英文原版阅读 3rd-habitats
生态学的一些概念英文版
An ecosystem is self-sustaining if the following requirements are met:
1. A constant source of energy and a living system capable of incorporating this energy into organic molecules. 2. A cycling of materials between organisms and their environment.
Ecology:
• the study of the interactions of living things with each other and their physical environment
Ecological Organization:
1. Population: all the members of a species inhabiting a given location 2. Community: all the interacting populations in a given area 3. Ecosystem: the living community and the physical environment functioning together as an independent and relatively stable system
• Since practically all organisms may be consumed by more than one species, many interactions occur along the food chains of any community.
典范英语8第三章博纱的秘密招数读后感
典范英语8第三章博纱的秘密招数读后感After reading Chapter 3 of "The Secret of Bogsha's Techniques" in Exemplary English 8, I was deeply impressed by the intricate and fascinating world of Bogsha's secrets. The chapter delved into the specific techniques and skills that Bogsha, the legendary master, used to create his masterpieces. It was truly eye-opening to learn about the precision and attention to detail that went into each and every aspect of his work.One of the most compelling aspects of the chapter was the emphasis on the importance of patience and perseverance in honing one's craft. Bogsha's dedication to his art and his willingness to put in the time and effort required to perfect his techniques served as a powerful reminder of the value of hard work and determination.Additionally, the chapter shed light on the significance of creativity and innovation in the world of art and craftsmanship. Bogsha's ability to think outside the box and push the boundaries of traditional techniques was truly inspiring, and it served as a testament to the endlesspossibilities that exist within the realm of creative expression.Overall, I found Chapter 3 to be both enlightening and thought-provoking. It provided a captivating glimpse into the world of Bogsha's secrets and left me eager to continue exploring the depths of his wisdom and expertise.阅读完《典范英语8》第三章《博纱的秘密招数》后，我对博纱的秘密技巧产生了深刻的印象。
英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit 2 Wildlife Conservatin听力原文
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-2Unit 2 Wildlife ConservationPart Ⅰ Getting readygravely：严重species：物种extinct：灭种on the brink：在边缘can't afford to wait any more：不能再等待take action：采取行动abbreviations ：缩写acronyms：首字母缩略词IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature：世界自然保护联盟convention：会议;全体与会者;国际公约;惯例，习俗，规矩CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species：华盛顿公约，濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约conservation：保存;保护;避免浪费;对自然环境的保护UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program：联合国环境规划署WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature ：世界自然基金会regulate：调节;控制，管理promote the conservation：促进保护under the auspices of：在…的帮助或支持下;有…赞助的prohibit：禁止endangered species：濒危野生动植物种encourage partnerships in doing sth：鼓励伙伴partnership：伙伴关系;合伙人身份;合作关系;合营公司inspiring information：鼓舞人心的信息improve their quality of life：改善生活品质without compromising：不妥协enable sb to do sth：使……能raise funds for ：筹款giant panda：大熊猫a global network：全球网Gland：格兰德Switzerland：瑞士biological diversity：生物多样性ecosystem services：生态系统服务variety：种类a breathable atmosphere：洁净的（能够呼吸的）空气reduce in number ：数量减少role：任务negligible：以忽略的;微不足道的apes：猿whales：鲸seals：海豹marine turtles：海龟walrus：海象dolphins：海豚crocodiles：鳄鱼bludgeon：攻击;威胁，强迫campaign：运动sanctuaries：庇护所sea sanctuary：海洋保护区protected-nesting sites ：受保护的营巢区nesting site：营巢区;筑巢区;巢址pollute：污染ivory：象牙porpoise：动鼠海豚come into force：开始生效habitat：（动物的）栖息地，住处compromise：妥协roll off：辗轧;下降breed：繁殖public appeal：公众诉求;呼吁slaughter：屠宰（动物）;大屠杀make a donation：捐款Wild animals and wild plants and the wild places where they live are gravely threatened almost everywhere. One species has become extinct in each year of this century; and many hundreds are now on the brink. We can't afford to wait any more. It is time that we take action.A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.1. habitat: the natural home of a planet or animal2. species: a group of plants or animals of the same kind, which are alike in all important ways and can breed together3. bludgeon: hit with a heavy object4. census: a count of a total population5. logistics: the planning and implementation of the details of any operation6. degrade: bring down7. adversely: in the manner of going against, opposing8. refuge: a place that provides protection or shelter from danger9. aquatic: living in or on water10. mussel: a small sea animal living inside a black shell whose soft body can be eaten as food (淡菜)11. staple food: basic food or main food that one normally eats12. picky eater: someone who is very careful about choosing only what they like to eat13. shrink: to become or cause to become smaller in size14. case study: a detailed analytical study of a person or something with a view to making generalizationsB Listen to some abbreviations and acronyms of some organizations and some information about them. Fill in the blanks.Audioscript:1. IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature, is the organization established by the United Nations to promote the conservation of wildlife and habitats as part of the national policies of member states.2. CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. is an international agreement under the auspices of the IUCN with the aim of regulating trade in endangered species of animals and plants. The agreement came into force in 1975 and by 1991 had been signed by 110 states. It prohibits any trade in a category of 8,000 highly endangered species and controls trade in a further 30,000 species.3. UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program, aims to provide leadershi p and encourage partnerships in caring for the environment by inspiring information and enabling nations and people to improve their quality of life without compromising that of future generations.4. WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund), is an international organization established in 1961 to raise funds for conservation by public appeal. Projects include conservation of particular species, for example, the tiger and giant panda. With almost five million supporters distributed throughoutfive continents, WWF has a global network active in over 90 countries. Its headquarters are in Gland, Switzerland.Biological diversity provides us with a variety of special "ecosystem services", such as clean water, a breathable atmosphere and natural climate control. However, many kinds of wild animals have been so reduced in number that their role in the ecosystem is negligible. Animals like the great apes, the whales, seals, and marine turtles are under particular pressure.C Listen to the conversation. Match column A, which is alist of the names of some endangered animals, with column B, which gives the information about those endangeredanimals. Then anwser the questions.Questions:1. What do people at the World Wildlife Fund work for according to the woman?They work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife.2. What are they doing in order to protect those endangered animals? They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species. Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up.3. Can you guess the meaning of "sea sanctuaries"?It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected and allowed to live freely.Audioscript:A: Hello, I'm calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fund. If you've got a few minutes I'd like to tell you what that means.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction;turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil...B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are hunted for their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.B: Very interesting.A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a donation?Part II Christmas bird countsbe deemed：（被）认为，视为，断定fortunes ：命运critically：危急;严重perilous：危险的，冒险的at risk of ：有……危险imminent extinction：即将灭绝lose a species：丧失一个物种residents：居民maintaining：保持sustain：维持;支撑;忍受quality：质量sustaining the quality of lives ：维持生活质量John James Audubon ：约翰·詹姆斯·奥杜邦，1785年4月26日-1851年1月27日)，美国画家、博物学家，他绘制的鸟类图鉴被称作“美国国宝”illustrate：说明；描绘；画插图in their natural habitats：自然居住地conservationist：自然资源保护者，生态环境保护者feather：羽毛，翎毛manufacture：制造sponsored by ：赞助;发起the National Audubon Society：全国奥杜邦（鸟类保护）协会Bermuda：百慕大群岛（北大西洋西部群岛）Pacific islands：太平洋岛屿volunteer：志愿者bird count：鸟类的清点experienced：有经验的bird watcher：野鸟观察者，鸟类观察家diameter：直径observe：观察actually ：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎longest-running：播放时间最长的census：人口普查，统计;人口财产调查ornithology：鸟类学;鸟学scheduled：排定，进度表logistics：组织工作ideal：理想；目标virtually：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎identify ：识别，认出Panama：巴拿马esthetic value：审美价值indicator：指示器habitat alteration：栖息地变更signal：信号，暗号;预兆，征象degrade：降低，贬低;使降级degradation：退化;堕落;降级adversely：反对;不利地;有害地annual：每年Christmas bird counts：对诞（岛）数鸟decline：下降One in eight of the world's bird species is deemed globally threatened and the fortunes of 198 critically endangered species are now so perilous that they are at risk of imminent extinction. Many people feel that every time we lose a species, the world becomes a poorer place. The more successful we are at maintaining or improving the living conditions of the Earth'smany residents, the better our chances will be of sustaining the quality of all species' lives on Earth.A Listen to a news report. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes column according to the following cues. While listening for the second time, supply the missing information.Event: Christmas bird countsTime: from Christmas to Jan. 3rdSponsored by: the National Audubon SocietyParticipants:Numbers:more than 40,000 volunteersBackground: from all 50 states of the U.S., every Canadianprovince, parts of Central and SouthAmerica', Bermuda, the West Indiesand Pacific islandsNumber of bird counts this year: more than 1 600 separate bird countsThe logistics of bird counts: Each individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point.Origin of the National Audubon Society: It was named after an American artist John James Audubon, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society was founded in the late1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds.B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the report. Complete the summary of this year's Christmas bird counts.Christmas bird counts will start from Christmas to January 3rd., sponsored by the National Audubon Society. This year more than 40 000 volunteers from the U.S., Canada, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands will be outside counting birds. The counts are not only for experienced bird watchers but anyone that is interested or concerned as well.This year more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. Every individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point. Bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on t he number of birds they actually see.The traditional Christmas bird count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.Audioscript:John James Audubon was an American artist in the early 1800s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late 1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manufacture of women's hats.Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.This year, according to Mr. LeBaron , more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each individual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become involved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird."C Now listen to what Mr. Lebaron says about the information concerning birds. Complete the outline.OutlineI. Total number of known species -- about 9 300II. HabitatA. Larger numbers living in the warmer climatese.g. more than 300 different species counted in PanamaB. far fewer species native to colder climatesIII. ValueA. importance to the environment1. indicator of the quality of environment2. sensitive to habitat alterationB. esthetic value1. getting pleasure out of looking at birds andlistening to birds2. mental quality of life degraded without birds IV. Birds' populationA. some species -- decliningB. many types -- increasingAudioscript:Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300 different known species of birds. Larger numbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more than 300 different species have been counted in Panama, while far fewer species are native to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the environment because they can signal changes in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there including humans."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populations a source of wealth that humans must protect. "People get so much pleasure out of looking at birds and listening to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life,um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually increasing their populations.Part III Dolphin captivityin captivity：养在笼子（或池子，等）里；囚禁announcer：播音员thesis statements：文意，简述论文，论文主题Colorado Public Radio：科罗拉多州公共广播电台aquatic park：水上公园Denver：丹佛（美国科罗拉多州）ire：愤怒dolphin ：海豚instigate：教唆;煽动;激起a former navy dolphin trainer ：前海军海豚训练员Florida：佛罗里达州ranges：范围family-oriented：面向家庭的；群居的concrete tank：混凝土水箱，混凝土油罐，混凝土贮水池sonar：声呐装置bounce off：试探（某人对某一新设想和意见），大发议论ocean explorer：海洋探险家reject：拒绝;抛弃suicidal：自杀的，自杀性的;自我毁灭的，自取灭亡的;于己不利pool ：池子a very sophisticated brain：发达的大脑sophisticated：复杂的;精致的;富有经验的;深奥微妙的Portland：波特兰(俄勒冈州)Oregon.