passive voice(被动语态)
被动语态Pasive Voice
“We must put them in the fridge.”The bears thought .
“They must be put in the fridge.”The bears thought.
Translation:
1.世界上广泛说英语. is spoken English _______ widely __________in the world. 2.中华人民共和国成立于1949年. was founded The PRC _____ ________ in 1949. 3.每年必须种更多的树. must be planted More trees ______ _____ ______ every year.
主动语态变为被动语态(方法/步骤：)
1、把原句中的宾语变为主语； 2、动词改为被动形式，即be动词 +V过去分词 3、如需要强调动作的执行者，则 将原来主语放在by后面，如没必 要，则可以省略）
主动语态变为被动语态(方法/步骤：)
• 主动： • We clean our classroom every day . • (主 谓 宾 )
主动语态：主语是动作的执行者
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 Many people speak English. (主动语态)
English is spoken by many people. (被动语态)
各种时态的被动语态的结构
被动语态的构成：be +vt.p.p. 一般现在时：am / is / are +vt.p.p. 一般过去时：was / were＋vt.p.p. 情态动词must /can /could /may
rob yesterday
passive voice语法表
文章标题：深度解析Passive Voice语法表在英语语法中，Passive Voice（被动语态）是我们学习和掌握的重要内容之一。
通过Passive Voice的运用，我们可以使句子结构更加灵活多样，表达方式也更加丰富。
在本文中，我将从Passive Voice的定义、结构、使用场景以及与Active Voice的比较等多个角度进行全面评估，帮助你更全面、深入地掌握Passive Voice的语法表。
1. Passive Voice的定义Passive Voice是指句子的宾语成为主语，而动作的执行者则变成了句子的主语。
在Passive Voice的句子结构中，通常使用助动词be （am/is/are/was/were）加上动词的过去分词形式来构成。
“The letter is written by Tom.”（这封信是汤姆写的），其中，“The letter”成为主语，而“Tom”则成为了主语的补语。
2. Passive Voice的结构Passive Voice的句子结构通常为：“被动语态助动词（am/is/are/was/were）+ 及物动词的过去分词+ by + 动作执行者”。
需要注意的是，当动作执行者未知或不重要时，也可以省略by 短语。
另外，需要注意的是在句子的时态转换和语态转换过程中，时态和语态的一致性也是需要额外注意的。
3. 使用场景Passive Voice通常用于以下几种情况：- 当动作执行者未知或不需要指出时。
- 当动作执行者不重要，只需要突出动作的发生时。
- 当强调对象而非主语时。
4. 与Active Voice的比较与Active Voice相比，Passive Voice在句子结构和语法使用上有所不同。
在Active Voice中，执行者在句子中占有主要位置，而在Passive Voice中，对象或接受动作的人或事物在句子中更加突出。
总结回顾本文从Passive Voice的定义、结构、使用场景以及与Active Voice 的比较等多个角度全面评估了Passive Voice的语法表。
Passive Voice
●taste( sound, smell, feel) + adj.
■The cloth feels soft.
●S + needs(require, want)
■The old need respecting.
4.主动形式表示被动意义的句子
●The book sells well.
●The pens write smoothly. ●The jacket washes easily. ●The knife cuts well. ●The film will finish soon. ●The boxes carried easily. 有此用法的主要动词有：read, write, act, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, shut, lock, dry, eat, drink, …
总结: 被动语态的时态变化主要体现在 be 动词的变化上。
判断下列各句中被动语态的时态
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. The classroom is being cleaned now. The classroom is cleaned every day. The classroom was cleaned yesterday. The classroom has already been cleaned. The classroom will be cleaned tomorrow. The classroom should be cleaned every day. The classroom was being cleaned when I came in. The classroom had been cleaned when I came in.
passive voice被动语态
Who will eat the cake?
will eat the cake.
The cake will be eaten by
Who is eating the cake?
is eating the cake.
The cake is being eaten by
Who has eaten the cake? has eaten the cake.
The present perfect tense:
have/ has been done
The present continuous tense:
am/ is/are being done
The future tense:
will be
done
Homework:
Write a report on Beijing’s preparation for the 2008 Olympic Games in about 60 words. You have to talk about: What have been done in Beijing? What are being done in Beijing? What will be done in Beijing? What will be done by you?
