莎士比亚十四行诗第八首赏析
莎士比亚十四行诗第八首赏析
我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？ Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和：可爱更温和： Thou art more lovely and more temperate:狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断，狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断， Rough Rough winds winds winds do do do shake shake shake the the the darling darling darling buds buds buds of of of May,May,夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过；夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过； And summer's lease hath all too short a date:有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热，有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热， Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗；它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗； And often is his gold complexion dimmed,而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落，而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落， And every fair from fair sometime declines,被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜； By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: 但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽，夏天将没有止尽， But thy eternal summer shall not fade,你所拥有的美貌也不会消失，你所拥有的美貌也不会消失， Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫，死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫， Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时；当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时； When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛，只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛， So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。
赏析莎士比亚十四行诗仲夏夜之梦
赏析莎士比亚十四行诗仲夏夜之梦【原创实用版】目录一、引言：介绍莎士比亚及其作品《仲夏夜之梦》二、莎士比亚的十四行诗概述三、赏析莎士比亚的十四行诗《仲夏夜之梦》四、结论：总结全文，表达对莎士比亚及其作品的敬意正文一、引言莎士比亚是英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧家和诗人之一，他的作品不仅在英国文学史上占有重要地位，同时也深受世界各国文学爱好者的喜爱。
其中，《仲夏夜之梦》是莎士比亚的一部经典喜剧作品，该剧以轻松幽默的方式探讨了爱情、友谊和家庭等主题，成为了世界文学史上的一部佳作。
二、莎士比亚的十四行诗概述莎士比亚的十四行诗是其诗歌创作的代表作品之一，这些诗歌以其优美的语言、深刻的思想和丰富的情感赢得了广大读者的喜爱。
莎士比亚的十四行诗主要涉及爱情、生命、死亡、友谊等主题，其中许多诗句都成为了英语文学中的经典名句。
三、赏析莎士比亚的十四行诗《仲夏夜之梦》在《仲夏夜之梦》中，莎士比亚通过描绘一系列奇妙的梦境，展现了爱情和友谊的复杂关系。
其中，诗句“我可将你比作夏天吗？”（Shall I compare thee to a summer"s day?）是该剧最为著名的诗句之一，通过把恋人比作夏天，表达了对爱情的热情赞美。
此外，该剧中还有许多其他优美的诗句，如“真爱的旅程是崎岖的，不是因为血统的差异，不是因为年龄的悬殊，不是因为亲友的选择，而是因为战争、死亡或疾病。
”（Love"sjourney is not smooth, not because of blood, not because of age, not because of friends" choice, but because of war, death or disease.）等，这些诗句深刻地反映了莎士比亚对人生的理解和对爱情的思考。
四、结论总的来说，莎士比亚的《仲夏夜之梦》是一部充满诗意和幽默感的作品，它通过一系列奇妙的梦境展现了爱情和友谊的复杂关系，同时也深刻地反映了人生的曲折和困难。
英语诗歌-鉴赏莎士比亚Sonnet 8
separate rhyming scheme in the final two lines.
What are Shakespeare’s sonnets about?
• Shakespeare’s sonnets can be broken down into three subcategories according to themes. • Since it is not known who organized his sonnets, either Shakespeare grouped his sonnets
• The third four lines of a sonnet make of the Third Quatrain. It should round off the sonnet’s theme. Sometimes this is done by using a twist or conflict.
purposely according to their themes or the publisher went through them, recognized the themes, and ordered them according to their relevance. • Sonnets 1-17 have a common theme of procreating. • Sonnets 1-126 are all addressed to a young man. • Sonnets 127-154 share the theme of a dark lady.
