six other U.S．cities may be on the tour．But they said plans had not been worked out.Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part ofthe skeleton of what was once a 312 -foot-tall ape-man (猿人).53．The author writes this text mainly to ___ .A．introduce a few U.S．museumsB．describe some research workC．discuss the value of an ape-manD．report a coming event54．What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．A painting of the skeleton. B．A photograph of LucyC．A copy of the skeleton. D．A written record of Lucy.55．How many cities has Lucy's U.S．tour plan already included?A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Eleven.56．What was the skeleton named after?A．An ape-man. B．A song. C．A singer. D．A camp.(E)Make Up Your Mind to SucceedKind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure．The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyone's winter.” And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before．As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.”Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years．Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it．Here's how they work:A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic –you're a born artist, point guard, or numbers person．The fixed mind-set believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame．When things get difficult, it's quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible．Because the ego (自尊) isn't on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame．When faced with a difficulty, it's quick to rethink, change and try again．In fact, it enjoys this experience.We are all born with growth mind-sets．(Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise．Dweck's book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth．But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.57．What does the author think about the present generation?A．They don't do well at school. B．They are often misunderstood.C．They are eager to win in sports. D．They are given too much praise.58．A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ .A．doesn't want to work hardB．cares a lot about personal safetyC．cannot share his ideas with othersD．can succeed with the help of teachers59．What does the growth mind-set believe?A．Admitting failure is shameful.B．Talent comes with one's birth.C．Scores should be highly valued.D．Getting over difficulties is enjoyable.60．What should parents do for their children based on Dweck's study?A．Encourage them to learn from failures.B．Prevent them from making mistakes.C．Guide them in doing little things.D．Help them grow with praise.第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2012年高考语文试题及答案(新课标全国卷)
2012年高考语文试题及答案(新课标全国卷)本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，满分为150分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文本试题卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第11卷(表达题)两部分。
考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上答题无效。
考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读((9分，每小题3分)阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。
“黑箱，是控制论中的概念，意为在认识上主体对其内部情况全然不知的对象.“科技黑箱”的含义与此有所不同，它是一种特殊的存贮知识、运行知识的设施或过程，使用者如同面对黑箱，不必打开，也不必理解和掌握其中的知识，只需按规则操作即可得到预期的结果.例如电脑、手机、摄像机、芯片，以及药品等，可以说，几乎技术的全部中间和最终成果都是科技黑箱.在科技黑箱的生产过程中，科学知识是通泌出，价值观和伦理道德则对科学知识进行选择。
除此以外，科技黑箱中还整合了大童人文的、社会的知识，并且或多或少渗透了企业文化和理念。
这样，在电脑或手机中就集成了物理学、计葬机科学、管理学、经济学、美学，以及对市场的调研和政府的相关政策等知识.科技黑箱是特殊的传播与共享知识的媒体，具有三大特点。
首先，它使得每一个使用者-不仅牛顿，都能直接“站在巨人的肩上”继续前进.试想，如果要全世界的电脑使用者都透彻掌握电脑的工作原理，掌握芯片上的电子理论，那需要多少时间?知识正是通过科技黑箱这一途径而达到最大限度的共享。
2012年全国高考理综试题及答案-新课标
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试第I 卷二、选择题。
本题共8小题，每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，有的只有一项符合题目要求，有的有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。
14.伽利略根据小球在斜面上运动的实验和理想实验，提出了惯性的概念，从而奠定了牛顿力学的基础。
早期物理学家关于惯性有下列说法，其中正确的是 A.物体抵抗运动状态变化的性质是惯性 B.没有力作用，物体只能处于静止状态C.行星在圆周轨道上保持匀速率运动的性质是惯性D.运动物体如果没有受到力的作用，将继续以同一速度沿同一直线运动 答案：AD15.如图，x 轴在水平地面内，y 轴沿竖直方向。
图中画出了从y 轴上沿x 轴正向抛出的三个小球a 、b 和c 的运动轨迹，其中b 和c 是从同一点抛出的，不计空气阻力，则 A.a 的飞行时间比b 的长 B.b 和c 的飞行时间相同 C.a 的水平速度比b 的小D.b 的初速度比c 的大 答案：BD16.如图，一小球放置在木板与竖直墙面之间。
设墙面对球的压力大小为N 1，球对木板的压力大小为N 2。
以木板与墙连接点所形成的水平直线为轴，将木板从图示位置开始缓慢地转到水平位置。
不计摩擦，在此过程中 A.N 1始终减小，N 2始终增大 B.N 1始终减小，N 2始终减小 C.N 1先增大后减小，N 2始终减小 D.N 1先增大后减小，N 2先减小后增大答案：B17.自耦变压器铁芯上只绕有一个线圈，原、副线圈都只取该线圈的某部分，一升压式自耦调压变压器的电路如图所示，其副线圈匝数可调。
已知变压器线圈总匝数为1900匝；原线圈为1100匝，接在有效值为220V 的交流电源上。
当变压器输出电压调至最大时，负载R 上的功率为2.0kW 。
设此时原线圈中电流有效值为I 1，负载两端电压的有效值为U 2，且变压器是理想的，则U 2和I 1分别约为 A.380V 和5.3A B.380V 和9.1A C.240V 和5.3A D.240V 和9.1A 答案：B18.如图，平行板电容器的两个极板与水平地面成一角度，两极板与一直流电源相连。
2012年高考新课标全国卷语文试题(附答案及详细解析)(1)(1)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标卷）语文答案解析河南省实验中学崔矿山一、现代文阅读1.C解析：偷换概念，“价值观和伦理道德对科学知识进行了修正”错，原文是“价值观……进行了选择”，“修正”应为“选择”。
2.B解析：强加因果，前后两句话无因果关系，且“根本原因”文中无此信息。
3.D解析：无中生有，“其直接后果就是科技这把双刃剑的哪一刃都变得更加锋利”错，“直接后果”纯属主观臆测。
二、古代诗文阅读（36分）（一）文言文阅读（19分）4.D解析：阙：空缺，缺额。
5.C解析：①表现的是何灌的正直，而不是“恪尽职守”；⑤说的是萧燧的节俭；⑥说的是萧燧关心百姓的仁爱之心。
6.A解析：“与其亲党”错。
原文是“其亲党”，即秦桧的亲党，而非秦桧及其亲党。
7. (1).（5分）如今有德才和无德才的人混杂一道，风俗浇薄虚浮，兵力未强，财力未富，应当卧薪尝胆以求国内安定太平。
解析：关键词“杂糅”“浇浮”“治”各1分，大意2分。
(2).萧燧说：“东部西部不属同路，按说不该给粮食，但哪忍心对原管辖地区不闻不问呢？”解析：关键词“异路”“安”“旧治”各1分，大意2分。
（二）古代诗歌阅读（11分）8.这首词表达了对远方行人的深切思念。
首句起兴，以红叶黄花染绘出深秋的特殊色调，渲染离别的悲凉气氛，增添对远方行人绵绵不尽的思念情怀。
9.关系是：“就砚旋研墨”暗指以临窗滴下的泪水研墨，和泪作书。
原因是：红笺被泪水浸湿。
由于情到深处，词中主人公在作书时不停流泪，泪水落到纸上，红笺因而褪去了颜色。
解析：本题考查鉴赏古典诗歌的能力。
第8题侧重考查作品的思想感情和表现手法，第9题侧重考查对诗歌深层内涵的挖掘赏析。
首句因感秋而怀远，借景抒情，点出主题。
接着写鸿雁随着天际的浮云飞尽，闺中人遥望渺渺长空，盼望归鸿带来游子的音信，但令她失望——“无信”。
下片写悲感流泪，泪弹不尽，临窗而下，有砚承泪，遂以研墨作书。
笺色之红因泪而淡直至褪尽，用夸张的修辞，极写痴情之深。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷) [理科数学](新课标)含答案
含答案](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/add38dcf58f5f61fb7366644.png)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷) [理科数学]（新课标）含答案一．选择题：本大题共12小题：每小题5分。
1.已知集合{1,2,3,4,5}A =,{(,),,}B x y x A y A x y A =∈∈-∈；,则B 中所含元素的个数为（ ）()A 3 ()B 6 ()C 8 ()D 102.将2名教师：4名学生分成2个小组：分别安排到甲、乙两地参加社会实践活动：每个小组由1名教师和2名学生组成：不同的安排方案共有（ ）()A 12种 ()B 10种 ()C 9种 ()D 8种3.下面是关于复数21z i=-+的四个命题：其中的真命题为（ ）1:2p z = 22:2p z i = 3:p z 的共轭复数为1i + 4:p z 的虚部为1-()A 23,p p ()B 12,p p ()C ,p p 24 ()D ,p p 344.设12F F 是椭圆2222:1(0)x y E a b ab+=>>的左、右焦点：P 为直线32a x =上一点：∆21F P F 是底角为30 的等腰三角形：则E的离心率为（ ）()A 12()B23()C 34()D 455.已知{}n a 为等比数列：472a a +=：568a a =-： 则110a a +=（ ）()A 7 ()B 5 ()C -5 ()D -76.如果执行右边的程序框图：输入正整数(2)N N ≥和实数12,,...,n a a a ：输出,A B ：则（ ）()A A B +为12,,...,n a a a 的和()B2A B +为12,,...,n a a a 的算术平均数()C A 和B 分别是12,,...,n a a a 中最大的数和最小的数 ()D A 和B 分别是12,,...,n a a a 中最小的数和最大的数7.如图：网格纸上小正方形的边长为1：粗线画出的是某几何体的三视图：则此几何体的体积为（ ）()A 6 ()B 9 ()C 12 ()D 188.等轴双曲线C 的中心在原点：焦点在x 轴上：C 与抛物线x y 162=的准线交于,A B 两点：AB =C 的实轴长为（ ）()A ()B()C 4 ()D 89.已知0ω>：函数()sin()4f x x πω=+在(,)2ππ上单调递减。
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2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试题卷分第I卷(选择题）和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上答题无效。
考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B. ￡9.15C. ￡9.18答案是B。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a bookstore.B. In a classroomC. In a library.2. At what time will the film begin?A. 7:20.B. 7:15.C. 7:00.3. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A.Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. bne went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6. 7题。
6.Whose CD is broken?A. Kathy's.B. Mum's.C. Jack's.7.What does the boy promise to do for the girl?A. Buy her a new CD.B. Do some cleaning.C. Give her 10 dollars.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What did the man think of the meal?A. Just so-soB. Quite satisfactory.C. A bit disappointing.9. What was the 15% on the bill paid for?A. The food.B. The drinks. D. The service.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why is the man at the shop?A. To order a camera for his wifeB. To have a camera repairedC. To get a camerachanged.11. What colour does the man want?A. Pink.B. Black.C. Orange12. What will the man do afterwards?A. Make a phone call.B. Wait until further notice.C. Come again the next day.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. What would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday?A. Go to a play.B. Stay at home.C. Visit Kingston.14. What is Ariel going to do in Toronto?A. Attend a party.B. Meet her aunt.C. See a car show.15. Why is Ariel in a hurry to leave?A. To call up Betty.B. To buy some DVDs.C. To pick up Daniel.16. What might be the relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates.B. Fellow workers.C. Guide and tourist.听第10段材料，回答第17至39题。
17. Where does Thomas Manning work?A. In the Guinness Company.B. At a radio station.C. In a museum.18. Where did the idea of a book of records come from?A. A bird-shooting trip.B. A visit to Europe.C. A television talk show.19. When did Sir Hugh's first book of records appear?A. In 1875.B. In 1950.C. In 1955.20. What are the two speakers going to talk about next?A. More records of unusual facts.B. The founder of the company.C. The oldest personin the world.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项琪空(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)从A. B. C. D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选硕，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例: It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B.21 .- Which one of these do you want?-_______Either will do.A. I don't mindB. I'm sureC. No problemD. Go ahead22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.不填; aB. a; theC. the;不填D. the; a23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every stepA. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. which G that D. what25. I don't believe we've met before, I must say you do look familiar.A. thereforeB. althoughC. sinceD. unless26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so muchA. the bestB. bestC. betterD. the better27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can almost everyword her teacher says.A. put outB. put downC. put awayD. put together28. The party will be held in the garden, weatherA. permittingB. to permitC. permittedD. permit29. This restaurant wasn't that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good asB. as half good as C as good as half D. good as half as30. I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the traincomesby my house. -A. couldn'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wantsto,because they have work to do.A. eitherB. anyC. neither D none32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when such art forms as musicandpainting.A. having compared toB. comparing toC. compare toD. compared to33.1 had been working on math for the whole aftensoon and the numbers beforemyeyes.A. swimB. swumC. swamD. had swum34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past youA. soB.or C and D. but35. If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will her.A persuade B. promise C. invite D. support第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。