英语中的暗喻演示文稿
合集下载
英语修辞及举例说明【优质PPT】
It must be delightful to find oneself in a foreign country without a penny in one’s pocket.
言语上的反语往往需要配合上下文来理解，它不尽然表达 批评或讽刺，有些时候也能表达赞扬和幽默。
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My love is like a red, red rose2
Metaphor 暗喻
对两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比；所不 同的是在形式上，暗喻中本体和喻体之间多通过Be 动词来联系。省掉比喻词。
明喻：Life is like an unexplored river, full of twists and turns, great beauty and dangerous surprises .
提喻的本体与喻体之间的关系是局部—全体，具体—抽象 之间的关系，而换喻的本体与喻体之间的关系更为复杂。
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类比 analogy
将两类本质上不同的事物之间的共同点加以比较，
在形式上很像比喻，也用比喻词。常用来阐释复杂的概念。
类比最常见的句型为 A is to B as C is to D
The friendly gardner had a lot of thyme(time) for the woman.
那位和善的园丁留了许多百里香（与“时间”谐音）给那 个女人。
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矛盾修辞法 oxymoron
用两种不调和、甚至截然相反的特征来形容一项事 物，在矛盾中寻求哲理，以达到修辞效果。它是反 论的一种浓缩形式。
Can enemies become mortal friends ? 敌人能 成为不共戴天的朋友吗？
言语上的反语往往需要配合上下文来理解，它不尽然表达 批评或讽刺，有些时候也能表达赞扬和幽默。
2021/10/10
13
My love is like a red, red rose2
Metaphor 暗喻
对两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比；所不 同的是在形式上，暗喻中本体和喻体之间多通过Be 动词来联系。省掉比喻词。
明喻：Life is like an unexplored river, full of twists and turns, great beauty and dangerous surprises .
提喻的本体与喻体之间的关系是局部—全体，具体—抽象 之间的关系，而换喻的本体与喻体之间的关系更为复杂。
2021/10/10
7
类比 analogy
将两类本质上不同的事物之间的共同点加以比较，
在形式上很像比喻，也用比喻词。常用来阐释复杂的概念。
类比最常见的句型为 A is to B as C is to D
The friendly gardner had a lot of thyme(time) for the woman.
那位和善的园丁留了许多百里香（与“时间”谐音）给那 个女人。
15
矛盾修辞法 oxymoron
用两种不调和、甚至截然相反的特征来形容一项事 物，在矛盾中寻求哲理，以达到修辞效果。它是反 论的一种浓缩形式。
Can enemies become mortal friends ? 敌人能 成为不共戴天的朋友吗？
metaphor暗喻PPT课件
此例以“肥料”(manure) 喻革命志士与暴君 之血。
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2）用形象具体的事物, 比喻抽象的 事物或概念
It’s the same with Negro in America. That
shoe ... the white man’s system ... has pinched
and rubbed and squeezed his soul until it has al most destroyed him. 美国黑人的情况也是这样。白人制度这只鞋夹 紧了他的灵魂，使之受磨难, 几乎要把他毁掉 了。 用夹紧黑人的灵魂的一只“鞋子”来比喻美 国的白人制度, 这是典型的以具体事物比喻抽 象事物
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1）以一种形象具体的事物去比喻
另一形象具体的事物。
The speaker, and the school master, and the thir d grown person presents, all backed a little, and
swept with their eyes the inclined plane of
.
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History is all these things—— waves, tides and currents —— and like the sea, no matter how tranquil the surfa ce, it is never still. A sequence of events is a series of waves, one crest following upon the other; and the trick for statesmen and reporter alike, is to tell which crest is surge of the tide and which a mere accident of the wind. 历史总是这些东西——波 浪, 潮汐和水流——像海洋一样, 无论表面多么平 静, 它从未静止过, 一系列的事件是一层层的波 浪, 一个波峰接着一个波峰, 政治家与记者的技能 一样, 是告诉人们哪一个是潮汐的作用, 哪一个不 过是因风而起。 用海洋中的“波浪, 潮汐和水流” 来比喻历史, 也是用具体事物比喻抽象事物。
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11
2）用形象具体的事物, 比喻抽象的 事物或概念
It’s the same with Negro in America. That
shoe ... the white man’s system ... has pinched
and rubbed and squeezed his soul until it has al most destroyed him. 美国黑人的情况也是这样。白人制度这只鞋夹 紧了他的灵魂，使之受磨难, 几乎要把他毁掉 了。 用夹紧黑人的灵魂的一只“鞋子”来比喻美 国的白人制度, 这是典型的以具体事物比喻抽 象事物
.
