中大外院本科生翻译课部分习题
中大外院本科生翻译课部分习题1Three Peach StonesIt would seem that happiness is something to do with simplicity, and that it is the ability to extract pleasure from the simplest things-such as a peach stone, for instance.It is obvious that it is nothing to do with success. For Sir Henry Stewart was certainly successful. It is twenty years ago since he came down to our village from London, and bought a couple of old cottages, which he had knocked into one. He used his house as weekend refuge. He was a barrister. And the village followed his brilliant career with something almost amounting to paternal pride.I remember some ten years ago when he was made a King's Counsel, Amos and I, seeing him get off the London train, went to congratulate him. We grinned with pleasure; he merely looked as miserable as though he'd received a penal sentence. It was the same when he was knighted; he never smiled a bit, he didn't even bother to celebrate with a round of drinks at the "Blue Fox". He took his success as a child does his medicine. And not one of his achievements brought even a ghost of a smile to his tired eyes.I asked him one day, soon after he'd retired to potter about his garden, what it was like to achieve all one's ambitions. He looked down at his roses and went on watering them. Then he said "The only value in achieving one's ambition is that you then realize that they are not worth achieving." Quickly he moved the conversation on to a more practical level, and within a moment we were back to a safe discussion on the weather. That was two years ago.I recall this incident, for yesterday, I was passing his house, and had drawn up my cart just outside his garden wall. I had pulled in from the road for no other reason than to let a bus pass me. As I set there filling my pipe, I suddenly heard a shout of sheer joy come from the other side of the wall.I peered over. There stood Sir Henry doing nothing less than a tribal war dance of sheer unashamed ecstasy. Even when he observed my bewildered face staring over the wall he did not seem put out or embarrassed, but shouted for me to climb over."Come and see, Jan. Look! I have done it at last! I have done it at last!"There he was, holding a small box of earth in his hand. I observed three tiny shoots out of it."And there were only three!" he said, his eyes laughing to heaven."Three what?" I asked."Peach stones", he replied. "I've always wanted to make peach stones grow, even since I was a child, when I used to take them home after a party, or as a man after a banquet. And I used to plant them, and then forgot where I planted them. But now at last I have done it, and, what's more, I had only three stones, and there you are, one, two, three shoots," he counted.And Sir Henry ran off, calling for his wife to come and see his achievement-his achievement of simplicity.网上有参考译文，叫《三颗桃核》，所谓参考译文就是仅供参考。
2 Love Your LifeHenry David ThoreauHowever mean your life is,meet it and live it ;do not shun it and call it hard names.It is not so bad as you are.It looks poorest when you are richest.The fault-finder will find faults in paradise.Love your life,poor as it is.You may perhaps have some pleasant,thrilling,glorioushourss,even in a poor-house.The setting sun is reflected from the windows of the alms-house as brightly as from the rich man's abode;the snow melts before its door as early in the spring.I do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there,and have as cheering thoughts,as in a palace.The town's poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any.May be they are simply great enough to receive without misgiving.Most think that they are above being supported by the town;but it often happens that they are not above supporting themselves by dishonest means.which should be more disreputable.Cultivate poverty like a garden herb,like sage.Do not trouble yourself much to get new things,whether clothes