比较结构的翻译
英语 比较结构的翻译

• 英语中常见的比较结构主要包括比较级, 递增或递减式比较,强化式比较,否定式 比较,选择式比较等。
一、比较级
• 比较级包括超越、相等和差逊三种情况。 • 1)超越。表示超越的比较结构主要有: • better than(胜过,优于), • more than+从句(多余,超过), • “than +关系代词”的从句(再……不过), • superior to(占优势,比……胜一筹)。
• 例如:
• Doing is better than saying.百说不如 一做
• She has talked more than what is necessary.她说了一些多余的话 He is superior to his elder brother. 他比他哥哥强
• He is a scholar than whom no man ever will be more honest.
(四)not so much as…句型
not so much as…这个结构相当于“not even… ”, 所以通常翻译为“甚至不…,甚至没 有…”。
• I am no more a poet than he is a scholar.
一、as… as…句型
(一)as… as…句型
她和以前一样对音乐感兴趣。 最近,我国的经济发展和以前一样稳定
She is as much interested in music as ever.
The economic development in our country is as stable recently as formerly.
跟as…as…句型相反的结构 not as (or so)…as…表示两者的程度
no less … than等七种比较结构中的否定现象翻译

一、no less … than等七种比较结构中的否定现象翻译英语中表示比较的句型相当多,如果句型中插进了一个否定词,其意义和用法就很难掌握。
下面介绍几种常见的表达方式:1.no better than:表示“和……一样;实际等于……”,如:1) He is no better than a beggar. 他实际上等于一个乞丐。
2) The patient is no better than he was yesterday. 病人的情况和昨天一样。
3) He has no better a say in the matter than I have. 他和我一样在这件事上没有发言权。
2.not. . . any more than或no more. . . than:表示“同……一样不”,如:1) I could no more do that than you. I could not do that any more than you. 你不能做这件事,我也不能做。
2) He is not a poet any more than I am a scholar. 我不是一个学者,他也不是一个诗人。
3) This story is no more interesting than that one. 这个故事和那个故事一样没有趣味。
4) He is no more able to read German than I am. 他和我一样都不懂德语。
3.not so much. . . as:表示“与其……不如……”1)He is not so much a writer as a reporter. 他与其说是个作家,不如说是个记者。
2)Your explanation does not so much enlighten us as confuse us. 你的解释没有起到启发作用,反而把我们弄糊涂了。
常见的八种逻辑关系级翻译技巧

常见的八种逻辑关系1,并列关系:and, and also, or, neither…nor, either…or, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, thatis to say, as well as, same…as2,递进关系:then, also, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more3,因果关系:becaus e, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so(such) … that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, in response to, with, for this reason, lead to, too…to4,转折关系:but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of5,让步关系:although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of6,列举关系:first—second—last of all, first—then, to begin with—to continue/next, on one hand—onthe other hand, for one thing—for another thing, one—another, some—others—still others7,举例关系:such as, for example, for instance, of these/those/them, among these/those/them, to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically speaking, namely8,总结关系:in all, in brief, in short, in a word, in conclusion, altogether, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude, to generalize, to put it in one word翻译技巧技巧之一:“定语从句”的翻译总的原则: ”长后短前” (和主句比)类定语从句:1)、限定性(没逗号);2)、非限定性(有逗号).1)、限定性定语从句:A. 较短--- 直译为前置定语, 并加”的”;e.g. It is the book which interets me.这是一本我感兴趣(的)书.B. 较长--- 译为另一个分句, 重复先行词;e.g. They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.