初三英语(全一册)知识点汇总

九年级英语Unit1《 How can we become good learners?》知识点【短语归纳】

1. have conversation with sb. 同某人谈话

2. too…to…太……而不能

3. the secret to……的秘诀

4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事

5. look up 查阅

6. repeat out loud 大声跟读

7. make mistakes in 在……方面犯错误8. connect ……with…把……和……连接/联系起来

9. get bored 感到厌烦10. be stressed out 焦虑不安的

11. pay attention to 注意；关注12. depend on 取决于；依靠

13. the ability to do sth.. 做某事的能力14. first of all 首先

15 take notes 做笔记，做记录16. enjoy doing sth .

16. native speaker 说本族语的人17. make up 组成、构成

18. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 19.each other 彼此

20.too many :许多，修饰可数名词 too many girls

too much :许多，修饰不可数名词 too much milk（too many

和 too much）much too :太，修饰形容词 much too beautiful

21.change… into…将…变为…

22. with the help of sb. == with one's help 在某人的帮助下

with the help of LiLei == with LiLei's help 在李雷的帮助下

23. compare … to … : 把…与…相比（compare with拿…和…比较）

【单元知识点】

1. by + doing ：通过……方式

2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论

The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。

talk to sb= talk with sb 与某人说话

3. 提建议的句子：

①What/ how about +doing sth.? 做…怎么样？What/ How about going shopping?

②Why don't you + do sth.? 你为什么不做…？Why don't you go

shopping?

③Why not + do sth. ? 为什么不做…？Why not go shopping?

④Let's + do sth. 让我们做…吧。如： Let's go shopping

⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 我们/我…好吗？ Shall we/ I go shopping?

4. a lot 许多 ,常用于句末。如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。

5. too…to :太…而不能常用的句型：too+形容词/副词+ to do sth.

I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。

6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法，三个词都与“大声”或“响亮”有关。

①aloud是副词，通常放在动词之后。

②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时，常与speak, talk, laugh等动词

连用，多用于比较级，须放在动词之后。

如：She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。

③l oudly是副词，与loud同义，有时两者可替换使用，可位于动词之前或之后。

如：He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。

7. not …at all 一点也不，根本不

如：I like milk very much,I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶，我一点也不喜欢咖啡。

8. be / get excited about sth. 对…感兴奋

9. ① end up doing sth : 终止做某事，结束做某事

The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。

② end up with sth. 以…结束（注意介词with）

The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。

11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用

于否定句）常在句末 too 也（用于肯定句）常在句末

12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。

make a mistake 犯一个错误如：I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。

13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）如：Don't laugh at me! 不要取笑我！

14 enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做…

She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。enjoy oneself 过得愉快 He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。

15 one of +（the+ 形容词最高级）+名词复数形式 : …其中之一

She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。

16 It's +形容词+（for sb. ） to do sth :（对于某人来说）做某事…

It's difficult （for me ） to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了

17 practice doing 练习做某事

She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。

18. decide to do sth. 决定做某事

LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。

19. unless 假如不，除非 :引导条件状语从句

You will fail unless you work hard .假如你不努力你会失败。

20. deal/do with 处理如：I dealt with a lot of problem.

21. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事

Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。

22. go by （时间）过去 . 如： Two years went by. 两年过去了。

23. see sb / sth doing 看见某人正在做某事（如果是看到正在做什么，

要用动词ing形式，考的较多的也是动词ing形式）

see sb / sth do 看见某人在做某事

She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画。

24.regard… as … :把…看作为…如：

The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。

25. instead 代替用在句末，副词instead of sth / doing sth:代替，

而不是

I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。

Unit2《I think that moon cakes are delicious!》【短语归纳】

1. the Lantern Festival 元宵节

2. the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节

3. the Water Festival 泼水节

4. be fun to watch 看着很有意思

5. eat five meals a day 一天吃五餐

6. put on five pounds 体重增加了五磅

7. in two weeks 两星期之后 8. be similar to... 与.......相似

17. end up最终成为;最后处于 18. share sth. with sb. 与……分享……

19. as a result结果 20. one,. . the other... (两者中的)一个……另一个

21. take sb. out for dinner 带某人出去吃饭22. dress up 乔装打扮

23. haunted house 鬼屋 31. call out 大声呼喊

32. remind sb. of 使某人想起 33. sound like 听起来像

34. treat sb. with. 用/以…对待某人35. the beginning of new life 新生命的开始

36 give sb. sth. 给某人某物；把某物给某人37. plan to do sth. 计划做某事

38 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事

重点句子

1. I think that they’ re fun to watch. 我认为它们看着很有意思。

2. What do you like about… ?

What do you like best about the Dragon Boat Festival? 关于端午节，你最喜欢什？

3. What a great day! 多么美好的一天！

4 .I wonder if it’s similar to the Water Festival of the Dai people

in Yunnan Province. 我想知道它是否与云南傣族的泼水节相似。

5. How+adj. /adv. + 主 + 谓！

How fantastic the dragon boat teams were! 龙舟队多棒啊！

6. What do/does+sb. + think of sth. ?

What does Wu Yu think of this festival? 吴宇觉得这个节日怎么样？

【单元知识点】

1. What + a(n) + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语+其他）！

2. How + 形容词/副词（+主语+谓语+其他）！……多么……!

3. be going to ……将要/打算……

4. in + 时间段在……后

5 one of + 名词复数形式……之一

【语法归纳】

一、宾语从句

宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。三大考点：引导词、时态和语序。

①由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成

常由下面的一些词引导：

②由that 引导表示陈述意义 that 可省略

He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。

③由if , whether 引导表示一般疑问意义(是否、已否、对否等)

I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。

④由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导表示特殊疑问意义

Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？

⑤从句时态要与主句一致

当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态

当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。

I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。

She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.

她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。

Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？

二、感叹句

感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。

感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。现分述如下：

由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：

1. 可用句型：“What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数（＋主语＋谓语+ 其他）！”。如：

What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！

What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！

2. 可用句型：“What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数（＋主语＋谓语+ 其他）！”。如：

What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！

What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！

3. 可用句型：“ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词（＋主语＋谓语+ 其他）！”。如：

What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！

What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！

由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：

1. 可用句型：“ How ＋形容词 / 副词（＋主语＋谓语+ 其他）！”。如：

How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！ How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！

2. 可用句型：“How ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数（＋主语＋谓语）！”。

How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！

3. 可用句型：“ How ＋主语＋谓语！”。如：

How time flies! 光阴似箭！

由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如：

How beautiful a girl she is! ＝ What a beautiful girl she is!

What delicious cakes these are! ＝ How delicious these cakes are! Unit3《Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?》

【短语归纳】

1. used to 过去常常

2. be afraid of 害怕

3. From time to time 时常；有时

4. turn red 变红

5. take up 开始做

6. deal/do with 对付；应付

7. not…anymore 不再 8. tons of attention 很多关注

9. worry about 担心 10. be careful 当心

11. hang out 闲逛 12. give up 放弃

13. thank about 考虑14. a very small number of 极少数的(the number of)

15. be alone 独处 16. give a speech 做演讲

17. get to(arrive at/in reach).到达18. make a telephone call 打电话

19 save money 省钱、存钱

【单元知识点】

1.宾语从句；宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。

①构成：连接词+ 主语+ 谓语

常由下面的一些连接词引导：

②由that 引导，表示陈述意义，另外that可省略

He says （that） he is at home. 他说他在家里。

③由if , whether 引导，表示一般疑问意义（带有是否、已否等意思）

I don't know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。

④由连接代词、连接副词（疑问词）引导，表示特殊疑问意义

Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？

⑤从句时态要与主句一致；当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句根据情况使用任何时态

He says （that ） he is at home. 他说他在家里。

She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。

当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）

He said （that） he was at home. 他说他在家里。

She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。

（6）如果宾语从句表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、现阶段存在的客观事实、现在经常性或习惯性的动作、谚语、格言等，不论主句用何种时态，从句一律用一般现在时。1）Our teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 我们老师对我们说光比声音传播要快得多。

2）The mother told his son that two and three is five. 母亲告诉孩子二加三等于五。3）We all knew that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 我们都知道，患难之交才是真朋友。

4）He told me that his father is an English teacher. 他告诉我他父亲是名英语老师

5. ①问路常用的句子：

Do you know where is … ? Can you tell me how can I get to …？Could you tell me how to get to …？②Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth. 表示十分客气地询问事情

③Could you tell me how to get to the park? 请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗？

上面句子中的how to get to the park是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，但不是宾语从句（这一点要搞清楚，它不是宾语从句），相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）

I don't know how to solve the problem ==I don't know how I can solve the problem. 我不知道如何解决这个问题

Can you tell me when to leave? ==Can you tell me when I will leave? 你能告诉我什么时候离开？

6. 日常交际用语：

take the elevator / escalator to the … floor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到…楼turn left / right == take a left / right 向左/ 右转go straight 向前直走

