英汉翻译复习提纲英文版
2.1.7An invitation to a trade show booth18 September 1995 Dear Mr Binks,Many thanks for your letter and enclosures of 12 September.We were very interested to hear that you are looking foran UK distributor for your teaching aids.We would like to invite you to visit our booth, no. 46, at next month’s London Toy Fair, at Earl’s Court, which startson 2 October.If you would like to set up an appointment duringnon-exhibit hall hours please call me. I can then arrange forour senior staff to be present at the meeting.We are familiar with your excellent products and I am optimistic that we can devise a mutually beneficial arrangementfor a UK launch.We look forward to hearing from you.Yours sincerely,Martin CrownManaging DirectorMr Howard BinksMarketing ManagerMatrix Toys Inc.5 Second AvenueNew YorkUSA2.1.8Contacting a company you have traded with in the past21 April 1996Hamra Trading SARL4 Rue HamraBeirutLebanonDear Sirs,We understand from our trade contacts that your company has reestablished itself in Beirut and is once again trading successfully in your region.We would like to extend our congratulations and offer our very best wishes for your continued success.Before the war in Lebanon, our companies were involved in a large volume of trade in our textiles. We see from our records that you were among our best ten customers.We very much hope that we can resume our mutually beneficial relationship now that peace has returned to Lebanon.Since we last traded, our lines have changed beyond recognition. While they reflect current European taste in fabrics, some of our designs are specifically targeted at the Middle Eastern market.As an initial step, I enclose our illustrated catalogue for your perusal. Should you wish to receive samples for closer inspection, we will be very happy to forward them.We look forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfully,K PatelManagerEnc.2.1.9Confirming an appointmentMr Pierre BontouxPresident Directeur GeneralOrfevreries de Seuilly6 Boulevard HaussemanParisFranceDear Mr Bontoux,I would like to confirm our appointment to discuss thepossibility of merging our distribution networks. I am excitedat the prospect of expanding our trade.As agreed, we will meet at our office in Bond Street at 9:30a.m. on Monday 20 March. I have scheduled the whole day for the meeting.If for any reason you are unable to attend, please phone me sothat we can make alternative arrangements.Please let me know if you would like our office to arrange hotel accommodation.I look forward with great pleasure to our meeting.Yours sincerely,Nigel DentonManaging Director2.3.1Making a firm offer1 May 1997 Singa CerealsJalan TupaiSingapore 16Dear Sirs,This is to confirm your telex of 6 April 1997, asking us to make you firm offers for rice and soybeans C&F Singapore.We telexed you this morning offering you 300 metric tons of polished rice at A$2,400 per metric ton, C&F Singapore, for shipment during July/August 1997. This offer is firm, subject to the receipt of your reply before 1 June 1997.Please note that we have quoted our most favourable price and are unable to entertain any counter offer.With regard to soybeans, we advise you that the few lots we have at present are under offer elsewhere. If, however, you were to make us a suitable offer, there is a possibility of our supplying them.As you know, of late, it has been a heavy demand for these commodities and this has resulted in increased prices. You may, however, take advantage of the strengthening market if you send an immediate reply.Yours faithfully,Janice MasonExport Manager 2.4.6 A proposal to pay by a 30-day letter of credit17 July 1996 Irina Office Equipment60 Via RomaMilanItalyDear Sirs,We would like to place an order for 500 Irina 262 electric typewriters at your price of