宾语从句与表语从句.
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句
二. 知识精讲
在复合句中起名词性作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此名词从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
（一）宾语从句
1. 概念及引导词
在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有连接代词（who, whom, whose , what , which, whoever , whatever, whichever ）、连接副词(when , where , how, why )及从属连词(that , whether, if ).
例：John said （that）he was leaving for London on Wednesday.
约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
She will name him whatever she wants to.
她高兴给他起什么名字就起什么名字。
That depends on where we shall go.
那取决于我们去哪儿。
2. 宾语从句的种类
常见的宾语从句有动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。
（1）动词的宾语从句
They know that the habit may kill them.定语从句
他们知道这个习惯会害死他们。
They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student.
他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。
They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service定语从句.
他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。
（2）介词的宾语从句
一般情况下介词后只能接wh- 类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except, besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。
We are talking about what we’ll do next.
我们正在讨论下一步做什么。
I know nothing about him except that he lives here.
对于他，我只知道他住在这儿，其他一无所知。
他和他的同学们不同的地方在于他把业余时间用在读书上了。
（3）形容词的宾语从句
sure, certain , pleased , happy , afraid , surprised, sorry 等表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句。
I’m not sure whether they will agree to such a plan.
我不确定他们是否同意这样一个计划。
I’ m afraid that you have been given the wrong address.
恐怕给你的地址不对。
3. 宾语从句应注意的问题。
（1）宾语从句中whether和if可互换，但作介词宾语或句中有or not时，用whether.
I am not sure whether /if he will come.
=I am not sure whether he will come or not .
我拿不准他是否会来这儿。
It depends on whether you can do the work wel l.
这取决于你能否把工作做好。
（2）it 作形式宾语
在宾语从句中，it通常作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放到句末。这种用法通常有两种情况：
①find, consider, think, feel , believe , make 等动词后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。
I have made it clear that I will not accept the job.
我已表明我不会接受这份工作。
He feels it his duty that he should serve the people heart and soul.
他觉得全心全意为人民服务是他的职责。
②有些动词或短语如enjoy, love , like , hate, appreciate , take , see to , insist on , depend / rely on 等接宾语从句时，习惯上在从句前加形式宾语it。
You may depend on it(形式宾语) that I shall always help you.
你可以信赖的是我会一直帮助你。
I would appreciate it if you could give me a hand.
如果你能帮我一把，我会很感激（你的）。
I hate it when people ask me for money.
我不喜欢别人向我借钱。
（3）否定前置
在由I / We think (consider, suppose(猜想) , believe , expect , guess, imagine)等引导的从句里，如果含有否定含义，往往把否定词由从句转移到主句，构成否定前置。
I don’t(否定前置)think he can finish the work on time.
我认为他无法按时完成工作。
I don’t suppose he cares, does he?
我想他不在意，是吗？
（4）宾语从句的语序
宾语从句中的语序要用陈述语序。
They couldn’t understand why I turned down his invitation.
他们不理解我为什么拒绝了他的邀请。
He asked what was the matter with my computer.
他问我电脑出什么故障了。
（5）宾语从句的时态
如果主句中的谓语动词是现在时态，从句中的谓语动词不受主句谓语动词时态的影响，可以根据需要使用任何时态。如果主句的时态是过去时态，从句一般应与主句的时态保持一致，但从句表示的是真理或客观事实时，从句的时态要用一般现在时态。
He says he is going to swim with his friend tomorrow.
他说他打算明天和朋友去游泳。
The teacher asked the students what they were doing.
老师问学生们在干什么。
Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。
（6）宾语从句中that的省略
在that引导的宾语从句中，that无任何意义，不充当任何成分，常省略。
Make sure that all the lights are turned off before you leave.
你走前务必关掉所有的灯。
但在下列情况中that一般不省略：
①动词后有两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省略，其余的that 一般都不能省略。
I believe that you have done your best and that things will improve.
我相信你已经尽力了，一切都会好起来的。
②主句的谓语和that之间有插入语时，that不能省略。
He announced, believe it or not, that he would never forgive her.
他宣布，信不信由你，他绝不会原谅她。
③作介词的宾语时，that不可省略。
Your composition is well written except that there are a few spelling mistakes.
你的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。
④it作形式宾语，宾语补足语之后有that引导的宾语从句时，that不可省略。
We think it highly probable that he is dead.