：俄勒冈州captive dolphins ：被捕的海豚Sarasota Bay：萨拉索塔湾（佛罗里达州）Florida：佛罗里达州the census data ：统计数据distribution：分配，分布debate：讨论;辩论;争论marine mammal：海洋哺乳动物organisms：有机体;生物operate：操作，运行metabolically：代谢的anti-educational：对抗教育，反教育，逆教育natural behavior ：自然行为alter：改变;更改stranded：处于困境的beach：海滩fractured ribs or jaws：头骨、肋骨、下颌骨骨折pros：同意，支持cons：反对We have learned a great deal by observing the animals kept in the zoo. However, wildlife is wild. Do you think we are protecting them or making them suffer by keeping them in captivity?A The following words are used in the news interview. Listen to the words first. Study the definitions carefully.1. ire: anger2. instigate: provoke to some action3. sonar: a method for finding and locating objects under water by means of the sound waves they reflect or produce4. bounce (off): (sound or light) reach the surface and is reflected back5. marine: of, near or living in the sea6. breed: produce offspring7. metabolically: pertaining to what is needed to function8. alter: change9. stranded: left abandonedB Listen to the news interview. There are five persons in it.Match column A with column B to indicate who's who.Then write out the thesis statements they are arguing about.Thesis Statement No. 1:Dolphins should be kept in captivity.Thesis Statement No. 2:There are educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity.C Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of theinterview. Write out each person's pros (agree with thethesis) or cons (disagree with the thesis) for each thesisstatement in note form.Audioscript:[Alan Tu is an announcer for Colorado Public Radio; Peter Jones is a reporter for Colorado Public Radio. The other speakers are identified in the report.]A: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captivedolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's OceanJourneys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "NoDolphins in Denver" campaign. As Colorado Public Radio'sPeter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn. P:Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolphins" campaign.R:Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect adolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity the dolphin population is dead.P:According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R:If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is veryfamily-oriented. These animals are separated from theirmothers; that's a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off the walls, they can't swim in the sameamount of time and direction that they can in the wild.P:Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. I've had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as hecould from one end of the pool on ... to the other side anddestroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a verysophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to playwith the lives of these animals.P:Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College inOregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death.And Duffield says life is generally getting better for captivedolphins.D: The census data say that every time I do a census, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at. So my feeling is that the trend incaptivity has been that the group of animals that we'refollowing are getting older, and if they continue to do that over the next five years, they will then indeed be older than the wild population.P:There is also a debate over the educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an important role in our basic understanding of the animals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do, and that watchingthem go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what ananimal needs, unless I know how it operates, how it breeds,what it needs metabolically, and I can't learn that from animals in the wild.P:But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because the animals' natural behavior patterns are altered by captivity.R:In the wild, you don't have dolphins who beat each other to death.There are no dolphins that I've ever seen stranded on the beach, who are suffering from fractured skulls, fractured ribs orfractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P:The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphinsin the park. For Colorado Public Radio, I'm Peter Jones.Part IV More about the topic:Wildlife in dangera profound effect：深远的影响ecosystems：生态系统upsetting：倾复unclear：不清楚adapt enough to：适应得够adapt to：使适应于，能应付survive：活命mountain：山forest：林giant panda：大熊猫roughly：大约bamboo：竹子staple food：主食Michigan State University：密歇根州立大学a dramatic impact：巨大影响the long-term solution：长期的解决方案long-term：长期的;长远heat-resistant：耐热的，抗热的notoriously：恶名昭彰地;声名狼藉地picky eater：好挑食shrink：收缩，皱缩;（使）缩水;退缩，畏缩shrinking fish：水温高鱼变小consequence：结果metabolic：新陈代谢的metabolic rates：代谢率oxygen：氧气stay alive：活着predict：预言，预测kill off：消灭，一个接一个地杀死projection：预测;规划，设计relatively：关系上地;相对地;比较calculate：计算;估计;打算，计划;旨在case study：个案研究;专题;研究实例;范例分析unexpectedly：未料到地，意外地;竟;居然;骤然North Atlantic cod：北大西洋鳕鱼underestimate：低估haddock：小口鳕，黑线鳕Climate change is having a profound effect on ecosystems around the world, upsetting and altering the lives of numerous species of animals. As temperatures continue to rise, it's unclear whether all species will be able to adapt enough to survive, especially as other species in their ecosystems adapt by getting smaller or larger.A In the following report, you will learn some facts about the giant panda, an endangered species in China. Listen carefully and supply the missing information.There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University."Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people have not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. It may also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet. Audioscript:There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University. "Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people haven not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. Itmay also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet.B The following report is about shrinking fish found in thesea as a consequence of global warming. While listening for the first time, note down as many key words as you can inthe left-hand column. After the second listening, fill in thegaps in the summary in the right-hand column with the help of the notes.Audioscript:Although projections of global temperature rises show relatively small changes at the bottom of the oceans, the resulting impacts on fish body size are "unexpectedly large", according to this research. As ocean temperatures increase, so do the body temperatures and metabolic rates of the fish. This means they use more oxygen to stay alive and, according to the researchers, they have less avalilable for growth.They've calculated that up to 2050, fish will shrink in size by between 14 and 24 percent, with the Indian and Atlantic Oceans worst affected. The warming waters are also likely to drive fish more towards the poles, leading to smaller species living in areas like the North Sea.According to the scientists, their models may underestimate the potential impacts. When they looked at case studies involving North Atlantic cod and haddock, they found that recorded data on these fish showed greater decreases in actual body size than the models predicted.Part V Do you know ...?catalog：目录，目录册，目录簿inhabit v.：居住the planet：这个行星（地球）estimate：估计，预测;报价，exceeding：胜过in the form of parks：在公园的形式下wildlife refuge：野生动物保护区reserve：保护区，保存，储备aquatic animal：水生动物crayfish：淡水螯虾（肉）;龙虾mussel：贻贝，蚌类;淡菜In general, an endangered species is one that's in immediate danger of becoming extinct. Its numbers are usually low, and it needs protection in order to survive.Listen to some facts about endangered species. Pay special attention to the numbers.Audioscript:● Scientists hav e cataloged more than one and one-half million ofthe species that exist on Earth today. By some recent estimates, at least 20 times that many species inhabit the planet.● Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimatethat the total number of species lost each year may climb to40,000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.