Ship pollution situation and preventing measures 船舶污染现状及防治措施
船舶防污染
9
Absolute Right of Guarantor
• The guarantor shall in any event have the right to require the shipowner to be joined in the proceedings.
10
Limitation on Guarantor’s Liability
4
•
the court or other competent authority of any Contracting State shall order the release of any ship or other property belonging to the owner which has been arrested in respect of a claim for pollution damage arising out of that incident, and shall similarly release any bail or other security furnished to avoid such arrest. However, the foregoing protections shall only apply if the claimant has access to the Court administering the limitation fund and the limitation fund is actually available in respect of his claim.
3
Limitation Fund and Protections to Shipowners
国际防止船舶造成污染公约英文
《1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约》(英文>FINAL ACT OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE POLLUTION,1973Whole document1. By its Resolution A. 176 (VI> of October 21, 1969, the Assembly ofthe Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization decided toconvene in 1973 an International Conference on Marine Pollution. ThisConference was held in London from October 8 to November 2, 1973.2. The following States were represented by delegations at theConference:ArgentinaAustralia KenyaBahrain Khmer RepublicBelgium KuwaitBrazil LiberiaBulgaria Libyan Arab RepublicByelorussian Soviet Socialist MadagascarRepublic MexicoCanada MonacoChile MoroccoCuba NetherlandsCyprus New ZealandDenmark NigeriaDominican Republic NorwayEcuador PanamaEgypt PeruFinland PhilippinesFrance PolandGerman Democratic Republic PortugalGermany, Federal Republic of Republic of KoreaGhana RomaniaGreece Saudi ArabiaHaiti SingaporeHungary South AfricaIceland SpainIndia Sri LankaIndonesia SwedenIran SwitzerlandIraq ThailandIreland Trinidadand TobagoItaly TunisiaIvory Coast Ukrainian Soviet SocialistJapan RepublicJordan Union of Soviet SocialistRepublics United Republic of TanzaniaUnited Arab Emirates United States of AmericaUnited Kingdom of Great Britain Uruguayand Northern Ireland Venezuela3. The following States were represented at the Conference by observers:Colombia Republic of Viet-NamJamaica TurkeyMalawi YugoslaviaOmanThe Government of Hong Kong was also represented by an observer.4. At the invitation of the Assembly the following organizations inthe United Nations system sent representatives to the Conference:United NationsUnited Nations Environment ProgrammeFood and Agriculture OrganizationUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationInternational Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentInternational Atomic Energy Agency5. The following inter-governmental organizations sent observers tothe Conference: European Economic CommunityInternational Institute for the Unification of Private Law6. The following non-governmental organizations also sent observers tothe Conference:International Chamber of ShippingInternational Organization for StandardizationInternational Electrotechnical CommissionInternational Union of Marine InsuranceInternational Association of Ports and HarborsThe Baltic and International Maritime ConferenceInternational Association of Classification SocietiesInternational Law AssociationEuropean Council of Chemical Manufacturers' FederationOil Companies International Marine ForumInternational Shipowners' AssociationFriends of the Earth International7. At the opening of the Conference The Hon. Michael Heseltine,Minister of Aerospace and Shipping of the United Kingdom and Mr. Maurice Strong Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme madestatements supporting the objective of the Conference.8. The Conference elected Mr. S. V. Bhave, Head of the Indian delegation, as President of the Conference.9. Twenty-four Vice-Presidents of the Conference were elected, as follows:First Vice-President: Mr. G. Lindencrona (Sweden>Mr. R. M Gowland (Argentina>H. E. Mr. M. Raffaelli (Brazil>The Hon. Jack Davis (Canada>Dr. M. Oporto (Cuba>Mr. M. A. El-Sammak (Egypt>Mr. J. P. Cabouat (France>Dr. H. Rentner (German Democratic Republic>Dr. G. Breuer (Germany, Federal Republic of>H. E. Mr. H. V. H. Sekyi (Ghana>Mr. M. Sjadzali (Indonesia>Mr. H. Afshar (Iran>Mr. K. G. Loukou (Ivory Coast>H. E. Mr. S. Sugihara (Japan>Mr. A. G. Toukan (Jordan>Mr. E. Dinga (Kenya>Mr. N. A. Al-Nakib (Kuwait>Mr. M. Ramarozaka (Madagascar>Dr. Vizcaino Murray (Mexico>Captain D. W. Boyes (New Zealand>Mr. S. Perkowicz (Poland>H. E. Mr. G. Nhigula (United Republic of Tanzania>Mr. V. Tikhonov (USSR>Mr. J. N Archer (United Kingdom>10. Mr. Colin Goad. Secretary-General of the Organization, acted as Secretary-General of the Conference with Mr. J. Queguiner. Deputy Secretary-General, as Deputy Secretary-General of the Conference. Captain A. Saveliev, Secretary of the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization, was appointed Executive Secretary of the Conference and Mr. Y. Sasamura. Head of Marine Science and Technology Division, and Mr. T. Mensah, Head of Legal Division, of the Organization were appointed Deputy Executive Secretaries of the Conference.11. The Conference established the following Committees and a Steering Committee composed of officers of the Conference:Committee IChairman: H. E. Dr. P. V. J. Solomon (Trinidad andTobago>Vice-Chairman: Mr. G. Lindencrona (Sweden>Committee IIChairman: Dr. L. Spinelli (Italy>Vice-Chairman: Dr. W. Al-Nimer (Bahrain>Committee IIIChairman: Mr. R. J. Lakey (United States ofAmerica>Vice-Chairman: Mr. Koh Eng Tian (Singapore>Committee IVChairman: H. E. Prof. A. Yankov (Bulgaria>Vice-Chairman: The Hon. G. F. B. Cooper (Liberia>Credentials CommitteeChairman: Mr. P. A. Araque (Philippines>Drafting CommitteeChairman: Mr. G. A. E. Longe (Nigeria>Vice-Chairman: H. E. Mr. J. D. del Campo (Uruguay>12. The following documentation formed the basis of the work of theConference:-Draft Text of an International Convention for the Prevention ofPollution from Ships, 1973-Draft Protocol Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Casesof Marine Pollution by Substances other than Oil-Draft Resolutions relating to the prevention and control ofmarine pollution-Proposals and comments, including amendments to the draftsmentioned above, submitted to the Conference by interested Governments andOrganizations.13. As a result of its deliberations, recorded in the summary recordsand reports of the Conference, the following instruments were adopted bythe Conference:INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS, 1973 with its Protocols, Annexes and Appendices。
减少海洋污染建议英语作文
减少海洋污染建议英语作文As our oceans continue to face increasing levels of pollution, it is imperative that we take action to reduce this issue. 随着我们的海洋面临着越来越严重的污染问题，我们迫切需要采取行动来减少这一问题。
One of the main sources of ocean pollution is plastic waste, which can have devastating effects on marine life. 海洋污染的主要来源之一是塑料垃圾，这可能对海洋生物产生毁灭性影响。
To combat this issue, individuals can make small changes in their daily habits such as reducing the use of single-use plastics and properly disposing of waste. 为了解决这个问题，个人可以在日常生活习惯中做出一些改变，比如减少使用一次性塑料制品，妥善处理废物。
Additionally, governments and industries play a critical role in implementing policies and practices to reduce ocean pollution. 此外，政府和工业在实施政策和做法来减少海洋污染方面起着至关重要的作用。
Efforts should be made to invest in research and technology to develop more sustainable alternatives to harmful products. 应该努力投资于研究和技术开发，以找到更具可持续性的替代方案来取代有害产品。
轮机英语问答题答案及翻译
轮机英语问答题答案及翻译1. how long have you worked on board?I have worked on board for 10 years.1。
你多长时间在船上工作的？我在船上工作了10年。
2. which certificate do you have now?I have the second engineer’s certificate.2。
该证书你有吗？我有个工程师的证书3. what is your marital status?how many departments are there on board?I am married. There are there departments on board.3。
什么是您的婚姻状况？有多少部门在船上呢？我结婚了。
在船上有三个部门。
4. how many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are there people in my family. Yes,I am married.4。
有多少人在你的家庭吗？你结婚了吗？那里有我的家人的人。
是的，我结婚了5. how many countries have you ever been to?I have been to seven countries.5。
有多少个国家，你有没有去过？我到过7个国家。
6. when did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?I began to work on board in 2000.i have worked on bulk sarriers.6。
你什么时候开始在船上工作的？什么样的船你工作呢？我开始在船上工作2000.i对散装sarriers工作。
7. how many importment canals are there all over the world?Three . the pamama ,suez and kiel.7。
轮机英语问答题答案及翻译
19 what should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder.
Every operating must be complied with the precaution measures regulated in the SMS.
18％。
第二章
1 please introduce one type of the main engine
The main engine is large bore two-stroke crosshead type with turbo charging system.
1，请介绍一下其中一个主要发动机类型
4。有多少人在你的家庭吗？你结婚了吗？
那里有我的家人的人。是的，我结婚了
5. how many countries have you ever been to?
I have been to seven countries.
5。有多少个国家，你有没有去过？
我到过7个国家。
6. when did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?
Safety.
8。你能告诉我什么是海员最重要的。？
安全。
9. what kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?
Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and A.C generator.
航海英语考试内容总结
航海英语考试内容总结航海英语考试内容总结ISM规则属于SOLAS公约的chapterIX"InternationalSafetyManagement(ISM)Code"ISM宗旨ThepurposeofthisCodeistoprovideaninternationalstandardforthesafemanageme ntandoperationofshipsandforpollutionprevention."Company"meanstheowneroftheshiporanyotherorganizationorpersonsuchast hemanager,orthebareboatcharterer,whohasassumedtheresponsibilityforoperat ionoftheshipfromtheshipownerandwho,onassumingsuchresponsibility,hasagree dtotakeoveralldutiesandresponsibilityimposedbytheCode.船长Master`sresponsibilityandauthority.1implementingthesafetyandenvironmental-protectionpolicyoftheCompany;.2motivatingthecrewintheobservationofthatpolicy;.3issuingappropriate ordersandinstructionsinaclearandsimplemanner;.4verifyingthatspecifiedrequirementsareobserved;5reviewingthesafetym anagementsystemandreportingitsdeficienciestotheshore-basedmanagement.themasterhastheoverridingauthorityandtheresponsibilitytomakedecision swithrespecttosafety1properlyqualifiedforcommand;.2fullyconversantwiththeCompany"ssafetymanagementsystem;andpollutionpreventionandtorequesttheCompany"sassistanceasmaybeneces saryandthemaster"sdutiescanbesafelyperformed相关证书DOC"DocumentofCompliance"meansadocumentissuedtoaCompanywhichcomplieswith therequirementsofthisCode.SMC"SafetyManagementCertificate"meansadocumentissuedtoashipwhichsign ifiesthattheCompanyanditsshipboardmanagementoperateinaccordancewiththeap provedsafetymanagementsystemSMM“SafetyManagementMenue”(SafeOperationofShipsandMarineEnvironmentalProtection)安全管理系统SMS"Safetymanagementsystem"meansastructuredanddocumentedsystemenabli ngCompanypersonneltoimplementeffectivelytheCompanysafetyandenvironmental protectionpolicy.NC不合格项Non-conformity"纠正措施meansanobservedsituationwhereobjectiveevidenceindicatesthenon-fulfilmentofaspecifiedrequirement.EmergencyResponseFire,explosion,floodi ng,grounding,stranding,sinking,foundering,listing,capsizing,robbery,pira cy,injury,manoverboard,collision,contact,wavedamage,shortlanded,overland ed,disableandadrift,breakingapart,pollution应急种类PlansandmanualsPlansSOPEP(ShipboardOilPollutionEmergencyPlan),SAPEP,Firecontrolplan ,Musterlist,contingencyplanManualsHowtooperatemachines,etc.ProceduresonArrivalorDeparturefromaF oreignPorts.海事公约IntroductiontotheMaritimeLawsSOLASConvention(TheinternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea)范围Theregulationsrelatingtolifesavingappliancesandarrangements作用areintendedtoensurethatintheeventofacatastrophe(disaster)atsea,passenger sandcrewhavethegreatestchancesofsurvival.Improveddesignandequipment,betterfireprotection,satellitecommunicati ons,rescueplanesandhelicoptersandtrainedpersonnelalsocontributetoimprove dsafetyatsea.MARPOL73/78（Theprotocolof1978totheinternationalconventionthepreventionofpollutionf romships,1973《经1978年议定书修订的1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约》）STCWConvention(ItstandsfortheInternationalConventiononStandardofTrai ning,Certification,andWatchkeepingforSeafarers,1978,asamendedin1995《1978年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》1995年修正案)MLC06（MaritimeLabourConvention201*）及各大公章节TitanicInApril12th,1912Titanicallidedwithice-mountainsandfounderdeatCapeRace,Newfoundland.1503peoplelosttheirlivesint hisdisaster.原因1.TheTitanicdidnothaveenoughlifeboatsforallpassengers.2.passengerswerela ckingofbasiclifesavingknowledgeinthisdisaster.3.theradioofficerhadgoneof fdutywhentheTitanicdistressmessagesweresent.4.TheseatemperaturewhenS.STitanicsankwasbelowfreezi ngpointandmanypeoplediedinthewaterfromhypothermia(lostbodytemperature).五险一金fivemajorpremiumsandARewardingFund养老保险，endowmentinsurance.Pension.Todepositmoneyinaspecialaccountwhichwewillbea bletousethoseperiodicallyafterretirement.---医疗保险，hospitalizationinsurance.Todepositmoneyinaspecialaccountwhichwewillbeabl etousethosewhenwearehosptialized.---失业保险，insuranceforunemployment.Todepositmoneyinaspecialaccountwhichwewillbeabl etousethoseperiodicallyafterretirementandweareabletouseitunderunemployme nt.---工伤保险，insuranceforoccupationalinjury.Togetpremiumsafterinjuriesfromthejob.---生育保险，insuranceforbearingchildren.AccumulationFundforHousingShipowners船东orbareboatcharterers光租船东Personswhoownsshipsoraresublettheship(s)byactualshipowner(s).Functionsfo rSeafarersPayallwagesandotherincomesforshipmastersandseafarersonboardthe shipsinaccordancewiththelegaldocumentsvoyagecontracts.ManagementCompanie sPersonswhoowncompanieswithresourcesofseafarers.FunctionsforSeafarers--Assisttheseafarersforjobhunting.(Interviewbytheshipowner,employment) --Claimforanydamagesfrominjuries.(Fromshipowners,insurancecompanies,P&Iclubs,etc.)--Employlawyersorattorney.(Hearinginacourt,orarbitrations)--Counterclaimforseafarers.(unemployed,illtreated,dis-promoted,) --Promotionsandrenewalsofcertificatesforseafarers.--Pension(death,injury,robbery)大型船舶有限公司：中国远洋运输公司COSCO，中国海运集团公司Chinashipping扩展阅读：航海英语习题归纳航海英语习题归纳201*年6月（航海十班。
航海英语真题48
2009年第48期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题（总第48期）一．单项选择题1.You may find the time of slack water after low water in a certain port from ______.A. mFAG.B. Tide tables.C. Notices to mariners.D. Table of azimuth.rmation on the operating times and characteristics of foreign radiobeacons can be found in which publication? ______.A. List of LightsB. Coast PilotC. Sailing DirectionsD. List of Radiobeacons3.A line of position from a celestial observation is a segment of a ______.A. circle of equal altitudeB. parallel of declinationC. parallel of altitudeD. vertical circle4.What defines a great circle?A. A curved line drawn on a Mercator ChartB. A course line that inscribes a loxodromic curveC. The shortest distance between any two points on the earthD. The smallest circle that can be drawn on the face of a sphere5.Which aid is NOT marked on a chart with a magenta circle?A. Aero lightB. Radar stationC. Radar transponder beaconD. Radiobeacon6.Charted depth is the ______.A. vertical distance from the tidal datum to the ocean bottom plus the height of the tideB. vertical distance from the tidal datum to the ocean bottomC. average height of water over a specified period of timeD. average height of all low waters at a place7. The changes in the channel’s sands and buoys on this coast are ______ this chart cannot be considered as a safe guide of the channel.A. Frequent.B. So frequent.C. Frequent that.D. So frequent that.8.While steaming slowly in the harbor，no ship is ______ to exceed the speed limited．A. assumedB. appreciatedC. promisedD. permitted．9.The mariner must be the final judge of the reliance he can place on the information given in the admiralty charts and other publications, since they _______.A.May always be complete and up-to-dateB.May not always be complete and up-to-dateC.May sometimes be complete and up-to-dateD.May not sometimes be complete and up-to-date10.All events relating to the voyage, such as ship’s position, speed and details of the weather,are recorded in ______.A. LogbookB. Bell BookC. Oil Record BookD. Compass Error Book11. When there is not a chief officer on board,______should keep and write up the ship’s logbook.A..the assistant officerB.the captainC.the officer on dutyD.the third officer12. As matter of fact，the damage to the winches was due to ______. 同原题库0918A. insufficiency of packagingB. inherent vice of the cargoC. improper stowageD. rough handling[13]It's ______ that the cargo was damaged by your stevedores．A. brightB. distinctC. plainD. evident14. Who is responsible for the regular security inspections of the ship?A. The company security officerB. The classification societyC. The port facility security officerD. The ship security officer15.Which signal of the follwings is not provided with onboard lifeboat?A.Rocket parachute signalsB.Buoyant smoke signalsC.Hand flare signalsD.Self-igniting signals16. When steering by autopilot, how often should ...... steering be checked?A.every dayB. when time allowsC. At least once a watchD. No checking is necessary17. Who must be familiar with the Masterlist and Emergency Instructions onboard?A. The captain onlyB. The officers onlyC. All crew members and other personnel onboardD. Passengers only[18]Radar reflectors are required for ______.A. all fishing vessels over 39 feet in lengthB. sail-propelled fishing vesselsC. all fishing vessels of less than 200 GTD. wooden hull fishing vessels with a poor radar echo[19]A vessel emitting harmful substances into the air or spilling oil into the sea is a______．A．Polluter B．Emitter C．Spiller D．