我们认为他很有可能死了。
（7）在动词insist，suggest，demand，order，propose 等后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其结构为（should）+ 动词原形。
He suggested the meeting be put off.
他建议会议延期。
I demand that one of you should go there at once.
我要求你们中有一人立即到那里去。
即学即用：
1. We are wondering our teacher will come to the party or not.
A．if B．that C．why D．whether
2. —Do you remember _________he came?
—Yes, I do. He came by car.
A. how
B. when
C. that
D. if
3. He said ______he had eaten nothing for a long time and ______he was very hungry.
A. that ; /
B. / ; that
C. / ; /
D. what ; what
4. We can not figure out quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.
A. that
B. as
C. why
D. when
5. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire to do is walking in space.
A. where
B. what
C. that
D. how
2．表语从句中需要注意的问题
（1）在表语从句中that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不能省略。
The trouble is that we are short of funds.
困难是我们资金短缺。
The fact is that he has not been seen recently.
事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
（2）引导表语从句时，whether不能用if替换。
The problem is whether the book will be published.
问题是这本书是否会出版。
3. 从属连词as if / though ; because 引导的表语从句
从属连词as if / though 引导的表语从句常置于look，seem，sound等系动词后面，常用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。而because引导的表语从句通常只用于This / That / It is / was because …结构中。
It seemed as if the rain would never stop.
看起来雨要下个没完了。
The little boy talked as if he were an adult.
这个小男孩讲起话来像个大人似的。
I think it is because he was too careless.
我想这是因为他太粗心了。
4. 主语是表示建议、计划、要求、命令（suggestion, advice, order, request, proposal , plan ，idea）等的名词时，其后的表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省略。
My suggestion is that we should start off at once.
我的建议是我们应当立刻动身。
My proposal is that we should think it over before accepting it.
我的提议是在接受之前我们应当仔细考虑。
5. 在That’s why…句型中，why引导的是表语从句，而在T he reason why…is/was that 句型中，why引导的是定语从句，that引导的是表语从句，表示“……原因是……”.
That’s why I want you to work there.
那就是我为什么想让你去那儿工作的原因。
The reason why I was late for the meeting was that my car broke down on the way.
我（昨天）开会迟到的原因是我的车在路上抛锚了。
即学即用：
1. The reason _______ he didn’t come to our party was _______ he took a missing boy back home on his way.
A. why…because
B. why…that
C. that…why
D. t hat…that
2. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and that’s ___________ I disagree.
A. where
B. why
C. what
D. how
3. The trouble is __________we are short of tools.
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. why
4. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _________ I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason
B. That’s why
C. There’s why
D. It’s how
5. What the doctors really doubt is________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when
B. how
C. whether
D. why
6. What surprises us most is _____she doesn’t even know _________the difference between the two opinions lies.
A. what; where
B. what; what
C. that ; where
D. that ; what
7. —I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply.
—Oh, that was probably _____ I was seeing the doctor.
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. that
8. —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that _________ you had a few days off ?
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. where
9. —I felt sick!
8. As his best friend , I can make accurate guesses about ___he will do or think.
A. what
B. which
C. whom
D. that
9. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. one
10. The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. who
11. The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where
B. how
C. when
D. why
12. The how—To book can be of help to wants to do the job.
A. who
B. whomever
C. no matter who
D. whoever
预习导学—-Unit 4 Astronomy : the science of the stars
重点单词
system n. 系统；体系；制度
religion n.宗教；宗教信仰
theory n.学说；理论
globe n.球体；地球仪；地球
violent adj.猛烈的，激烈的
atmosphere n.大气层；气氛
unlike prep.不同；不像
fundamental adj.基本的；基础的
harmful adj. 有害的，伤害的
chain n.链子；连锁；锁链
oxygen n.氧
exist vi. 存在；生存
thus adv. 因此；于是
puzzle n.谜；难题
vi.& vt.（使）迷惑；（使）为难
biology n.生物学
biologist n.生物学家
gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的
physicist n. 物理学家
climate n. 气候
crash vi. & vt.碰撞；坠落
pull n. & vt. 拉；拖；牵引力
float vi. & vt.（使）浮动；（使）漂浮
n.漂浮物
重点短语
in time 及时；最终；迟早
in one’ s turn 轮到某人；接着
prevent...from 使……不做某事；阻止……做某事
cheer up 感到高兴，感到振奋
now that 既然，由于
depend on 依赖，依靠
break out (灾难、战争等)突发；爆发
watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
重（难）点句型
1. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion yeas ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
△句型结构分析。
2. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time to produce the water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’ s atmosphere.