US＄300 each, CIF Lagos, for shipment during November/December.We would like to pay for this order by a 30-day L/C. This isa big order involving US＄150,000 and, since we have only moderate cash reserves, tying up funds for three or four months would cause problems for us.We much appreciate the support you have given us in the past and would be most grateful if you could extend this favour to us. If you are agreeable, please send us your contract. On receipt, we will establish the relevant L/C immediately.Your faithfully,Johnson FieldManager 2.4.12Stating terms of payment5 May 1997 Mr K L LeeTiger ManufacturingEastern Industrial ZoneGuangzhouChinaDear Mr LeeThank you for your letter of 15 April regarding payment terms. We agree to your proposal, the terms of which are as follows.(1)Payment will be by confirmed, irrevocable letter ofcredit with draft at sight instead of direct payment at sight.(2)The price quoted to us is with no discount.The above payment terms have been approved by our Managing Director and will be acted on accordingly.The order is being prepared and will reach you in the next ten days.I would like to take this opportunity to inform you that our representative, Mr John Green, will attend the forthcoming Guangzhou Fair. He will be writing to you shortly.We sincerely hope that future discussions between our companies will lead to further mutually beneficial business.Yours sincerely,Denis ThorpeManager 2.5.4Advising shipment4 August 1996 Ms Julia TealClapham Stores plc5 High StreetClaphamLondonUKDear Ms Teal,Thank you for your letter of 1 August enquiring about theshipment of your order under contract 4632.Please accept my apology for the delay which has been caused by the unavailability of shipping space from Bombay to London.The matter was, however, in hand and your consignment was shipped yesterday on board SS Pandit which is sailing directly to London.I enclose one set of shipping documents comprising:1 One non-negotiable copy of the bill of lading2 Commercial invoice in duplicate3 One copy of the certificate of guarantee4 One copy of the certificate of quantity5 One copy of the insurance policyI am glad that we have been able to execute your order as contracted. It trust the goods will reach you in time for the winter selling season and prove to be entirely satisfactory.I will personally ensure that you receive our prompt and careful attention at all times.Your sincerely,Henry PatelManaging Director。
英语翻译复习提纲
翻译题复习提纲1.与以英语为母语的人交谈是非常有益的体验，从中我们能学到许多东西。
（communicate with）(Unit 1, Page 12,下同)Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. (or: Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience, and from it we can learn a lot.)2.如今，越来越多的人可以利用互联网查找他们所需要的信息。
（have access to）Today/Nowadays, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need.3.他要她放弃工作在家照顾孩子，但是她觉得这个要求太过分了。
（give up）He wants her to give up working and stay (at) home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her.4.酒吧的老板一直在看那个姑娘跳舞，一面却假装没有看。
（Use “while+V-ing”structure）(Unit 2, Page 38，下同)The owner of the bar kept watching the girl dancing while pretending not to.5.桑迪如此喜欢摇滚音乐以至不顾父亲的反对而将音量放大。
（appeal to）Rock music appealed to Sandy so much that she turned it up, paying no attention to father’s objection.6.像往常一样，当他的父母不喜欢他的穿着时，便开始唠叨他。
英语复习提纲2
base sth. on/upon sth。
This novel is based on fact.
这部小说是以事实为根据的。
7. present 1) 当前的, 现在的 (作前置定语) Did you see the present national leaders? 2) 出席的, 在场的(作表语或后置定语) Our teacher was present at the meeting. All the people present agree to my plan.
for example: 用来举例说明某一论点或 情况, 一般只举同类人或物中的 “一个” 为例, 作插入语,可位于句首, 句中或句尾, 通常与所给的例子用逗号隔开. 其后的例 子可以是从句. He can speak four languages such as English and French. Ball games, for example, have spread around the world.
15. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English .