他们正在为实现一个理想而努力, 这个理想是每个中国人所珍惜的, 在过去, 许多中国人曾为这个理想牺牲了自己的生命.(重复先行词”理想”)2) 非限定性定语从句:A. 较短--- 直译为前置定语, 加”的”;e.g. But Miggle's laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence.但是米格尔富有感染力的笑声打破了静默.B. 较长--- 译为并列分句, 重复先行词或用代词替代.e.g. I told the story to John, who told it to his brother.我把这件事告诉了约翰, 约翰(他)又告诉了他的弟弟.(重复先行词约翰或用代词”他”替代)技巧之二:“同位语从句”的翻译四种翻译方法:1)、译为独立的句子;2)、“名转动, 从变宾”;3)、“这、那复指”;4)、主谓词组作定语.1)、译为独立的句子:适用条件: 同位语较长, 或以插入语形式出现,或同时满足以上两者.解决办法: 把同位语从句译为独立的句子, 用”认为……”, “就是……”, “即……”, 冒号, 破折号或括号等引出.e.g. My grandfather was obviously wrong in his opinion that a woman`s place was in the home. 我祖父的观点, 即所谓女人的位置应该在家里, 很明显是错误的.2)、“名转动, 从变宾”:适用条件: 先行词在主句中作宾语.解决办法: 把同位语从句修饰的名词转译为动词, 而把同位语从句译成宾语.e.g. He expressed the hope that he could visit our city again.他希望他能再次访问我们的城市.3)、“这、那复指”:适用条件: 先行词在主句中作主语.解决办法: 先把同位语从句的内容翻译出来,在后面用”这”或”那”等代词复指同位语从句的内容, 使其与句子主体连接起来.e.g. The dictum that the style is the man is known to most of us.文如其人, 这句名言为我们大多数人所熟悉.4)、主谓词组作定语:适用条件: 先行词在主句中作主语.解决办法: 把同位语从句翻译成主谓词组, 放在先行词前面充当定语.e.g. Yet, from the beginning, the fact that I was alive was ignored.然而, 从一开始, 我仍然活着的事实就被忽略了.技巧之三“定语转译”1) 定语转译为谓语(动词):e.g. Neutron has a mass slightly larger than that of proton.中子的质量(是)略大于质子的质量.2) 定语转译为状语:适用条件: 定语所修饰的名词或名词性词组在主句中作为动词或介词的宾语出现.e.g. Scientists in that country are now supplied with necessary books, equipment and assistant that will ensure success in their scientific research.两种译法:1) 定语从句”长后短前”译法(重复先行词):现在已给该国科学家提供了必要的图书、仪器和助手, 这些将保证科研工作的成功.2) “定语转译”译法(转译为目的状语):现在已给该国科学家提供了必要的图书、仪器和助手, 以保证科研工作的成功.技巧之四:“后置定语的翻译”总的原则: “英语定语多后置, 汉语定语多前置” 最常见的两种长后置定语的翻译方法:1) 介宾形式的长后置定语;2) 非谓语动词形式的长后置定语.1) 介宾形式的长后置定语:适用条件: 由多个介宾短语并列构成, 通常为了符合英文的行文习惯, 介宾短语表示的范围一般为由小到大.解决方法: 按照汉语的行文习惯, 变换顺序为由大到小.e.g.1 In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp (of the basic features) (of the Canadian Constitution) can do a competent job on political stories. (2007年, 49题)e.g.2 But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration (of rules) (of conduct) (in business).(2006年, 49题)e.g.3 But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding (of the established conventions and special responsibilities) (of the news media.) (2007年, 48题)2) 非谓语动词形式的长后置定语:适用条件: 由非谓语构成的短语结构, 其逻辑上的主语就是被修饰的名词性结构.解决方法: 将其单独译为一个分句, doing表示主动/正在, done表示被动/完成,to do表示意愿/将来. e.g.4 On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge (made by some of his critics) that,while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.(2008年, 48题)技巧之五:“宾语从句的翻译”总的原则: 英文中的谓语动词、非谓语动词和介词都可以带宾语, 也都可以带宾语从句.最常见的两种宾语从句类型:1) 普通宾语从句;2) it作形式宾语的宾语从句.1) 普通宾语从句:一般不改变原句顺序, 即采用“顺译法”.e.g.1 I don`t know how he swam across the river.我不知道他是怎么游过那条河的.e.g.2 They believe that they will surely win the game.他们相信他们肯定会赢得这场比赛.e.g.3 He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others. 他再三提醒大家, 决定这件事的不只是他一个人, 还有其他许多人.2) it作形式宾语的从句:翻译时it一般不必译出, 而真正的宾语从句一般可按原文顺序译出, 即采用“顺译法”.e.g.4 I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o`clock in the morning.我向他们讲得很清楚, 他们必须在上午十点之前提交论文.但有时候, 考虑到汉语的表达习惯, 译文中需要将真实宾语提前:e.g.5 I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.被选中参加会议, 我感到很荣幸.采用此种译法时, 有时需要用“这”, “它”等对真实宾语进行重复.e.g.6 We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world.打开国门, 实行开放, 我们认为这是绝对必要的. (it翻译为“这”)技巧之六:“表语从句的翻译”总的原则: 名词性从句的一种, 既可顺译, 也可逆译, 既可以与主句译为一个共同的简单句,也可以单独译为一个分句, 要根据具体语境判断.1) 与主句合译为一个简单句:e.g. Time factor is what we have to take into consideration.时间因素是我们不得不考虑的.2) 单独译为一个分句:e.g. The question which worries everyone today is how long will these fuels last.今天人人都担心的问题是: 这些燃料能用多久.几种常见表语从句类型:1) that (this) is why…:解决方法:a) 如果采用顺译法, 可译为“这就是为什么… (的缘故)”;b) 如果采用逆译法, 可译为“…的原因就在这里”, “…的理由就在于此”.e.g.1 That is why practice is the criterion of truth and why the standard of practice should be first and fundamental in the theory of knowledge.所谓“实践是检验真理的标准”, 以及所谓“实践的标准应该是认识论首要的和基本的观点”,(这两种观点的理由)就在于此.2) this (it) is because:解决方法:此句型一般采用“顺译法”, 可译为“这是因为…(的缘故)”.e.g. This is because the direct current flows in a wire always in one direction.这是由于直流电在导线中总沿着一个方向流动的缘故.3) this is what:解决方法:a) 如果采用“顺译法”, 通常译为“这就是… (的内容)”;b) 如果采用“逆译法”, 通常译为“…就是这个道理”.e.g. This is what we have discussed today.这就是今天我们讨论的内容.4) this (that) is where:解决方法:a) 如果采用“顺译法”, 通常译为“这就是…的地方”;b) 如果采用“逆译法”, 可译为“…的地方就在于此”.e.g. This is where I disagree with you.这就是我不同意你的地方.技巧之七:“同位语+ 后置修饰结构”总的原则: 此结构中同位语一般为一个单词, 而后置修饰语的结构一般都比较复杂, 可以是定语从句, 也可以是分词或不定式结构.(05年, 47题, 48题).解决方法:将这种结构译为一个独立的分句, 同位语在分句中作主语或宾语.e.g.1 You might say that this is a problem of their own making, one that they could avoid simply changing their habits and hunting by day.也许你会说这是他们自己造成的问题, 通过改变生活习性在白天出来捕食, 它们可以轻松解决这一问题.e.g.2 And yet most of us have had the experience of having to adjust to sleeping in the mountains or the country-side because it was initially “too quiet”, an experience that suggests that humans are capable of adapting to a wide range of noise levels.我们大多数人都有过这样的经历: 如果在深山或者乡村睡觉, 必须作一些调整才能睡得着, 因为这些地方起初“太安静”了. 这一例子说明人类有能力去适应各种不同程度的噪音.技巧之八:“名词转译为动词”总的原则: 英语多用名词少用动词;汉语多用动词少用名词.1) 英语中由动词派生的名词和具有动作意义的名词, 很多时候可以转译为汉语中的动词:e.g.1 Rocket have found application for the exploration of the universe.火箭已经用来探索宇宙.e.g.2 The sight and sound of our jet plane filled me with special longing.看到我们的喷气式飞机, 听见隆隆的机声, 我感到特别神往.2) 英语中有些表示职业的名词(通常后缀为-er), 有时在句中并不表示身份和职业, 而是含有较强的动作意味或说明具有某种品质, 在汉语中没有恰当的对应名词时, 往往可译为汉语中的动词.e.g.1 As a successful career woman, she is also a good cook.身为一名成功的职业女性, 她做菜也做得很好.e.g.2 Some of my classmates are good singers.我同学中有些人唱歌唱得很好.技巧之九:“状语的翻译”总的原则: 状语两大类: “从句类” ; “非从句类”最常见的两种非从句类型:1) 副词作状语;2) 短语作状语(介宾, 不定式).总的处理原则:1) 副词作状语(较短):直接译为汉语中的状语.2) 短语作状语(较长):将其译为一个分句.e.g.1 With a slight gesture she summons the Indian boy standing behind her chair, and whispers to him.她向站在她座位后面的印度男仆微微作了个手势, 示意他过来, 对他耳语一番.e.g.2 Flooded with calls, the company is maximizing profits by handling in city runs.叫车的人太多了, 公司便只接来往于市内的生意, 这样可以使利润最大化.技巧之十:“状语从句的翻译”总的原则: 状语从句分为两大类:“while型”和“非while型”.while引导的让步状语从句:(状语从句翻译中的难点)(2007, 50题; 2009, 48题; 2008, 48题;)难点: 判断while的不同含义.While I admit I did it, I didn`t intend to.尽管我承认是我做的这件事, 但我并不是有意的.“非while型”的两种基本翻译方法:1) 顺译法;2) 逆译法.1) 顺译法:e.g.1 When the storm had passed, we continued our way.暴风雨过后, 我们继续赶路.e.g.2 We can chop and change till we get someone who suits.我们可以变来变去, 直到我们找到一个合适的人.2) 逆译法:起因: “英语状语多后置, 中文状语多前置”.方法: “颠倒顺序(为了符合中文习惯)”e.g. The students stood up before the teacher had come in.老师还没进来学生就站起来了.技巧之十一:“非谓语动词作状语”总的原则: 非谓语动词包括不定式, 动名词和分词, 非谓语结构在句中可作除谓语之外的多种句子成分. 其中非谓语动词作状语时, 其功能相当于状语从句, 修饰谓语动词.解决方法:与状语从句一样, 非谓语结构也可以用来表示时间, 原因, 结果, 条件, 让步, 方式等. 翻译时可译为一个分句, 并可增译相应连词来表明其与主句之间的逻辑关系.e.g.1 Coming from Iran, I have a keen interest in Middle Eastern science.因为我来自伊朗, 所以对中东的科技有浓厚的兴趣.e.g.2 Managed badly, email can be a waste of valuable time.如果管理不当, 电子邮件会浪费我们的宝贵时间.技巧之十二“被动语态的翻译”总的原则: 英语多被动, 汉语少被动.最常见的两种翻译方法:1)直译为汉语的被动句;2)转译为汉语的主动句.1) 直译为汉语的被动句:适用条件: 着重表达被动含义的英语被动句.解决方法: 直接翻译为汉语中的被动句, 汉语中表达被动意义的语言工具主要有”被, 受, 遭, 让, 给, 由, 把, 得到,受到, 加以, 得以, 为…所, 由…来”等e.g.1 The minister was found to have appropriated government money.部长被发现挪用公款.(部长挪用公款被发现.)e.g.2 He was praised by his teacher.他得到了老师的表扬.(他被老师表扬了.)e.g.3 Problems should be resolved in good time.问题应及时加以解决.(问题应得到及时解决.) (问题应被及时解决.)2) 转译为汉语的主动句(六种译法):A. 保存原句主语;B. 原文主语转译为宾语;C. 增译主语;D. 译成汉语”无主句”;E. 译成汉语”判断句”;F. 被动句型”It + 被动语态+ that”的翻译.A. 保存原句主语:适用条件: 主语为无生命的名词, 且句中不出现由by引导的行为主体.解决方法: 被动句主语直接变为主动句主语.e.g.1 Water can be changed from a liquid into a solid.水能从液体变成固体.B. 原文主语转译为宾语:适用条件1): 句中由by引出动作的施动者.适用条件2): 介词短语构成的状语引出施动者.解决方法: 施动者变主语, 原主语变宾语.e.g.2 Heat and light can be given off by this chemical change.这种化学反应能放出热和光.e.g.3 Communication satellites have already been used for living transmission in our country. 我国已将通讯卫星用于实况直播.C. 增译主语:适用条件: 句中未出现表示行为的主体.解决方法: 适当增添一些泛指性的主语, 如”人们”、”有人”、”大家”、’’我们”等.e.g.4 The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored.人们对这一问题迄今尚未进行过彻底的探索.D. 译成汉语”无主句”:适用条件: 有些被动句不需要或者无法说出行为的主体.解决方法: 翻译成汉语中的”无主语句型”, 原句中的主语译成宾语.e.g.5 Measurements have been taken to prevent the epidemic from spreading.已经采取了措施防止这种流行病的蔓延.E. 译成汉语”判断句”:适用条件: 有些被动句不突出强调被动动作,而着重对事物的状态、过程和性质等加以描述, 其作用与”主系表”结构类似.解决方法: 翻译成汉语中的”判断句”, 经常采用”是…的”句式.e.g.6 Printing was introduced into Europe from China.印刷术是从中国传入欧洲的.F. 被动句型”It + 被动语态+ that”的翻译:适用条件: It作形式主语, that引导的从句是真正主语.解决方法: 1) 增译泛指性主语, 如“我们”, “人们”, “大家”, “有人”等等.2) 译成无主语的汉语句子.e.g.7 It is stressed that the field of science may be divided into two major areas: natural science and social science.有人强调说, 科学的范畴可以分成两个主要领域: 自然科学和社会科学.e.g.8 It should be pointed out that this process is oxidation.应该指出, 这一过程就是氧化.技巧之十三:“形式主语”的翻译总体原则:先译真实主语, 后译形式主语. (“先真后假”)三种方法:1) 按原句顺序翻译;2) 增译主语;3) 调整语序.1) 按原句顺序翻译:两种情况:A. 真实主语是”不定式短语(to do)”或”动名词短语(doing sth.)”, 整句可译成无主语的句子.e.g. It is no exaggeration to say she is the best mother in the world.可以毫不夸张地说她是世上最好的母亲.B. 真实主语为一个从句, 可将形式主语和谓语译为一个短语, 而将主语从句译为句子的主干.e.g. It goes without saying that these waves travel at the speed of light.