9
1）以一种形象具体的事物去比喻
另一形象具体的事物。
The speaker, and the school master, and the thir d grown person presents, all backed a little, and
swept with their eyes the inclined plane of
.
12
History is all these things—— waves, tides and currents —— and like the sea, no matter how tranquil the surfa ce, it is never still. A sequence of events is a series of waves, one crest following upon the other; and the trick for statesmen and reporter alike, is to tell which crest is surge of the tide and which a mere accident of the wind. 历史总是这些东西——波 浪, 潮汐和水流——像海洋一样, 无论表面多么平 静, 它从未静止过, 一系列的事件是一层层的波 浪, 一个波峰接着一个波峰, 政治家与记者的技能 一样, 是告诉人们哪一个是潮汐的作用, 哪一个不 过是因风而起。 用海洋中的“波浪, 潮汐和水流” 来比喻历史, 也是用具体事物比喻抽象事物。
英语中的暗喻,明喻和拟人
他这人就像一只骄傲的公鸡，以为太阳升 起是为了它的啼叫。
3.拟 人 personification
Thirsty soil drank in the rain. 饥渴的土壤在雨中畅饮。 Did you see the anger of the tempest? 你看到暴风雨的愤怒吗? The flowers nodded in the breeze. 花儿在微风中点头。 Tat sea, at the mercy of wind and weather. 他们在海上迷失了方向，任凭风和天气 的摆布。
He tailed her into the cave. 他尾随着她走进洞穴。
2. 明 喻
SIMILE
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
He has a heart of stone. 他有一副铁石心肠。 He has the heart of a 1ion, but he does everything in a down-to-earth way. 他有狮子般的勇气，但办事十分认真。 He is sometimes bad-tempered but really he’s got a heart of gold. 有时候他似乎脾气不好，但他的心眼可好 了。
1.暗 喻 METAPHOR
Group 3 杨凯 于丹丹 张曾洁 杨阔 高玉新
A silver plate (=The moon) is rising up in the sky. 一个银盘在天边升起。 The human tide was rolling westward. ( Dickens ) 人流向西涌去。 The web of our life is of a mingled yarn, good and ill together. ( Shakespeare ) 我们的生活是吉凶交织而成的网。
实用英语写作--修辞 ppt课件
❖ Lady hermits who are down but not out(穷困而不潦倒的女隐士 们)
❖ Where there is a will, there is a lawsuit. 有遗嘱必有官司。
实 用 英 语 写 作（JLU）
十一、重复(repetition)
This is the lesson: never give in, never give in, never, never,
二、暗喻【Metaphor】
暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。 它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言 的表现力.
❖ Experience is the mother of wisdom. ❖ The boy is all skin and bone. ❖ Knowledge is not always a water that washes away vice. ❖ Life is a journey. ❖ Poor Joe lives in that match-box of a house. ❖ Waves thundered against the rocks.
lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits. ❖ Chivalry is going about releasing beautiful maidens from other men’s castle,
and taking them to your own castle.
实 用 英 语 写 作（JLU）
八、头韵【Alliteration】
❖ Where there is a will, there is a lawsuit. 有遗嘱必有官司。
实 用 英 语 写 作（JLU）
十一、重复(repetition)
This is the lesson: never give in, never give in, never, never,
二、暗喻【Metaphor】
暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。 它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言 的表现力.
❖ Experience is the mother of wisdom. ❖ The boy is all skin and bone. ❖ Knowledge is not always a water that washes away vice. ❖ Life is a journey. ❖ Poor Joe lives in that match-box of a house. ❖ Waves thundered against the rocks.
lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits. ❖ Chivalry is going about releasing beautiful maidens from other men’s castle,
and taking them to your own castle.
实 用 英 语 写 作（JLU）
八、头韵【Alliteration】
大学英语写作讲座一：修辞PPT课件
大学英语写作讲座 ：修辞
1. Figures of Speech Semantically ( 语义修辞) 1. 1 明喻 (simile)： 用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语
指出两个不同事物的相似之处
➢ That boy is as dumb as an oyster
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1.9 夸张（hyperbole）
运用丰富的想象，过激的言词，渲染和装饰客观 事物，以达到强调的效果。
➢ My blood froze.
➢When I told our father about this, his heart burst.
➢My heart almost stopped beating when I heard my daughter’s voice on the phone.
➢ Intelligence is like a river. The deeper it is the less noise it makes.