△ be + to do 结构
3. This produced a chain reaction , which made it possible for life to develop.
△it作形式宾语。
4. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
△倍数表达法
【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）
一. 单项选择
*1. You can only be sure of ______ you have at present；you cannot be sure of something ______ you might get in the future．
A．that；what B．what；／C．which；that D．／；that
2. When the man was trying to break into the bank , he was caught by the police _______.
A. in a spot
B. on the spot
C. off the spot
D. to the spot
3. On the top of the mountain, you can get a wonderful _____of the nearby hills.
A. view
B. sight
C. look
D. sign
**4. ______if you passed the exam you would receive a reward was telling lies.
A. Whoever told you that
B. Those who told you that
C. No matter who told you
D. Whoever told you
5. Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and entertaining, many people do not have the ____to read a book that requires thinking .
A. courage
B. wisdom
C. patience
D. freedom
6. Why not try your luck downtown , Bob? That’s _____the best jobs are.
A. where
B. what
C. when
D. why
7. Most importantly, parents should choose correct ways to ______their children.
A. bring up
B. bring down
C. bring in
D. bring out
8. It is a specially protected area. People are not ______to cut down trees and hunt animals.
A. permitted
B. allowing
C. advised
D. permitting
9. —How do you _______your long absence from classes without asking for leave?
—I have nothing to say.
A. account
B. account for
C. count
D. count for
10. It doesn’t seem ugly to me . _____, I think it is rather beautiful.
A. On the contrary
B. On a contrary
C. On one contrary
D. On contrary
11. It is very _____of her to leave without telling us.
A. polite
B. politely
C. rude
D. rudely
12. Older people may ____their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children.
A. seek
B. scream
C. bow
D. spot
13. It is ____that the same event repeated itself years later in the same place.
A. unable
B. unbelievable
C. independent
D. impressive
*14. In the earthquake, parents are willing to do _____they could _____their children.
A. whatever, save
B. whatever, to save
C. what , saving
D. what , to save
22. A. stand B. smile C. speak D. sit
23. A. pleasant B. bitter C. ugly D. difficult
24. A. chatted B. discussed C. drank D. greeted
25. A. turned out B. turned up C. came out D. came up
26. A. families B. beliefs C. hobbies D lives
27. A. popular with B. fond of C. familiar to D. concerned in
28. A. friends B. churches C. writings D. books
29. A. friendly B. happy C. attractive D. usual
30. A. hurt B. impressed C. changed D. defeated
31. A. fame B. wealth C. interest D. appearance
32. A. and B. or C. but D. also
33. A. fear B. wonder C. defeat D. anger
34. A. dream B. surface C. imagination D. time
35. A. it B. they C. which D. what
A. To keep the evil spirits and the unpleasant smell of some people away.
B. To cover the unpleasant smell of her.
C. To bring good luck to the bridesmaids.
D. To throw it exactly to the one she wanted to give.
38. What do we know about the wedding customs in the past from the third paragraph?
A. The bridesmaids wore completely different dresses from the brides.
B. The bridesmaids also needed to wear veils over their faces.
C. The groom could refuse to marry his bride if he didn’t like her.
D. The groom and the bride didn’t see each other until the wedding.
39. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. In order to avoid evil spirits, the bride had to wear her veil.
B. In wedding customs, blue is the symbol of purity.
C. Single girls are very happy to catch the bride’s flowers.
D. The bride and her bridesmaids dressed similarly to avoid being recognized by evil spirits.
40. All of the following are mentioned in this passage EXCEPT .
A. brides’ flowers
B. brides’ clothes
C. grooms’ clothes
D. brides’ veils
B
If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise, and as a result, we are growing old unnecessarily soon.
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why quite healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a rather early age, and how the speed of getting old could be slowed down.
With a team of researchers at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain sizes of a thousand people of different ages with different jobs.
Computer technology helped the researchers to get most exact measurements of the sizes of the front and side parts of the brain, which have something to do with thinking and feeling, and decide the human character. As we all know, the back part of the brain, which controls tasks like eating and breathing, does not contract (萎缩) with age.
Contraction of front and side parts, as cells die off, was seen in some people in their thirties, but it was still not found in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.
Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to prevent the contraction—using the head.
The findings show that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than those in the towns. Those with least possibility, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White-collar workers doing the same work day after day in government offices are, however, as possible to have contracting brains as the farm workers, bus drivers and shop assistants.
41. The team of doctors wanted to find out ________ .
A. at what point people grow mentally old
B. how to make people live longer
C. the size of certain people’s brains
D. which group of people are the busiest
42. Their research findings are based on ________ .
A. an examination of farmers in northern Japan
B. examining the brain sizes of different people
C. tests given on a thousand old people
D. using computer technology
43. The doctor’s tests show that ________ .
A. our brains contract as we grow older
B. one part of the brain contract
C. sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-olds
D. contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country
44. According to the article, ________ are growing mentally old earlier.
A. engineers
B. professors
C. office clerks
D. researchers
45. The most possible conclusion of the article is that ________ .
【试题答案】
一．单项选择
1. B 第一个空考查宾语从句，宾语从句中have缺少宾语，故用what引导；第二个空为定语从句，从句中缺宾语，故省略关系代词或用that
2. B 考查spot短语的用法。句意：那个人试图闯入银行时，被警察当场抓获了。on the spot 在现场，当场，符合句意。in a spot 陷入困境；off the spot 不准确，离题。
3. A 考查固定搭配。get a view of 为固定搭配，意为“看到……的景色.”
4. A whoever相当于anyone who, 引导主语从句, 不可替换为no matter who that引导宾语从句, 宾语从句又含有一个由if引导的条件状语从句.
5. C 考查名词辨析。句意：习惯于一切都是快节奏和娱乐的电视后，许多人已失去耐心阅读需要思考的书本了。courage表示“勇气”；wisdom 表示“智慧”；freedom表示“自由”，均不符合题意，故排除。
6. A 句意：鲍勃，你为什么不去市中心试试运气呢？那里有最好的工作。that is 后是一个表语从句，由上句的downtown可知，此处选where。when 表示时间；why表示原因。
7. A 句意：最重要的是，父母应当选择正确的方法教育孩子。bring up 意为“抚养，教育”，符合题意。bring down “打垮，击败”；bring in “引进”；bring out“使显现”。
8. A 句意：那是个特别保护区。里面严禁砍伐树木和捕杀动物。由前句“本地区为特别保护区”，再加上后句的not可知，应用permit，意为“准许，许可”，又因people与permit之间为被动关系，故用permitted。
9. B 句意：“你如何解释你不请假而长期缺课的行为？”，“我无话可说”。account for “作出解释，导致”，符合句意。account “说明，总计有” count “数，计算”；count for “有价值”。
10. A 考查固定搭配。句意：我觉得它并不丑，恰恰相反，它很美。on the contrary“与此相反，正相反”，为固定搭配。
11. C 句意：她不向我们打声招呼就走了，这是非常不礼貌的。rude “粗鲁的；无礼的”符合句意。rudely “粗暴地；无礼地”，polite “有礼貌的；有教养的”，politely “客气地；优雅地”。
12. A 句意：老年人可以寻找自己的朋友而不会在情感上太依赖他们的子女。seek “探索；寻求”，符合句意。scream “尖叫”；bow “鞠躬；弯腰”；spot “认出；发现”。13. B 句意：令人难以置信的是多年后在同一个地方又发生此类事件。unbelievable “难以置信的”符合句意。unable “不能的，不会的”；independent “独立自主的”；impressive“给人印象深刻的”
14. B 句意：在地震中，父母愿做他们任何能做的事情来挽救自己的孩子。whatever 引导名词性从句作do的宾语，to save their children 为不定式短语表目的。
15. A 句意：当你在面试中回答问题时，请牢记一条黄金定律：永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。宾语从句中的动词want缺宾语，必须用what来引导；当表示在有限范围内选择时才用which。
二. 完形填空
16—20 CDABA 21—25 CBDAA
26—30 DBDCA 31—35 DCABC
三. 阅读理解
36—40 BADAC 41—45 ABDCB
四. 书面表达
One possible version:
Several days ago, our class had a heated discussion about whether middle school students should listen to pop songs or not. Some students think pop songs should be available to us students so that we can be in fashion. Besides, listening to pop songs can relax ourselves and release us from the heavy stress. At the same time, we can have more topics to talk about if we listen to the same pop songs. On the contrary, the other students think it is not proper for middle school students to listen to pop songs. In their eyes, it will have a bad effect on their studies if they are addicted to pop songs. Furthermore, pop songs are not as meaningful as other types of music, such as classic music and folk music. They also think that it may waste time and money to listen to pop songs.
