口译笔译分类词汇(04)--政治政府词汇
英语中级口译经济政治方面的词汇
产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑productive force, relation of production, economic base, superstructure constitute 科学技术是第一生产力science and technology are the primary productive force 社会主义物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilizations of socialism 有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline 自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识self-reliance, competition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit 科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education 倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思想advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, combat and resist money worship, hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas 先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐be concern about the country and the people before anything else 全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people 解放思想、实事求是emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts 主观主义、形而上学subjectivism, metaphysics 民主集中制、党内民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy 集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision through meeting 政治路线确定之后，干部就是决定因素cadres are a decisive factor, once a political line is decided （n.基础结构, 骨骼, 干部）党管干部的原则the principle of the Party assuming the responsibility for cadres' affairs 公开、平等、竞争、择优open, fair, competition, basis of merits 公开选拔、竞争上岗the supervision of appointment and promotion of officials, and the method for official performance assessment 自重、自省、自警、自励self-discipline, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation 以权谋私、贪赃枉法、腐败分子to abuse power for personal gains, take bribes or bend the law, corrupt elements 小康社会、小康生活well-to-do society, well-to-do life 四项基本原则Four Cardinal Principles 社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism "政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力gualified politically and competent militarily and that have a fine style of work, strict discipline and adequate logistic support 台独Taiwan’s "independence" 和平与发展peace and development 冷战cold war 世界多极化、经济全球化world multi-polarization and economic globalization联合国宪章UN Charter 独立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉内部事务independence, completely equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other's internal affairs cooperation 世贸中心World Trade Center 恐怖主义terrorism 开放攻坚，改革跟进，稳定保障，加快发展open and storm fortification, reform and follow-up, stable and secure, speed up development 工作策略the working tactics 以企业为中心的工业化核心战略the strategy at the core of industrialization around enterprises(take the enterprises as the center) 最新常用经济术语国民经济national economy 中国化Chinization 对外经济贸易FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE 经济指标economic indicators 社会总产值total product of society 国民生产总值GNP (Gross Domestic Product) 国内生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product) 人均国内生产总值GDP per capita 工农业总产值gross output value of industry and agriculture 国民收入national income 购买力平价法purchasing power parity 财政收入state revenue 社会商品零售总额total volume of retail sales 社会零售物价总指数general retail price index 百分点percentage points "八五"划划the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development 计划经济planned economy 统购统销state monopoly overpurchase and marketing 市场经济market economy 指令性计划mandatory plan 指导性计划guidance plan 市场调节market regulation 建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology 实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population 第一、二、三产业primary, secondary and tertiary industries 外向型经济export-oriented economy 创汇型企业foreign exchange-earning enterprise 劳动密集型labor intensive 技术、智力、资本密集型technology, knowledge or capital intensive 高附加值的深加工down-stream processing with high added-value 优化资源配置optimize allocation of resources 生产力productive forces 生产资料capital goods 科研成果产业化industrialization of research findings 火炬计划Torch Plan 技术入股technology appraised as capital stock 风险投资venture investment/capital 固定资产投资investment in fixed assets 折旧费depreciation cost 关系民生的产品products vital to the people’s livelihood 供大于求oversupply 供不应求short supply 经济过热overheated economy 抑制炒房地产热stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market 宏观调控macro-economic control 经济杠杆economic levers 产业政策industrial policy 财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate 提高经济效益enhance economic performance/returns 社会效益social effect/returns 实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development 财政赤字(盈余) budget deficit(surplus) 外贸出口总额gross foreign export value 外商直接投资协议金额contracted foreign direct investment 实际利用外资foreign investment in actual use 三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture 允许外商独资经营allow full foreign equity operation 优惠条件confessional terms; favorable terms 减免税收tax reduction and exemption 合作方式approaches to cooperation 出资方式means of contributing investment 合营期限contract term of a joint venture 三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components) 贸易伙伴trade partner 