四六级翻译分类整合讲课稿
全国大学英语四级 CET4 翻译专题讲座PPT课件
四级翻译的提升方法
基本功
单词量（四级大纲词汇） 基本句型和语法结构的掌握
大量练习
翻译技巧
• 直译、意译、音译 • 语序调换（定语、状语） • 拆句、合句 •主从区分 • 省译、增译
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四级翻译样卷
剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统 民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多 的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。人们常用剪纸 美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间， 剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆 气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康 和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎， 常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。（134词，6句）
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如何逐句翻译 1. 词 的 翻 译 2. 句 的 翻 译
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词的翻译方法
直译
意译
既保持原文 内容、又保 持原文形式 的翻译方法 或翻译文字。
只保持原文 内容、不保 持原文形式 的翻译方法 或翻译文字
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音译
是一种以 原语言读 音为依据 的翻译形 式
1 词汇翻译 –准确直译
佛 教 Buddhism 功夫 Kongfu 京 剧 Peking Opera 庙会 temple fair 梁祝 Butterfly Lovers 独生子女政策 one-child policy 改革开放 reform and opening- up
改译：Our managing director will host a reception banquet in your honor tonight, and we would like you and your family to come to the dinner.
四六级翻译分类整合上课讲义
四六级翻译分类整合四六级翻译真题整合经济类1.中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。
构成现在世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。
中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并经历着一次新的工业革命。
中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其实包括到2020年建成一个太空站。
目前，中国是世界上最大的出口国之一，并正在吸引大量外国投资。
同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。
2011年，中国超越日本成为第二大经济体。
China is one of the world’s oldest civilizations. Many elements which formed the basis of the modern world originated from China. Now, China has the world’s fastest growing economy, experiencing a new industrial revolution. It also has launched an ambitious space exploration plan, including building a space station by 2020. At present, as one of the world’s largest exporters, China is attracting a large number of foreign investments. At the same time, it has invested billions of dollars abroad as well. In 2011, China overtook Japan becoming the second largest economy in the world.2.据报道，今年中国快递服务(courier service)将递送大约120亿件包裹。
四六级翻译讲义考研资料
四六级翻译讲义主讲老师：薛非一、大纲解读四级考试：要求考生能将题材熟悉、语言难度较低的汉语段落翻译成英语。
段落内容涉及中国文化、历史及社会发展。
译文基本准确地表达原文的意思，语句通顺，句式和用词较为恰当。
能运用基本的翻译策略。
能在半个小时内将长度为140到160个汉字的段落译成英语。
六级考试：要求考生能将题材熟悉、语言难度中等的汉语段落翻译成英语。
段落内容涉及中国的文化、历史及社会发展。
译文基本准确地表达原文的意思，语句流畅，句式运用恰当，用词贴切。
能较好地运用翻译策略。
能在半个小时内将长度为180到200个汉字的段落译成英语。
档次描述14分档译文准确表达了原文的意思。
译文流畅，结构清晰，用词贴切，基本无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
11分档译文基本表达了原文的意思。
结构较为清晰，语言通顺，但有少量语言错误。
8分档译文勉强表达了原文的意思。
译文勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。
5分档译文仅表达了小部分原文的意思。
译文连贯性差，有相当多的严重语言错误。
2分档除个别词语或句子，译文基本没有表达原文的意思。
二、提高方式要想提高汉英翻译，以下三点为必经之路：掌握英汉对比、学习翻译技巧、大量刻意练习。
1.形合vs.意和●语法范畴：词性、冠词、单复数、时态、语态、语气、及物、比较。
●句法范畴：英文严谨，多长难句，多指代；汉语自由，多小短句，多缺失。
金庸是著名作家。
知己知彼，百战不殆。
I won’t go until he comes.If winter comes,can spring be far behind?他走了进来，鼻子冻得通红。
小红的头发比小明长。
那里的生活节奏比大多数中国城市都要缓慢。
There’s life’s rhythm is slower than most Chinese cities.Rhythm of life there is slower than most Chinese cities’.The pace of life there is slower than that of most Chinese cities.2.被动vs.主动●英文多被动，汉语多主动与隐形被动。
四六级翻译部分讲解
应试方法 翻译中的常见问题 •对材料理解不当，造成译文与原意偏差过大。 •表达能力欠缺，译文不够通顺、流畅。
应对办法 1. 重视语言基本功训练。 2. 对英语基本句型了解，熟悉各种方法和技巧。
答题步骤
•通读题目，准确理解； •分析成分，划分意群； •选择词义，贴切表达； •通读全句，检验加工。
检验加工过程 1. 核实译文与原文内容是否一致； 2. 检查译文是否符合英语表达习惯； 3. 检查译文是否有错译或漏译； 4. 检查标点符号； 5. 对译文进一步加工润色。
（二）． 定语从句
• 定语从句是修饰限定名词或代词的从句。掌握 定语从句的关键在于把握引导词，既用来引导 定语从句的词。定语从句的内容比较庞杂，希 望同学们在复习时多总结和归纳。 真题重现 • 【CET-4：2007.6】The prevent and treatment of AIDS is ________________________ (我们可以 合作的领域). • 参考答案：a field where(in which) we can cooperate.