● Around the world more than 3 500 protected areas exist in theform of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 million square miles (5 million square km, or 3% of our total land area).● Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States areclassified as endangered. More than 1,000 animal species areendangered worldwide.● Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America,a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish speciesand nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble. Part VI Reminder of key points inthis unitPart VII Watch and enjoyYou're going to watch a video clip taken from Saving Species, a program by National Geographic Society. Watch carefully and decide whether the following statements are True or False. Write "T" or "F" for each statement.endangered species.creatures.plants and animals in immediate danger of extinction.endangered species in the America.of a biological catastohpe.depend utterly on other creatures for our very survival and therefore they're our companions in the biosphere.Videoscript::The first Europeans on this continent had a common enemy to conquer. It was called nature. America seemed to be an endless expanse of hostile wilderness. Bison wandered along the Potomac. Grizzly bears strolled the beaches of California. Human beings did not even know it was possible for a species to go extinct, but we。
2023年贵州省贵阳市中考模拟测试英语试题
2023年贵州省贵阳市中考模拟测试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、短文选词填空阅读下面短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有一个为多余Recently we had a Science and Technology Festival at school. There were exciting exhibitions of things like telescopes and models of rockets.The most unforgettable thingchance to make a plane! I chose the blueprint（设计图）of a plane and pressed the button oncolorful lines on it, I was more than happy. It was such a special experience!We ____5____ did other experiments（实验）. Some of my classmates enjoyed the experiment of making tofu. Others enjoyed ____6____ robots racing. These activities not only gave us more knowledge but also more interest in exploring this amazing world.二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Kaishan Island is in China’s Yellow Sea. The island only covers an area of 0.013 km2. It is about the size of two football fields, and has very ____7____ living conditions. However, for 32 years, a husband and his wife lived a hard life there as guardians (守卫者) of the____8____. They are Wang Jicai and Wang Shihua.Now Director Chen Li has put Wang and his wife’s story on the ____9____. The movie shows several events in their lives, such as their arrival at the island, helping people in need, ____10____ with criminals, and celebrating the Spring Festival with their family on the island. These scenes show the love and inner world of Wang and his wife, and their simplebelief—to guard the island is to ____11____ the country.In order to reproduce (重现) the couple’s lives, the film team traveled to Kaishan Island many times. They ____12____ life there. They also lived alongside Wang Shihua to have a better understanding of the work of an island guardian. The ____13____ tried their best to get into the character. Liu Ye played Wang Jicai in the film. He said that he sat in the sun every day at the beach to make himself look ____14____, and he got sunburned several times.In 2018, Wang Jicai died of illness at 58. After his ____15____, Wang Shihua applied (申请) to take over her husband’s work. This movie will help us get close to this ____16____ couple. So, please still yourself and watch it.7．A ．safeB ．commonC ．poor 8．A ．townB ．villageC ．island 9．A ．radioB ．screenC ．stage 10．A ．fightingB ．arguingC ．talking 11．A ．saveB ．protectC ．praise 12．A ．enjoyedB ．expectedC ．experienced 13．A ．actorsB ．soldiersC ．farmers 14．A ．darkerB ．heavierC ．smarter 15．A ．birthB ．growthC ．death 16．A ．richB ．greatC ．young三、阅读单选Are you interested in some fun science experiments? Here is a small experiment of a17．The parachute is made up of ______, pieces of sing and an object in this experiment. A．a cloth bag B．a paper bag C．a plastic bag 18．How many things are unchanged in the experiment?A．3.B．4.C．5.19．What probably influences the speed of the parachute during the dropping?A．The length of the parachute’s string.B．The weight of the parachute’s object.C．The size of the parachute’s surface area.20．Which subject is the experiment mainly connected with?A．B．C．Where would you go if you needed to find out about the capital of Brazil? Where would you look if you wanted to see funny cat videos? Where would you share pictures of yourself with friends? The Internet, of course! Yes, the Internet is good for all these things and millions more. The Internet has made the way we live our lives more convenient than it was in the past.Along with the good comes the bad, though. If you think the Internet is a safe place, then think again. Like in the real world, some things might be harmful on the Internet, so it’s necessary to learn how to stay safe online.First, you should never give out your personal information online: your name, your address, your phone number, your birth date, etc. Check with an adult before providing any of this information for anyone.Second, choose email addresses and screen names carefully. Make sure they don’t reveal personal information about you. For example, don’t use your real name as your screen name. Passwords (密码) should also be nearly impossible to guess.Third, remember the Internet has a way of spreading things around quickly. Anything you post might be seen by everyone and remembered forever. If you wouldn’t want a friend or parent to see something, it’s probably something you shouldn’t post in the first place.Finally, don’t do or say things online that you wouldn’t do or say in person. Treat others the way you want to be treated—both in the real world and online. If you ever feel like you’re being cyberbullied (网络欺凌), be sure to report it to an adult!21．What does the underlined word “reveal” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．Hide.B．Tell.C．Write.22．Which of the following is suggested in the passage?A．Posting everything online in the first place.B．Asking parents for help while being cyberbullied.C．Providing personal information without adults’ agreement.23．What’s the purpose of the passage?A．To teach us how to stay safe on the Internet.B．To show us the disadvantages of the Internet.C．To let us know the convenience of the Internet.24．Where is the passage probably taken from?A．A diary.B．An advertisement.C．