7. next to 旁边、紧接着Lily is next to Ann. 莉莉就在安的旁边。

8. between … and…在…和…之间（重中之重...）

Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。

9. decide to do 决定做…She decided to go to have lunch. 她决定去吃午餐。

make a decision 做个决定(常见短语)

10. Is that a good place to hang out? 那是不是一个闲荡的好地方？

如 There are something to eat. 这有吃的东西。句子中的to eat修饰代词something,作定语。

11. kind of +adj/adv. 译为“有点、一点”She is kind of shy. 她有点害羞。

12. expensive 贵的反义词 cheap inexpensive 不贵的

13. crowded 拥挤的反义词 uncrowded 不拥挤的

14. take a vacation == go on a vacation 去度假

15. dress up 打扮 dress up as 打扮成

He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas. 他想要打扮成圣诞老人。

16. on the beach 在海滩上，介词用 on

17. politely adv. 有礼貌地 polite adj. 有礼貌的

18. depend on :根据、依靠、依赖、决定于

Living things depend on the sunlight.生物对阳光有依赖性。

That depends on how you did it. 那决定于你怎样做这件事。

19. prefer 动词，更喜欢、宁愿。常用的结构有：

prefer sth. 更喜欢某事 I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。

prefer doing/ to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。

prefer sth to sth. 同…相比更喜欢 I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。

prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着

prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。

20. on the other hand 另一方面（一方面：on the one hand.

21. 把…借给某人：lend sb. sth. == lend sth to sb.（反义词：borrow..from..）

Lily lent me her book == Lily lent her book to me . 莉莉把她的书借给了我。

22. I'm sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。

23. in a way 在某种程度说24. in order to 为了…，表目的。

He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。

25. 同级比较：as…as ①as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as , “和…一样

He works as hard as we. 他工作和我们同样努力。

Unit4 《I used to be afraid of the dark.》

【短语归纳】

1. be more interested in 对…更感兴趣.

2. on the swim team 游泳队的队员.

3. be terrified of 害怕.

4. gym class 体操课.

5. worry about 担心.

6. all the time 一直, 总是

7. chat with 与…闲聊 8. hardly ever 几乎从不

9. walk to school = go to school on foot 步行去上学

take the bus to school = go to school by bus 乘车去上学

10. as well as 不仅…而且 11 get into trouble with 遇到麻烦

12 in the end 最后13. make a decision下决定，下决心

【重点句子】

1. I used to be afraid of the dark. 我过去常常前害怕黑暗.

2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉.

3. I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends. 以前我常常花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏.

4. I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我几乎没有时间去听音乐会.

5. My lif e has changed a lot in the last few years.

6. It will make you stressed out. 那会使你紧张的.

7. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎变化很大.

【单元知识点】

1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事如：He used to play football after

school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。

2. 反意疑问句①肯定陈述句+否定提问

如：Lily is a student, isn't she?

②否定陈述句+肯定提问如：She doesn't come from China, does she?

③提问部分用代词而不用名词如：Lily is a student, isn't she?

④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly 等，其反意疑问句用肯定式

He knows little English, does he? 他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？

They hardly understood it, did they? 他们几乎不明白，不是吗？

3. play the piano 弹钢琴

4. ①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣

②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣

如：He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。

5. interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人

interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物

6. be terrified of sth. 害怕……如：I am terrified of the dog.

be terrified of doing sth. 害怕做…如：I am terrified of speaking.

7. walk to somewhere ：步行到某处

8. spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间”（spend和pay for它们的主语都是人，这一点大家要清楚）

①spend…on sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间）（重要考点）

②spend…doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事（重要考点，尤其要注意动名词，也就是动词的ing形式，很容易出现在选择题中）如：He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着

He spend 3 months building the bridge. 他花费了三个月去建这座桥。

Pay for :花费如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。

9. take : 动词 ,有“花费”的意思，常用的结构有：(cost: sth. cost…)

It takes sb some time/money to do sth.如：It takes me a day to read the book.

10. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。

11.worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事, worry 是动词

be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 , worried 是形容词

如：Don't worry about him. 不用担心他。

Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。

12. all the time 一直、始终

13. take sb. to + 地方：送/带某人去某个地方如：

A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。

14. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有。 hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前，

助动词/情态动词+hardly ; hardly + 实义动词如：

I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。

I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。

15. miss v. 思念、想念、错过

16. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内，常与完成时连用如：

I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。

17. be different from 与…不同

18 how to swim ：怎样游泳

不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定式短语。如：

The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。

I don't know where to go. 我不知道去哪。

19. make sb./ sth. + 形容词 make you happy

make sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh

20. move to +地方：搬到某地如：I moved to Beijing last year.