莎士比亚著名十四行诗鉴赏莎士比亚著名的十四行诗
莎士比亚著名十四行诗鉴赏莎士比亚著名的十四行诗莎士比亚著名十四行诗鉴赏莎士比亚著名十四行诗鉴赏莎士比亚十四行诗：How sweet and lovely dost thou make the shame Which, like a canker in the fragrant rose, Doth spot the beauty of thy budding name! O, in what sweets dost thou thy sins enclose! That tongue that tells the story of thy days, Making lascivious comments on thy sport, Cannot dispraise but in a kind of praise;Naming thy name blesses an ill report. O, what a mansion have those vices got Which for their habitation chose out thee, Where beauty“s veil doth cover every blot, And all things turn to fair that e yes can see! Take heed, dear heart, of this large privilege;The hardest knife ill-used doth lose his edge. 耻辱被你弄成多温柔多可爱! 恰像馥郁的玫瑰花心的毛虫，它把你含苞欲放的美名污败! 哦，多少温馨把你的罪过遮蒙! 那讲述你的生平故事的长舌，想对你的娱乐作淫猥的评论，只能用一种赞美口气来贬责：一提起你名字，诬蔑也变谄佞。
哦，那些罪过找到了多大的华厦，当它们把你挑选来作安乐窝，在那儿美为污点披上了轻纱，在那儿触目的一切都变清和! 警惕呵，心肝，为你这特权警惕;最快的刀被滥用也失去锋利! 莎士比亚十四行诗：Some say thy fault is youth, some wantonness;Some say thy grace is youth and gentle sport;Both grace and faults are loved of more and less;Thou makest faults graces that to thee resort. As on the finger of a throned queen The basest jewel will be well esteem“d, So are thoseerrors that in thee are seen To truths translated and for true things deem"d. How many lambs might the stem wolf betray, If like a lamb he could his looks translate! How many gazers mightst thou lead away, If thou wouldst use the strength of all thy state! But do not so;I love thee in such sort As, thou being mine, mine is thy good report. 有人说你的缺点在年少放荡;有人说你的魅力在年少风流;魅力和缺点都多少受人赞赏：缺点变成添在魅力上的锦绣。
莎士比亚经典十四行诗附译文
莎士比亚经典十四行诗附译文莎士比亚十四行诗结构技巧和语言技巧都很高，每首诗都有独立的审美价值，让人沉醉于优美的文字当中。
下面是店铺为大家带来莎士比亚经典十四行诗附译文，希望大家喜欢!莎士比亚经典十四行诗一Love is too young to know what conscience is;Yet who knows not conscience is born of love?Then, gentle cheater, urge not my amiss,Lest guilty of my faults thy sweet self prove:For, thou betraying me, I do betrayMy nobler part to my gross body's treason;My soul doth tell my body that he mayTriumph in love; flesh stays no father reason;But, rising at thy name, doth point out theeAs his triumphant prize. Proud of this pride,He is contented thy poor drudge to be,To stand in thy affairs, fall by thy side.No want of conscience hold it that I callHer 'love' for whose dear love I rise and fall.莎士比亚经典十四行诗译文爱神太年轻，不懂得良心是什么;但谁不晓得良心是爱情所产?那么，好骗子，就别专找我的错，免得我的罪把温婉的你也牵连。
因为，你出卖了我，我的笨肉体又哄我出卖我更高贵的部分;我灵魂叮嘱我肉体，说它可以在爱情上胜利;肉体再不作声，一听见你的名字就马上指出你是它的胜利品;它趾高气扬，死心蹋地作你最鄙贱的家奴，任你颐指气使，或倒在你身旁。
莎士比亚十四行诗第八首赏析
我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和：Thou art more lovely and more temperate:狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断，Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过；And summer's lease hath all too short a date:有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热，Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗；And often is his gold complexion dimmed,而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落，And every fair from fair sometime declines,被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜；By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: 但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽，But thy eternal summer shall not fade,你所拥有的美貌也不会消失，Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫，Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时；When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛，So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.注：第11行语出《旧约•诗篇》第23篇第4节：“虽然我穿行于死荫之幽谷，但我不怕罹祸，因为你与我同在……”英文赏析：This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison。
赏析威廉莎士比亚的十四行诗
英语诗歌赏析——威廉·莎士比亚的《Sonnet 18》作为英国举世闻名的诗人和戏剧家的威廉·莎士比亚，在他的创作生涯中，留下了许多不朽的著作，如众所周知的四大悲剧《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）、《奥赛罗》（Othello）、《李尔王》（King Lear）、《麦克白》（Macbeth）以及四大喜剧《仲夏夜之梦》（A Midsummer Night's Dream）、《威尼斯商人》（The Merchant of Venice）、《第十二夜》（Twelfth Night）和《皆大欢喜》（As You Like It）。
莎士比亚创作了154首十四行诗，其中格律较为严谨。
每首诗可划分为三节四行诗(quatrain)和一组对句（couplet），韵律为抑扬五步格（Iambic pentameter），韵式为abab cdcd efef gg。
这就是凸显英国特色的“莎士比亚体”（Shakespearean Sonnet）。
今天，和大家分享一下威廉·莎士比亚的《Sonnet 18》。
Shall I/ compare/ thee to/ a summer's day?Thou art/ more love/ly and/ more tem/perate:Rough winds/ do shake/ the dar/ling buds/ of May,And sum/mer's lease/ hath all/ too short/ a date.Sometime/ too hot/ the eye/ of hea/ven shines,And of/ten is/ his gold/ complexion dimm'd;And eve/ry fair/ from fair/ sometime/ declines,By chance/ or na/ture's changing/ course un/trimmed.But thy/ eter/nal sum/mer shall/ not fade,Nor lose/ posse/ssion of/ that fair/ thou ow'st;Nor shall/ Death brag/ thou wan/der'st in/ his shade,When in/ eter/nal lines/ to time/ thou grow'st.So long/ as men/ can breathe，/ or eyes/ can see,So long/ lives this,/ and this/ gives life/ to thee.在这首十四行诗中，我们可以欣赏到英诗中的韵律美和修辞美。