显然, 这些波是以光速传播.2) 增译主语:适用条件: 形式主语部分为被动句.解决办法: 根据句意或上下文增译出主语, 或增译泛指性主语”我们”、”人们”、”大家”、”有人”等等.e.g. It was incorrectly believed that current flowed from positive to negative.人们错误的认为电流是由正极流向负极的.3) 调整语序:适用条件: 真实主语为主语从句或其他较长的结构时.解决办法:A. 将真实主语恢复到主语位置.e.g. It was rather hard to bring up the child on her own.她独自一人抚养孩子十分不容易.B. 有时为了说明强调并使汉语句子通顺, 可对主语进行重复.e.g. It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. 驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后竟然还活着, 这简直难以置信.技巧之十四:“比较结构”的翻译总体原则: 比较结构多英式思维, 很难字面翻译.解决方法:熟记含义的前提下灵活运用.more than:1) more than + 名词/动名词/名词性从句:译法: "不仅仅, 超过, 不同于"e.g. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task.刻意练习不仅仅是简单的重复一项任务.2) more than + 动词:译法: "不仅仅, 岂止是, 极大地, 十分的"e.g. They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries.他们可以教得很好, 而且不仅仅是为了挣薪水.3) more than + 形容词/副词:译法: "非常, 不止于"e.g. I am more than willingly to go out with you.我非常愿意和你一起出去.4) more than + 从句:译法: "并非, 不是"e.g.1 At least you enjoy yourself, which is more than I did.至少你玩儿得很开心, 但是我却没有.e.g.2 The beauty of Chengdu is more than words can describe.成都的美是语言不能形容的.。
2018考研英语翻译:“比较结构”四种翻译方法_毙考题

毙考题APP2018考研英语翻译:“比较结构”四种翻译方法比较结构翻译的重难点在于找出比较对象、理解比较关系。
根据比较结构所表达的比较关系不同,可将比较结构的翻译方法归为四大类。
一、前肯后否结构:more ... than ...【翻译技巧分析】more ... than... 表示两个事物的同一方面进行比较时,最基本意思是比……多,比……更加。
但在具体语境中,在译成汉语时,我们需要认真措辞,进行转译。
例如:I was more annoyed than worried when they did not come home.他们没有回家,与其说我担心倒不如说我很恼火。
二、前否后肯结构:less...than ...;not so much ...as ...【翻译技巧分析】less...than ...;not so much ...as... 表示两个事物的同一方面进行比较时,基本意思是比……少;比……小。
但在具体语境中,在译成汉语时,我们需要认真措辞,进行转译。
例如:John is less daring than quick-witted. 与其说约翰胆大,不如说他脑子灵活。
三、前后都肯定结构:no less ...than (=not any less...than...) ...;as...as...【翻译技巧分析】no less ...than (=not any less...than...)...;as...as... 表示两个事物的同一方面进行比较时,译为:(前者)和(后者)一样都……例如:She is no less beautiful than her sister. 她和她姐姐一样漂亮。
no less ...than (=not any less...than...)...;as...as... 表示同一事物的两个方面进行比较时,译为:既(前者)……又(后者)……四、前后都否定结构:no more ... than ...(=not any more...than)【翻译技巧分析】no more ... than ...(=not anymore...than) 表示两个事物的同一方面进行比较时,译为:(前者)和(后者)一样都不……例如:He is no better at swimming than I.他和我都不擅长游泳。
比较结构的翻译技巧

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比较结构的翻译(I)

3. No less than的用法 可译为“多达;高达”
This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistic that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. 这一点就足以表明,要在电视行业里生存 下来并非易事。统计数字尤其说明了这一 事实,在80个欧洲电视网中,铁饭碗一半 在1989年亏损。
In this case, the drops do not get very bit, and the earth receives no more than a drizzle. 在这种情况下,雨滴不会变大,因而落在地上的 仅仅是毛毛细雨。 The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is nothing more than an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience. 每位电视观众总会感到,在数目众多、形形色色 的观众中,自己只不过是无足轻重的无名分子。
A. More than +名词/动名词/名词从句 表示“不仅仅;超过;不同于”
Don’t read more than what was intended into what he said. 不要过度引申他原话要表达的意图。 Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. 很明显,智力的高低并不能仅仅通过测试的分数 体现出来。 Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. 刻意练习不仅仅是简单地重复一项任务。