A magazine.For nature lovers, there will soon be new places to visit. China has announced the list of its first five national parks.National parks are large areas of public land. They are designed for the protection of ecosystems. They give a safe home to local plants and animals. They help keep the air and water clean.The five parks’ protected land area is 230,000 km2, covering nearly 30 percent of the key wildlife species (物种) in China. Each park has distinct features (鲜明的特征).For example, Three-River-Source National Park is the largest national park in China. Covering 190,700 km2, it is about 14 times the area of Yellowstone National Park in the United States. It is home to the sources of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers. People call it “China’s water tower”.Giant Panda National Park, on the other hand, connects panda habitats in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu. There are more than 1,600 wild giant pandas inside the park, accounting for more than 70 percent of the pandas in China.China hopes the national parks will benefit the public. Nature observation (观察) activities will be held to help travelers learn about animals and plants. Local people living in the parks can also run eco-friendly businesses. In Three-River-Source National Park, more than 17 thousand local people have found jobs, such as park rangers (护林员) since 2016.“A win-win situation has been realized between the ecological (生态的) protection of these areas and development,” said Zhao Yingmin, vice-minister of China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment.25．Why are China’s first five national parks designed?A．For the visit of nature lovers.B．For the protection of ecosystems.C．For the nature observation activities.26．How does the writer introduce the distinct features of the national parks?A．By giving examples.B．By asking questions.C．By making surveys. 27．What can we learn about Three-River-Source National Park?A．It covers an area of 230,000 km2.B．More than 1,600 wild giant pandas live there.C．Over 17,000 local people have got jobs there.28．What could be the best title for this passage?A．National Parks in ChinaB．Fantastic Places for TouristsC．New Businesses for the Locals四、阅读还原6选5Let’s be honest with ourselves-most of us probably have a few bad habits, and the ymight be anything from eating unhealthy to not getting enough sleep. Bad habits offer us acreate good habits that will improve our lives.Experts believe the first step to break a bad habit is admitting (承认) you have a bad habit. ___30___ When you understand the root problem, it becomes much easier to nip it in the bud (将它扼杀在萌芽状态). Then, replace your bad habit with a good one. For example, if you overeat when you get bored,try exercising instead. And the rest is persistence (坚持). ___31___ Many experts believe it can take three weeks to form a new, good habit. Habits can be difficult to break because you’ve had them for a long time, and it takes time and patience for you to change…Breaking a bad habit is challenging. ___32___ Keep the end goal in mind, but realize that a long journey is made up of many small steps. Reward yourself as you successfully take those small steps. Reaching the end goal will be its own reward, so give yourself some encouragement along the way.___33___ Family and friends can help you break bad habits. When you’re having a hard time, they can be there to back you up and provide the courage you need to follow through.Believe it or not, all bad habits can be broken with some work. Ready to take on the challenge?A．How can you build a good habit?B．But we have the ability to break them.C．If you don't succeed at first, try again.D．So take small steps and be kind to yourself.E．Sometimes, you may need support from others.F．Along with admitting you have it, try to find out why you got into the bad habit.五、多任务混合阅读阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。
(外研版)高中英语必修第二册 Unit 6单元测试试卷01及答案
单元测试第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the weather turn to be sunny?A. This afternoon.B. Tomorrow morning.C. Tomorrow afternoon.2. On which day will the woman hold her birthday party?A. Friday.B. Saturday.C. Sunday.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. Who designed the cup.B. Where the cup was made.C. How the woman got the cup.4. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Neighbors.B. Friends.C. Couple.5. What place does the man like best?A. Mont Saint Michel.B. Pyramids of Giza.C. Bagan City.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How many people visited the Temple with the woman?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.7. How did the woman learn about the Temple?A. From the Internet.B. From the locals.C. From the guide.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
新视野大学英语读写教程【第三版】第三册课文原文与翻译
Unit 1Text A Never, ever give up!永不言弃！1 As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide.英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士，小时候在哈罗公学上学。
当时他可不是个好学生，要不是出身名门，他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。
谢天谢地，他总算从哈罗毕业了，在那里犯下的错误并没影响到他上大学。
蓝皮书C级阅读理解(答案版)
蓝皮书C级真题5套阅读理解(答案版)Test11) We continue（继续）our program（项目）for students in other countries who want to study in the United States. Last week, we talked about the University of Southern California（南加州大学）. Students at U.S.C. get to experience life（体验生活）in America's second-largest city,Los Angeles（洛杉矶）, on the West Coast（美国西海岸）. This week, we discuss another school with a large number of foreign students. It is all the way across the country, in New York City.New York University has forty-eight thousand（4万8千）students. More than four thousand of them are from outside the United States.NYU offers（提供）many different programs of study. Also, students get to experiencethe United States. Her opinion may have something to do with（和…有关）her job: she is director（主任）of the International Student Office at NYU.1) The largest city in the United States is ________.（细节题）A：Los Angeles B：New York CityC：West Coast D：California2) The word "coolest" in the third paragraph probably means ________. （推断题）A：coldest B：worst C：best D：biggest3) NYU is short for _______.（细节题）A：the University of Southern CaliforniaB：New York UniversityC：International Student OfficeD：the United States4) About _________ of the students in New York University are from other countries.（细节题）A：15% B：20% C：2% D：9%5) This passage is mostly about _________ in the United States. （综合题）A：student numbers B：school lifeC：two universities D：foreign students2) To me, music is food and water. I can't live without it（不能没有它而生活）. I know this is not true for everybody. Many people don't listen to music and they can get along quite well（继续很好的生活下去）. But music is everywhere in our life. For example, when you watch films or TV plays（看电影或电视剧）, do you find（认为）them interesting if thereplane, you would like music because it makes the time seem shorter.It is true that（…是真的）music is everywhere in our life. Some people like to sit by the sea（坐在海边）and listen to the sound of the sea. Some enjoy listening to the singing of birds. Those sounds are some kinds of music. So music has meaning（含义）for everyone in some way or other（以这样或那样的方式）. Of course, it has special meaning for people like me. We spend our lives playing or writing music.Someone said, "Through music a child goes into a world of beauty（一个美丽的世界）, learns to take care of （照顾）others and makes his mind and body（思想和身体）strong." Music is an important part of our lives.1) The passage tells us that the writer ________. （细节题）A：likes to sit by the sea B：is not interested in musicC：likes to travel by plane D：likes music very much2) The word "boring" in the first paragraph means ________. （细节题）A：interesting B：not interestingC：tiring D：foolish3) Music is important to ________. （推断题）A：some people B：everyoneC：nobody D：the writer only4) Listening to music can ________ when you are waiting for the train. （细节题）A：make time fly quickly B：help you save timeC：make time short D：make you feel time passes more quickly5) Which of the following is TRUE? （综合题）A：The writer likes to write music every day.B：The writer becomes strong through music.C：Most people like to listen to the sound of the sea.D：Music has some kind of meaning to everyone.Test 21) The Winter Olympics（冬奥会）is also called the White Olympics. At this time, many colorful stamps（邮票）are published（出版、发行）to mark the great Games（纪念这一伟大的运动会）. The first set（套）of stamps came out on January 25, 1932 in the United States for the 3rd White Olympics. From then on, publishing stamps during the White Olympics became a rule.During the 4th Winter Olympic Games a group of stamps were published in Germany in November 1935. The five rings of Olympics （奥运会五环）were printed on the front of the sportswear（运动服）. It was the first time that the symbol（标志）appeared（出现）on the stamps of the White Olympics. In the 1950's, the stamps of this kind became more colorful. When the White Olympics came, the host countries（主办国）as well as（以及）the non-host countries published stamps to mark those Games. China also published four stamps in February 1980, when the Chinese sportsmen began to march into the area （进入到该领域）of the White Olympics.Altogether（总共）14500 million stamps were sold to raise money（筹集款项）for this sports meet. Different kinds of sports were printed on these small stamps. People can enjoy the beauty of the wonderful movements of some players.1) The White Olympics and the Winter Olympics ________. （细节题）A：are of the same kind of Games B：are of different kinds of GamesC：are both held in winter D：are held in different times2) It was ____ that the world made it a rule to publish stamps to mark the great Games.（细节题）A：after 1950 B：after 1932 C：after 1935 D：from 1980(3) From the passage we know the symbol of five rings came into being ________.（细节题）A：in November 1935 B：in the 1950'sC：first in Germany D：before November 19354) In 1980, 14500 million stamps were sold out in order to raise money for ________.（细节题）A：an Asian Games B：its own peopleC：paying for its war D：the White Olympics5) Who published stamps to mark Olympic Games when the Games came?（细节题）A：The host countries.B：The non-host countries.C：The host countries and the non-host countries.D：International Olympic Committee.2) Do you know Edison（爱迪生）wore many caps（帽子）during his life? First he was just a poor working boy. He wore work caps of many kinds. Later in life he became a famous inventor（发明家）. Then he wore the caps of many famous schools and colleges. But his most important cap was his thinking cap.When he was a young boy, Edison's thinking cap saved his mother's life（救了他母亲的命）. One night, she suddenly felt ill. A doctor was called in. He had to o perate on her （给她动手术）at once（立即）, but there was not enough light（没有足够的光线）in the room. Edison quickly put on his thinking cap. He got all the oil lights（油灯）in the house and put them on a long table. Then he placed（放置）a big mirror（镜子）behind them. At once the room was quite bright. The doctor could operate, and his mother was saved.Edison was a thinking man. Yet, he was a working man and doing man, too. He was good with his hands and his head. Edison's inventions（发明）have changed the world greatly. Today, big trains run on electricity（电）. Electricity lights light up the streets of towns and villages. Science uses it every day.Records（录音）, shining lights, moving pictures（电影）and ringing telephones（电话）are very common（普遍）now. Edison's thinking cap made them. Usually, caps keep the head warm. But thinking caps keep the world warm.1) The passage shows that Edison was very ________ when he was a young boy.（推断题）A：clever B：stupid C：ill D：warm2) Edison was the inventor of records, lights, moving pictures, and ________.（细节题）A：wheels B：telephones C：computers D：caps3) When the doctor was to operate, the room was dark because there was no ________.（细节题）A：windows B：caps C：enough lights D：fire4) The thinking cap in the passage probably refers to _______.（推断题）A：Edison's talents B：a thick hatC：a poor working boy D：a schoolboy5) Which of the following is NOT true?（综合题）A：Edison was good with his hands and his head.B：The doctor did not do very well in the operation.C：Edison invented many things and changed the world greatly.D：With Edison's help, the doctor saved his mother.Test 31) Years ago, zoos（动物园）kept all kinds of animals in small cages（笼子）. Small cages made it easy for people to see the animals, but small cage is not a good place for an animal to live in.Today zoos keep animals in different kinds of cages. The cages are very big and open. They usually have plants（植物）and a little lake. The cages look like the animals' habitats（动物的栖息地）.Zoos help to protect（保护）all kinds of animals. They protect animals in the zoo and they protect animals in the wild（在野外）. How do they do this? Zoos teach people how animals live in the wild. Zoos want people to help protect the animals' wild habitats（动物的野外栖息地）.Many plants and animals are going extinct（灭绝）. Mammoths（猛犸象）, which are related with（和…有关）Asia elephants（亚洲象）, are now extinct. There are no mammoths in the world today. Scientists say that seventy-four different kinds of living things go extinct every day!Zoos are working together to stop animals from going extinct.1) Zoos kept animals in small cages so that people can ________.（细节题）A：protect them B：see them betterC：feed them D：save them2) Today, zoos keep animals ________.（细节题）A：in bigger cages B：at homeC：in smaller cages D：in the forest3) To protect animals, zoos ________.（细节题）A：are trying to keep all kinds of animals B：are trying to free the animalsC：teach people more about animals D：want people to feed the animals4) A mammoth is a kind of ________ that has gone extinct.（细节题）A：plant B：bird C：animal D：tree5) An animal or a plant that is going extinct ________.（推断题）A：has more and more living members B：comes into this world soonC：becomes very dangerous D：has fewer and fewer living members 2) Mr. Jackson worked in a hospital. A lot of patients（病人）went to see him and he was very busy and had little time to have a rest（休息）in the day. One night, when he looked over（仔细检查）the last patient, it was five to one（差5分1点）. He was too tired to say a word and went to bed at once. When he fell asleep（睡着）, a farmer（农夫）began to knock at the door and got him up（叫他起床）."My wife is ill," shouted（大喊）the farmer. "Please go and look her over." Mr. Jackson had to go out with the farmer. It was the coldest night of the year and there was snow and ice on the road. The farmer lived far away from（距离遥远）the city and they went through a forest（森林）, crossed（渡过、穿过）two rivers and a mountain. After three hours, they got to the short, small house. And they were tired, cold and hungry.The woman stayed in bed. She looked fine. Mr. Jackson looked her over carefully andfound there was nothing serious with her（她没有什么严重的问题）. He became angry（生气的）. He called the farmer out and said, "Your wife is strong and healthy（强壮健康的）, you know. Why did you ask me to come here late at night?" "I'm sorry, sir," said the farmer. "My wife never does anything at home. I thought she was ill. We're poor. In the day, when you are busy, I can't go for you. If you come at night when you're free（有空的、免费的）, we'll give you nothing."1) It was ________ for Mr. Jackson to get to the farmer's house.