被动语态详解 Passive voice
被动语态详解被动语态Passive voice语态（voice）是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语语态分为两种，一种是主动语态（active voice）另一种是被动语态（passive voice）主动语态表示，主语是动作的执行者。
Yesterday I parked my car outside the school.被动语态表示主语时动作的承受者。
A sound of piano is heard in the adjoining room.被动语态常由助动词be以及及物动词的过去分词所构成。
被动语态可以用在各种时态里，最常见的有以下几种种。
一般现在时You are wanted in the office. I am not so easily deceived.一般过去时I was invited to the concert. Our house was built in 1969.一般将来时We hope that an agreement will be arrived at.现在完成时My car has been repaired. The part has been planned since the New Year.过去完成时I looked at the lanterns that had been lighted and placed near the opening.现在进行时The question is being discussed at the meeting. The children are being taken care of by their aunt.过去进行时When I called, tea was being served. 这里的call 表示的是拜访。
被动语态除了常用的be加上过去分词构成之外，还可以用get+过去分词的结构。
被动语态Passivevoice讲解
被动语态（Passive voice）讲解By Rebecca一、被动语态的基本时态变化1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4) was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5) had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6) was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7) shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.二、被动语态的特殊结构形式---主动表被动1. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
高中英语语法：不定式被动(Passive Voice)复习过程
二、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式, 在句中作 主语、宾语、定语, 或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等。 It is a good thing for him to have been criticized. (主语) She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语) He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. (复合宾语) The book is said to have been translated into many languages. (复合谓语) She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. (定语)
3. 在“too…to do; enough…to…”结构中。如： The problem is too difficult to work out/ (to be worked out)． The house is big enough to live in.
4. 在“with+n+to do”结构中。例如： With nothing to do, he lay in bed． With so many exercises to do, I can't go to the cinema．
主动
一般式 进行式 to do to be doing
完成式
to have done
被 动 to be done
to have been done
More examples:
(1)The meeting to be held is of great importance. (2) The bridge to be built next year is just
被动语态
对被动语态的划线提问. 1.The picture was drawn by a famous painter. By whom was the picture drawn? Whom was the picture drawn by? 2. The radio has been fixed by him. By whom has the radio been fixed? Whom has the radio been fixed by?
• All the floors have been waxed by my father. • Lord Nelson’s victory over the French at the battle of Trafalgar was reported by the Times in 1805. • Many fantastic stories were created by Jules Verne. • Chickens will be kept on the farm by Farmer Black next year.
• Miss Smith didn’t ask the students to hand in their homework. • The students weren’t asked to hand in their homework (by Miss Smith). • Miss Smith asked the students not to hand in their homework. • The students were asked not to hand in their homework (by Miss Smith).
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
何时使用被动语态
• 4. 为了礼貌, 避免说出动作的执行者。P233 • You are requested to give a performance. • 请你给我们表演一个节目。
何时使用被动语态
• 5. 在新闻报道中，为了表明报道的客观性而 避免主观性的透露时。如：
• A car accident happened on the high way this morning. Three men were killed, the wounded were taken away to hospital at once and policemen were sent there to cope with the event.
• That dog looks dangerous. • Your idea sounds a good one. • My advice proved to be wrong.
关于主动形式表示被动意义
• (2)某些与can’t, won’t等连用的不及物动词且表 示主语(通常是物)的某种属性时，如move, lock, shut, open，close 通常用主动形式表示被
不用于被动语态的情形
• 1. 不及物动词没有被动语态 • 这类动词如：take place，happen，come
about(发生)，break out，appear， disappear，last，arise(出现，发生)等： • A fire broke out during the night. • 夜间发生了火灾。 • Influenza usually breaks out in winter. 流感通 常发生在冬季。 • Use this money when the need arises. 有需要 时就使用这笔钱。
• 今天早晨高速公路上发生了一起车祸，三人 丧生，伤员马上被送往了医院，并马上派了 警察去处理这一事件。
何时使用被动语态
• 6. 在科技论文中，常使用被动语态来强调客 观事实。如：
• When it is cold enough, water will be turned into ice. 当天气足够冷时，水就会变成冰。
判断下列句子中那些没有被动形式
• 9. We could hardly see each other in the fog • 10. They have four children and a nice apartment. • 11. He lacks experience in teaching at the present. • 12. We live a happy life. • 13. He joined the Party last year. • 14. I don’t want anyone to bother me.
