商务英语作业汇总版

2017MBA秋季一班英语作业
第一次
Sentences for translation
1、我们在做出选择或决策时放弃(give up)的东西被称为该选择或决策的机会成本；产生机会成本的原因(cause)在于资源是稀缺的。

译文：
All that is given up when we make a choice or decision is called the opportunity cost of that choice or decision ; the cause of opportunity cost lies in scarcity of resources.
2、所有社会都面临(be faced with)相同的经济问题，即相对于(in relation to)人类无限的需求，资源是稀缺的。

译文：
All societies are faced with the same basic economic problem of scarcity of resources in relation to unlimited human wants.
3、供给与需求的相互作用(interaction)有时被称为市场机制(the market mechanism)，它非常重要，因为它导致(lead to)价格的变化和资源分配方式的变化。

译文：
The interaction of demand and supply is sometimes called the market
mechanism, and it is important because it leads to changes in prices and in the way in which resources are allocated.
4、在计划经济体系(a planned economy)下也有生产的专业化(specialization)，但这种专业化是政府指令(directive)的结果，而不是(rather than)生产者和消费者选择的结果。

译文:
In a planned economy there is also specialization in production, but this type of specialization is a result of government directive rather thanof choices made by producers and consumers.
5、买卖双方必须在预计出售或消费的数量和价格方面达成一致(reach a compromise)。

译文：
A compromise between how much and at what price the seller decides to sell and the consumers’ plans to buy must be reache
6、对于厂家和商家来说，真正重要matter的不仅仅是总销售量的多少，而是获得了多少利润。

译文：
What really matters to the firms and businesses is not only total sales in terms of quantity sold but the profit that is made.
7、重商主义理论下的政策是对进口进行限制，对出口给予补贴。

（Impose ,subsidy）
译文：
The economic policy under mercantilism is to impose restrictions on imports and to grant subsidies for exports.
8、事实上，一个国家积累了大量的黄金并不能使这个国家的物质状况有所好转。

相反，贸易应当使所有国家收益。

它可以使人们比在没有贸易时享受更多物美价廉的商品。

（accumulate,materially better off, on the contrary, benefit, in the absence of）
译文：
In fact, the accumulation of a large hoarding of gold does not make a country materially better off. On the contrary, trade should benefit all countries. It can make people enjoy more cheaper and better goods than in the absence of trade.
9、劳动力丰富的国家在从事劳动密集型产业上具成本优势，同样资本丰富的国家在生产资本密集型产业上有优势。

（labor/capital-intensive）
译文：
Countries with abundant labor will possess cost advantage in
labor-intensive industries whereas countries with abundant capital will
enjoy cost advantage in capital-intensive industries.
10、只要某国至少在一方面具有比较优势，那么专业分工和从事贸易就是值得的。

（so long as,at least,it pays to do sth., engage in）
译文:
So long as each country possesses the comparative advantage in at least one activity, it still pays to specialize in that activity and engage in trade.
11、众所周知，贸易自由化会带来效益收益并增加世界经济福利。

（efficiency gain, economic welfare）
译文：
It is well-known that trade liberalization brings efficiency gains and increases global economic welfare.
12、出口部门市场的快速增长，加上国内日益激烈的竞争环境，会刺激生产和产品的技术创新。

（stimulate）
译文：
The rapid growth of export market and increasing domestic competition tend to stimulate production and product innovation.
13、定义上，一种货币相对于一种或所有其它货币的价格下降就叫货
币贬值。

（in terms of）
译文：
By definition, a fall in the price of one currency in terms of one or all other currencies is called depreciation.
14、当资本流动时，当局的愿望之间的冲突将可能增加：一方面，要抑制通过膨胀；另一方面，要保持汇率的稳定和竞争力。

（contain, maintain）
译文：
As capital inflows increase , tensions will likely develop between the authorities’ desire, on the one hand, to contain inflation and, on the other hand, to maintain a stable and competitive exchange rate.
Depreciation refers to an increase in the domestic price of the foreign currency.（折旧是指外国货币的国内价格的增加。

）
Appreciation refers to a decline in the domestic price of the foreign currency.（升值是指外币的国内价格下跌。

）
An appreciation of the domestic currency means a depreciation of the foreign currency and vice versa.
本国货币的升值意味着外币的贬值，反之亦然。