莎士比亚十四行诗赏析
我能否将你比作夏天？你比夏天更美丽温婉。
狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，夏日的勾留何其短暂。
休恋那丽日当空，转眼会云雾迷蒙。
休叹那百花飘零，催折于无常的天命。
唯有你永恒的夏日常新，你的美貌亦毫发无损。
死神也无缘将你幽禁，你在我永恒的诗中长存。
只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇，这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜。
Shakespeare - Sonnet 18 This sonnet is by far one of the most interesting poems in the book. Of Shakespeare's sonnets in the text, this is one of the most moving lyric poems that I have ever read. There is great use of imagery within the sonnet. This is not to say that the rest of the poems in the book were not good, but this to me was the best, most interesting, and most beautiful of them. It is mainly due to the simplicity and loveliness of the poem抯praise of the beloved woman that it has guaranteed its place in my mind, and heart.The speaker of the poem opens with a question that is addressed to the beloved, "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" This question is comparing her to the summer time of the year. It is during this time when the flowers are blooming, trees are full of leaves, the weather is warm, and it is generally thought of as an enjoyable time during the year. The following eleven lines in the poem are also dedicated to similar comparisons between the beloved and summer days. In lines 2 and 3, the speaker explains what mainly separates the young woman from the summer's day: she is "more lovely and more temperate." (Line 2) Summer's days tend toward extremes: they are sometimes shaken by "rough winds" (line3) which happens and is not always as welcoming as the woman. However in line 4, the speaker gives the feeling again that the summer months are often to short by saying, "And summer抯lease hath too short a date." In the summer days, the sun, "the eye of heaven" (line 5), often shines "too hot," or too dim, "his gold complexion dimmed" (line 6), that is there are many hot days during the summer but soon the sun begins to set earlier at night because autumn is approaching. Summer is moving along too quickly for the speaker, its time here needs to be longer, and it also means that the chilling of autumn is coming upon us because the flowers will soon be withering, as "every fair from fair sometime declines." (Line 7) The final portion of the sonnet tells how the beloved differs from the summer in various respects. Her beauty will be one that lasts forever, "Thy eternal summer shall not fade." (Line 9), and never end or die. In the couplet at the bottom, the speaker expla ins how that the beloved's beauty will accomplish this everlasting life unlike a summer. And it is because her beauty is kept alive in this poem, which will last forever. It will live "as long as men can breathe or eyes can see." (Line 13)On the surface, the poem is on the surface simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved woman and perhaps summer to the speaker is sometimes too unpleasant with the extremes of windiness and heat that go along with it. However, the beloved in the poem is always mild and temperate by her nature and nothing at all like the summer. It is incidentally brought to life as being described as the "eye of heaven" with its "gold complexion". The imagery throughout the sonnet is simple and attainable to the reader, which is a key factor in understanding the poem. Then the speaker begins to describe the summer again with the "darling buds of May" giving way to the " summer抯lease", springtime moving into the warmth of the summer. The speaker then starts to promise to talk about this beloved, that is so great and awing that she is to live forever in this sonnet. The beloved is so great that the speaker will even go as far as to say that, "So long as men breathe, or eyes can see," the woman will live. The language is almost too simple when comparing it to the rest of Shakespeare抯sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteration or verse, and nearly every line is its own self-contained clause, almost every line ends with some punctuation that effects a pause. But it is this that makes Sonnet18 stand out for the rest in the book. It is much more attainable to understand and it allows for the reader to fully understand how great this beloved truly is because she may live forever in it. An impor tant theme of the sonnet, as it is an important theme throughout much of the poetry in general, is the power of the speaker's poem to defy time and last forever. And so by doing this it is then carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations and eventually for al of eternity. The beloved's "eternal summer" shall not fade precisely because it is embodied in the sonnet: "Solong as men can breathe or eyes can see," (line 13) the speaker writes in the couplet, "So long lives this, and this gives life to thee."