21. it seems that +从句看起来好像…如：

It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。

22. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人help sb.（to）do sth. 帮某

人做某事She helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。

She helped me （to） study English. 她帮助我学习英语。

23 fifteen-year-old :作形容词 ,15岁的。fifteen years old 指年龄，

15岁。如：a fifteen-year-old boy 一个15岁的男孩

24 can't afford to do sth. 支付不起……can't afford sth. 支付不起…

I can't afford to buy the car. I can't afford the car. 我买不起这个辆小车。

25. as + 形容词/副词+ as sb+could/can 尽某人的…能力

Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。

26 to one's surprise令某人惊讶 to their surprise 令他们惊讶 to LiLei's surprise 令李雷惊讶

27. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪

His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪

28. pay attention to sth. 对…注意，留心

You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。

29 be able to do sth. 能做某事She is able to do it. 她能够做到。

30. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。

31.不再①no more =no longer

I play tennis no more.我不再打网球。

②not …any more = not …any longer 如：

I don't play tennis any longer. 我不再打网球。

Unit5《What are the shirts made of?》

【短语归纳】

1. be made of 由……制造

2. be made in 在……制造

3. environmental protection 环境保护

4. be famous for 以……而著名

5. be produced in 在……生产

6. be known for 以……闻名

7. as far as I know 据我所知8. pick by hand 手工采摘

9. send for 发送10. avoid doing sth 避免做某事

11. everyday things 日用品

【重点句子】

1. What are the shirts made of? 衬衫是由什么制成的？

2. It was made in Thailand. 它是在泰国制造的。

3. No matter what you made buy,you might think those products were

made in those countries.

无论你买什么，你会认为那些产品是在那些国家制造的。

4. The international kite festival is held in April every year. 国际风筝节是在

每年的四月举行。

5. Laura didn’t know that kite flying could be so exciting. 劳拉

不知道放飞风筝可能会如此令人兴奋。

【单元知识点】

1. made of 由……制（构）成， This skirt is made of silk.这件裙子是用丝绸制成的。

be made of/from/up of的区别

（1） be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么保留原材料的,质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。

The kite is made of paper．风筝是用纸做的。

（2） be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。

The paper is made from wood．纸是木头做的。

Butter is made from milk．黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。

（3） be made up of 用……构成或组成的，指人、物皆可，指结构成分。

Our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。

2. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.

好像全世界的许多人都在喝中国茶。

句型“It seems that…”意为“看起来好像/似乎……”，其中seem是连系动词，意为“似乎；好像”，句型中的it是形式主语，不能用其他代词来替代。

It seems that he was late for the train. 看来他没赶上火车。

seem的几种常见结构：

（1）seem to do sth此句型可与“It seems that…”转换。

They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema. 他们似乎找到了去电影院的路了。

（2）seem+形容词

My temperature seems (to be) all right. 我的体温看上去正常了。

（3）seem+名词 That seems not a bad idea. 看上去主意不错。

3. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are

sent for processing in factory. 当茶叶成熟时，就被用手工采摘然后送到工厂加工。

When the fruit are ready, they are picked and are sent to the mark for sale.

当这些水果成熟后就被摘下来并送到市场上卖掉。

4. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were

made in those countries.

无论你买什么，你都可能认为那些产品是在那些国家生产的。

此句为由no matter +特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句。意为“无论….”，相当于whatever。

No matter what I said to her, she still didn’t believe me.

无论我对她说什么，她仍然不相信我。

5. find out, 查出，找到。指有目的，经过一定努力才找到。

The police are trying to find out where the boy got off the train.

警察正在查找这个男孩是从哪下的火车。

find, find out与look for find，find out和look for都含有“寻找、找到”的意思，但其含义和用法却不同。

①find意为“找到、发现”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可指偶然发现某物

或某种情况，强调的是找的结果。He didn’t find his bike. 他没找到他的自行车。

② look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。

I don’t find my pen，I’m looking for it everywhere. 我没有找到我

的钢笔，我正到处找。 He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。

③find out意为“找出、发现、查明”，多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”，通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义，指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。

Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。

Read this passage，and find out the answer to this question.