2018考研英语翻译语法讲解:比较结构(2)_毙考题

下载毙考题APP免费领取考试干货资料,还有资料商城等你入驻邀请码:8806 可获得更多福利2018考研英语翻译语法讲解:比较结构(2)第二类,than的比较结构比较结构more ... than...和less...than...以上两个结构意思相反,在这里作为一组进行对照解析。
A more ...than B表示A比B 更...... ,而more A than B表示与其说B不如说A 或者是A不是B 。
同样地,A less ...than B表示A不如B...... ,而less A than B则表示与其说A不如说B 或者是B不是A 。
1)China is larger than any country in Africa .2)A dictionary is more useful than interesting .3)This dress is less beautiful than that one .4)A dictionary is less interesting than useful .经分析发现,第一个例句符合A more ...than B的结构,即A(China)和B(any country in Africa)这两个事物的比较;第二个例句符合more A than B的结构,即同一个事物(a dictionary)的A(useful)和B(interesting)这两个方面的比较;第三个例句符合A less ...than B的结构,即A(This dress)和B(that one)这两个事物的比较;第四个例句符合less A than B的结构,即同一个事物(a dictionary)的A(useful)和B(interesting)这两个方面的比较。
根据这些结构所表示的含义,它们分别可以翻译成中国比非洲任何一个国家都大、与其说字典有趣不如说它有用、这件衣服不如那件好看、与其说字典有趣不如说它有用。
比较结构的翻译

He didn’t so much as ask me to set down. 他甚至没有请我坐下。 2. 注意:not so much as…这个结构相当 于“not even…”,所以通常翻译为“甚至 不…,甚至没有…”。
(1)
He is no more a writer than a painter. 他既不是画家也不是作家。 3. no more A than B句型在意义上与 not any more than…一样,表示对两者都否 定,所以可以翻译为“A和B一样不,既不A 也不B,两者都不”。 (2) A fool can no more see his own folly than he can see his ears. 蠢人不能自知其蠢,就像不能自见其耳一样。
1.
(3) Although not yet finalized, the takeover has sparked fears in South Korea that China might soon pose more of a threat than an opportunity. (Newsweek) 这次兼并虽未画上句号,但却使韩国上下忧心忡忡, 担忧中国带来的是威胁,而不是机遇。 (4) During the middle Ages, the appearance of the plague in a European city was more likely to result in a pogrom against Jews, or burnings of suspected witches, than any rational public-health response. (Time) 中世纪,如果欧洲城市出现鼠疫,后果可能是犹太 人遭到集体屠杀,巫师被火焚烧,而不是医疗卫生 行业理性地参与应对。
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It is not much more than noon. 刚过晌午。 You are no better than a coward. 你简直就是一个胆小鬼。
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She is no more fond of swimming than I am. 她和我一样不喜欢游泳。 I am no more mad than you are. 我和你都没疯。 He is no cleverer than his brother. 他和他兄弟一样笨。 He is no more a god than we are. 他和我们一样不是神。 You can no more swim than I can fly. 你不会游泳正如我不会飞一样。 。
• more… than (前边程度高于后边) • The girl is more shy than timid. • 这女孩是害羞而不是胆怯(着女孩与其说 胆怯不如说害羞)。 • John is more modest than he is prudent. • 与其说约翰谨慎,不如说他谦虚。
• 1.Air is to us as water is to fish. = Air is to us what water is to fish. • 空气对于我们,犹如水对鱼一样。 • = What water is to fish, that air is to us. = As water is to fish, so air is to us. • 2.As the house is to the man, so is the nest to the bird and the cave to the animal. • 室之于人,犹巢之于鸟,穴之与兽。 • 3.As fire tries gold, so does adversity try virtue. • 烈火可炼真金,同样,逆境可考验人的美德。
• China insists always on the need for selfreliance, no less in economic policies than in making revolution. • 中国始终坚持自力更生,不但在进行革命 方面,而且在经济政策方面也是如此。
