corrosion control(四川理工 防腐翻译)

Plating, painting, and the application of enamel are the most common anti-corrosion treatments.电镀、绘画和搪瓷的应用是最常见的防腐处理。

They work by providing a barrier of corrosion-resistant material between the damaging environment and the structural material.他们通过提供一个工作障碍之间的耐蚀材料破坏环境和结构材料。

Aside from cosmetic and manufacturing issues, there are tradeoffs in mechanical flexibility versus resistance to abrasion and high temperature.除了化妆品和制造问题,有权衡机械灵活性和耐磨损和高温。

Platings usually fail only in small sections, and if the plating is more noble than the substrate (for example, chromium on steel), a galvanic couple will cause any exposed area to corrode much more rapidly than an unplated surface would.电镀失败通常只在小的部分,如果镀层比基质更高贵的(例如,钢铬),电偶会造成任何暴露面积比未镀过的表面会腐蚀更快。

For this reason, it is often wise to plate with a more active metal such as zinc or cadmium.出于这个原因,它通常与一个更明智的板块活跃的金属锌或镉等。

Painting either by roller or brush is more desirable for tight spaces;出于这个原因,它通常与一个更明智的板块活跃的金属锌或镉等。

spray would be better for larger coating areas such as steel decks and waterfront applications.喷雾会更好更大的涂层钢甲板和海滨等领域的应用。

Flexible polyurethane coatings, like Durabak-M26 for example, can provide an anti-corrosive seal with a highly durable slip resistant membrane.灵活的聚氨酯涂料,例如Durabak-M26,可以提供一个高度耐用耐滑动膜防腐密封。

Painted coatings are relatively easy to apply and have fast drying times although temperature and humidity may cause dry times to vary.油漆涂料是比较容易使用，并具有快速干燥时间，虽然温度和湿度可能会导致干燥时间变化。

the environment is controlled (especially in recirculating systems), corrosion inhibitors can often be added to it.环境控制(特别是在循环系统),腐蚀抑制剂通常可以被添加到它。

These chemicals form an electrically insulating or chemically impermeable coating on exposed metal surfaces, to suppress electrochemical reactions.这些化学物质在暴露的金属表面形成一种电绝缘或化学渗透涂层，以抑制电化学反应。

Such methods make the system less sensitive to scratches or defects in the coating, since extra inhibitors can be made available wherever metal becomes exposed.这种方法使系统不太敏感，在涂层中的划痕或缺陷，因为额外的抑制剂可以使金属变得暴露在任何地方。

Chemicals that inhibit corrosion include some of the salts in hard water (Roman water systems are famous for their mineral deposits), chromates, phosphates, polyaniline, other conducting polymers and a wide range of specially-designed chemicals that resemble surfactants (i.e. long-chain organic molecules with ionic end groups).抑制腐蚀的化学物质包括在硬水中的盐类（罗马水系统的矿物是著名）、铬酸盐、磷酸盐、聚苯胺等导电聚合物，及一系列专门设计的化学物质，类似于表面活性剂（即长链有机分子与离子端基）。

Aluminium alloys often undergo a surface treatment.铝合金经常进行表面处理。

Electrochemical conditions in the bath are carefully adjusted so that uniform pores, several nanometers wide, appear in the metal's oxide film.在镀液中的电化学条件经过仔细调节，使均匀的孔隙，几纳米宽，出现在金属的氧化物膜。

These pores allow the oxide to grow much thicker than passivating conditions would allow.这些孔允许氧化生长比钝化条件允许厚得多。

At the end of the treatment, the pores are allowed to seal, forming a harder-than-usual surface layer.在治疗结束时，毛孔被允许密封，形成一个比通常的表面层更难。

If this coating is scratched, normal passivation processes take over to protect the damaged area.如果该涂层被刮伤，正常的钝化处理可以保护受损区域。

Anodizing is very resilient to weathering and corrosion, so it is commonly used for building facades and other areas where the surface will come into regular contact with the elements.阳极氧化是风化和腐蚀很有弹性，所以它通常用于建筑外墙和其他领域的表面会在接触到的元素经常接触。

While being resilient, it must be cleaned frequently.虽然是弹性的，它必须经常清洗。

If left without cleaning, panel edge staining will naturally occur.如果没有清洗，面板边缘染色自然会发生。

A new form of protection has been developed by applying certain species of bacterial films to the surface of metals in highly corrosive environments.在高腐蚀环境中，将某些细菌膜应用于金属表面，开发了一种新型的保护形式。

This process increases the corrosion resistance substantially.这个过程大大提高了耐蚀性。

Alternatively, antimicrobial-producing biofilms can be used to inhibit mild steel corrosion from sulfate-reducing bacteria.另外，抗菌药物生产的生物膜可以用来抑制低碳钢腐蚀硫酸盐还原菌。

Cathodic protection (CP) is a technique to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making that surface the cathode of an electrochemical cell.阴极保护是一种通过使电化学电池的阴极表面使金属表面的腐蚀的技术来控制金属表面的腐蚀的方法。

Cathodic protection systems are most commonly used to protect steel, and pipelines and tanks;阴极保护系统是最常用的保护钢，管道和坦克；steel pier piles, ships, and offshore oil platforms.钢制码头，船舶，海上石油平台。

For effective CP, the potential of the steel surface is polarized (pushed) more negative until the metal surface has a uniform potential.对于有效的处长，钢表面的电位极化（推）更负，直到金属表面具有一个统一的潜力。

With a uniform potential, the driving force for the corrosion reaction is halted.具有均匀的电位，腐蚀反应的驱动力被停止。