【语法归纳】

一般现在时态的被动结构及用法

一、概念理解

1. 时态：在英语语言中，时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。

如：He often helps me with my English. 他经常帮助我学英语。（help 这个动作经常发生often；故用一般现在时）英语中常用的时态有：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时等等。

1. 语态：在英语语言中，语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

①主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态。

The tall boy often hits his classmates

②主语是动作的接受者（承受者）为被动语态。助动词be + 及物动词的

过去分词构成 Chinese is spoken by the most people in the world（主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的接受者）。

3 语态与时态的关系：在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态时态，他们是

分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。

① He is looking after his sister at home.

② He is being looked after well by his parents.

二、被动语态最基本的句型结构： be +及物动词过去分词

①、be 有时态，人称和数的变化。

②、被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词；因为被动句中的主语是动作的

承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。

三、被动语态的使用

1. 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不

用by 短语。“Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class.

2. 突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。

如：The cup was broken by Paul.

3. 当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时

常用in + 名词作状语，而代替 by 短语。

如：These cars were made in China.

四、主动语态变被动语态的变法：主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换

1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。

3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可

以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。

五、一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +done

如： Tea is grown in Hangzhou. 杭州种植茶叶。

Unit6《When was it invented ?》

【短语归纳】

1. by accident 偶然地；意外地

2. without doubt 毫无疑问的；的确

3. by mistake 错误地；无意中

4. look up to 钦佩；仰慕

5. take place 发生；出现

6. all of a sudden 突然；猛地

7. divide…into…把……分开 8. the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会

9. the style of ……的样式 10. be used for 被用于……

11. in the sixth century 在第6世纪 12. travel around 周游

13more than == over 超过（相比较，more than更重要）

more than 300 == over 300 :超过300 14 over an open fire 野饮【单元知识点】

1. invent v. 发明 inventor n. 发明家 invention n. 发明，可数名词

2. be used for doing ，用来做…（是被动语态）

Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。

3. 给某人某样东西 give sth. to sb. I gave a pen to him. 我给他一支笔。

give sb. sth. I gave him a pen. 我给他一支笔。

6. by mistake 错误地 make mistake犯错

I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿错了雨伞。

7. make sb./sth+形容词：使…怎么样 It made me happy. 它使我高兴 make sb./sth+名词：让…做…It made me laugh. 它让我发笑

8. by accident 意外，偶然 I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在

公共汽车站意外地见到了她。

9. not…until…直到…才 I didn't go to bed until I finished my work.

我直到完成我的工作才去睡觉。

10. according to +名词：根据… according to this article根据这篇文章

14. fall into 落入，掉进 The leaf fell into the river. 叶子落入了河里。

fall down 摔倒 She fell down from her bike. 她从她自行车摔倒了。

15. quite 非常 adv. 与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面

quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩

16. including . 包括。可以与名词和动名词连用.including doing sth Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6个人包括一个小孩受伤了。

17. have been played 被上演 , have /has been +过去分词。

18. be born 出生 He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生

19 safety n. 安全 safe adj. 安全的 20 knock into 撞上（某人）knock at/on

21. divide sth. into … ,将…划分成，通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分 Let's divide ourselves into 4groups. 让我们把我们自己划成4组。 22 since then 自从那以后。常与完成时态连用

Since then, I have left Beijing. 自从那以后，我已经离开了北京。

被动语态

（1）被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。

（2）被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词（如果是不及物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词）

（3）被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。

一般现在时的被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词

一般过去时的被动语态为：was/were+ 过去分词

与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 过去分词

（4）被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在句末，by 表示“由，被”的意思.

为了更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。

主动语态：主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他成分

被动语态：主语+be+过去分词+by+宾语+其他成分

如：Many people speak English.

被动语态 :English is spoken by many people.

Unit7《Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.》

【短语归纳】

1. be allowed to do sth. 被允许干… allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人干……