人教版必修三Unit3语法讲专题练习：宾语从句和表语从句(最新整理)
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空 1．The trouble is that I can’t find my way. 2．We are discussing what we shall do to help the poor. 3．It depends on whether you can do the work well. 4．I wonder how you are getting on with your studies. 5．He got caught in the heavy traffic.That was why he was late. 6．Energy is what makes things work. 7．We didn’t set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back. 8．We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. Ⅱ.单项填空 1．—Can you join us in the party this evening? —Well, that depends on ________ I can finish my report before then. A．whether B．if C．that D．when 解析：选A。句意：“你今天晚上能参加我们的聚会吗？”“嗯，那得看到时候我的报 告能不能完成。”连词whether表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。if表示“是否”，不引导介词的宾语从句；that没有意义；when“当……时”。 2．I don’t think ________ possible ________ one can master a foreign language without much memory work. A．it; whether B．it; that C．which; whether D．this; that 解析：选B。it在句中作形式宾语；possible作宾补；真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句。 3．He said________he had eaten nothing for a long time and________he was very hungry. A．that; 不填B．不填；that C．不填；不填D．what; what 解析：选B。考查宾语从句中that的省略问题。said后接了两个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个从句中的that可省略，后面的that不可省略。 4．The reason for his coming to China was ________ he wanted to study Chinese medicine. A．that B．what
宾语从句与表语从句.
【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 名词性从句——宾语从句与表语从句 二. 知识精讲 在复合句中起名词性作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此名词从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 （一）宾语从句 1. 概念及引导词 在复合句中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有连接代词（who, whom, whose , what , which, whoever , whatever, whichever ）、连接副词(when , where , how, why )及从属连词(that , whether, if ). 例：John said （that）he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。 I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。 She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就起什么名字。 That depends on where we shall go. 那取决于我们去哪儿。 2. 宾语从句的种类 常见的宾语从句有动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。 （1）动词的宾语从句 They know that the habit may kill them.定语从句 他们知道这个习惯会害死他们。 They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。 They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service定语从句. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。 （2）介词的宾语从句 一般情况下介词后只能接wh- 类连接词引导的宾语从句，但but, except, besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。 We are talking about what we’ll do next. 我们正在讨论下一步做什么。 I know nothing about him except that he lives here. 对于他，我只知道他住在这儿，其他一无所知。
宾语从句和表语从句要点归纳
宾语从句和表语从句 一、宾语从句要点归纳 ★宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。 ★that在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时，通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略，其余从句的that一般不能省略。如： My uncle said (that) he would come and that he would also bring his son. ★whether和if都意为“是否”，通常情况下，二者都可以引导宾语从句；但在介词之后或与or not连用时，只能用whether。注意：当whether与or not 不连在一起时，口语中可用if取代whether，当然也可以用whether。如： I don't know if / whether there will be trains any more. They are worrying about whether they can get there in time. I don't know whether or not I should take his advice. I'm not sure if / whether the train will arrive on time o r not. ★有时可用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句后置。如： We have made it clear that we will learn to deal with var ious difficult problems. ★在第一人称I / we与动词 think, expect, believe, guess, suppose等连用，后接宾语从句时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，形成否定前移。如： I don't suppose you're used to this diet. 二、表语从句要点归纳 ★表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 ★可接表语从句的词除系动词be外，还有 appear, become, look, remain, seem, sound等连系动词。如：
宾语从句和表语从句详解与练习
宾语从句和表语从句详解 名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。 例如：What they are doing seems very important．（主语从句） 他们在做的事似乎很重要。 My hope is that he will be the best student in the class．（表语从句） 我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。 Nobody knows who he is．（宾语从句） 大家都不知道他是谁。 I don't like the idea that money is everything．（同位语从句） 我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。 引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。 【宾语从句】 在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if；连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，why，how等。 例如：Do you know where the Greens live I have no interest in how rich he is． 宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构： 1．由that引导的宾语从句（that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略） The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets． that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，imagine，wonder，know，suppose，see，believe，agree，admit，deny，expect，explain，order，command，feel，dream，suggest，hear，mean，notice，prefer，request，require，propose，declare，report等后。 当主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例如：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that．（＝I think it is not right for him …．） that不能省略的情况： （1）当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。如： He said （that）you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you． （2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。如： Just then I noticed，for the first time，that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap． （3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如： I can’t tell him that his mother died． 2．由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，show，find out，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，discover，understand，inform，advise等。