（推断题）A：difficult B：easy C：fun D：happy2) When Mr. Jackson and the farmer got to the house, it was ________.（计算题）A：five to one B：two C：three D：about four3) Mr. Jackson was angry with ________.（细节题）A：the farmer B：the woman C：the weather D：himself4) ________, so he fell asleep soon.（细节题）A：It was time to go to bed for Mr. Jackson B：Mr. Jackson was very tired that night C：Mr. Jackson felt unhappy that night D：Mr. Jackson was angry that night5) The farmer went for Mr. Jackson very late at night because ________.（推断题）A：he wanted to play a joke on him B：he was busy in the dayC：his wife was going to die D：he wanted to save some moneyTest 41) A man and his wife had a small restaurant（餐馆）near a station. The restaurant often stayed open（一直营业）until after midnight（直到午夜后）, because people came to drink and have meals while they were waiting for trains.At two o'clock one morning, a farmer was still sitting at a table there. He was asleep （睡着的）. The wife of the owner（主人）of the restaurant was very sleepy（瞌睡的）and wanted to go to bed. She looked at the farmer several times（几次）and waited for him to wake（醒过来）and go, but each time she looked at the farmer, he was still there sleeping. Then at last she went to her husband and said to him, "You have wakened（叫醒）him six times now, but, why haven't you sent him away（送走他）? It's very late.""Oh, no, I don't want to send him away," answered her husband. "You see, whenever I wake him up, he asks for his bill, and when I give him the bill, he pays it and then goes to sleep again."1) Who was the owner of the small restaurant?（推断题）A：The farmer. B：The wife.C：The husband.D：Both the men and the wife.2) Why did people come to drink in the restaurant after midnight? （细节题）A：Because they liked the restaurant.B：Because it was near the station and people could eat there while waiting for trains.C：Because it was cheap to eat there.D：Because you could sleep there after meal.3) Why was the farmer asleep at a table?（推断题）A：Because he had missed the train. B：Because he was too tired.C：Because he was drunk. D：The story does not tell us.4) The wife wanted to send the farmer away because ________.（细节题）A：she was sleepy and wanted to go to bed B：she didn't like himC：she wanted to clean the table D：she wanted the farmer to pay more 5) The husband didn't want to send the fanner away because each time he woke him up, he could get ________ money from him.（细节题）A：much B：more C：less D：little2) The lunar New Year (阴历新年) always starts between January the twenty-first and February the twentieth.Before New Year's Day, people do a good cleaning（大扫除）to their houses. On the last day of the old year, there is a family dinner（全家聚餐）. All members（成员）of the family except（除了）married daughters（已婚的女儿们）try to come for their meal. After the dinner, they stay late（熬夜）to welcome the New Year（迎接新年到来）.The New Year Celebration（庆祝活动）keeps on（持续）for a few days. On the morning of the first day, children and unmarried（未婚的）people go to visit their elders （拜访长辈）. After that, people pay New Year calls（拜年）to each other and give each other gifts.During the festival（节日）all the main streets（主要街道）are full of （充满）people, and if you can get onto a bus without having to fight your way in（挤出一条路进去）, you're really lucky（走运的）!1) As we know, January 1 is ________.（细节题）A：the lunar New Year Day B：not a holidayC：the Spring Festival D：New Year's Day2) What day is the lunar New Year's Eve?（细节题）A：Between December 1 of the old year and January 1 of the New Year.B：Before January 19.C：Between January the 21st and February the 20th.D：After February the twentieth.3) People do their houses a good cleaning during the last few days of the old year ________.（细节题）A：to welcome family members B：to welcome the New YearC：to say goodbye to the old year D：to welcome married daughter and their husbands 4) It's the custom（风俗）________.（细节题）A：to stay up to welcome the New Year on the lunar New Year's EveB：to stay up late to welcome the New Year on New Year's DayC：not to go to bed on December the thirtiethD：not to go to bed on the lunar New Year's Day5) In this passage the writer tells us how people celebrate ________.（推断题）A：the New Year B：the last day of the old yearC：the lunar New Year D：New Year's DayTest 51) Do you like traveling（旅行）? When you visit London, one of the first things you will see is Big Ben（大本钟）, the famous clock（钟表）which can be heard all over the world on the BBC. If the Houses of Parliament（国会大厦）had not been burned down（烧毁）in 1834, the great clock would never have been set up.Big Ben takes its name from（从…得到它的名字）Sir Benjamin Hall who made the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were being built. It is not only large, but is very exact（精确）as well. People have the clock checked twice a day.On the BBC, you can hear the clock when it is actually striking（报时）because microphones (麦克风)are connected（连接）to the clock tower（钟楼）.Big Ben has rarely （很少）gone wrong（走错）. Once, however, it failed to give the correct time. A painter （粉刷工）who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint（一罐涂料）on one of the hands（指针）and slowed it down（使它变慢）.1) Big Ben is ________.（细节题）A：a famous builder in London B：a famous painter in EnglandC：a famous singer in the world D：a famous clock in the world2) The Houses of Parliament were ________.（细节题）A：burn down in 1834 and rebuilt the next year B：never burnt down at allC：rebuilt before the clock was set up D：burnt down in 1834 after the clock was made3) Benjamin Hall is ________. （细节题）A：a big hall B：a would-famous clockC：an engineer of the new Houses D：the person who made the clock4) Big Ben is famous all over the world because ________. （细节题）A：it is big B：it is oldC：it tells exact time D：both A and C5) Which of the following is NOT true? （综合题）A：We can hear the clock striking on BBC.B：The microphones of BBC are connected to the clock tower.C：Big Ben failed to give the correct time twice.D：Big Ben was checked twice a day.2) As late as 1800（直到1800年）, women's only place was in the home. The idea of women in the business world was unthinkable（不可思议的）. Men thought that no woman could do a good job outside the home. When the well-known Bronte sisters（勃朗特三姐妹，英国著名作家）began writing books in 1846, they had to sign their books with men's names（以男性的名字署名）instead.Teaching was the first profession（职业）open（开放）to women after 1800. But even that was not an easy profession for women to enter because most schools and colleges were open only to men.Hospital nursing became a respectable（令人尊敬的）job for women only after Nightingale（南丁格尔）became famous. Seeing that she was not only a nurse but also a rich and well-educated woman, people began to believe it was possible for women to nurse the sick（照顾病人）and still be "ladies". Miss Nightingale opened England's first training school（培训学校）for nurses in 1860.The invention（发明）of the typewriter（打字机）in 1867 helped to bring women out of the home and into the business world. By 1900, thousands of women were working at real jobs in schools, hospitals and offices in both England and America. Some women even managed to （设法成为）become doctors or lawyers（律师）. The idea that womencould work in the business world had been accepted.1) The first job outside the home for women was ________.（细节题）A：teaching B：nursing C：business D：law2) It was believed in 1800 that ________. （细节题）A：women could do as well as menB：no women could do well in the jobs outside homesC：women could be good writersD：teaching was the right job for women.3) The first training school for nurses was set up in _______.（细节题）A：1867 B：1800 C：1860 D：19004) Women began to work in offices after _______. （细节题）A：1900 B：1860 C：1867 D：18005) Which of the following is NOT true?（综合题）A：Nightingale was rich and well-educated.B：The Bronte sisters used their true names when they published their books. C：Women could be good nurses.D：Women could work in the business world.。