allow doing sth. 允许干……

2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16岁的孩子

3. part-time jobs 兼职工作

4. a driver’s license 驾照

5. on weekends 在周末

6. at that age 在那个年龄段

7. on school nights 在上学日的晚上 8. stay up 熬夜

9. clean up 清扫 10. fail （in） a test 考试不及格

11. take the test 参加考试 12. the other day 前几天

13. all my classmates 我所有的同学 14. concentrate on 全神贯注于

15. be good for 对…有益 16. in groups 成群的，按组

17. get noisy 吵闹（系表结构） 18. learn from 向某人学习

19. at present 目前，现在 20. have an opportunity to do sth. 有做……的机会

21 the other day 前几天22. at present 目前 23. at least 最少at most 最多

24 reply to 答复某人 25. get in the way of : 碍事，妨碍

【重点句子】

1. I don’t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears

pierced. 我认为不应该允许12岁的孩子穿耳孔。

2. They talk instead of doing homework. 他们聊天而不是做作业。

3. He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允许他们熬到晚上11点。

4. We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.

我们应该被允许更加经常的花些时间多做这类事情。

5. What school rules do you think should be changed?你认为学校的哪

些制度应该改一改了？

6. The two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 这两条牛仔裤穿在我身上都适合。

7. The classroom is a real mess. 教室太脏了。

8. Should I be allowed to make my own decisions? 我应该被允许自己做决定吗?

9. Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream.只有这样我

才能实现我的梦想。

10. They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much a s they

want. 应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间。

11. We have nothing against running. 我们没有理由反对他跑步。

【单元知识点】

1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事

LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。

2. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞 get/have sth. done（过去分词）：让/使（别人）做某事

3. enough 足够形容词+enough beautiful enough 足够漂亮

enough+名词 enough food 足够食物

4 stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 Please stop speaking.请停止说话。

stop to do sth. 停止一件事去做另一件事 Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。

5 it seems that +从句 ;看起来好像……

It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。

6系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。

常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay（保持）， kept等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired.

7 倒装句：由so+助动词（be/do/will/have）情态动词+主语，也是一样

She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生，我也是。

She will go to school. So will he. 她将去学校，他也是。

8. yet 仍然，还 ; 常用在否定句或疑问句当中 already

9. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm. 我经常熬夜到

12点。

10. clean up 打扫整理 I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完

了卧室。

11. 程度副词： always 总是 usually 经常 sometimes 有时never 从不

12. 曾经做某事： Do you ever get to school late?

13. go shopping（去购物）， go fishing（去钓鱼）， go swimming（去游

泳）， go boating（去划船）， go hiking（去远足

14. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉如：

Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。

15. take the test 参加考试 pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考

试失败

18. agree 同意反义词 disagree不同意动词

agreement 同意反义词 disagreement 不同意名词

18. keep sb/ sth+ 形容词；使某人/某物保持……

We should keep our city clean. 我们应该保持我们的城市干净。

19. both…and…+ 动词复数形式Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.

20. learn （sth.） from sb; 向谁学习（什么）

Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师

学习英语

21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事（注意后面用的是不

定式）

I have an opportunity to go to Beijing.

22. 花费： take ,cost, spend , pay

sth. take （sb.） time to do sth. It took （me） 10days to read the book.

sth. cost （sb.）…… The book cost （me） 100yuan.

sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.

sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.

sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book .(take它的主语往往是it，spend和pay的主语是人，cost的主语是物）

23. have + 时间段+off : 放假，休息如：have 2 days off

24. agree with sth. 同意（常见考点）如：I agree with that idea.

25 success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv.

30. think about 与think of 的区别

①当两者译为：认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用

I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。

②think about 还有“考虑”之意 ,think of做为想到、想出时两者不能互

用

At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。

We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。

31. 对…热衷，对…兴趣 be serious about doing

She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。

be serious about sth. She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。

32. practice doing 练习做某事

She often practice speaking English.

33. care about sb. 关心某人 Mother often care about her son.

34. also :也 ,用于句中 either:也 ,用于否定句且用于句末

too:也 ,用于肯定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一个学生

I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。

I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。

Unit8《It must belong to Carla.》

【短语归纳】

1. be long to属于

2. listen to classical music听古典音乐

3. at school上学；求学；在学校

4. go to the concert去听音乐会

5. have any/some idea 知道

6. a math test on algebra 有关代数的数学考试

7. the final exam 期末考试 8. because of 因为

9. a present for his mother 送给她妈妈的礼物 10. run for exercise 跑步锻炼

11. catch a bus 赶公车 12call the police 报警 Call the police! 叫警察！

13. anything strange 一些奇怪的东西 14 get on 上车 get off 下车

【重点句子】

1. If you have any idea where might be please call me.

如果你知道它可能在哪，请打电话给我。

2. It’s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30% to the final exam.

关键是我必须学，因为它占期末考试的30%。

3. What do you think “anxious“ means? 你认为“anxious”是什么意思？

4. He could be running for exercise. 他可能是跑步锻炼身体。

5. He mig ht be running to catch a bus. 他可能是在跑着赶公共汽车。

6. Why do you think the man is running? 你觉得那个男的为什么跑？

【单元知识点】

1. 情态动词must, may , might, could, may , can't表示推测含义，后面都接动词原形，都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断，但他们含义有所不同must be一定，肯定 can't be不可能，不会

may, might, could有可能，也许20%-80%的可能性）The dictionary must be mine.