or friends,Turn the old,return to them.Things do not change;we change.Sell your clothes and keep your thoughts.3 The Song of the River W.S MaughamYou hear it all along the river. You hear it, loud and strong, from the rowers as they urge the junk with its high stern, the mast lashed alongside, down the swift running stream. You hear it from the trackers, a more breathless chant, as they pull desperately against the current, half a dozen of them perhaps if they are taking up wupan, a couple of hundred if they are hauling a splendid junk, its square sail set, over a rapid. On the junk, a man stands amidships beating a drum incessantly to guide their efforts, and they pull with all their strength, like men possessed, bent double; and sometimes in the extremity of their travail they craw on the ground, on all fours, like the beasts of the field. They strain, strain fiercely, against the pitiless might of the stream. The leader goes up and down the line and when he sees one who is not putting all his will into the task he brings down his split bamboo on the naked back. Each one must do his utmost or the labour of all is vain. And still they sing a vehement, eager chant, the chant of the turbulent waters. I do not know words can describe what there is in it of effort. It serves to express the straining heart, the breaking muscles, and at the same time the indomitable spirit of man which overcomes the pitiless force of nature. Though the rope may part and the great junk swing back, in the end the rapid will be passed; and at the close of the weary day there is the hearty meal...But the most agonizing song is the song of the coolies who bring the great bales from the junk up the steep steps to the town wall. Up and down they go, endlessly, and endless as their toil rises their rhythmic cry. He, aw --ah, oh. They are barefoot and naked to the waist. The sweat pours down their faces and their song is a groan of pain. It is a sigh of despair. It is heart-rending. It is hardly human. It is the cry of souls in infinite distress, only just musical, and that last note is the ultimate sob of humanity. Life is too hard, too cruel, and this is the final despairing protest. That is the song of the river.河之歌4Lifetime Catch He was 11 years old and went fishing every chance he got from the dock at his family's cabin on an island in the middle of a New Hampshire lake. On the day before the bass season opened, he and his father were fishing early in the evening, catching sunfish and perch with worms. Then he tied on a small silver lure and practiced casting. The lure struck the water and caused colored ripples in the sunset, then silver ripples as the moon rose over the lake. When his pole doubled over, he knew something huge was on the other end. His father watched with admiration as the boy skillfully worked the fish alongside the dock. Finally, he very gingerly lifted the exhausted fish from the water. It was the largest one he had ever seen, but it was a bass. Theboy and his father looked at the handsome fish, gills playing back and forth in the moonlight. The father lit a match and looked at his watch. It was 10 P.M. -- two hours before the season opened. He looked at the fish, then at the boy."You'll have to put it back, son," he said. "Dad!" cried the boy."There will be other fish," said his father. "Not as big as this one," cried the boy. He looked around the lake. No other fishermen or boats were anywhere around in the moonlight. He looked again at his father. Even though no one had seen them, nor could anyone ever know what time he caught the fish, the boy could tell by the clarity of his father's voice that the decision was not negotiable. He slowly worked the hook out of the lip of the huge bass and lowered it into the black water. The creature swished its powerful body and disappeared. The boy suspected that he would never again see such a great fish. That