➢ He jumped as if he had been stung.
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1. 2暗喻 (metaphor)：
用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外 一个事物 .
➢ Good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—cured patients, less pain, less discomfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.
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1.10 矛盾修饰 (oxymoron)
1. Figures of Speech Semantically ( 语义修辞) 1. 1 明喻 (simile)： 用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语
指出两个不同事物的相似之处
➢ That boy is as dumb as an oyster
2021
8
1.9 夸张（hyperbole）
运用丰富的想象，过激的言词，渲染和装饰客观 事物，以达到强调的效果。
➢ My blood froze.
➢When I told our father about this, his heart burst.
➢My heart almost stopped beating when I heard my daughter’s voice on the phone.
➢ Intelligence is like a river. The deeper it is the less noise it makes.
➢ He jumped as if he had been stung.
2021
1
1. 2暗喻 (metaphor)：
用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外 一个事物 .
➢ Good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—cured patients, less pain, less discomfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.
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1.10 矛盾修饰 (oxymoron)
英语修辞 Microsoft PowerPoint 演示文稿
Personification 拟人
• • • 拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物. 例如: 1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化） • 2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人 化）
Metonymy 借喻,转喻
• • • • • • • • • 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个 与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
通ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ（synesthesia）
• 通感（synesthesia）是指在某个感官所产生的感觉，转到 另一个感官的心理感受。 Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested. 有些书是应当尝尝滋味的，有些书是应当吞下去的，有少 数书是应当咀嚼和消化的。 书是“尝”不出味道的，也是不能“吃”下去将其“消化” 掉的。这里把读书中的精读和泛读，阅读欣赏与吸收知识 的感受，用味觉功能和消化功能来表示，心理感受是如此 逼真和奇特。
• Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.（正如爬山， 我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。） •
英语中的暗喻
metaphors ,like sustained metaphors sustained metaphors博喻 and extended metaphors扩喻.
In some metaphors,the primary term is compared to two or more secondary terms.These metaphors are called "sustained metaphors " .It involves various comparisons of the primary term in different perspectives. Poetry is the scent of the rose,the lightening in the sky,the gleam of the fly,the sound of the sea. (Poetry is compared to scent,lightening,gleam and sound--all in different prspectives. )
1.Introduced by the link verb"be" He is a stupid ass. He is a fox. 2.Modifiers an iron heart,the silver moon,a sea of faces,etc. 3.Constructed by verbs or popular set phrases birds of the same feather , a wolf in sheep's clothing
When we make metaphors,we should avoid mixed metaphors
In some metaphors,the primary term is compared to two or more secondary terms.These metaphors are called "sustained metaphors " .It involves various comparisons of the primary term in different perspectives. Poetry is the scent of the rose,the lightening in the sky,the gleam of the fly,the sound of the sea. (Poetry is compared to scent,lightening,gleam and sound--all in different prspectives. )
1.Introduced by the link verb"be" He is a stupid ass. He is a fox. 2.Modifiers an iron heart,the silver moon,a sea of faces,etc. 3.Constructed by verbs or popular set phrases birds of the same feather , a wolf in sheep's clothing
When we make metaphors,we should avoid mixed metaphors
英语修辞手法及练习ppt课件
→eg.My only worry was that January would find me hunting for a job
again.
病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能 ，破坏 机体内 环境的 相对稳 定性， 且在一 定部位 生长繁 殖，引 起不同 程度的 病理生 理过程
Pun ＆ Parody ＆ Oxymoron
ironysy ＆ nesthesia ＆personification
• 7.讽刺（irony）:用含蓄的褒义词语来表示其反面的意义，从而达
到使本义更加幽默，更加讽刺的效果。
→eg .It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in
→eg.Iam sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.
• 15、拟声（onomatopoeia）是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写
的事物的声音很相似，使语言显得生动，富有表现力。
→eg .She banged the door after her.
• 10.双关语（pun）是以一个词或词组，用巧妙的办法同时把互不关
联的两种含义结合起来，以取得一种诙谐有趣的效果。
→eg .Napoleon was astonished.”Either you are mad, or I am,”he
declared. “Both，sir!”cried the Swede proudly.
.
病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能 ，破坏 机体内 环境的 相对稳 定性， 且在一 定部位 生长繁 殖，引 起不同 程度的 病理生 理过程
• 6.She may have tens of thousand of babies in one summer.(from“ Watching Ants”)。(persnification)
again.
病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能 ，破坏 机体内 环境的 相对稳 定性， 且在一 定部位 生长繁 殖，引 起不同 程度的 病理生 理过程
Pun ＆ Parody ＆ Oxymoron
ironysy ＆ nesthesia ＆personification
• 7.讽刺（irony）:用含蓄的褒义词语来表示其反面的意义，从而达
到使本义更加幽默，更加讽刺的效果。
→eg .It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in
→eg.Iam sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.
• 15、拟声（onomatopoeia）是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写
的事物的声音很相似，使语言显得生动，富有表现力。
→eg .She banged the door after her.
• 10.双关语（pun）是以一个词或词组，用巧妙的办法同时把互不关
联的两种含义结合起来，以取得一种诙谐有趣的效果。
→eg .Napoleon was astonished.”Either you are mad, or I am,”he
declared. “Both，sir!”cried the Swede proudly.
.
病原体侵入机体，消弱机体防御机能 ，破坏 机体内 环境的 相对稳 定性， 且在一 定部位 生长繁 殖，引 起不同 程度的 病理生 理过程
• 6.She may have tens of thousand of babies in one summer.(from“ Watching Ants”)。(persnification)
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He is a bag of wind. 他只说不干。
He is an old woman. 他是个婆婆妈妈的人。
He is an all-purpose basket. 他是一个多面手。
We had been singing all night in the tavern. Next morning I had a frog in the throat.
他尾随着她走进洞穴。
Exercise:
I have been wrestling with this problem
for half ah hour. 我钻研这个问题已经半小时了。
The train steamed into the station.
火车吐着气开进了车站。
He needled his way through the crowd.
他穿过人群。
( 3 )形容词型 ( adjective metaphors ) It is a thorny problem／issue／subject. 这是个棘手的问题(题目) 。 The girl is a dead shot. 这位姑娘是神枪手! He loves a rosy cheek. 他喜欢玫瑰色面颊。 She has a photographic memory for detail. 她对细节有照相机般的记忆力。
习惯是缆索，每天我们编上一条线，不 久我们便扯不断了。
Metaphor, perhaps the most important figure of speech, points out resemblance but with no acknowledging word. (Britannica Book of English Usage)
the golden age stormy applause iron will a silver tongue a biting north wind
黄金时代 雷鸣般的掌声 钢铁般的意志 流利的口才 刺骨的北风
英语中的暗喻演示文稿
Compare:
Habit may be likened to a cable; every day we weave a thread, and soon we cannot break it.
习惯像缆索，每天我们编上一条线，不 久我们便扯不断了。
Habit is a cable; every day we weave a thread, and soon we cannot break it.
A silver plate (=The moon) is rising up in the sky.
一个银盘在天边升起。
The human tide was rolling westward. ( Dickens )
人流向西涌去。
The web of our life is of a mingled yarn, good and ill together. ( Shakespeare )
隐喻的表达形式
( 1 ) 名词型 ( noun metaphors ) Time is money. Life is a journey. All the world’s a stage, and all the men and
women merely players. ( William Shakespeare ) 整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。
我们在酒馆里唱了一整夜的歌，第二天早晨 我的嗓子就嘶哑了。
( 2 ) 动词型 ( verb metaphors )
The case snowballed into one of the most famous trials in U. S. history.
这个案子像滚雪球似地，最终成了美国历 史上最著名的审判之一。
灾难老是折磨着他。
The long faced hijacker barked his
orders. 那个长脸的劫机者狂吠般地发号施令。
Everything was bathed in the golden
sunlight. 万物沐浴在金色的阳光下。
He tailed her into the cave.
我们的生活是吉凶交织而成的网。
He 1ives in a palace of a house. 他住在宫殿一般的房子里， The boat disappeared in a mountain of a
wave. 船在一般如山高的大浪中消失了。 She was an angel of a wife. 她是天仙般的妻子。 I’ve got the devil of a toothache. 我牙痛不堪。
霎时间，东西长安街成了喧腾的大海。 （袁鹰：《十月长安街》）
At once，the Eastern and Western Chang’an Roads became roaring oceans.
他是一本活词典(百科全书) 。 He is a walking dictionary／encyclopedia.
The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it.
那男孩儿一抓到食物便狼吞虎咽般地吃了 下去。
The boy is shooting up fast. 这个小孩长得特快。
Waves thundered against the rocks. 水浪 flooded with boys and girls.
走廊里挤满了男女小孩。
She melted \ dissolved into tears. 她感动得流下眼泪。
Don’t monkey with the new radio. 不要乱动新收音机。
Misfortune dogged him at every turn．