16. expect Vt.(理所当然)期望，预料，认为，预期 usage: expect sb to do sth expect +that-clause expect sth expect to do sth
17. recognize vt.辨认出来，承认，公认 phrases: recognize one’s voice recognize sb to be ……被承认为…… be recognized as…… recognize that…… 注意：recognize是一个终止性动词。是 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔 或别的原因后又重新认出来。
扬州大学 综合教材 一级 期末翻译提纲
Sentences1) 那是个正规宴会，我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。
As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2) 他的女朋友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉。
His girlfriend advised him to get out of / get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3) 他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大，决定增加生产。
Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4) 据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全规章而被解雇。
It is said the Bill has been fired for continually violating the comp any’s safety rules. Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5) 据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水(water shortage)的可能性。
It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.Translation苏珊因车祸失去了双腿。
英汉对比与翻译期末复习指南
英汉对比与翻译概论期末复习指南Cha. 1一、汉语的注音⏹汉语是象形文字，不具有表音的作用。
⏹历史上曾有过多种为汉字注音的尝试，如：❑直音：午，音五。
❑反切：力，了一切。
∴王力→王了一❑注音字母(1918)：ㄅㄆㄇㄈㄉㄊㄋㄌ(bpmfdtnl)❑Wade-Giles (威妥玛–翟理斯式拼音法,简称威氏拼音法, 1867/1912): Mao Tse-tung, Chou Enlai❑汉语拼音(1958/1978)：Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai❑2009年初台湾宣布采用汉语拼音二、英语的注音⏹国际音标⏹KK音标⏹韦氏音标Cha. 2一、音译⏹音译法⏹是用一种语言文字写出或读出另一种语言的词或词组的发音而引入吸收新词的一种主要方法。
❑音译法常用来翻译专有名词(人名、地名)，但有些外来商品的商标，部分书名、电影、电视剧、戏剧名，科技发明创造，以及某些新生事物所产生的新词语也采用音译法。
❑音译往往是不得已而为之，音译过来的东西往往无法从字面上看出其内涵，有时译文会使读者产生文化隔膜，导致理解上的困难。
⏹全音译：⏹指全部按照英语单词的发音来选择汉字表达的翻译方法。
❑这种译法很有异国情调，给人以新鲜感，时髦感，体现时代精神，紧跟时代潮流。
⏹analgin 安乃近⏹Bisquit 百事吉⏹copy 拷贝⏹Delicious 得利斯⏹Fiyta 飞亚达⏹Kodak 柯达⏹Ford 福特⏹Lactov 乐口福⏹Lucky 乐凯⏹Paloma 百乐满⏹party 派对⏹Polaroid 宝利莱⏹salad 色拉⏹shampoo 香波⏹toast 吐司⏹部分音译部分意译：⏹指在英语名词音译前或后再加上说明性文字，让人们知道该名称的性质是什么。
❑但随着该词的流行和接受程度，意译部分逐渐淘汰，弃而不用。
⏹B owling 保龄球⏹Cookies 曲奇饼⏹Clean & Clear 可伶可俐洗面奶⏹Disco 迪斯科舞⏹Jacket 夹克衫⏹Golf 高尔夫球⏹Good 古德面包⏹Head & Shoulders 海飞丝洗发露⏹Jeep 吉普车⏹More 摩尔香烟⏹Pizza 比萨饼⏹Safeguard 舒肤佳香皂⏹Sardine 沙丁鱼罐头⏹Toffee 太妃糖⏹Top 脱普洗头膏⏹Sony 索尼电器⏹Waltz 华尔兹舞⏹约定俗成的译名不应重新改译，最好尽量保留原译名。
英语翻译课复习资料资料
考试题型：单句翻译8个：英译汉、汉译英各4个。
篇章翻译英译汉2篇，一篇来自课内，一篇来自课外；汉译英一篇，来自课内。
技能测试12个：01. 拆分法拆分法是指将一个长句拆分翻译成两个或两个以上若干短句的方法。
The handshake is thought to have originated in medieval Europe as a way for kings and knights to show that they did not intend to harm each other and possessed no concealed weapons. (拆分法)握手据称源自中世纪的欧洲。
那时国王和骑士用握手来表明他们没有伤害对方的意图，也没有暗藏武器。
02. 合并法合并法是指将两个或两个以上若干短句合并翻译成一个长句的方法。
中国是个大国，百分之八十的人口从事农业，但耕地只占土地面积的十分之一，其余为山脉、森林、城镇和其他用地。