was 34 years ago. Today, the boy is a successful architect in New York City. His father's cabin is still there on the island in the middle of the lake. He takes his own son and daughters fishing from the same dock.And he was right. He has never again caught such a magnificent fish as the one he landed that night long ago. But he does see that same fish-again and again-every time he comes up against a question of ethics. For, as his father taught him, ethics are simple matters of right and wrong. It is only the practice of ethics that is difficult. Do we do right when no one is looking? Do we refuse to cut corners to get the design in on time? Or refuse to trade stocks based on information that we know we aren't supposed to have? We would if we were taught to put the fish back when we were young. For we would have learned the truth. The decision to do right lives fresh and fragrant in our memory. It is a story we will proudly tell our friends and grandchildren. Not about how we had a chance to beat the system and took it, but about how we did the right thing and were forever strengthened.虚拟伦敦3D数字模型伦敦将举办2012年奥运会，各项准备工作正如火如荼的展开;在未来的十年里伦敦的人口将增加至少一百万。
自考本科翻译试题及答案
自考本科翻译试题及答案一、词汇翻译（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译下列单词：- 经济全球化- 可持续发展- 人工智能- 虚拟现实- 环境保护2. 翻译下列短语：- 信息时代- 绿色能源- 国际合作- 网络安全- 人口老龄化二、句子翻译（每题5分，共30分）1. 随着科技的快速发展，人工智能在各个领域都发挥着越来越重要的作用。
2. 可持续发展是解决环境问题和促进经济增长的关键。
3. 虚拟现实技术为教育和娱乐行业带来了革命性的变革。
4. 经济全球化促进了国际贸易和文化交流。
5. 环境保护是每个国家和个人的责任。
三、段落翻译（每题10分，共50分）1. 近年来，随着全球化进程的加快，跨国公司在全球范围内寻求发展机会。
这些公司通过投资、技术转移和市场拓展，不仅推动了当地经济的发展，也为当地居民提供了就业机会。
2. 人工智能的发展为医疗领域带来了新的机遇。
通过大数据分析和机器学习，AI技术可以帮助医生更准确地诊断疾病，提高治疗效率。
3. 虚拟现实技术在教育领域的应用正在逐渐增多。
通过模拟真实环境，学生可以在虚拟世界中进行实践操作，从而提高学习效率和兴趣。
4. 环境保护是全球性的挑战。
各国需要加强合作，共同应对气候变化、生物多样性丧失等问题。
5. 信息时代的到来极大地改变了人们的生活方式。
互联网和移动设备的普及使得信息获取和交流变得更加便捷。
答案：一、词汇翻译1. Economic globalization2. Sustainable development3. Artificial intelligence4. Virtual reality5. Environmental protection2. Information age2. Green energy3. International cooperation4. Cyber security5. Aging population二、句子翻译1. With the rapid development of technology, artificial intelligence plays an increasingly important role in various fields.2. Sustainable development is the key to solvingenvironmental problems and promoting economic growth.3. Virtual reality technology has brought revolutionarychanges to the education and entertainment industries.4. Economic globalization promotes international trade and cultural exchanges.5. Environmental protection is the responsibility of every country and individual.三、段落翻译1. In recent years, with the acceleration of theglobalization process, multinational companies are seeking development opportunities worldwide. These companies not only promote local economic development through investment, technology transfer, and market expansion but also provide employment opportunities for local residents.2. The development of artificial intelligence has brought new opportunities to the medical field. Through big data analysis and machine learning, AI technology can help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately and improve treatment efficiency.3. The application of virtual reality technology in the field of education is gradually increasing. By simulating real environments, students can practice operations in the virtual world, thereby improving learning efficiency and interest.4. Environmental protection is a global challenge. Countries need to strengthen cooperation to jointly address issues such as climate change and loss of biodiversity.5. The advent of the information age has greatly changed people's lifestyles. The widespread use of the internet and mobile devices has made information acquisition and communication more convenient.。
商务英语 英语 本科自考 口 译试题及答案 例样
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答(三)