3.3 宾语从句 表语从句 教案
教学过程 一、课堂导入 概念引入 She doesn’t know (th at) her father is seriously ill. 她不知道她父亲病得很严重。 Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 你可以告诉我怎么去火车站吗？The problem is when they can get there. 问题是他们什么时候能到那儿。 The problem is whether we can replace her. 问题是我们能否替换她。
二、复习预习 复习什么是宾语和表语，列举作宾语和表语的词性。
三、知识讲解 知识点1：宾语从句的定义 置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。有些形容词（afraid ,sure ,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。 She doesn’t know (that) her father is seriously ill. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 划线部分是宾语从句。
【考查点1】宾语从句的引导词 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whom, whose, what ,which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。 She reminded me that I had a meeting to attend. I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party. None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
(完整版)人教版高一英语必修3宾语从句与表语从句详细讲解及练习
名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主语从句：Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句：I want to know what he has told you. 表语从句：The fact is that we have lost the game. 同位语从句：The news that we won the game is exciting. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词：when ,where ,how ,why Object Clauses 宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 句子结构：主句+连词(引导词)+ 宾语从句 e.g. She asked if these answers were right. We can learn what we do not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A. I don’t know where we will hold the meeting. 通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 1)Could you tell me______. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here 2) Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school. A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had 3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture. A. what B. if C. where D. how 二、连接词 1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 1）、I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2）、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时，it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）（此时that一定不可以省略）
(完整word版)宾语从句表语从句练习题(含答案)
宾语从句表语从句专项复习 一．单项选择 1. He asked ________ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked →She asked ________. A. I have already got wel l, hadn’t you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well. 3 Could you tell me ___? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 4. “Please close the window,” he said to me. →He ______ me _____ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close 5. Call you tell me why _______ yesterday? A. you didn't come B. did you not come C. didn't you come D. you don't come 6. Jack isn't sure _______ students there are in his class. A. how many B. what C. which D. whether 7.children find ____interesting to play computer games. A. that B. which C. it D. he 8. He wanted to know how long _______ in hospital. A. she is staying B. she had stayed C. did she stay D. she stay 9. He said that light _______ much faster than sound. A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling 10. He said that April _______ the _______ month of a year. A. is, third B. is, fourth C. was, fourth D. was, third 11. I don't think _______ I _______ out the problem. A. if, can work B. how, will work C. that, can work D. when, will work 12. We are sure _______ he _______ to speak English well. A. that, learned B. that, has learned C. if, learned D. if, has learned 13. -- I don't know if he _______ .-- He will come if it _______ . A. comes, won't rain B. will come, doesn't rain C. comes, doesn't D. will come, won't rain 14. That is __ ___ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what
高中英语巩固练习 宾语从句和表语从句
巩固练习 选择适当的引导词 1.You'll have to decide _______ car we'll use, yours or mine. (which/whose) 2.You'll have to decide _______ car we'll use, the old one or the new one. (which/whose) 3.You'll have to decide _______ we'll use the new car for .(what/which) 4.You'll have to decide _______ we'll use the new car. (whether/what) 5.I believe _______ he said is true. (what/which) 6.Make sure_______ the door is licked before you leave the lab. (that/which) 7.I wonder ______ it is true or not. (whether/which) 8.She doesn't know _______ she should stay at home. (whether/that) 用所给动词或动词短语的适当形式填空。 1.After a careful examination, Doctor Johnson asked me what I ______ (have)for the breakfast. 2.The voyage proved that the earth ______ (be) round. 3.Our teacher suggested he ______ (hand in) his homework before class. 4.The teacher demanded that we ______ (go) home before hand in the exercise books. 5.I insisted that Tom _______ (do) the work at once. 6.–My father will be here tomorrow. 7.–Oh, I thought that he _____ (e ) today. 8.Have you decided when you _____ (leave) Canada? 