The CD might/could/may belong to Tony because he likes listening to pop music. The hair band can't be Bob's.

2. whose :谁的，是个疑问词，作定语，后面接名词

Whose book is this? This is Lily's.

3. belong to 属于 That English book belongs to me.

4.乐器前用定冠词the play the guitar play the piano play the violin

球类运动，则不用定冠词play football play basketball play baseball

5. if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时 If you don't hurry up, you'll be late. 如果你不快点，你将会迟到

6. if you have any idea= if you know 如果你知道

7. try to do sth. 尝试做某事 I try to climb the tree. 我尝试爬树。

8. because of:由于 because:因为， because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语because + 从句 I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。

I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因我得搬家。

17. there be sb./ sth. doing :有…正在 There is a cat eating fish.

18. escape from …从哪里逃跑出来

He escaped from the burning building. 他从燃烧的建筑中逃出来。

19. an ocean of + 名词，极多的，用不尽的 an ocean of energy.

20. dishonest 不诚实的反义词 honest 诚实的。

21. use up 用光。用完They have used up all the money. 他们已经用完了所有的钱。

22. attempt to do 试图做某事（attempt后面用的是不定式to do）

The boys attempted to leave for Beijing. 男孩子们试图想去北京。

23. look for 寻找，强调找的过程 find 找，强调找的结果

I am looking for a pen. 我正在找一支笔。（指找的过程）

I found my pen just now. 我刚刚找到了我的笔。（指找的结果）

24. hear 听，强调听的结果 listen 听，强调听的过程

Did you hear ? 你听到了吗？（指听的结果，听到或没听到）

I often listen to the music. 我经常听音乐。（指听的过程）

25. try one's best to do sth. 尽某人的最大努力去做某事（后面跟的不

定式to do是考试的重点）

He tried his best to run. 他尽他的最大努力去跑。

26名词所有格名词所有格的构成有两种形式

①在名词后面加 's ,而以s结尾的名词，在名词的后面只需要加 '

如：Ann's book 安的书， our teachers' office我们老师们的办公室注：双方共有的所有格，只在后面一个名词加‘s,

Lily and Lucy's father 莉莉和露西的爸爸（她们的爸爸是同一个人）

②有…of …介词短语表示无生命东西的所有格（记住这个用法，考试的时

候经常遇到）a picture of my family 我家人的相片

有时也有's表示无生命的东西的所有格如：

today's newspaper, the city's name

【语法归纳】

现在完成时态

⑴由have/ has + 过去分词构成

⑵表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与

already, just , yet , ever, never 连用

Have you finished your work yet? 你完成了你的工作了吗？

Yes, I have. I have just finished it. 是的。我刚刚完成了。

I have already finished it . 我已经完成了。

⑶表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，用于延续

性动词，且句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语，如：for two months, so far,up to now(到

目前为止),since last year,for a long time,all my life,these few days等。

①常和表示一段时间的状语连用如：（for + 时间段，since + 时间点，

或过去某一动作，以及how long ）

②注：非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和for,since引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用，应转为相应的延续性动词如：

die-- be dead join -- be in leave-- be away buy----have borrow ---keep

come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in go out----be out leave ----be away begin-----be on finish----be over open----be open close -----be closed