转口贸易transit trade 外贸顺差foreign trade surplus 积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside 交钥匙工程turn-key project 招标承包制bidding invitation contract system 招标出售技术bids for technology 公开招标call for bid; tenders 招标单invitation for bid (IFB) 标书bidding document 竟标competitive bidding 投标bid for a project 投标报价书bid proposals 评标bid proposal evaluation 开标bid opening 中标win a bid; be awarded a tender 拍卖auction 租赁leasing 保税区bonded area; free trade area 实行全方位开放practice multi-directional opening 统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition 自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibility for one’s own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system 知识产权intellectual property rights 技术转让technology transfer可行性研究feasibility study 意向书letter of intent 投资环境investment environment 跨国公司transnational coorporation 基础设施infrastructure 20年基本实现现代化basically achieve modernization in 20 years 发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside. 招商attract investment 招商项目project proposals for investment 同国际惯例接轨follow the international codes of practice; bring …in line with the international usage 加大改革力度intensify reforms 一条龙服务one package service 一支笔审批one-chop approval 我们两市的经济互补性很强。
政府报告口译词汇
一、政治类：1. 日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2. 快速发展develop rapidly3. 隆重集会gather ceremoniously4. 热爱和平love peace5. 追求进步pursue progress6. 履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7. 回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8. 展望伟大征程look into the great journey9. 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10. 必胜be bound to win11. 主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to takeaction12. 和平共处coexist peacefully13. 对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14. 经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties16. 赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17. 完全意识到be fully aware that18. 迈出重要的一步make an important step19. 采取各种措施adopt various measures20. 得出结论,告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a co nclusion21. 实现民族独立realize national independence22. 追求真理seek the truth23. 建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24. 根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruptio n25. 响应号召respond to the call26. 进入新时期enter a new period27. 实行新政策practice new policies28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality29. 增强综合国力enhance comprehensive(overall) national stre ngth and和国际竟争力international competitiveness30. 进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the wo rld31. 解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33. 与日俱增increase every day34. 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35. 必将实现be bound to come true36. 锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army37. 建立巩固的国防build a strong national defense38. 进行和谈hold peace talks39. 修改法律amend the laws40. 在．．．中起（至关）play a major的(crucial, an important ) role in重要作用41. 对．．．做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )c ontributions to42. 遵循规则follow the principles43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice …44. 把．．．作为指导take… as the guide45. 缓和紧张状况ease the tension46. 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47. 解决新问题resolve new problems48. 观察当今世界observe the present-day world49. 开拓前进open up new ways forward50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51. 结束暴力，开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52. 进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53. 开始生效go into effect / enter into force54. 就．．．接受妥协accept a compromise on55. 接受．．．的采访be interviewed by56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities58. 维护世界和平maintain world peace59. 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60. 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrori sm62. 宣布。
CATTI 笔译常用词汇(国情)
CATTI 笔译常用词汇（国情<汉译英>）户口registered permanent residence民生people’s wellbeing团购group buying乡长township head城管urban management officers恶搞video spoof房奴mortgage slave黑车unlicensed cab毕婚族marry-upon-graduation安家费settling-in allowance代排族hired queuers短租房short-term housing/accommodation二手房pre-owned house; second-hand house封口费hush money个体户the self-employed公务车state-financed vehicle公务员civil/public servant假文凭fake diplomas开瓶费corkage fee两限房house of two limits; house with limited price and habitable area廉租房low-rent housing农民工migrant worker农业税agricultural tax泡网吧hit the Internet bar双休日two-day weekend双职工working couple群租客tenant groups入住率occupancy rate潜规则casting couch闪跳族habitual job hopper筒子楼tube-shaped apartment building学区房school-nearby house暂住证temporary residence permit安居工程Comfortable/Affordable Housing Project城市补丁run-down neighborhoods低保制度subsistence security system恶性循环vicious circle法治政府law-based government（非法）传销pyramid schemes; multi-level marketing非法收入illegal earnings; illicit income福利彩票welfare lottery改革攻坚further reform in difficult areas; tackle hard issues in the reform 改革试点pilot reform program公共参与public/communal participation和谐社会harmonious