Oiler[20] You are offloading garbage to another ship. Your records must identify that ship by nameand show her ______.A. home portB. next port-of-callC. official numberD. Master21To EASE A LINE means to ___A.cast offB. double up so that one line does not take all the strainC.pay out line to remove most of the tensionD.slack it off quickly22.Generally speaking, the most favorable bottom for anchoring is ______.A.V ery soft mud.B.Rocky.C.A mixture of mud and clay.D.Loose sand.23 When the movement of engine is no longer required the pilot usually gives the order like this ______.A. Stop engine.B. Nothing to port.C. Finish engines.D. Finished with engines24.Vessel towing with the current shall ______ tow more than two boats and they must be towed alongside.A. At times.B. At any time.C. At no time.D. At moment.25.If a vessel under tow starts jumping on its tow line, the most appropriate action to alleviate the condition is to _______.A.Change courseB.Slow downC.Heave toD.Adjust tow line length26.Horizontal fore or aft motion of a vessel is known as ________.A.PitchB.SurgeC.SwayD.Roll27.The officer of the watch should ______ comply with the collision rules.A. Some times.B. Often.C. At all times.D. Seldom.28.A vessel or seaplane on the water is considered to be underway when ______.A. She is at anchor.B. She is made fast to shoreC. She is aground.D. Her anchor ceases to hold.29.In determining a safe speed ______ shall not be among those taken into account．A.the characteristics，efficiency and limitation of the radar equipmentB.any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in useC.the effect on radar detection of the sea state，weather and other sources of interferenceD.the safe working load of the cranes both on board and ashore．30.Two vessels are approaching each other near head on. What action should be taken to avoid collision?A.The first vessel to sight the other should give way.B.The vessel making the slower speed should give way.C.Both vessels should alter course to starboard.D.Both vessels should alter course to port.31.The lights prescribed by the rules shall be exhibited _______.A.From sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility.B.At all times.C.From sunset to sunrise, and at no other time.D.Whenever a lookout is posted.32.A buoy marking a wreck will show a (n) ______.A.White light FL(2) and a top-mark of 2 black spheres.B.Occulting green light and may be lettered.C.Yellow light and will be numbered.D.Continuous quick white light and may be numbered.33.______ refers to the angle between true North and the heading line of the ship．A. True positionB. True meridianC. True courseD. True bearing34.A plane that cuts the Earth's surface and passes through the poles will always form ______.A. the equatorB. a loxodromic curveC. a small circleD. a meridian35.Neap tides occur ______.A. at the start of spring，when the Sun is nearly over the equatorB. only when the Sun and Moon are on the same sides of the Earth and are nearly in lineC. when the Sun and Moon are at approximately 90°to each other，as seen from the EarthD. when the Sun，Moon，and Earth are nearly in line，regardless of alignment order36. The height of a tide can increased by______A.a storm surgeB.a high pressureC.the jet streamD.a cold front37. The ship’s tanks most effective for trimming are the______A.deepsB.domesticsC.peaksD.settlers38. Which statement is TRUE of a tender vesselA.It has a large GMB.Its period of roll is longC.It has a very low center of gravityD.It has a good transverse stability39 Reducing the liquid free surfaces in a vessel reduces the ________A.Roll periodB.Metacentric heightC.Water plane areaD.V essel’s draft40.We usually choose cargo-handling equipment according to ______.A.The ship type.B.The port’s organization.C.The cargo’s nature.D.The docker’s ability.41.The chief officer ______ told the stevedores to stow the cargo lot by lot.A. Plainly.B. Playfully.C. Absolutely. Completely.42.What is meant by the term TOPPING THE BOOM?A.Lowering the boomB.Raising the boomC.Spotting the boom over the deckD.Swinging the boom athwartships43.For a floating vessel，true mean draft is always the ______.A.average of the observed draftsB.draft at the center of flotationC.draft corresponding to the calculated displacementD.mean of the calculated drafts44.The man directing and supervising the work of stevedores is the ______.A. Local agent.B. Watchman.C. Docker.D. Foreman.45.Please stow the drums ______ ends.A. At.B. In.C. On.D. By.46.If a void occurs in the cargo hold, it is better to _______ to control the broken stowage.A.Brace it with dunnageB.Cover it with large piecesC.Fill it with small piecesD.Leave it as it is47.In Beaufort scale, the wind force 7 with speed of 28 ~ 33 knots is defined as ______.A. Moderate gale.B. Near gale.C. Strong gale. (9)D. Whole gale.48.When force of winds reaches 10 ~ 11 in Beaufort scale, we usually call such wind ______.A. Gale.B. Storm.C. Hurricane.D. Typhoon.49.In the northern hemisphere, a wind that shifts counterclockwise is a _______.A.V eering windB.Backing windC.Reverse windD.Chinook wind50.The best estimate of the wind direction at sea level can be obtained from observing the direction of the ______.A.cloud movementB.vessel headingC.wavesD.swells51.The primary wind belt which has the greatest effect on the set, drift, and depth of the equatorial currents is the _______.A.DoldrumsB.Horse latitudesC.Trade windsD.Prevailing westerlies52.Structural bulkheads on a ship are usually ______.A. continuousB. watertightC. transverseD. non-watertight53.Bilge keels are fitted on ships to ______.A. assist in drydock alignmentB. improve the vessel's stabilityC. protect the vessel from slamming against piersD. reduce the rolling of the vessel54.The purpose of a bilge well is to ______.A. afford access to the shell through the double bottomsB. collect water to be pumped outC. provide access for the pneumercatorD. provide a base line for sounding measurements55.How would the exhaust of a properly operating diesel engine appear? ______.A. Light blue hazeB. Light brown hazeC. Light gray hazeD. Perfectly clear56.For most ship engines，the fuel is ______.A. natural gasB. diesel oilC. propaneD. bunker fuel57.58. Does current and drift effect the CPA/TCPA calculations on a true motion display?A. YesB. NoC. Only a little bitD. Yes, very seriously59.60.You are using a radar in which your own ship is shown at the center，and the heading flash always points to 0°. If bearings are measured in relation to the flash，what type of bearings are produced?A.RelativeB.TRUEpassD.Magnetic61.Magnetic compass deviation ______.A. varies depending upon the bearing usedB. is the angular difference between magnetic north and compass northC. is published on the compass rose on most nautical chartsD. is the angular difference between geographic and magnetic meridians62.The compass deviation changes as the vessel changes ______.A. geographical positionB. speedC. headingD. longitude63.The annual change in ______ is 0．2 degree．A. Magnetic VariationB. Marine InsuranceC. Maritime AccidentD. Mean High Water Spring64.The GPS satellite orbits the earth in approximately_______.A.3 hoursB.6 hoursC.12 hoursD.24 hours65.All echosounders can measure the ______.A.Actual depth of water.B.Actual depth of water below keel.C.Average depth from waterline to hard bottom.D.Average depth of water to soft bottom.66.67.What publications should a GMDSS Operator consult regarding the proper set-up and operation of vessel equipment ?______A. ITU PublicationsB. The manufacturers instruction manualsC. Part 90 of the FCC Rules and RegulationsD. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, Part 80, Subpart W68.Which action should you take after sending a false distress alert on VHF?A. Send a DSC cancellation message on Ch-70.B. Make a voice announcement to cancel the alert on Ch-16.C. Make a voice announcement to cancel the alert on Ch-13.D. Make a voice announcement to cancel the alert on Ch-22A.69.My vessel maneuvering ______ difficulty. Please keep well clear ______ me.A. With, of.B. In, of.C. At, apart.D. With, from70.My Captain is trying to ______ the pilot station before the ebb tide．A. steamB. proceedC. approachD. reach71Result of search negative means ______.A.The search has found nothing.B.The derelict has been found.C.The derelict has been located.D.The derelict has been sighted.72. In the unlikely event that a distress situation allows you to send only a very short message,after MAYDAY would you first say______?A.Your name and callsignB.Your positionC.The number of persons on boardD.the nature of the distress situation73.The terms ceiling and margin plate are associated with the ______.A. crew's quartersB. engine roomC. main deckD. tank top74.Placing a lashing across a hook to prevent a fitting from slipping out of the hook is called ______.A. Faking.B. Flemishing down.C. Mousing.D. Worming.75. The head block is located_____.A.at the base of the boomB.at the head of the boomC.at the head of the mastD.on top of the jack staff76.A spring line leads ______.A.Fore and aft from the ship’s side.B.To the dock at a right angle to the vessel.C.Through the bull nose or chock at the bow.D.Through the chock at the stern.77.Paints and solvents on a vessel should be _______.A.Stored safely at the work site until work is completedB.Returned to the paint locker after each useC.Covered at all times to protect from ignition sourcesD.Stored in a suitable gear locker[78]A distress signal ______.A. consists of 5 or more short blasts of the fog signal apparatusB. consists of the raising and lowering of a large white flagC. may be used separately or with other distress signalsD. is used to indicate doubt about another vessel's intentions79.You are standing the wheelwatch when you hear the cry, “Man overboard starboard side”.You should indtinctively ______A. give full right rudderB. give full left rudderC. put the rudder amidshipsD. throw a life ring to mark the spot80. After using a CO2 portable extinguisher, it should be ______.A.Put back in service if some CO2 remains.B.Hydrostatically tested.C.Retagged.D.Recharged.81.A fuel-air mixture below the lower explosive limit is too __________.A.Rich to burnB.Lean to burnC.Cool to burnD.Dense to burn82.Portable fire extinguishers must be provided for the cargo tank area of an unmanned tank barge ______.A.only when fully loadedB.if one or more tanks are fullC.when transferring cargoD.only when the barge is being towed83.After a liferaft is launched，the operating cord ______.A. serves as a sea painterB. detaches automaticallyC. is used to rig the boarding ladderD. is cut immediately as it is of no further use84.In the first 24 hours after abandoning a vessel，water should be given only to personnel who are ______.A. thirstyB. sick or injuredC. wetD. awake85.86.You discover a leak in the fuel line to the engine. You should first ________.A.Activate the CO2 systemB.Make a temporary repair with canvas or tapeC.Start the bilge pumpD.Close the fuel valve at the tank87.A crew member is unconscious and the face is flushed. You should ______.A. lay the crew member down with the head and shoulders slightly raisedB. administer a liquid stimulantC. lay the crew member down with the head lower than the feetD. attempt to stand the crew member upright to restore consciousness88.A crew member has suffered frostbite to the toes of both feet. You should ______.A. immerse the feet in warm waterB. warm the feet with a heat lampC. warm the feet at room temperatureD. rub the feetMajor coast radio stations all over the world transmit，at regular intervals and in code，weather information for ships within range. Weather information consists of ten parts，of which ships usually make use of three，that is，warning，synoptic situation andforecast. With weather information，mariners are able to keep away from disastrousweather at sea and reduce the danger a great deal. As terrible weather is predicted，shipscan take precautions beforehand，by delaying the voyage or seeking shelter in a safeplace. If there is a high sea or a long swell，they can take some measures to safeguard thecargo and the ship.89 Weather information for ships is usually transmitted by coast radio stations ___.A. any time of the dayB. at fixed timeC. in different languagesD. in some parts of the world90 Coast radio stations generally provide weather information for ships ___. I. in code,II. In a certain language, III. in written formA. IB. I + IIC. IID. I + II + III91 Weather information usually tells people something about weather _____.A. afterwardsB. in advanceC. at the same timeD. when there’s bad weather92 Of the following, ______ is not the way for ships to keep away from bad weather.A. delaying voyageB. staying in portC. speeding up and running awayD. pumping out ballast waterA ship's head up, or un-stabilised, radar display has the ship's heading marker fixed at 000°, at the top of the screen. All targets, fixed or moving, then move relative to the ship's position in the centre of the screen and the heading marker. As the ship moves through the water, fixed targets appear to track down the screen on a reciprocalheading at the speed the ship is moving and when the ship alters course targets appear to rotate in the opposite direction to that of the ship, so targets appear to move on the radar screen while the ship's heading remains fixed. The coating on a radar display is designed to allow a certain amount of afterglow (余辉) of targets, which in the ship's head up mode causes smearing(拖尾) and may make the identification of smaller targets difficult. In addition, when targets. particularly large landmasses, are in close proximity interference occurs, which can further inhibit the detection of small targets.93. When radar is set to ship's head up display, all fixed targets displayed on the screen will appear to当雷达被设置为船首向上显示，所有固定目标显示在屏幕上是向下倒退像标题头和船速一样A. track down the screen on a reciprocal heading at the speed the ship is movingB. rotate in the same direction as the ship rotatesC. make the identification of smaller targets difficultD. allow a certain amount of afterglow of targets94. In the ship's head up mode. if the ship rotates starboard-wise all fixed targets on the screen will appear to ______.在船首向上模式中，如果船舶右旋转，所有固定目标在屏幕上会看起来左旋转A. rotate starboard-wiseB. rotate port-wiseC. remain stationaryD. move on a reciprocal heading at the speed the ship is moving95. Afterglow of targets will ______.余辉的目标将被识别为更小目标A. have ship's heading marker fixed at 000°B. cause the fixed targets to remain fixedC. inhibit 禁止the detection of small targetD. make the identification of smaller targets96 It can be concluded that the instrument referred to in this passage is most likely a/an______它能被表达为工具指向短文是最可能是APRA。
大副英文面试指南（中英文注解）
大副英文面试指南（中英文注解）1. Could you introduce yourself?您做一下自我介绍好吗？My name is x.x.x. I am x.x years old. I hold a xxx certificate. I have experienced of xx. Xxx. Xxx. I can use a computer system for management(maintenance). I suppose that my English is good enough for work. I am married(single). There are 3 people in my family, my daughter and my son.我的名字叫XXX。
我XX岁了。
我有XXX证书。
我经历过XX，XXX，XXXX。
我可以使用电脑做维护保养工作。
我想我的英语水平足以完成工作。
我结婚了（单身）。
我家有三口人，我女儿，儿子。
2．Where did you graduate from?您是那里毕业的？I graduated from XXX university(college, school).我毕业于某大学（某学院，某学校）3．How long have you worked on board? 您在船上做多久了？I have worked on board ten years. 我在船上工作十年了。
4．Which company have you served (worked for)? 您在那个公司做过？I have served xxx.xxxx. 我在某某公司做过。
5．What certificate (license) do you hold now?您现在持有什么证书？I have xxx certificate, or I hold xxx certificate, or I am the holder of xxx certificate.6．How long do you have the certificate of master ?您持有船长证书多久了？I hold the master certificate 1 years or in 2015 year。
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Ship pollution situation and preventing measures
The characteristics of ship pollution
The diversity of pollutants in the ship. Ship pollution is mainly refers to ships are sailing, berthing, port of loading and unloading goods in the process of water env ironment and atmosphere around environmental pollution from, the main pollutants have oil material, bulk NLS harmful material, packaging, sewage and garbage, ship harmful exhaust ship, in the most serious pollution hazard oily materials.
Ship pollution with liquidity, sex without limits. The fluidity of water, the mobility of ship to ship by the pollutants may not bring limited or fixed in a point and motionless, a pollution may spread to many areas, and the pollution to cause a lot of inconvenience. Marine pollution sustained strong, diffusion range, is to have the harm of international.
Ship pollution ways
The ship for the Marine environment pollution caused by the material basically has: oil and its products, bulk NLS, packaging harmful material, sewage and garbage, harmful ship exhaust, mainly through the operability and accident of emissions into the ocean or atmospheric pollutants caused by pollution.
In addition to the various harmful pollutants outside, ship noise, anti-corrosion coatings and contain virus bacteria ballast water areas are can cause Marine pollution.
Ship to the countermeasures of pollution
1、To strengthen the supervision and management of pollution caused by the ship, strengthen prevent ship pollution of the sea legislation.
2、T o strengthen the education and training crew management, improving the crew antifouling consciousness, responsibility, operation skills is to reduce the decisive factor of ship pollution.
3、To speed up the ship pollutants processing system construction, strict control of the ship and port pollution
4、Increase security inspection, perfect the superv ision and administration of the prevention and control of pollution ship mechanism。
5、Set up a perfect monitoring system, improve the sea pollution accident emergency ability
Ship pollution prevention work is an needs and the international community has the complexity of the system engineering, strictly control the ship for Marine pollution, to protect the Marine environment safety is the Shared responsibility of the nav igation society. In order to strengthen the management of ship pollution prevention, environmental protection, and shipping and social economy that very important to the sustainable development of, the government needs related management department, shipbuilding, shipping companies, port enterprise, scientific research institution and academic organizations, universities and colleges, pollution management enterprise and equipment
manufacturers joint efforts, all work together to promote. Should take the protection of the Marine environment for human survival as important project, improve the relevant parties antifouling safety consciousness, clear itself involved in ship pollution prevention operation, management, supervision of responsibility, adopt scientific and effective measures to minimize the ship emissions of pollutants, and finally achieve "more security, more sailing Marine clean" goal.。