(Line 14) With this the speaker is able to accomplish what many have done in poetry and that is to give the gift of an eternal life to someone that they believe is special and outshines everyone else around them. Perhaps it is because of a physical beauty that the speaker see, but I believe that it is more because of the internal beauty as seen in line 2, "Thou art more lovely and more temperate", that the beloved is deserving to live on forever.1.Critical CommentariesSonnet 18One of the best known of Shakespeare’s sonnets, Sonnet 18 is memorable for the skillful and varied presentat ion of subject matter, in which the poet’s feelings reach a level of rapture unseen in the previous sonnets. The poet here abandons his quest for the y outh to h ave a child, and instead glories in the youth’s beauty.Initially, the poet poses a question—”Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”—and then reflects on it, remarking that the youth’s be auty far surpasses summer’s delights. The imagery is the very essence of simplicity: “wind” and “buds.” In the fourth line, l egal termi nology—”summer’s lease”—is introduced in contrast to the commonplace images in the first three lines. Note also the poet’s use of ex tremes in the phrases “more lovely,” “all too short,” and “too hot”; these phrases emp hasize the young man’s beauty.Although lines 9 through 12 are marked by a more expansive tone and deeper feeling, the poet returns to the simplicity of the openin g images. As one expects in Shakespeare’s sonnets, the proposition that the poet sets up in the first eight lines—that all nature is subj ect to imperfection—is now contrasted in these next four lines beginning with “But.” Although beauty naturally declines at some point —”And every fair from fair sometime declines”—the youth’s beauty will not; his unchanging appearance is atypical of nature’s steady progression. Even death is impotent against the youth’s beauty. Note the ambiguity in the phrase “eternal lines”: Are these “lines” the poet’s verses or the youth’s hoped-for children? Or are they simply wrinkles meant to represent the process of aging? Whatever the an swer, the poet is jubilant in this sonnet because nothing threatens the you ng man’s beautiful appearance.Then follows the concluding couplet: “So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.” The poet is describing not what the youth is but what he will be ages hence, as captured in the poet’s eternal verse—or again, in a h oped-for child. Whatever one may feel about the sentiment expressed in the sonnet and especially in these last two lines, one cannot h e lp but notice an abrupt change in the poet’s own estimate of his poetic writing. Following the poet’s disparaging reference t o his “pu pil pen” and “barren rhyme” in Sonnet 16, it comes as a surprise in Sonnet 18 to find him boasting that his poetry will be eternal.__________________________________________________________________2.Sonnet 18SummaryThe speaker opens the poem with a question addressed to the beloved: "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" The next eleven lin es are devoted to such a comparison. In line 2, the speaker stipulates what mainly differentiates the young man from the summer's day: he is "more lovely and more temperate." Summer's days tend toward extremes: they are shaken by "rough winds"; in them, the sun ("the eye of heaven") often shines "too hot," or too dim. And summer is fleeting: its date is too short, and it leads to the withering o f autumn, as "every fair from fair sometime declines." The final quatrain of the sonnet tells how the beloved differs from the summer in that respect: his beauty will last forever ("Thy eternal summer shall not fade...") and never die. In the couplet, the speaker explains how the beloved's beauty will accomplish this feat, and not perish because it is preserved in the poem, which will last forever; it wil l live "as long as men can breathe or eyes can see."CommentaryThis sonnet is certainly the most famous in the sequence of Shakespeare's sonnets; it may be the most famous lyric poem in En glish. Among Shakespeare's works, only lines such as "To be or not to be" and "Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?" are better-kno wn. This is not to say that it is at all the best or most interesting or most beautiful of the sonnets; but the simplicity an d loveliness o f its praise of the beloved has guaranteed its place.On the surface, the poem is simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved; summer tends to unpleasant extremes of wi