中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答（三）中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1. 中小企业: small and medium enterprises2. 洗钱：money laundering3. 人民币升值：appreciation of the RMB4. 次贷危机: Subprime mortgage crisis5. 水土流失: water and soil loss6. 贸易顺差: trade surplus7. 企业社会责任: Corporate Social Responsibility8. 主权信用评级: sovereign credit rating9. 贩卖人口: human trafficking10. 美国驻华大使: American Ambassador to China11. 温室效应: Green House Effect12. 投资回报率: Return On Investment13. 供应链: Supply Chain14. 劳动密集型产业: labor-intensive industry15. 防止核扩散条约: Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; nuclear non-proliferation treaty16. capital chain: 资金链17. humanitarian intervention: 人道主义干涉18. credit facilities：信贷措施;信贷服务19. exclusive interview: 独家采访20. clean governance：廉洁从政;廉政21. poll：投票;民意测验;民意调查22. double-dip recession：双底衰退;二次衰退;双谷经济衰退22. the State Council：(中国)国务院23. debt limit：债务限额;债务上限;债务额度24. a Palestinian proposal to apply for statehood：巴基斯坦申请建国的提议;巴勒斯坦建国提案25. social security：社会保障;社会保险27. an earthquake of 9.0 magnitude on the Richter Scale：里氏9.0级地震28. a cease-fire agreement：停火协定;停战协定29. oil leak：漏油30. organizing committee：组织委员会II. Passage translationSection A English to ChineseAll parents damage their children. It cannot be helped. Youth, like a clean glass, absorbs the prints of its handlers. Some parents smudge, others crack, a few shatter childhoods completely into jagged little pieces, beyond repair. Parents rarely let go of their children, so children let go of them. They move on. They move away. The moments that used to define them—a mother’sapproval, a father’s nod—are covered by moments of their own accomplishments. It is not until much later, as the skin sags and the heart weakens, that children understand: their stories, and all their accomplishments, sit atop the stories of their mothers and fathers, stones upon stones, beneath the waters of their lives.Through it all, despite it all, Eddie privately adored his old man, because sons will adore their fathers through even the worst behavior. It is how they learn devotion. Before he can devote himself to God or a woman, a boy will devote himself to his father, even foolishly, even beyond explanation.参考译文:所有的父母都会伤害孩子。
大学生翻译考试题及答案
大学生翻译考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. 翻译理论中的“dynamic equivalence”是由哪位翻译家提出的？A. NidaB. TouryC. SkoposD. Venuti答案：A2. 下列哪项不是翻译过程中需要考虑的因素？A. 语言风格B. 文化差异C. 个人偏好D. 目标语言的语法规则答案：C3. 在翻译中，“忠实”通常指的是对原文的什么忠实？A. 内容B. 形式C. 风格D. 所有以上答案：D4. “Foreignization”和“domestication”是翻译策略中的哪两个概念？A. 文化适应B. 语言转换C. 读者导向D. 作者导向答案：A5. 下列哪个不是翻译技巧？A. 直译B. 意译C. 机器翻译D. 归化答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）6. 翻译活动通常包括三个步骤：理解、_________、表达。
答案：转换7. 在翻译中，处理专有名词时，通常采用_________的策略。
答案：音译或保留原文8. 翻译的标准之一是“信、达、雅”，其中“雅”指的是译文的_________。
答案：文采或风格9. 翻译理论中的“功能主义”是由德国翻译学者_________提出的。
答案：Katharina Reiss10. 在翻译实践中，处理习语和谚语时，可以采用_________的方法。
答案：文化补偿三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）11. 简述翻译中的“直译”与“意译”的区别。
答案：直译是指尽可能忠实于原文的字面意思，逐字逐句地翻译，保持原文的结构和词汇。
意译则更注重传达原文的意图、情感和语境，允许译者在不改变原文意思的前提下，根据目标语言的习惯进行适当的调整和改写。
12. 描述翻译中的“归化”策略，并给出一个例子。
答案：归化是一种翻译策略，它将原文中的文化元素转换为目标语言文化中的对应元素，使译文更易于目标语言读者的理解和接受。
例如，将中文的“龙”翻译为英文的“dragon”时，可能需要解释其在中国文化中的吉祥含义，因为“dragon”在西方文化中通常带有负面含义。
2018年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2018年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解PART ⅠVOCABULARY TRANSLATION [60 MIN] (1×30＝30 POINTS) SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [30 MIN]1.文化立法【答案】cultural legislation2.非遗传承【答案】inheritance of intangible culture heritages3.民粹主义【答案】Populism4.避税天堂【答案】Tax Haven5.巴黎气候协定【答案】Paris Climate Agreement6.去产能【答案】reduce capacity7.共享单车【答案】bicycle sharing8.房产泡沫【答案】real estate bubble9.补偿贸易【答案】compensation trade10.移动支付【答案】mobile payment11.人工智能【答案】artificial intelligence（AI）12.去杠杆【答案】deleverage13.经济弱复苏【答案】weak economic recovery14.社会主义核心价值观【答案】socialist core values15.十九大【答案】the 19th National CongressSECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE [30 MIN] 1. Pivot to Asia【答案】重返亚太2. Mass shooting【答案】大规模枪击案3. Bit coin【答案】比特币4. Electoral college【答案】（美国）总统选举团5. Rust belt State【答案】铁锈地带国家6. Refugee Crisis【答案】难民危机7. Goldman Sachs【答案】高盛集团8. Infant industry【答案】幼稚产业9. Cremea【答案】克里米亚10. Communitarianism【答案】社群主义11. Malware【答案】恶意软件12. Deregulation of interest rate 【答案】利率市场化13. Emmanuel Macron【答案】埃马纽埃尔·马克龙14. Catalonia referendum【答案】加泰罗尼亚公投15. International Chamber of Commerce【答案】国际商会PART ⅡTRANSLATION [120 MIN] (2×60＝120 POINTS)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH TRANSLATION [60 MIN]我第一次读到莫言，是他的《红高粱》，大约是在20世纪80年代末。