⑷①have（has）been to + 地点表示去过某地，已经回来（这个经常考，have/has been to,翻译成去过某地）

②have（has）gone to + 地点表示去了某地，没有回来

③have been in + 地点表示一直呆在某地，没有离开过

She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。（已经回来）

She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。（没有回来）

She has been in Shanghai for 2 days. 她呆上海两天了。（没有离开过上海

Unit9《I like music that I can dance to.》

【短语归纳】

1. expect to do sth. 期望干…expect sb. to do sth 期望某人干……

2. catch up with 追上，赶上

3. different kinds of music 各种不同的音乐

4. quiet and gentle songs 轻柔的歌曲

5. take…to…带……到……

6. remind…of…使某人想起或意识到…

7. her own songs 她自己的歌曲

8. be important to 对……重要 9. Yellow River 黄河

10. Hong Tao’s latest movie 洪涛最近的电影11. over the years 多年来

12. be sure to do sth. 务必干……一定干……

13. one of the best known Chinese photographers 世界上最有名的中国摄影家之一

14. on display 展览，展出 15. come and go 来来往往

16. can’t stand 不能忍受 17. most of ………的大多数

18 keep healthy 保持健康 19. get together 聚在一起

20 be bad for sth. 对…有坏处的 be bad for doing sth. 做…有坏处

21 for example，例如 22. even if 甚至

23 different kinds of :各种各样 different kinds of clothes :各种各

样的衣服

【重点句子】

1. I love singers who write their own music. 我喜欢自己创作曲子的歌手。

2. We prefer music that has great lyrics. 我们更喜欢歌词很棒的曲子。

3. What do you dislike about this CD. 你不喜欢这张CD的什么？

4. What does it remind you of？它使你想起了什么？

5. The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music. 这首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。

6. It does have a few good features, though. 然而，它的确也有一些好的方面。

7. She really has something for everyone. 每个人的确都能从她的作

品中领悟到一些东西。

8. Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition.无论怎样，你都不能错过这次展出。

9. As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy.

正如乐队名字所暗示的那样，这支乐队很有活力。

10. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great.

有些人说他们很无聊，但也有人说，他们是伟大的。

11.I f I were you, I’d eat nuts instead. 如果我是你，我会改吃坚果。

【单元知识点】

1. prefer v. 更喜欢，宁愿；

prefer sth. 更喜欢某事 I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。

prefer to do. 宁愿做某事 I prefer to sit.我宁愿坐着。

prefer sth to sth. 同…相比更喜欢…I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。 prefer doing to doing .宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着。

2. along with 伴随… , 同…一道； I will go along with you. 我同你一道去。

3. dance to sth. 随着…跳舞（to是介词） She likes dancing to the music.

她喜欢随着音乐而跳舞。

4 take … to … ,带…去…

My father often takes me to the park. 我的爸爸经常带我去公园。

5. remind sb. of sb./sth. 提醒，使…记起…

This song reminds him of his mother. 这首歌使他记起了他的妈妈。

6. be important to sb. 对…重要

7. unfortunately adv. 不幸运地 fortunately adv. 幸运地

8. look for 寻找

My pen is lost. Could you help me look for it? 我的笔丢了。你能帮我找一下吗？ 9. though = although 作连词，翻译成虽然，尽管，放在句子中间/句首，不能和but连

Though it was very late, he went on working. 虽然很晚了，但他还在工作

Mr. Smith , though he was young, did it very well. 史密斯先生虽然年轻，却做得很好。

10. be sure to do 一定做某事，肯定做某事 It is sure to snow. 肯定要下雪

11. over the years 很多年来，常与现在完成时连用

Over the years, they've planted many trees on the hills. 多年来他们已在山上种植了许多树。

12. take care of = look after 照顾，关

She often takes care of / looks after her son.

13stay away from 远离……

Stay away from me , I have a cold. 请远离我，我得了感冒

14. to be honest :老实说

To be honest I really like flowers. 老实说我真的很喜欢花。

15. be in agreement: 意见一致，常与介词on /about连

They are in agreement on that question. 他们对那个问题意见一致。 Unit10《 You're supposed to shake hands.》

【短语归纳】

1. be supposed to do 被期望做，应该

2. shake hands 握手

3. for the first time 第一次

4. table manners 餐桌礼仪

5. drop by 偶然拜访，顺便拜访

6. after all 毕竟，终究

7. be on time 准时 8. （in）the wrong way 以错误的方式

9. be relaxed about 对……比较随意 10. a bit 一点

11 in time 及时 12. around the world =all over the world 全世界

13. point at 指向14. make mistakes 犯错误（复数）make a mistake 犯错误（

15 make faces 做鬼脸 16. face to face 面对面

【重点句子】

1. He should have told me about it. 他本应该把这件事告诉我。

2. Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.我所在的地方，对时间是相当宽松的。

3. We often just drop by our friends’ homes. 我们时常去朋友家拜访。

4. Often we just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our

friends as we can. 我们经常走遍市中心，看尽可能多的朋友。

5. We usually make plans to see friends. 通常我们都是做好去看朋友的计划。

6. We’re the land of watches, after all. 毕竟，我们是表之乡。

7. It’s even better than I thought it would be. 事情比我想象的要好得多。

8. They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们花尽心血让我感觉不到拘束。

9. Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t bother me like it used to.

尽管我经常出一些错，但它不像过去那样打扰我。

10. I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to