9.I really don't know when she _____(e).If she ______ (e), I will tell you at once. 10.He said he ______ (e) if he had time. 完成句子 1. Jill was ill. That was ___________________________(她为什么没来上课). (fail) 2. We have not lost the hope __________________________(他总有一天会出现). (turn) 3. The question is _____________________________(这本小说是否值得一读). (worth) 4. ______________________________(谁会去参加会议) is a question. (attend) 5. I have no idea ______________________(我们如何开始这项工作). (start) 6. I find it difficult _________________________(任务应该被完成) in two days. (fulfill) 7. It was suggested ___________________________(推迟会议). (put) 8. The professor gave us a report on _________________________(我们如何学好英语). (learn) 9. ________________________(玛丽将嫁给约翰) is certain. (marry) 10. I am wondering ____________________________(我的室友去哪里了). (go) 11. (2016 北京东城期末) Tell your friend _________________. 跟你的朋友表示你关心他。 12. (2016 北京东城期末) It is important _________________.我们应该遵守诺言，这很重要。单项填空 1．—I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week． Is that ______you had a few days off? — A．why B．when C．what D．where 2．I ask her _____ e with me． A．if she will B．if will she C．whether will she D．will she 3．It was a matter of _______ would take the position． A．who B．whoever C．whom D．whomever
宾语从句和表语从句详解
宾语从句和表语从句详解 各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢 名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即由if，whether，that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。 例如：What they are doing seems very important.(主语从句) 他们在做的事似乎很重要。 My hope is that he will be the best student in the class.(表语从句) 我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。 Nobody knows who he is.(宾语从句) 大家都不知道他是谁。 I don’t like the idea that money is
everything.(同位语从句) 我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。 引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。 宾语从句 在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that，whether，if;连接代词who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever; 连接副词when，where，why，how等。 例如：Do you know where the Greens live? I have no interest in how rich he is. 宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构： 1.由that引导的宾语从句(that 引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略) The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. that引导的宾语从句多用于say，think，insist，wish，hope，demand，
表语从句详解资料
表语从句详解
表语从句详解 一、概念 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句.放在系动词之后,一般结构是主语+系动词+表语从句可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等. 可以接表语从句的系动词有： 1.be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were) 2. feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell 3. stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay 4. become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall 5. prove, turn out The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺. That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因. At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来. 引导表语从句的词： 从属连词that、whether、as though、 as if（That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略.） 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等； 关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等. 由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句. that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、是否.这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等.表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化.例如： The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱. The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋. The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了. What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣. 由关系代词引导的表语从句.
高中英语宾语从句+表语从句练习
宾语从句专项练习 一、选择填空： ( ) 1. It's so dark. I can't find out _______ it's a boy _______ a girl. A. if, and B. that, and C. either, or D. whether, or ( ) 2. Could you tell me if he _______ to Shanghai? A. has gone B. had gone C. went D. go ( ) 3. He told me _______ she would catch the early bus. A. which B. whether C. why D. that ( ) 4. Mrs. Green asked me _______ I would go with her. A. what B. which C. why D. that ( ) 5. I don't know _______ the coat _______ cheap enough. A. if, is B. where,were C. that ,was D. if, were ( ) 6. Call you tell me why _______ yesterday? A. you didn't come B. did you not come C. didn't you come D. you don't come ( ) 7. He said that they _______ Yunnan. A. have been to B. had gone to C. have gone to D. has gone to ( ) 8. Jack isn't sure _______ students there are in his class. A. how many B. what C. which D. whether ( ) 9. Can you tell me _______ yesterday? A. what they do B. what they did C. what do they do D. what did they do ( ) 10. I want to know _______ his homework yesterday evening. A. if he finished B. whether he had finished C. had she finished D. has she finished
英语必修3第三单元语法宾语从句和表语从句讲解