2.宾语从句---从句作宾语。 • The court decisions have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. • 法院裁决责令公立学校必须采取必要步骤提供这种 教育。 • I can’t understand why he avoided speaking to me. • 我不理解他为什么不跟我说话。 真题重现 【CET-4：2007.12】Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ____________(是用他们能够借到 多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn. • 参考答案：is measured by how much they can loan
大学英语四六级翻译策略精品PPT课件
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翻译精选词汇 五代时代 period of the Five Legendary Rulers 夏朝 Xia Dynasty 三国 Three Kingdoms 南北朝 Northern and Southern Dynasties 春秋战国时期 Spring and Autumn period and
翻译考点
• 1、专有名词、习惯用法及多义词的翻译
• 2、一般性翻译技巧: 包括词义选择，词序 调整，词性转换和增词法等等
• 3、具体句型(定从、状从、主从、宾从、表 从、同位从、强调结构、并列、比较、倒 装、插入、被动、否定等)
2020/10/19
中译英总体要求 • 先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切
2020/10/19
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历史词汇： 朝代篇
翻译精选词汇
旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age 新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age 母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society(Pa…) 奴隶社会-slave society 封建社会-feudal society 半封建半殖民社会- Semi-feudal half colonial society 资本主义社会--capitalist society 社会主义社会socialist society 共产主义社会--communist society
翻译精选词汇
2020/10/19
.翻译精选词汇
历史词汇： 人物篇 帝：emperor 皇后：empress 太后：empress dowager; dowager 慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi 末代皇帝： the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty 皇妃：imperial concubine 士大夫 scholar-officials 太监 court eunuch
大学英语四六级翻译讲座
精彩不断！！！
9. 百里挑一。 [误] one in a hundred [正] one in a thousand 注意：汉语用“百”，而英语则以十倍于百的 “thousand” 来夸张。同样，汉语的“十分感谢”或“万 分感谢”，英语则说“ a thousand thanks(千分感谢)”或 “thanks a million times”(百万次的感谢)。可见，英语比汉 语要夸张。这也许反映了两个民族不同的思维方式：中国 人崇尚中庸之道，凡事避免走极端，即使夸大其词也不太 过火；而英美人追求标新立异和充分考虑表现自我，这在 语言中自然也有体现。
人家不是故 意答错的，是真 的不懂嘛！
men's room/women's room/restroom/powder room
WC 或者toilet，这些是马桶和茅坑的说法， 假想一下，你对老外说，不好意思，请问 茅坑在哪里？你说话是不是过于洒脱，尺 度太大了？
再开眼界ing。。。
4. 还有些很过时的已经可以入土的说法，比 如真遗憾不要再用 it's a pity ，用that's too bad/it's a shame更流行些，还有裤子不要用 trousers了，而是pants/slacks/jeans。
6.一些公共场合的用语也是同学最不会翻译的 小心台阶”——“mind the steps”，不要翻成“pay attention to the steps” 7.我感到很痛 I feel great pain. 高兴 I am happy. 累了 I'm tired. 为什么“我感到很痛”不是 I am painful？因为 painful 表示“使 人痛苦的，让人疼痛或讨厌的”，它的主语往往不是人，而是 事物或人体的某个部位，如：The foot is painful(脚痛)，The lessons are painful(教训是惨痛的)等。所以没有 I am painful 这个 说法，如果你非要这样说，别人会以为你全身带电或浑身长刺， 别人碰了你就会疼，是你让别人痛苦，而不是你自己痛苦。
英汉双语四六级演讲稿范文
English VersionLadies and gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon. It is my great honor to stand before you today and share my thoughts on a topic that resonates deeply with us all: the power of unity in the face of challenges. In a world that is constantly changing and evolving, challenges are inevitable. However, it is our ability to come together and support one another that determines our success in overcoming these challenges.Firstly, let us consider the concept of unity itself. Unity is not merely about being in agreement with others; it is about coming together with a common goal and working towards it with a shared vision. It is about recognizing that we are all part of a larger community and that our actions have an impact on one another. When we are united, we can harness the collective power of our ideas, skills, and resources to achieve great things.In recent years, we have seen numerous examples of unity in the face of adversity. The COVID-19 pandemic is one such example. Across the globe, individuals, communities, and nations have come together to combat this unprecedented crisis. Healthcare workers have risked their lives to save others, volunteers have distributed food and supplies to those in need, and governments have implemented policies to protect their citizens. It is this spirit of unity that has allowed us to navigate through these difficult times.Furthermore, unity is essential in times of conflict and war. History has shown us that when people unite against a common enemy, they can achieve remarkable feats. The Allied Forces during World War II, for instance, came together to defeat the Axis powers. The success of this alliance was not just due to military strength, but also because of the shared values and determination of the participating nations.However, unity is not always easy to achieve. It requires patience, understanding, and sometimes compromise. We must be willing to listen to different perspectives and find common ground. It is through thisprocess that we can build strong and lasting relationships that transcend individual interests.In my own country, we have faced numerous challenges, from natural disasters to economic downturns. Yet, it is during these times that we have seen the true power of unity. When a typhoon hits, neighbors help neighbors rebuild their homes. When a factory closes, the community comes together to support the affected workers. These acts of solidarity demonstrate that we are stronger together than we are alone.Moving forward, I believe that there are several key factors that contribute to unity:1. Education: By promoting education, we can foster understanding and empathy among people. When we learn about different cultures and perspectives, we are more likely to appreciate and respect one another.2. Communication: Open and honest communication is essential forbuilding trust and fostering unity. We must be willing to listen to others and share our own thoughts and feelings.3. Leadership: Strong and visionary leaders can inspire others to come together and work towards a common goal. They can provide guidance and direction during times of crisis.4. Inclusivity: Unity thrives in an inclusive environment where everyone feels valued and respected. We must ensure that no one is left behind and that everyone has a voice.In conclusion, the power of unity in the face of challenges cannot be overstated. It is through unity that we can overcome adversity, achieve great things, and build a better future for all. Let us continue to work together, support one another, and harness the power of unity to create a world where we can all thrive.Thank you.Chinese Version尊敬的女士们、先生们，大家好。
四六级汉译英课件(学生版2版)
四级汉英翻译的几种常用技巧（一）常用的翻译技巧1. 增译2. 减译（省译）3. 重复4. 转译5. 语序（词序/句序）调整（倒置）6. 拆句与合并7. 正说反译, 反说正译8. 语态变换1. 增译1). 没有调查研究就没有发言权。
2). 子曰: “学而不思则罔, 思而不学则殆。
”3). 虚心使人进步, 骄傲使人落后。
4). 交出翻译之前, 必须读几遍, 看看有没有要修改的地方. 这样你才能把工作做好。
2. 减译（省译）1). 我们要培养分析问题、解决问题的能力。
2). 郭沫若同志曾说: “中国人历来是勇于探索、勇于创造、勇于革命的。
”3). 他们为国家做的事, 比我们所做的多得多。
3. 重复1). 大(家庭)有大(家庭)的难处。
2). 这种人闹什么东西呢?闹名誉,闹地位,闹出风头。
4. 转译1). 一定要少说空话,多做工作。
2). 徐悲鸿画马画得特别好。
3). 我们学院受教委和市政府的双重领导。
4). 由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。
5). 林则徐认为, 要成功地禁止鸦片买卖, 就得首先把鸦片焚毁。
练习1)、不努力，不会成功。
2)、知己知彼，百战不殆3)、凡是在科学技术上有建树者，都是工作最勤奋，并且勇于创新的人。
4)、谁都知道朝鲜战场是相当艰苦的。
5)、我们的革命和建设，成绩是主要的，缺点错误也有。
6)、我们要忠于党、忠于人民、忠于祖国。
7)、学习英语的方法和学习游泳的方法一样，必须把实践放在第一位。
8)、讨论的范围涉及中美关系，中俄关系。
9)、我们必须坚持社会主义道路，坚持人民民主专政，坚持共产党的领导，坚持马列主义、毛泽东思想。
10)、依法严厉打击各种犯罪活动，坚决扫除黄赌毒等社会丑恶现象。
11)、学生们都应该德、智、体全面发展。
5. 语序（词序/句序）调整（倒置）1) 发生了这样的事不是你的错。
2) 她，一个瘦弱多病的女孩子，以她坚强的毅力写出了一部催人奋进的小说。
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四六级翻译分类整合四六级翻译真题整合经济类1.中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。
构成现在世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。
中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并经历着一次新的工业革命。
中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其实包括到2020年建成一个太空站。
目前，中国是世界上最大的出口国之一，并正在吸引大量外国投资。
同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。
2011年，中国超越日本成为第二大经济体。
China is one of the world’s oldest civilizations. Many elements which formed the basis of the modern world originated from China. Now, China has the world’s fastest growing economy, experiencing a new industrial revolution. It also has launched an ambitious space exploration plan, including building a space station by 2020. At present, as one of the world’s largest exporters, China is attracting a large number of foreign investments. At the same time, it has invested billions of dollars abroad as well. In 2011, China overtook Japan becoming the second largest economy in the world.2.据报道，今年中国快递服务(courier service)将递送大约120亿件包裹。
这将使中国有可能赶超美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。
大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。
中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会，仅在11月11日，中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台买了价值90亿美元的商品。
中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。
因此，快递能在中国扩展就不足为奇了。
It is reported that China’s courier service will deliver about 12 billion parcels this year. This will make it possible for China to overtake the United States becoming the world’s largest express market. Most parcels are packed with items ordered online. In China, there are opportunities for millions of online retailers to sell their products at competitive prices. Only on the day of November 11th, Chinese consumers have bought $9 billion worth of commodities on the nation’s largest shopping platform alone. China has many such special shopping days, so it is no wonder that courier service in China have expanded.3.中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%，该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的。
2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。
到2012年10月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。
随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到最低程度。
换句话说，核能是可以完全开发和利用的。
China should take a further step to develop nuclear energy, because nuclear power currently accounts for only 2% of the total generating capacity. The proportion ranks 30th among all nuclear-capable countries, which almost the lowest.After the accident of Japanese nuclear power station in March 2011, China stopped its nuclear energy development, with approvals for new nuclear power plants suspended.National nuclear safety inspection was carried out. It was not until October, 2012 that examination and approval has been restored carefullyWith the improvement of technology and safety measures, the possibility of nuclear accidents can be dropped to a minimum extent. In other words, the nuclear energy can be exploited and utilized safely.4.深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。
在改革开放之前，深圳不过是一个渔村，仅有三万多人。
20世纪80年代，中国政府创建了深圳经济特区，作为实施社会主义市场经济的试验田。
如今，深圳的人口已超过1,000万，整个城市发生了巨大的变化。
到2014年，深圳的人均（per-capita）GDP已达25,000美元，相当于世界上一些发达国家的水平。
就综合经济实力而言，深圳居于中国顶尖城市之列。
由于其独特的地位，深圳也是国内外企业家创业的理想之地。
Shenzhen is a newly-developed city in Guangdong province, China. Before the implementation of reform and opening-up policy, it was no more than a fishing village only with a population of over 30 thousand. In the 1980s, Chinese government established Shenzhen Special Economic Zone as the experimental plot for the implementation of socialist market economy. Currently, the whole city has undergone tremendous changes, the population of which has exceeded 10 million.By 2014, the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has reached 25 thousand dollars, equivalent to that of some developed countries in the world. As for its overall economic power, Shenzhen is listed among the top cities in China. Due to its unique status, it is also an ideal place for the entrepreneurs at home and abroad to start up their business.5.自从1978年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。
年均10%的GDP增长已使五亿多人脱贫。
联合国的“千年（millennium）发展目标”在中国均已达到或即将达到。
目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。
政府已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到教育和医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。
中国现在7%的经济年增长目标表明政府是在重视生活质量而不是增长速度。
Since the reform was launched in 1978, China has transformed from a planned economy into a market-based economy, experiencing rapid economic and social development. GDP growth rate has reached 10% annually which has made more than five hundred million people out of poverty. The “Millennium D evelopment Goals” of the United Nations has been fulfilled or are about to be achieved in China. At present, the 12th five-year plan in China emphasizes the development of service industry and solutions to environmental and social imbalance. The government has set up a goal to reduce pollution, improve energy efficiency，enhance the chance to education and health care, and enlarge the social insurance. 7% of annual economic growth target in China shows that the government attaches great importance to the quality of life rather than the growth rate.6.在帮助国际社会于2030年前消除极端贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重要的角色。