ndiness and heat, but the beloved is always mild and temperate. Summer is incidentally personified as the "eye of heaven" with its "g old complexion"; the imagery throughout is simple and unaffected, with the "darling buds of May" giving way to the "eternal s ummer", which the speaker promises the beloved. The language, too, is comparatively unadorned for the sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteratio n or assonance, and nearly every line is its own self-contained clause--almost every line ends with some punctuation, which effects a p ause.Sonnet 18 is the first poem in the sonnets not to explicitly encourage the young man to have children. The "procreation" sequence ofthe first 17 sonnets ended with the speaker's realization that the young man might not need children to preserve his beauty; he could a lso live, the speaker writes at the end of Sonnet 17, "in my rhyme." Sonnet 18, then, is the first "rhyme"--the speaker's first attempt t o preserve the young man's beauty for all time. An important theme of the sonnet (as it is an important theme throughout much of th e sequence) is the power of the speaker's poem to defy time and last forever, carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future gener ations. The beloved's "eternal summer" shall not fade precisely because it is embodied in the sonnet: "So long as men can breathe or eyes can see," the speaker writes in the couplet, "So long lives this, and this gives life to thee."IntroductionSonnet 18 deserves its fame because it is one of the most beautifully written verses in the English language. T he sonnet’s endurance comes from Shakespeare’s ability to capture the essence of love so cleanly and succinctly.After much debate amongst scholars, it is now generally accepted that the subject of the poem is male. In 1640, a publisher called John Benson released a highly inaccurate edition of S hakespeare’s sonnets in which he edited out the young man, replacing “he” with “she”.Benson’s revision was considered to be the standard text until 1780 when Edmond Malone returned to the 1690 quarto and re-edited the poems. Scholars soon realized that the first 126 sonnets were originally addressed to a young man sparking debates about Shakespeare’s sexuality. T he nature of the relationship between the two men is highly ambiguous and it is often impossible to tell if S hakespeare is describing platonic love or erotic love.CommentaryT he opening line poses a simple question which the rest of the sonnet answers. T he poet compares his loved one to a summer’s day and finds him to be “more lovely and more temperate.”T he poet discovers that love and the man’s beauty are more permanent than a summer’s day because summer is tainted by occasional winds and the eventual change of season. While summer must always come to an end, the speaker’s love for the man is eternal.For the speaker, love transcends nature in two ways:1.T he speaker begins by comparing the man’s beauty to summer, but soon the man becomes a force of nature himself.In the line, “thy eternal summer shall not fade,” the man suddenly embodies summer. As a perfect being, he becomes more powerful than the summer’s day to which he was being compared.2.T he poet’s love is so powerful that even death is unable to curtail it. T he speaker’s love lives on for futuregenerations to admire through the power of the written word – through the sonnet itself. T he final couplet explains that the beloved’s “eternal summer” will continue as long as there are people alive to read this sonnet:So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.T he young man to whom the poem is addressed i s the muse for Shakespeare’s first 126 sonnets. Although there is some debate about the correct ordering of the texts, the first 126 sonnets are thematically interlinked and demonstrate a progressive narrative. T hey tell of a romantic affair that becomes more passionate and intense with each sonnet.In previous sonnets, the poet has been trying to convince the young man to settle down and have children, but in Sonnet 18 the speaker abandons this domesticity for the first time and accepts love’s all-consuming passion – a theme that is set to continue in the sonnets that follow.。