英语必修3第三单元语法宾语从句和表语从句讲解、 练习 Unit 3 Grammar Noun Clauses 名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，在复合句中可分别作主语、表语、宾语和同位语。 名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 一The Objective Clause 宾语从句 在复合句中作宾语的从句称作宾语从句，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词和非限定动词及某些形容词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有连词that，if，whether；连接代词who，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，how， why等。 1)I think women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science. 2) I wonder she remembered how many babies she had delivered. 3) Do you know Jack was speaking to 4) He asked it was. 5) Pay attention to the doctor said. 6) Please tell me the earthquake took place. 7) Will you tell me I can keep fit and healthy 做动词的宾语 (1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：He doesn’t know where the post office is. (2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：He told me what I should read． (3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语 it 而将从句放到补足语后面； I thought it strange that he failed to call me． (4)在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式。I don’t think you are right． (5) 在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及I’m afraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句。 一Do you believe it will clear up 一I believe so. I don't believe so. (或I believe not.) 做介词的宾语 Did she say anything how we should do the work Your article is all right that it is too long．
第十一讲 宾语从句和表语从句
宾语从句 宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1.连接词连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人） 1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在whether … or not 结构中不能用if 替换。3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他 2.判断时态情况： 1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。 eg．He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk. They know (that) he is working hard. 2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句是客观真理时，用一般现在时。 He answered that he was listening to me. Father told me that practice makes perfect . 3. 注意：A 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。 I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours. You may depend on it that I shall always help you, C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。 I don’t think he likes the English teacher. 注意：引导词that在宾语从句中的用法（that 不能省略的情况） 当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略; eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better． 当宾语从句有it做形式宾语时eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him． 当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时; if,whether在宾语从句中的用法 ① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词 后一般不用if ② whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以 ③ . 在不定式前只能用whether. 如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下 ④避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if 表语从句 定义：表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。位于系动词之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。The problem is puzzling. The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 主语连系动词形容词作表语主语连系动词一个句子作表语---表语从句结构：主句+系动词+表语从句 连接表语从句与主句的关系词主要有三类： 1. 从属连词：that（无有词义，不可省略）, whether （表示是否时，只能用whether引导表语从句） 2. 关系代词：who（主格）whom（宾格）,whose（所有格what（什么）,which（哪个，哪些） 3. 关系副词：when（什么时候）where（什么地方）why（为什么）, how（怎样）例如： The fact is that we have lost the game. That’s just what I want. This is where our problem lies. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain.
宾语从句和表语从句用法归纳
I、宾语从句 宾语从句，即：在复合句中充当主句宾语的从句，也可以作介词或某些形容词的宾语。 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态。 【宾语从句的引导词】 引导宾语从句的词有：连词that, if, whether；连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which；连接副词when, where, how, why等。 (1) 从句为陈述句，常用连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 Mary knew (that) she should work hard. 玛丽知道她应当努力学习。 (2) 从句为一般疑问句，常用连接词if或whether；在whether... or not结构中whether不能用if替换。 Nobody knew whether / if he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试。 (3) 从句为特殊疑问句，常用what, when, where, which, who, how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 I wonder what happened to him. 我想知道他出什么事了。 【宾语从句的语序】 牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。这里特别强调的是，它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序，不是疑问句的倒装语序。 Do you know whose house it is? 你知道那是谁的房子吗？ You must remember what your teacher said. 你们必须记住老师说的话。 【宾语从句的时态】 宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受主句谓语时态的制约，所以要注意主、从句时态的一致和相应变化。如： 译：她说她喜欢健康食物。 误：She said that she likes healthy food. 正：She said that she liked healthy food. 析：因为主句谓语是said，所以从句谓语就该用过去时liked了。 注意：这种时态的呼应，如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制；另外,如果主句时态是过去时，宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时的某种形式。 II、表语从句 表语从句，即：在复合句中作主句的表语，对主语的内容加以补充，有时说明主语的状态。【典例呈现】 ①The problem is how we can find him. ②My idea is that we should do it at once. ③The question is whether he is honest. 【接表语从句的连系动词】 可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear, remain等。如： It looked as if it was going to snow.天看起来要下雪了。 It appears that he had a taste for music. 看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力。 The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。 【表语从句的引导词】 表语从句常用的引导词有：连词that, whether, as, as if(though)；连接代词who, what, which；连接副词when, where, why, how等。 ①引导表语从句的that通常不省略，但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略。 The fact is (that) we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。