• more than、more…than、less than、 less…than • more than超出、不仅仅 (后接名词、数词、 动名词、不定式、形容词、副词、从句等) • My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不仅仅是观光. • The consequence was much more than he imagined. • 结果远超出他的想象。
• He could no more be a valet (仆人) than he could be a stockbrokers or a wirewalker. • 仆人的活他干不了,就像他当不了证券经 纪人,也走不了钢丝一样。
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no less…than = as much(many)as 不少于,不亚于, 与…一样多(高),与…一样 (肯定双方,双方程度都高) 1)We walked no less than 10 miles. 我们走了十英里。 She is no less active than she used to be 她和从前一样活跃。 The lion is no less cruel than the tiger. 狮子与老虎一样残忍。 She is not less beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。
比较结构的翻译
同级比较
• 一、原级的翻译 • 1.The sun is 330,000 times as large as the earth. • 太阳比地球大330,000倍。 • 2.The speed of sound in water is about four times as fast as in air. • 声音在水中的传播速度比在空气中大三倍 左右。
倍数的翻译
• • • • • • “A比B高五倍” 不可译成:(1)A is 5 times higher than B 应译成: (2)A is 6 times as high as B (3)A is 6 times higher than B 解释:在英语中如使用time,就不存在“比…… 大几倍”的语义,只有“是……几倍”的语y three times, 其语义与A has increased three times相同,都是 指A增加了两倍。
• 关于倍数的用法,对学生的建议是:从理解的角 度上应把A is 8 times as high as B与A is 8 times higher than B视为意义相同的表达法。
• 但使用百分比,或者具体数字,便表达了汉语的 “增加了百分之几”的概念。 • 如: • Increased 200% : 增加了百分之200 ==== increased three times • Increased 7times=== increased 600%
• My upbringing had been more that of a wild boy than that of a young lady. • 我早年所受的教育,使我不大像一个娇小 姐,倒很像一个也孩子。
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最高级的翻译 : I shall do it with the greatest pleasure. 我很乐意做这件事。 The design of an aircraft is a most complicated matter. 飞机的设计是一件极其复杂的事。 The doctor had never seen him in better spirits. 医生从未见他精神头这么好过。 This is the last thing I want to do. 这是我最不愿做的事情。(由某个词汇来表示 )
• Americans carry with them an appearance which is more a result of attitude than of clothing. • 美国人所呈现出的外表,与其说是衣着所致还不 如说是观念所致。 • Hitler’s mistake gave Roosevelt the victory; just as at Waterloo it was less Wellington who won than Napoleon who lost. • 希特勒犯下的错误使罗斯福取得了胜利;正如在 滑铁卢战场上,与其说惠灵顿打胜了,不如说是 拿破仑战败了。
• B. no more … than = not…any more than = as little as, “与……一样不”,表示两边程度都低,或否定双方 (more 是much 和many的比较级,单音节词加-er) • She is no more beautiful than her sister.= She is not beautiful any more than her sister. • 她的容貌跟她姐姐相差无几(一样丑)。 • 比较: • She is not more beautiful than her sister. • 她没有她姐姐漂亮。 • She is not less beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。 • She is no less beautiful than her sister. • 她的容貌跟她姐姐相差无几(一样漂亮)。
比较级的翻译
• 1. no more than、no more…than、 not…more than、no less …than、not less…than • A. no more than… = only 不过、仅仅 (后接数词和名词)
A. no more than… = only 不过、仅仅 (后接数词和名词) • His whole school education added up to no more than one year. 仅有一年 • 2) I have no more than two yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里真眼只有两块钱。 • 3) The gun was no longer than 18 inches.那支 枪只有18英寸长。(强调短) • 4) I have taken no more than six courses this semester. 本学期我只选了六门课。 • 5) You are no more than a child.你不过还是个 小孩。