自考英语本科试题翻译近十年真题及答案汇编
（01-08年）4月份考题分类详解选择最佳的译文英语词语的理解6.The car beeped at me until I fastened my seatbelt.（英语连词的理解）（0204）A.汽车向我发出了嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。
B.汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。
C.汽车在我系上安全带之前才发出嘟嘟的声音。
D.汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。
3．My teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood that everything has a name.（英语词语的理解）（0804）A．在我知道每样东西都有一个名字以前，老师已经教我好几个星期了。
B．老师和我相处了好几个星期，我都不知道每样东西还有一个名字。
C．在我知道每样东西都有一个名字以前，老师和我已经相处好几个星期了。
D．老师教了我好几个星期，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。
4. While we cannot close the gulf between us, we can try' to bridge it so that we may be able to talk across it.（英语词语的理解）（0604）A．当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。
B．在我们不能弥合双方之问的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。
C．虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。
D．虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。
5.Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, and the waters flow more quietly. （英语词语的理解）（0104）[A]河面逐渐展开，两岸徐徐向后退去，河水也流得更为平缓。
2019中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟卷与答案详解
2019中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟卷与答案详解2019中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟卷与答案详解（共4套）由逸仙中大考研网依托多年丰富的教学与辅导经验，组织逸仙教学研发团队与中山大学翻译硕士专业的高分研究生共同合作编写而成。
全书内容紧凑权威细致，编排结构科学合理，为参加2019中山大学考研的考生量身定做的初试必备专业课资料。
本书在遵循中山大学专业课最新考研考试大纲的基础上，结合历年考研真题规律，制定了四套模拟卷，并有详细的配套答案讲解，适用于考生在冲刺模拟阶段的专业课复习。
适用院系：国际翻译学院：【英语笔译（专业学位）、英语口译（专业学位）】适用科目：357英语翻译基础内容详情一、考前最后十天综合辅导：本部分包括了考研冲刺模考阶段作息时间安排建议、考前饮食原则及注意事项、考场准备及考试注意事项、考研十大临场应试技巧四大部分内容，旨在帮助考生养精蓄锐保持身心健康，以最佳的姿态迎战考研；同时详细说明了各类考前、考中、考后等各项生活、考试事宜，帮助考生规避考试各环节中可能出现的失误或失分，最大化地提高自己的得分。
二、考研模拟四套卷：在遵循中山大学专业课最新考研考试大纲的基础上，结合历年考研真题的命题规律，制定了四套模拟卷，方便考生在冲刺模拟阶段的模拟练习。
通过四套模拟卷的做题，检查对知识点的掌握情况，训练自己的做题速度和正确率，提前调整到临考做题状态，感受考场氛围。
2019年中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟试卷（一）2019年中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟试卷（二）2019年中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟试卷（三）2019年中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟试卷（四）三、考研模拟四套卷答案详解：针对每一道模拟题均进行详细的答案解答，特别适用于考生在冲刺模考阶段的检测，通过自身做题后与参考答案的比对，找出自身的薄弱点和不足，巩固复习重点和核心考点，并在模拟演练中提高答题技巧。
2019年中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟卷答案详解（一）2019年中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟卷答案详解（二）2019年中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟卷答案详解（三）2019年中山大学357英语翻译基础考研模拟卷答案详解（四）四、复试调剂指导：在初试结束后，紧随而来的便是复试的准备。
中南大学本科英语翻译测试卷
中南大学考试试卷2007--2008学年一学期时间120分钟翻译理论与实践A卷课程64学时4学分考试形式：闭卷专业年级：英语系04—1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8班总分100分，占总评成绩70%【Give your answers on ANSWER SHEET attached】I. Judging the following translations with “Y” (good) or “N” (not good): 20 %1．中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。
译文：On two points China can be account. First, it upholds principle and second, it keeps its words.2. 青城山地质地貌独特，植被茂密，气候适宜，林木葱翠，层峦叠嶂，曲径逶迤，古观藏趣。
译文. Endowed with special geological landforms and a mild climate, Qingcheng Mountain enjoys exuberant vegetations and forests through which the paths wind, as well as the ancient temples dispersing in ranges of mountains.3. 一个人在原企业的优秀业绩可以为他今后求职提供“敲门砖”。