（合并法）China is a large country with four-fifths of the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other uses.03. 增补法增补法也叫增词法，是指在翻译过程中视意义表达需要在源句基础上增加词语的方法。
Amelia took the news very palely and calmly.埃米丽亚获悉这个消息的时候，脸色苍白，神情镇静。
04. 省略法省略法也叫减词法，是指在翻译过程中视意义表达需要对源句中一些词语略去不做翻译的方法。
He looked gloomy and troubled.他看上去忧郁烦恼。
最全面的英汉翻译笔记(豪华打印版)
第一部分：数词的译法一、数字增减的译法：1.句式特征：by＋名词＋比较级＋thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词＋to+n.译为：增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词＋％The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35％2.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词＋by＋％Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3％The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60％3.句式特征：表示减少意义的动词＋to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺，铁的损失量减少到20％4.句式特征：％＋比较级＋than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比，有望增加9％。
5.句式特征：％＋比较级＋名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10％6.句式特征：a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比，今年钢产量净增20％7.句式特征：％+ (of) 名词（代词）表示净减数，数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60％8.句式特征：%＋up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20％。
英语翻译复习提纲
When Greek meets Greek, and than comes the tug of war [两强相遇，其斗必烈]All that glitters is not gold [闪光的并非都是金子]Constant dropping wears the stone [水滴石穿]To fish in troubled waters [浑水摸鱼]To strike while the iron is hot [趁热打铁]To sit on pins and needles [如坐针毡]As poor as the church mouse [一贫如洗]The Heel of Achilles [致命弱点；薄弱环节]Every family has one skeleton in the cupboard [家丑不可外扬]The last straw on the camel's back [骆驼背上的最后一根稻草——最后一击]Trojan horse [奸细；特洛伊木马计]Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion [宁为鸡头勿为牛尾]To meet one's Waterloo [一败涂地]The Salt of the Earth [社会精英；优秀分子]Misfortunes never come alone [祸不单行]Great minds think alike [英雄所见略同]Look before you leap [三思而后行]Kill the goose that lays the golden egg [杀鸡取卵]Diamonds cut Diamonds [棋逢对手，将遇良才]The apple of one's eye [掌上明珠]Last night, I heard him driving pigs to market[鼾声如雷].Early Reagan was a mirror image[毫无二致] of early Carter.If Main Street didn't understand this, Wall Street[华尔街那些大老板们] did.He was a dead shot[输惨了]. However, he met his waterloo[遭遇滑铁卢] this time.He had never expected that so many obstacles [拦路虎]would stand on his way to success.He is the type who's everybody's friend[老好人]. That's why I can't take anything he says serious. To break the ice[为了打破沉默], Ted spoke his interest in mountain climbing, and they soon had a conversation going."Y ou really do refuse to give until all hope is gone[不到黄河心不死]", she murmured, shaking her head helplessly.She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth[生长在富贵之家]; she thinks she can do what she likes.This is a dangerous and violent city. In some parts of it, the only law is the law of the jungle[弱肉强食].I talked to him with brutal frankness.我对他讲的话，虽然逆耳，却是忠言。
英语翻译基础考试大纲
英语翻译基础考试大纲咱来说说这英语翻译基础考试大纲哈！首先，词汇量那是必须得有的。
您要是词汇量不够，就好比上战场没带枪，那能行吗？就说我之前遇到过一个学生，参加翻译考试的时候，碰到一个单词“encyclopedia”，愣是不知道啥意思，结果整个句子翻译得乱七八糟。
所以啊，平日里就得把单词这关给过了，不仅要认识，还得会用。
语法也是重中之重！啥主谓宾、定状补，得搞得清清楚楚。
比如说，“I have never seen such a beautiful girl before” 这里面的时态、语态都得弄明白，不然翻译出来可就闹笑话啦。
再来谈谈翻译技巧。
直译、意译、音译，各种译法都得掌握。
就像有一次我看到一个句子“Love me, love my dog” 要是直译，那就是“爱我，爱我的狗”，这多奇怪呀！其实意译过来就是“爱屋及乌”，是不是一下子就顺了？在翻译中，文化背景知识也不能少。
不同国家有不同的文化习俗，翻译的时候可不能忽略。
比如说，“You are a lucky dog” 可别以为是在骂你，在英语里这是说“你是个幸运儿”。
说到这考试大纲，还得注重上下文的理解。
不能孤立地看一个句子或者一个段落，得联系前后文，这样才能翻译得准确又通顺。
另外，翻译的速度也很关键。
考试的时候时间有限，不能磨磨蹭蹭的。
平时就得多多练习，提高翻译的效率。
最后，多做真题那是必不可少的。
通过做真题，能熟悉考试的题型和难度，知道自己的薄弱环节在哪里，然后有针对性地去提高。
总之，这英语翻译基础考试大纲就像是一张地图，指引着咱们朝着正确的方向前进。
只要咱们认真准备，多积累、多练习，就一定能在考试中取得好成绩！。
武大硕士公共英语-英译汉复习资料
英译汉Unit 1(1)Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin’s theory that facial expressions are universal and researchers found that the particular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species, but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person’s cultural upbringing determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed or suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree.力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的形状，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合,我们人类各成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
(2)The stumbling block of assumed similarity is a “trouble m,” as one English learner expressed it, not only for the foreigner but for the people in the host country with whom the international visitor comes into contact.正如一个学习英语的人所表达的那样，相似性的假设这个的绊脚石是一个“麻烦”，不仅仅是对于来访的外国人，就连这个外国人接触的东道国的人也都是个问题。
英汉翻译教程复习提纲
声明：请勿转载，版权所有，翻版必究。
——大陆贵妇团团长彭磊英汉翻译教程复习资料题型如下：1.填空题；【10*2】【考试范围1-3章】2.单项选择；【5*2】【主要第四章】3.句子翻译；【10*3】【第四章】4.段落翻译。
【2*20】【听天由命】填空选择重点归纳第一章*我国翻译史简介：1.我国翻译史大概有两千年的的历史，最早在西汉时期。
2.佛经的翻译起源于东汉。
3.秦朝之前翻译只是民间私人事业。
4.佛经翻译的主要考点和关键字：道安，鸠摩罗什，直译，改变了以往音译的缺陷，代表作【法华经】。
5.从隋朝到唐代，我国翻译史高度发达时期。
6.我国佛教三大翻译家：玄奘，鸠摩罗什，真谛。
7.玄奘的翻译理论：“即须求真，又须喻俗。
”8.北宋时期翻译事业逐渐衰微。
（可以不用管）9.明代到清代出现了徐光启，林纾，严复等介绍西欧各国科学，文学，哲学的翻译家。
10.严复的翻译标准：信达雅。
（具有一定的局限性）11.“五四”是近代翻译的分水岭，以鲁迅，翟秋白为代表，提倡理论与实践相结合，提倡以白话文代替文言文。
主张直译。
第二章*翻译的标准、过程以及对译作的要求一、翻译的标准1.严复提出：信达雅。
为了避免引起误会，主张把翻译标准概括为“忠实，通顺”2.忠实，指的是忠实原作的内容。
还指保持原文的风格，即原作的民族风格，时代风格，语体风格，作者个人的语言风格等。
3.通顺，即指译文语言语言必须通顺易懂，符合规范。
二、翻译的过程直译与意译（弄清楚区别和关系：相辅相成，互为依存）第三章*英汉语言的对比（不想打字QAQ将就看看吧）主要分为竹节式（英文）和树状式（中文）第四、五章*英译汉常用方法词义转译（主要针对一词多类multitypes）：eg.Like knows like. 英雄识英雄。
根据上下文分析（主要针对一词多义pdysemy）：eg.He is the last man to do it.（自己看着译吧意思辣么多就不一一列举了）词义引申（extension）：eg.Every life has its roses and thorns.（每个人生活有甜有苦。