society黑恶势力Mafia-like gangs基层社区grassroots community减员增效downsize the staff to improve efficiency空巢家庭empty-nest/childless family就业指导employment guidance面子工程vanity/image project民族团结ethnic unity南水北调South-to-North water diversion贫富差距disparity in wealth distribution贫困人口impoverished people权力下放shift of power to the grassroots; delegate power to the lower levels社会结构social structure市政工程municipal/public works数字鸿沟digital divide天灾人祸natural calamities and man-made misfortunes同城待遇identical treatment无偿献血unpaid blood donation五好家庭Five-Virtues Family下岗职工unemployed workers and staff; laid-off employees乡镇企业township enterprises学生减负reduce students’ study load严打斗争strike-hard operation/campaign to crack down crimes 总体规划overall plan引进人才bring in needed personnel优抚安置provide special assistance to entitled groups创新型国家innovation-oriented nation低收入家庭low-income household/family服务型政府service-oriented government高层次人才high-caliber personnel高技能人才highly skilled personnel公用互联网public Internet固定电话网fixed-line telephone network简易过渡房makeshift shelter经济适用房affordable housing开放型经济an open economy科学发展观scientific outlook on development人口功能区functional population zone三八红旗手March 8 Red Flag Bearer下基层锻炼temper oneself in a grassroots unit移动通信网mobile communication network自觉排队日Queuing-up Day地方保护主义regional protectionism城市低收入者low-income city dwellers爱国统一战线patriotic united front坚持基本纲领uphold the basic program抗灾救灾工作efforts to combat disasters and provide relief平房改造工程renovation project of shanty dwellings人事制度改革reform of personnel system社会保障工作social security work社会保障体制social security system社会利益格局interest of different social groups社会信用体系social credit system社会转型时期period of social transition社会组织形式the way society if organized特色优势产业industries with local advantages贴小广告的人bill sticker增强道德观念enhance one’s moral awareness重复建设项目overlapping/ redundant project住房制度改革reform of housing system自主创新能力capacity for independent innovation最低生活保障subsistence allowance农村富余劳动力surplus rural labor社会主义荣辱观Socialist Concept of Honor and Disgrace西部大开发战略western development strategy保障和改善民生ensure the wellbeing of the people and improve their lives粗放性增长方式extensive mode of growth; inefficient model of growth 城乡社会救助体系urban and rural emergency aid system留守女士/留守男士grass widow/widower农村合作医疗制度system of rural cooperative medical care城乡公共就业与服务urban and rural systems for providing public employment services加强和改善宏观调控improve macro control社会主义核心价值观core socialist values《国家发展规划纲要》Outline of the National Development Program（农村）劳动力转移就业(rural workers) find work in nonagricultural sectors城镇职工基本养老保险制度basic old-age insurance system for urban workers中国执行改革开放政策，争取在五十年内发展起来。
中国政治英语词汇
（第一课）讀中文做口譯中国政体与国策I. 中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China中国共产党中央委员会总书记General secretary of the Central Party Committee中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CP中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Party Committee中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC (总后勤部the General Logistics Department) (第二炮兵司令部the Headquarters of the 2nd Artillery Corps) (中国人民警察the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force) (国民自卫队the Militia) 中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC中央党校Party School of the CPC中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPCII. 中国人民政治协商会议the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会the National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local CommitteesIII. 中华人民共和国中央政府the Central People’s Government of the PRC中华人民共和国主席President of PRC中央政府和地方各级政府the Central government and local governments at different levels直辖市Municipality 省会Provincial Capital 自治区Autonomous Region国家机构State Structure（1）全国人民代表大会the National People’s Congress (NPC)全国人大代表deputy to the NPC 全国人大代表团delegation of the NPC全国人大常务委员会委员长Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee全国人大主席团the NPC Presidium九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People's Congress人大代表资格审查委员会Deputy Credential Examination Committee人大秘书长Secretary-general of the NPC地方人民代表大会Local People’s Congress（2）国务院the State Council 国务院总理the Premier of the State Council 国务院副总理the Vice-Premier of the State Council国务委员the State Councilor 国务院部长the Minister中国银行行长Governor of the People’s Bank of Chi na审计署署长Auditor-General of the National Audit Office国务院所属机构（Ministries，Commissions，administrations and offices under the State Council）1. 外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs 国防部Ministry of National Defense公安部Ministry of Public Security 安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision 民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice 财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel 水利部Ministry of Water Resources卫生部Ministry of Health 商务部Ministry of Commerce劳动保障部Ministry of Labor and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry2. 