译文：An employee’s previous outstanding performance is a very important stepping stone to his or her job hunting.4. My table manners are atrocious----in this respect I’ve slipped back hundreds of years in fact, I have no manners whatsoever. If I feel like it, I eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up---in other words, whichever is easiest.译文：我的吃相实在不雅，这方面一下就倒退了几百年，实在是一点规矩也没有。
大学英语高级翻译讲义及答案
第一讲中国翻译史、翻译的性质、标准、目的和要求一、中国翻译史1. 东汉—唐宋：第一次高潮2.明末清初——第二次高潮3. 五四以前——第三次高潮4. 五四运动之后——第四次高潮5. 1978改革开放后—第五次高潮二、翻译的性质三、翻译的标准四、翻译课的目的和对译者的要求一、中国翻译史中国的翻译已有近2000年的历史，出现过的翻译高潮大致也有五次。
1. 东汉—唐宋：第一次高潮中国佛教的三大翻译家：鸠摩罗什(Kumarajiva 344--413)、真谛(Paramartha/Gunarata 499--569)、佛经翻译（Translation of Buddhist Scripture）玄奘(Xuan Zang)。
由于佛经的翻译，使“佛经”和“论”两种文体进入汉语。
鸠摩罗什(Kumarajiva 344--413)天竺人，东晋时来华，译经300多卷。
一改过去音译的弱点，主张意译，并倡导译者署名。
他的译著有“天然西域之语趣”，表达了原作之神情，为我国的翻译文学奠定了基础。
真谛(Paramartha/Gunarata 499--569)印度佛教学者，南北朝时来华，译了49部经。
著有《摄大乘论》，对中国佛教思想有较大的影响。
玄奘(Xuan Zang)唐朝人，于628年去印度求经，17年后回国，主持译场，19年译出75部佛经。
把老子著作的一部分译成梵文，是第一个向国外介绍汉文的中国人。
他的翻译标准“既须求真，又须喻俗”，直到今天仍有意义。
主张音译，其音译为主的翻译方法对于固定和传播佛教词语和概念以及印度语言文化于中国，具有不可磨灭的历史功绩。
2.明末清初——第二次高潮西方科技著作的汉译：徐光启和意大利人利玛窦（Matteo Ricci,1552—1610）合作翻译的欧几里《几何原本》、《测量法义》等中国典籍的西译：利玛窦最早将“四书”译成拉丁文。
中国经典和儒家学说通过意大利和法国传教士的翻译与介绍，先后有了拉丁文和法文译本，流传到欧洲知识界和上层社会。
2017年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2017年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．FOB正确答案：船上交货价格，离岸价格(Free on Board)2．Futures business正确答案：期货交易3．Silicon Valley正确答案：硅谷4．Multipolarity正确答案：多极性5．Ramadan正确答案：斋月6．genetic mutation正确答案：基因突变7．diplomatic asylum正确答案：外交庇护8．International Herald Tribune正确答案：《国际先驱论坛报》9．bubble economy正确答案：泡沫经济10．NAFTA正确答案：北美自由贸易协定(North American Free Trade Agreement) 11．South-South Cooperation正确答案：南南合作12．e-government正确答案：电子政务13．Hegemonism正确答案：霸权主义14．Brexit正确答案：英国脱欧15．presidential debate正确答案：总统竞选辩论汉译英16．常务委员正确答案：member of the standing committee17．传统产业正确答案：traditional industry18．不良贷款正确答案：non-performing loan19．优惠关税正确答案：preferencial tariff20．《论语》正确答案：The Analects of Confucius21．欲速则不达正确答案：Fool’s haste is no speed. /More haste, less speed.22．整顿煤矿正确答案：crack down on illegal coal mining23．总供给正确答案：aggregate supply24．长治久安正确答案：long-term stability25．保险索赔正确答案：insurance claims26．出口配额正确答案：export quotas27．综合国力正确答案：comprehensive national strength28．法制观念正确答案：legal consciousness29．国家质量监督检验检疫总局正确答案：General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China30．安居工程正确答案：Comfortable Housing Project英译汉31．The idea that American bosses are obscenely overpaid is conventional wisdom, and not just among the true believers at the Democratic convention. The New York Times complains of “fat paychecks to chief executives who, by many measures, don’t deserve them. “ Forbes, hardly the in-house journal of Occupy Wall Street, frets that CEO pay is “gravity-defying”. An issue in April gave warning that “our report on executive compensation will only fuel the outrage over corporate greed. This orthodoxy rests on three propositions: that CEO pay just keeps on going up; that it is not tied to performance; and that boards are not doing their job of holding fat cats’ paws to the fire. These propositions in turn rest on a bigger argument: that CEOs are using their political power to rig the system, and that an efficient market for talent would produce very different results. The Dodd-Frank law of 2010 required all public firms to hold an annual “say on pay” vote for top executives. But turnover rates suggest that boards have been getting tougher on CEOs for years. And last year, despite a lot of noise by activists, shareholders voted to uphold 98% of pay proposals. The evidence suggests that CEO pay is determined mostly by supply and demand, not bad corporate governance or skewed incentives. Companies compete for scarce talent. They reap big rewards for a smart hire because they are growing larger and more global. They suffer big losses from a bad hire for much the same reason. They pay what it takes to woo the best bosses, and sack them if they stumble. That is how it should work. -------Selected from “Bargain Bosses” , the Economics 正确答案：民主党大会上一些人坚定地认为美国高管的薪资过高，而且持这种观点的人并非少数。