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我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和：Thou art more lovely and more temperate:狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断，Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过；And summer's lease hath all too short a date:有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热，Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗；And often is his gold complexion dimmed,而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落，And every fair from fair sometime declines,被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜；By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: 但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽，But thy eternal summer shall not fade,你所拥有的美貌也不会消失，Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫，Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时；When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛，So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.注：第11行语出《旧约•诗篇》第23篇第4节：“虽然我穿行于死荫之幽谷，但我不怕罹祸，因为你与我同在……”英文赏析：This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison。
这是整体赏析 1. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: We'll talk of sunshine and of song,And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as longAs twenty days are now.Such reminiscences are indeed anachronistic, but with the recurrence of words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse.2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate: The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty ofa summer day. more temperate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described. 3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal calendar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers.4. And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Legal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease is too short, and has an early termination (date).5. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun.6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed, his gold complexion = his (the sun's) golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast daysgenerally. 7. And every fair from fair sometime declines, All beautiful things (every fair) occasionally become inferior in comparison with their essential previous state of beauty (from fair). They all decline from perfection.8. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: By chance accidents, or by the fluctuating tides of nature, which are not subject to control, nature's changing course untrimmed. untrimmed - this can refer to the ballast (trimming) on a ship which keeps it stable; or to a lack of ornament and decoration. The greater difficulty however is to decide which noun this adjectival participle should modify. Does it refer to nature, or chance, or every fair in the line above, or to the effect of nature's changing course? KDJ adds a comma after course, which probably has the effect of directing the word towards all possible antecedents. She points out that nature's changing course could refer to women's monthly courses, or menstruation, in which case every fair in the previous line would refer to every fair woman, with the implication that the youth is free of this cyclical curse, and is therefore more perfect. 9. But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Referring forwards to the eternity promised by the ever living poet in the next few lines, through his verse. 10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall it (your eternal summer) lose its hold on that beauty which you so richly possess. ow'st = ownest, possess. By metonymy we understand 'nor shall you lose any of your beauty'.11. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, Several half echoes here. The biblical ones are probably 'Oh death where is thy sting? Or grave thy victory?' implying that death normally boasts of his conquests over life. And Psalms 23.3.: 'Yea though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I will fear no evil ' In classical literature the shades flitted helplessly in the underworld like gibbering ghosts. Shakespeare would have been familiar with this through Virgil's account of Aeneas' descent into the underworld in Aeneid Bk. VI.12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, in eternal lines = in the undying lines of my verse. Perhaps with a reference to progeny, and lines of descent, but it seems that the procreation theme has already been abandoned. to time thou grow'st - you keep pace with time, you grow as time grows. 13. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, For as long as humans live and breathe upon the earth, for as long as there are seeing eyes on the eart. 14. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. That is how long these verses will live, celebrating you, and continually renewing your life. But one is left with a slight residual feeling that perhaps the youth's beauty will last no longer than a summer's day, despite the poet's proud boast. 这是逐句赏析中文版：以莎氏十四行诗第18首为例，以往从未有人指出过它的缺点，但笔者根据教学实践得来的体会，认为它至少有两大缺点，一是在音韵方面，其韵脚、头韵和韵格均不同程度的破坏了诗歌的音美和形美；二是某些比喻和描述的平淡或离奇破坏了诗歌的意美。