《柳林风声》第三章读后感英文版
《柳林风声》第三章读后感英文版The third chapter of "The Wind in the Willows," titled "The Wild Wood," plunges us deeper into the enchanting world of the riverbank and its surrounding wilderness. In this chapter, we witness the contrasting personalities of the characters, especially the cautious Mole and the daring Rat. Their journey into the Wild Wood is not merely a physical adventure but also an exploration of friendship and the balance between fear and curiosity.As the chapter unfolds, it becomes evident that the Wild Wood symbolizes the unknown, filled with both beauty and danger. Mole's initial hesitation and fear of venturing into the woods evoke a deep sense of empathy. Many readers can relate to this fear of the unknown, which is often a reflection of our own anxieties when faced with new challenges. Rat, on the other hand, embodies a spirit ofbravery and confidence. His eagerness to explore the woods showcases the importance of having friends who encourage us to step beyond our comfort zones.The contrasting dynamics between Mole and Rat are particularly significant. Rat’s dismissive attitude toward Mole's fear highlights an essential theme of the story: the importance of understanding and respecting one another's feelings. Rat's nonchalant demeanor can come off as insensitivity, but it also serves as a catalyst for Mole's growth. Their friendship is tested in the depths of the Wild Wood, where Mole’s vulnerability becomes apparent. Readers observe how friendship can become a source of strength, as Rat ultimately reassures Mole and guides him through the darkness.The chapter is rich with vivid descriptions of the Wild Wood itself. The imagery brings the setting to life, with the tangled branches and the dim light creating an atmosphere ofboth beauty and foreboding. This duality mirrors the emotions experienced within the characters; the fear of the unknown is ever-present but so is the allure of adventure. The author expertly juxtaposes the serene comfort of the riverbank with the wild, chaotic energy of the woods, reinforcing the idea that life is filled with contrasts.In conclusion, Chapter Three of "The Wind in the Willows" offers profound insights into friendship, fear, and the journey into the unknown. It teaches us about the importance of companionship during times of uncertainty and encourages us to embrace the adventures waiting just beyond our comfort zones. Through the bond between Mole and Rat, readers are reminded that facing our fears is often best done together, transforming scary experiences into cherished memories. This chapter not only moves the plot forward but also provides valuable life lessons that resonate with readers of all ages.。
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Across
2. tiny wingless insect 5. amphibian that looks like a lizard 6. large, furry omnivorous mammal
Down
1. mammal with backward-curving horns 3. large, carnivorous cat 4. nocturnal bird with excellent hearing 5. reptile with no legs
Super Teacher Worksheets
Name: _______________________
The Mountain Ecosystem
Crossword Puzzle
Use animals mentioned in the article, “The Mountain Ecosystem” to complete the puzzle.
2.
What happens as you climb higher and higher up a mountain? d a. You see more animals. b. The temperature rises. c. Forests become thicker. d. The temperature drops.
Super Teacher Worksheets -
ANSWER KEY
The Mountain Ecosystem
by Kimberly M. Hutmacher
1.
Define habitat. A habitat is where a plant or animal lives and grows.
2.
What happens as you climb higher and higher up a mountain? a. You see more animals. b. The temperature rises. c. Forests become thicker. d. The temperature drops.
mountainside and leave the forest behind for grasslands and maybe a stream. Here, you might encounter a mountain lion stalking its prey or a salamander slipping underneath of a leaf to hide. Goats might be leaping from rock to rock. Climb even higher, toward the top, and you'll notice a change in the temperature. It's getting colder and snow is covering the mountaintops. There aren't many plants near the mountaintop, but you might see fuzzy lichen covering rocks like carpeting. The air is thin at the top of the mountain, which makes it difficult for large animals to breathe. When people climb very large mountains, they often take special air tanks filled with oxygen. Even though you won't seen many big animals, millions of tiny insects like snow fleas might dot the landscape. Depending on the elevation, you could see deserts, river valleys, meadows, forests and snow caps all on one mountain. And with each unique habitat, comes unique plant and animal life.
Super Teacher Worksheets -
Name: _______________________
The Mountain Ecosystem
by Kimberly M. Hutmacher
1.
Define habitat. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________
Super Teacher Worksheets -
ANSWER KEY
The Mountain Ecosystem
Crossword Puzzle
Use animals mentioned in the article, “The Mountain Ecosystem” to complete the puzzle.
Across
2. tiny wingless insect (flea) 5. amphibian that looks like a lizard (salamander) 6. large, furry omnivorous mammal (bear)
Down
1. mammal with backward-curving horns (goat) 3. large, carnivorous cat (lion) 4. nocturnal bird with excellent hearing (owl) 5. reptile with no legs (snake)
3.
What types of animals would you be most likely to see near the top of a mountain? a. bears c. owls b. insects d. There are no animals at the top.
4.
What type of habitat would you would probably find at the base of a mountain? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
5.
Why do you think most mountains do not have large lakes on them. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
Super Teacher Worksheets -
What type of habitat would you would probably find at the base of a moቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱntain? You might find forests filled with plants and trees.
5.
Why do you think most mountains do not have large lakes on them. Most mountains do not have large lakes near the top because gravity pulls the water downwards, through streams or rivers, to the base of the mountain.
3.
What types of animals would you be most likely to see near the top of a mountain? b a. bears c. owls b. insects d. There are no animals at the top.
4.
Name: _______________________
The Mountain Ecosystem
by Kimberly M. Hutmacher
A habitat is where a plant or animal lives and grows. A habitat is part of an ecosystem where lots of different plants and animals live. Mountains, with their many levels are an ecosystem containing many different habitats. At the base of a mountain, you will probably find a forest filled with lots of plants and trees. A grizzly bear or a garter snake might cross your path. You might catch a glimpse of an owl in a tree. Climb higher, toward the middle of the