Ving_做主语和宾语
高中英语真题-V-ing形式作主语和宾语
高中英语真题:V-ing形式作主语和宾语一、V-ing形式作主语1. V-ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为，尤其是强调多次性的动作。
如：Reading poems gives me muc h pleasure. 读诗给我带来很多欢乐。
动词不定式作主语常表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作。
如：To go to town this afternoon is necessary. 今天下午进城是必要的。
2. V-ing形式常用于It’s no use (useless) doing, It’s no good doing, There is no doi ng (不可能，不允许)句型中。
如：It’s no use forcing children to learn. 强迫孩子学习是没有用的。
There is no telling what will happen. 未来的事，无法预料。
考例：’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use with h im.A. to argueB. arguingC. arguedD. having argued答案：B。
3. V-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。
如：Learning new words is very useful to us. 对我们来说学习生词很重要。
二、V-ing形式作宾语1. 跟V-ing形式作宾语的动词有：spend, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider (考虑), delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practise, risk, suggest 等及feel like, be fond of, what (how) about等固定词组。
Ving作主宾表定状补
Not having worked hard all day, I didn’t feel tired.
其他补充： 其他补充： go on/carry on/stop doing停/继续正在做的 go on/carry on/stop to do 停/继续转另一事 mean/try to do 打算/努力去做 mean/try doing 意味着/尝试 be used to doing (介词)适应于 be used to do (被动)被用作.. can’t help doing 情不自禁 can’t help to do 不能帮助
Ving是 非谓语动词的一种 同时具有名、动词特征， 在句中可做主、宾、表、定、状、补语
一、-ing作主语 1. -ing表经常、习惯、泛指的动作 不定式则表具体、一次性的动作 2.对某人来说做某事很...(是特指) It’s important/necessary for sb.to do It’s polite/rude/cruel of sb.to do. 3. 做...是很....(这类事是普遍适用的) it is no use/good/fun doing.... it is a waste of time doing... it is dangerous/worthwhile/useless doing...
2. I hate _________(lose) that game. to lose sitting doing 3. She hate _______(sit) still and _______ (do) nothing.
To become 4. ___________(become) a doctor is her dream. 总结：ing作主、宾、表是泛指，
必修四Unit语法GrammarVing做主语和宾语
__L_e_a_r_n_in_g__n_e_w__w_o_r_d_s_ is very important for me． 3)说比做容易。___S_a_y_in_g___ is easier than doing.
2. -ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用it 作形式主语, 用形容词或名词作表语。 常见的名词或名词短语有:
这种事开不得玩笑。
There was no knowing when he would leave.
无法知道他什么时候离开
There is no point in doing so.
那样做毫无意义。
【注意】 动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：
动词ing形式作主语表示泛指的行为，不定式 作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。作宾 语时的情况也是如此。 Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。
1. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice
has been his life goal.
subject
2. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing
mah-jong, swimming and reading. object
(2)英语中有一些动词短语也常跟v.ing形式作宾语, 如:insist on(坚持)，object to(反对)，be good at， lead to，leave off(停止)，put off，give up， look forward to，feel like(想要)，devote to (把……奉献给)，get used to(习惯于)，pay attention to，cannot help(禁不住), cannot stand
五动名词现在分词过去分词Ving结构
attempt, begin, continue, forget, remember, hate, learn, like, love, prefer, need, regret, start, stop, try, want
作主语 Learning without practice is no good. 作主语时有时用it引导的形式主语。 It is no good learning without practice. It is worthwhile discussing the question again.
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)
一般地，Ving 结构作主语、表语、动词宾语、 介词宾语、前置定语时为动名词，后置定语、 状语时为现在分词。
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)
动名词：既具有动词的性质，后可接宾语，可 用副词修饰语，又占据名词的位置，可作主语、 动词宾语、介词宾语和补语。
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)一
They began studying computer last week.
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)四
1. remember, forget, regret Can’t you remember telling me the story last night? You must remember to tell him the news. I don’t regret telling her what I thought. 2. need, want The letter needs signing. =The letter needs to be
ving的用法
被动形式
一般 式 完成 式
doing having done
being done
having been done
ving的被动式
• He hates being interrupted. • 他不愿意被人打断。 • I’m not used to being treated like this. • 我不习惯受这种款待。 • I appreciate being given this opportunity. • 我很感谢给了我这个机会。
exercises
• 1.（2008江苏卷）--- They are quiet, aren’t they? • --- Yes. They are accustomed ____________ at meals. • A. to talk • B. to not talk • C. to talking • D. to not talking
ving的完成式
• • • • • He denied having been there. 他不承认到过那里。 She admits having seen us. 她承认见到了我们。 The safe showed no sign of having been touched. • 保险柜没有被人动过的痕迹。
• a swimming pool • a dancing hall
• • • • •
a smoking room a sleeping bag a writing desk writing paper drinking water
• 1）结论：动名词作定语用来说 明该名词的用途，不表示名词 本身的动作。（作前置定语）
• 1.动词ing 作状语，其否定形式 为 在它前面加not，never等。 • Not knowing how to find the station, I asked a policeman for help.
ving作表,定,补
Do you know the boy playing basket?（=Who is playing basket)
The man visiting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle
总结
① 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 ② 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意 思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进 行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的 状态。 ③作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则 应放在被修饰词的后面；如果是单个词， 则放在前面
We all like 傅园慧搞笑（amuse）的表情
V-ing as object complement
When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. They found the film very exciting. I felt somebody standing behind me. We kept the fire burning all night long. I won‘t have you running about in the room. We heard the telephone ringing.
V-ing as predicative
Her duty is taking care of the babies. Our job is playing all kinds of music. The music they are playing sounds exciting. The film we saw last night is quite moving.
高二英语动词v-ing形式.ppt
1 The news is exciting. 2 The food smells inviting. 3 The situation is encouraging. 4 The day was so charming. 5 She is writing to me. 现在分词做表语多表示主语所具有的特征
At noon we had a picnic in the sunshine. After that we had to say goodbye to the workers . Looking at the trees , we felt very happy.
We had a good day today.
Surprising news
Running shoes
The boy lying under the tree
→The boy who / that is lying under the tree.
1 The tall girl s_t_a_n_d_i_n_g there is a basketball player. (stand)
(perform)
5 I could hear the newly- married couple _q_u_a_rr_e_ll_in_g__ every day over small matters.
(quarrel)
6 We watched the cyclists _c_y_c_li_n_g_down the road
3 The girl _s_i_t_t_in__g at the door will sing us a song. (sit)
→The girl who / that is sitting at the door will sing us a song.
ving的用法
--ving的用法：一．--ving的分类：1．动名词=动词+名词，可以在句中做主语，宾语，表语，定语。
2．现在分词=动词+形容词，可以在句中做表语，定语，宾语补助语以及状语。
主动形式被动形式一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done二．动名词做主语的用法1.抽象、笼统的动作或泛指某动作行为。
Eg.Acting out stereotypes of people from different countries can be very funny. Playing football is his hobby.Sleeping is a great pleasure.Learning a foreign language is very useful for everyone.Arguing with her is a waste of time.2. 用it代替动名词做主语的情况，结构有：It is no use/ good/ fun/ a waste of time doing sth.It’s no use going there today; he won’t be there.It’s a waste of time arguing about it. 三．动名词做宾语的用法可以置于行为动词和介词后。
Eg.I suggested having a picnic. However, we didn’t reach an agreement.I have finished checking the homework. He is good at drawing.只能用动名词做宾语的动词及短语如下Advice, avoid, allow, appreciate, enjoy, escape, finish, dislike, imagine, mind, permit, practise, suggest, can’t help, give up, insist on, feel like, spend / waste time, have difficulty/ problem/ trouble doing sth, etc.在介词后面做宾语：devote to, look forward to, be fond of, prevent from, beengaged in（忙于）, depend on,be/get/become used to等Need, want, require, be worth 后接动名词主动表示被动的含义，如：The room needs cleaning. = the room needs to be cleaned.The movie is worth seeing.有的动词尽管可以用两种结构，但意义明显不同，须认真加以区别：I forgot to close the door before I left the room.I forgot having closed the door.He tried to write better. (尽量努力地写) He tried writing with a brush. (用毛笔试着写)I couldn’t help finishing it. (不能不结束某事)I couldn’t help to finish it. (不能帮助结束某事)They left off fishing. (停止钓鱼)They left off to fish. (离开某处出发去钓鱼)I regret to say that there is no wine in the bottle. (对现在要发生的事表示遗憾、抱歉)I regret not taking your advice. (后悔) 四．动名词和现在分词做定语的用法。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
3.动词能否做主语? 动词能否做宾语?
Which are correct?
我喜欢阅读。 I like read. I like reading. 阅读是我的兴趣。 Read is my interest. Reading is my interest.
The bird was lucky that it just missed _____. A. catching B. being caught C. to be caught D. to catch
being punished I object to_______________(punish) for such a small mistake.
need /want/require
doi别较大
remember/regret/forget to do remember/regret/forget doing
未做
已做
I regret telling you the news． I regret to tell you that you are fired.
禁不住做某事
can't help (to) do 不能帮助做某事
动名词的复合结构
1. 物主代词或名词的所有格+doing
His failing _________(he fail) in the exam made them disappointed. _____________(Mary come) surprised everyone present. Mary’s coming
总结
动词不能做主语或宾语。 V-ing形式和动词不定式（to do） 能做主语或者宾语。
doing done
动名词
现在分词
to do
v-ing和动词不定式作主语
1）作主语时，不定式与动名词一般可以通用。 Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 2）表示一种普遍的动作或经验,一般用v-ing 作 主语： Playing chess is fun. Doing exercise is the best way to lose weight. 3）表示具体或将来的动作用不定式作主语。 Swimming is good,but to swim in such a polluted river is not good for your health.
归纳: 常用it 做形式主语，v-ing形式置于句末句型有：
It
is a waste of time doing
It’s a waste of time arguing with him, for he never changes his mind once he has made a decision.
stop doing
stop to do go on doing go on to do 停止做某事 停下来(别的事)开始做某事 继续做原来做的事 接着做另一件事
mean doing
mean to do
意味着要做某事 想要做某事
try doing
try to do
尝试做某事
努力做某事
can't help doing
2. 名词的普通格或人称代词宾格+doing my/me opening (I open) the window? Would you mind______________ Tom becoming Can you imagine_____________(Tom become) the leader?
I suggest meeting at the restaurant. I insist on going there on foot.
2. 意义基本相同 A. like, love, hate, prefer
to do 具体的一次性动作 doing 经常性
B. begin/start, continue, intend to do/doing 无区别
短语：be interested in, be fond of, be good at, dream of,
feel like, spend…in, be proud of, get/be used to, lead to, look forward to, succeed in, pay attention to, give up, devote..to, object to, insist on etc.
It’s
no good/use/useless doing It’s (well) worth doing
作宾语
1.后只能接doing作宾语的动词, 常见的有 avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, admit, finish, suggest, escape, imagine, mind, miss, practise etc.