人口计生委State Population and Family Planning Commission发展改革委State Development and Reform Commission国防科工委State Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense国家民委State Ethnic Affairs Commission国资委Commission of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration银监会China Banking Regulatory Commission证监会China Securities Regulatory Commission保监会China Insurance Regulatory Commission电监会State Electricity Regulatory Commission3. 海关总局General Administration of Customs税务总局State Administration of Taxation工商总局State Administration for Industry and Commerce质检总局General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine环保总局State Environmental Protection Administration民航总局General Administration of Civil Aviation广电总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television安全监管总局State Administration of Work Safety食品药品监管局State Food and Drug Administration国管局Government Offices Administration of the State Council烟草局State Tobacco Monopoly Administration外专局State Administration of Foreign Experts Affair保密局National Administration for the Protection of State Secrets统计局National Bureau of Statistics林业局State Forestry Administration旅游局National Tourism Administration知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office地震局China Earthquake Administration气象局China Meteorological Administration信访局State Bureau for Letters and Calls粮食局State Administration of Grain海洋局State Oceanic Administration测绘局State Bureau of Surveying & Mapping档案局State Archives Administration外汇局State Administration of Foreign Exchange新闻出版总署(版权局) General administration of Press and Publication(National Copyright Administration)4. 侨办Overseas Chinese Affairs Office 国研室Research Office港澳办Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office 新闻办Information Office法制办Legislative Affairs Office 台办Taiwan Affairs Office 社保基金会National Council for Social Security Fund自然科学基金会National Natural Science Foundation(3) a. 最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court(SPC)最高人民法院院长the President of the SPC审判长the presiding judge审判委员会the Trial Committee 审判机关the Trial Organ第一刑事法庭the First Criminal Court 民事法庭the Civil Courtb.最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate最高人民检察院检察长the Procurator-general of the SPP最高人民检察院副检察长the Deputy Procurator-general(4)香港特别行政区政府Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region澳门特别行政区政府Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region(5).民主党派Democratic Party中国国民党革命委员会（民革）Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang中国民主同盟（民盟）China Democratic League中国民主建国会（民建）China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主促进会（民进）China Association Promoting Democracy中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang 九三学社Jiu San Society台湾民主自治同盟（台盟）Taiwan Democratic self-government二．口译政治用语和国策宪法Constitution 国旗National flag: Red flag with five stars国徽National emblem: Tiananmen Gate-tower under five stars, encircled by ears of grain and with a gear wheel below国歌National anthem: March of the V olunteers 党章Party Constitution1. 党的三代中央领导集体创建了毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想，从而在民族独立和人民解放的基础上为中华民族的伟大复兴开启了建设有中国特色的社会主义的伟大事业。
政治政府词汇国家机关
政治政府词汇国家机关::详细内容::国家机关China's State Organs1. 全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution2.中华人民共和国主席[President of the People's Republic of China]3. 中央军事委员会[Central Military Commission]4. 最高人民法院[Supreme People's Court]5. 最高人民检察院[Supreme People's Procuratorate]6. 国务院[State Council](1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence 国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People's Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾事务办公室Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring 国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office。
翻译资格考试分类词汇：政治政府
翻译资格考试分类词汇：政治政府按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators把有限的资金用在“刀刃上” use our limited funds where they can be put to best use保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission保证国家的长治久安guarantee China's long-term stability保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economicreturns避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment.不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency不进则退 no progress simply means regression不良贷款 non- performing loans不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets不再经商no longer engage in trade财政偿还水平our ability to service debt财政的承受水平financial capacity财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits.财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production产业升级upgrade industries长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River长期国债long-term government bonds常务委员Standing Committee member车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases成长型企业市场 (指二板市场)growing enterprise market (GEM)城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns防范金融风险水平ability to guard against financial risks防止“重点支出重点浪费” prevent “more waste in more expenditures”非办不可的大事important tasks which must be accomplished非国有工业企业non-state industrial enterprises非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税改革 tax-for-fees reform分配货币化distribution of money分税制度财政体制the revenue-sharing system风险防范机制a risk prevention mechanism服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary kilns敢抓敢管、不讲情面 have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter what others might think高等教育“211工程” the “211” Project for higher education高技术产业发展规划 plans for the development of high-tech industries高技术产业化 apply high technology to production高技术产业化示范工程 high-tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻'三个代表'重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of 'Three Represents'高清晰度电视功能样机 functional prototype of high definition TV个人所得税法 the Law on Personal Income Tax个体经济、私营经济 self-employed and private businesses各地区经济发展的客观需要 the needs of the economic development of different regions各级各类教育 all forms of education at all levels各种“小金库”屡禁不止 failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为 all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud工程监理制 project supervision system工程质量事故 accidents resulting from poor quality of projects工业增加值 industrial added value公开市场操作 open-market operations。
口译中常见政治词汇
口译中常见政治词汇（精简）“Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer” issues三农问题"bringing in" and "going out" “引进来”和“走出去”政策"eight do's" and "eight don'ts" “八个坚持、八个反对”Four Cardinal Principles 四项基本原则Four modernizations 四个现代化（农、工、国防、科技）"one china, one Taiwan" “一中一台”“one country, two systems”“一国两制”“south -south cooperation”“南南合作”"Taiwan independence" “台湾独立”"two Chinas" “两个中国”“Three Represents”“三个代表”three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trade) （两岸）直接三通the eight-point proposal 八项主张the five principles of peaceful coexistence 和平共处五项原则the fourth plenary session 四中全会the ninth five-year plan (1996-2000) “九五”计划the tenth five-year plan (2001-2005) “十五”计划the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee 十一届三中全会the three major historical tasks 三大历史任务the three Sino-Us joint communiqués 《中美三个联合公报》three favorables 三个有利于16th party congress 十六大23 million Taiwan compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞a well-off standard 小康水平a well-off society 小康社会advance the development of the western region 推进西部大开发advances with the times 与时代发展同步伐at the proper time and to an appropriate degree 适时适度attempts to split the country 各种分裂图谋blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit 开拓创新build a well-off society in an all-round way 全面建设小康社会building a moderately prosperous society in all respects 全面建设小康社会build a clean and honest government 廉政建设build a conservation-minded society 建设(资源)节约型社会china's cross-century development 我国的跨世纪发展china's international standing 我国的国际地位china's overall national strength 我国综合国力citizens' participation in political affairs 公民政治参与civic duty 公民职责civil rights / civil liberties 公民权利、自由civil servants 公务员creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity 创造力、凝聚力和战斗力cross-straits negotiations 两岸谈判cross-straits relations 两岸关系crucial historical juncture 重大历史关头democratic decision-making 民主决策democratic elections 民主选举democratic management 民主管理Democratic Progressive Party 民进党democratic supervision 民主监督Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表extensive and profound 博大精深extravagance and waste 铺张浪费falsification 弄虚作假family planning 计划生育federations of industry 工商联fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fight against "Taiwan Independence"反对“台独”good-neighborly relationship 睦邻友好government functions 政府职能government institutions 政府机构government intervention 政府干预government organs 政府机构(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和historic breakthrough 历史性突破hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜honesty 诚实守信honesty and high efficiency 廉洁高效Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions 香港、澳门特别行政区ideological and moral education 思想道德建设intellectuals 知识分子intensify functions 强化功能international organizations 国际性组织international situation 国际形势iron out differences 化解歧见keep pace with the times 与时俱进kingpin 支撑long-term peace and order 长治久安long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结Macao 澳门Mao Zedong thought 毛泽东思想Marxism Leninism 马克思列宁主义mass organizations 人民团体masters of the country 当家作主material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作moral kingpin 精神支撑morality, intelligence, physique and art 德智体美national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国national reunification 祖国统一national spirit 民族精神negotiations on peaceful reunification 和平统一谈判neighborhood committee 居委会NPC member 人大代表our compatriots in Taiwan台湾同胞our compatriots in the Hong Kong SAR 香港特别行政区同胞our compatriots in the Macao SAR澳门特别行政区同胞patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线peace and development 和平与发展。
笔译常用词汇(政治汉译英)
软环境soft environment保监会China Insurance Regulatory Commission标本兼治address both the symptoms and the root causes of the problem博采众长draw on others’ successful experienc e长治久安long-term stability常务委员member of a standing committee创新体系an innovation system垂直管理vertical management反腐倡廉anti-corruption bid反贪法规anti-corruption legislation港人治港the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong 高度自治 a high degree of autonomy公平分配fair distribution国防预算defense budget国际责任international responsibilities/liabilities和谐社会 a harmonious society宏观调控macrocontrol基层监督grassroots supervision减员增效downsize the staff to improve efficiency解放思想emancipate people’s minds就业问题employment problem开放兼容open and receptive抗洪救灾fight floods and provide relief廉政准则code of ethics两岸关系cross-straits relations民主监督democratic supervision民主权利democratic rights民主协商democratic consultation民族地区regions inhabited by ethnic groups试点项目pilot project司法公正judicial justice体制创新institutional innovation社会监管social supervision人民团体mass organizations失职渎职dereliction of duty; neglect of one’s duties西电东送transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region小康社会 a moderately prosperous society养老保险old-age security system依法治国run the country according to law以人为本put people first与时俱进advance with the times增收节支increase revenue and cut government expenditures征地拆迁land expropriation, housing demolition and resident relocation转变职能transform government functions自主创新independent innovation综合国力overall national strength政企分开separate functions of the government from those of enterprises政务透明administrative transparency邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory分配货币化distribution of money服务型政府service-oriented government负责任政府responsible government科学发展观scientific outlook on development宪法修正案amendments to the Constitution最大的效益the best possible results防灾减灾能力our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters 风险防范机制risk prevention mechanism和平统一大业great cause of peaceful reunification科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating China through thedevelopment of science and education科学技术进步scientific and technological progress基础设施建设construction of infrastructure facilities零基预算制度 a zero-base budgeting system年度国家预算annual state budget全国各族人民people of all our ethnic groups全国人大代表deputy to the National People’s Congress全国政协委员member of the national committee of the CPPCC 社会公共需要social needs退休金双轨制dual pension scheme政府工作报告report on the work of the government政府机构改革reform of government institutions政治体制改革political restructuring维护祖国统一safeguard national unity严肃追究责任strengthen administrative accountability依法行政意识consideration to carrying out their official duties in accordance with the law执行力和公信力executive ability and greater public trust中共中央委员会CPC Central Committee爱好和平的国家 a peace-loving country按劳分配为主体distribution according to work remains dominant 城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns 低水平重复建设low-level redundant development可持续发展战略the strategy of sustainable development西部大开发战略the strategy of developing the western region再就业下岗人员re-employment of laid-off workers解放和发展生产力release and develop productive forces城镇社会保障体系urban social security system城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system促进社会和谐稳定promote social harmony and stability打击取缔非法收入crack down on and ban illegal income服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country肝胆相照、荣辱与共treat each other with all sincerity and share weal and woe公共服务和社会管理public services and administration合理的收入分配制度rational income distribution system和衷共济、团结奋斗concerted and strenuous efforts经济繁荣和社会进步economic prosperity and social progress经济平稳较快发展steady and rapid economic development全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress (NPC)社会主义法治国家socialist country under the rule of law食品药品质量监管oversight and supervision of food and drug quality推进事业单位改革push forward the reform of institutions维护社会公平正义safeguard social fairness and justice中华民族的无疆大爱boundless love of the Chinese nation中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection政府促进就业的责任responsibility of the government for stimulating employment《中美三个联合公报》The Three Sino-U.S. Joint Communiqués“三个代表”重要思想the important thought of Three Represents对人民高度负责的态度maintain a high sense of responsibility to people 扭转收入差距扩大的趋势reverse the widening income gap旗帜鲜明地反对民族分裂take a clear-cut stand against attempts to split the nation全国人民代表大会主席团NPC Presidium日益增长的物质文化需求growing material and cultural needs社会主义制度的无比优越incomparable superiority of the socialist system 中国共产党全国代表大会the National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC)依法行政、公正严明的法治政府a government that respects legal system and rulesstrictly and impartially突发公共安全事件应急处理机制mechanisms for responding to emergencies thatthreaten public safety选举权、知情权、参与权、表达权和监督权rights to vote and to stay informed about,participate in, express views on, andoversee government affairs我们始终坚持把马克思主义基本原理同中国的具体实际相结合。