动意义。
• The door won’t s意它与用被动语态含义不同： • The window won’t shut.
•这窗户关不上。 •(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了)
• The window won’t be shut.
•这窗户将不用关上。 •(窗户本身没问题，只是不用关)
• The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 • The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 • This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. • This shirt will wear very long.
关于主动形式表示被动意义
不用于被动语态的情形
• 2. 某些静态动词不用于被动语态 • 英语有些静态动词(如cost, have, lack, fit, hold,
suit, resemble, last等)通常不用于被动语态， 如以下各句均不能变为被动语态： • My shoes don’t fit me. 我的鞋不合适。 • The young man lacks experience. • The hall holds 1000 people.
been reached.
不用于被动语态的情形
• 5.宾语为动词习语的构成部分，这样的结构不 能转换为被动语态。如，keep silence, lose heart, take place, change hands, kill time, eat his words, carry weight, etc.如：
He told a lie yesterday and was scolded by his father.
何时使用被动语态
• 我们在平常的英语交流中，尽量使用主动 语态，但在下列情况下，则通常使用被动 语态：
• 1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要 指出动作的执行者时。如：
• The glass is broken. 玻璃杯破了。 • Letters are collected at eight every morning.
• 【注】不过该用法在某些特殊情况下也可用 被动语态，只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表 示主语的属性，用被动形式表示动作执行者 所执行的动作)：
关于主动形式表示被动意义
• (3)某些可和well, easily, slowly, quickly， long, smoothly, fluently等副词连用的不及物动词
• (如read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, cook, photograph, dry, cook, cut, wear, carry, prove等)且表 示主语(通常是物)的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式 表示被动意义。
• I have a new motorbike. It was given to me as a birthday present by my father.
• The notion is especially opposed to by those who have invested much in the area. (因 those的定语太长了，若用它作主语，主语 与谓语就相距太远而显得句子松散。)
何时使用被动语态
• 2. 为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。如： • The desk was made by Master Wang. • 这张课桌是王师傅做的。 • The bag was taken away by his sister. • 那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。
何时使用被动语态
• 3. 在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时 或是为了避免中途变更主语。P234 如：
不用于被动语态的情形
• 少数不及物动词后面能跟一个特定的名词作 宾语，这个名词和前面的动词在词根上是相 同的或者在意义上是相近的，这样的宾语就 叫做同源宾语（Cognate Object）。
• live, die, sleep, dream, breathe, smile, laugh, fight, sing等。
• → I don’t want to be bothered.
• 15. I don’t mind you criticizing me.
• → I don’t mind being criticized.
• 16. She doesn’t like people staring at her.
• → She doesn’t like being stared at.
Passive Voice
• 预习要点： • 1. 何时使用被动语态 • 2. 哪些主动句没有被动形式 • 3. 主动形式表被动意义的形式有哪些 • 4. 被动结构与系表结构的区别 • 5. 某些宾语从句的被动形式 （P166,P169
《练习册》) • 6. 什么是保留宾语P228
• 请看下面两个对话： • 1. --- The flowers are all gone. What happened to them? • ---________. • A. They Awere destroyed by the rain. • B. The rain destroyed the flowers. • 2. --- It rained heavily last night. • ---________. • A. They wBere destroyed by the rain. • B. The rain destroyed the flowers. • 1句中，“flowers”是话题，为了保持话题的一致性，
我们使用被动语态，所以A句的回答更得体。 • 2句中，“rain”是谈话的话题，所以主动语态是较好
的选择。
• 翻译下面句子： • 1.语言反映文化，文化影响语言。
Language reflects culture and is influenced by culture.
• 2. 他昨天说谎话,父亲骂了他一顿。
• We live a happy life here.
不用于被动语态的情形
• 4. 宾语是处所、地点、组织时，一般不用被动语态。 如：
• They arrived at Beijing yesterday. • He joined the Party in 1990. • 对比： • 1) We will reach the station in two hours. • 2) We have reached an agreement on this issue. • 句1) 没有被动式。 • 句2）的被动式为：An agreement on this issue has
• The ship set sail this morning. 这艘轮船今天早 晨起航了。
关于主动形式表示被动意义
• 一、谓语动词用主动表被动的四种情形 • (1) 某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel,