The Science and Engineering of MaterialsPPT课件

Viscosity () - Measure of resistance to flow, defined as
the ratio of shear stress to shear strain rate (units Poise
or Pa-s).
Thixotropic behavior - Materials that show shear
Figure 6.2 The materials used in sports equipment must be lightweight, stiff, tough, and impact resistant. (Courtesy of Getty Images.)
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Section 6.2 Terminology for Mechanical Properties
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Section 6.1 Technological Significance
Figure 6.1 Aircraft, such as the one shown here, makes use of aluminum alloys and carbon-fiber-reinforced composites. (Courtesy of Getty Images.)
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Objectives of Chapter 6
Introduce the basic concepts associated with mechanical properties of materials.
Evaluate factors that affect the mechanical properties of materials.
6.14 Weibull Statistics for Failure Strength Analysis
6.15 Fatigue 6.16 Results of the Fatigue Test 6.17 Application of Fatigue Testing 6.18 Creep, Stress Rupture, and Stress Corrosion 6.19 Evaluation of Creep Behavior 6.20 Use of Creep Data 6.21 Superplasticity
thinning and also an apparent viscosity that at a
constant rate of shear decreases with time.
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Diagram 6.4 Properties Obtained from the Tensile Test 6.5 True Stress and True Strain 6.6 The Bend Test for Brittle Materials 6.7 Hardness of Materials 6.8 Strain Rate Effects and Impact Behavior 6.9 Properties Obtained from the Impact Test 6.10 Fracture Mechanics 6.11 The Importance of Fracture Mechanics
stress-strain curve in the elastic region, same as
modulus of elasticity.
Shear modulus (G) - The slope of the linear part of the
shear stress-shear strain curve.
Figure 6.3 (a) Tensile, compressive, shear and bending stresses. (b) Illustration showing how Young’s modulus is defined for elastic material. (c) For nonlinear materials, we use the slope of a tangent as a variable quantity that replaces the Young’s modulus constant
The Science and Engineering of Materials, 4th ed
Donald R. Askeland – Pradeep P. Phulé
Chapter 6 – Mechanical Properties and Behavior
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整体 概述
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Review some of the basic testing procedures that engineers use to evaluate many of these properties.
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Chapter Outline
6.1 Technological Significance 6.2 Terminology for Mechanical Properties 6.3 The Tensile Test: Use of the Stress-Strain
Stress - Force or load per unit area of cross-section over
which the force or load is acting.
Strain - Elongation change in dimension per unit length.
Young’s modulus - The slope of the linear part ofline(Continued)
6.12 Microstructural Features of Fracture in Metallic Materials
6.13 Microstructural Features of Fracture in Ceramics, Glasses, and Composites