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口译笔译分类词汇（04）--政治政府词汇按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators把有限的资金用在“刀刃上”use our limited funds where they can be put to best use保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment.不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency不进则退no progress simply means regression不良贷款non- performing loans不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets不再经商no longer engage in trade财政偿还能力our ability to service debt财政的承受能力financial capacity财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits.财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production产业升级upgrade industries长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River长期国债long-term government bonds常务委员Standing Committee member车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases成长型企业市场（指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM)城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns城镇社会保障体系urban social security system城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡the transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export出口配额export quotas传统产业conventional industries创新体系an innovation system垂直管理vertical management从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes in terms of their sources and systems促进公平分配promote fair distribution of social wealth村村通广播电视工程project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village”存款准备金reserves against deposit大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market大力推进粮食流通体制改革step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain distribution system大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope 贷款质量5级分类办法five-category assets classification for bank loans邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory低水平重复建设low-level redundant development滴灌、喷灌drip irrigation and spray irrigation抵抗全球经济衰退to combat the global economic slump地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度 a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions电视会议televised meeting调控宏观经济运行regulate operation of the macroeconomy调整出口退税adjustments in the level of export tax rebates调整投资结构和经济结构the restructuring of investment and the economy堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes对卷烟全面推行核定计税价格征收消费税办法fully levy a sales tax on cigarettes on the basis of an authorized tax valuation对人民高度负责的态度maintain a high sense of responsibility对中西部地区适当倾斜appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country夺取了抗洪抢险的伟大胜利achieve great victory in the fight against floods发挥出最大的效益produce the best possible results发挥最大的使用效益yield the greatest returns on investment反对铺张浪费combat extravagance and waste防范和化解金融风险guard against and defuse financial risks防范金融风险能力ability to guard against financial risks防止“重点支出重点浪费”prevent “more waste in more expenditures”非办不可的大事important tasks which must be accomplished非国有工业企业non-state industrial enterprises非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税改革tax-for-fees reform分配货币化distribution of money分税制度财政体制the revenue-sharing system风险防范机制a risk prevention mechanism服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary kilns敢抓敢管、不讲情面have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter what others might think高等教育“211工程”the “211”Project for higher education高技术产业发展规划plans for the development of high-tech industries高技术产业化apply high technology to production高技术产业化示范工程high-tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻'三个代表'重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of 'Three Represents'高清晰度电视功能样机functional prototype of high definition TV个人所得税法the Law on Personal Income Tax个体经济、私营经济self-employed and private businesses各地区经济发展的客观需要the needs of the economic development of different regions各级各类教育all forms of education at all levels各种“小金库”屡禁不止failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud工程监理制project supervision system工程质量事故accidents resulting from poor quality of projects工业增加值industrial added value公开市场操作open-market operations共建、调整、合作、合并 a program of joint development, adjustment, cooperation and mergers 购买力purchasing power鼓励兼并encourage mergers关心群众疾苦help alleviate their hardships规范管理standardized administration规范化的财政管理standardized financial management规范破产standardize bankruptcy procedures规范税制standardize the tax system国际公认internationally recognized国际通行的吸引外资方式internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment 国家财政包揽过多The state finance takes on too much financial burden.国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission国家确定的重点领域投资investment in the key areas designated by the state国家税源的大量流失great loss of state revenue国家重点科研项目national key scientific research projects国库券treasury bonds国民经济各方面all sectors of the national economy国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)国内短缺原材料和资源性产品raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China国有独资商业银行wholly state-funded commercial bank国有企业改革reform of state-owned enterprises国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度 a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises国有企业重组regroup SOEs国有商业银行一级法人管理management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons国有资产管理、监督和营运机制management, supervision and operation of state-owned assets 国有资源有偿使用paid use of state-owned resources国债资金the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds过剩的生产能力excessive production capacity海峡两岸关系cross-Strait relations合同管理制contract management system黑市交易black market transaction in foreign exchanges很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。