高中英语句子结构分析
(完整版)高中英语句子成分分析大全

英语句子成分解析大全一个句子最少由两部分构成,即主语和谓语,它们是句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语(包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语),表语,定语(包括前置定语及后置定语),状语,同位语(包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语),补语及呼语。
一.主语:是一句话的中心,整句话都谈它的情况。
如:They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
) Time flies. (岁月飞逝。
)这两句话中分别由代词 They ,名词 Time 作主语。
二.谓语:是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为也许状态。
谓语必定由动词或动词短语充当,因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词,不能够作谓语。
且谓语动词能够表现时态,单复数的语法现象。
如:They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
) He enjoys singing songs. (他喜欢唱歌。
)这两句话分别由动词 were (are 的过去式),enjoys singing (enjoy doing 动词短语)作谓语。
其中 were 表现出句子的时态为过去时态,且主语的人称为第一人称, enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时,且主语的人称为第三人称。
三.宾语:表示动作的承受者。
宾语放在及物动词也许介词此后。
如: I play with him. (我和他玩。
) I like Chinese food. (我喜欢中国菜。
)这两句话中分别由人称代词 him ,名词 food 作宾语。
直接宾语与间接宾语:有的动词能够接双宾语,直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物 ,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。
如:He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书)这句话中 a book 为直接宾语, me 为间接宾语。
又如: My mother bought a schoolbag to me.( 我妈妈买了一个书包给我。
)这句话中 schoolbag 为直接宾语, me 为间接宾语。
1.高中英语语法通霸句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语

高中英语语法通霸1. 句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语定语英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。
但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上.同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分.考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号英语中划分句子成分的符号主语在下面画直线谓语在下面画曲线宾语在下面画双横线定语在下面画虚线(一行点使我们想到一排钉子,“钉”谐音为“定语”的“定”)状语下面为短横线(短横线使我们想到短木桩,木桩撞(状)钟)补语上一短横,下一短横(下一短横好像是为了弥补上面短横间的空隙)同位语上下双曲线(都有曲折,上下位置基本相同)考点1.主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当.可以作主语的词性或语法结构:1. 名词2。
代词 3. 数词4。
不定式 5. 动名词 6. 主语从句等表示。
7。
名词化的形容词(如the rich)在英语中,形容词、副词和介词短语是不能作主语的。
如果它们在句首时,句子可能是倒装句,真正的主语在后面。
On the desk are some books。
(主语是books,所以用are)Down jumps the boy。
(主语是the boy,所以用jumps )Gone are the days. (主语是the days,所以用are)练习1.在下面句子的主语下面画横线,并说出由什么充当.1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class。
3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure。
【句子结构】高中英语句子成分分析(简单句与复合句)

高中英语句子成分分析(简单句与复合句)简单句概述:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)即只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。
也就是说,各个句子成分均由单词或短语充当的句子叫简单句。
如:More and more Chinese people are learning English now.现在越来越多的中国人在学英语。
My father and mother go to work at7am and come back home at 6pm.我的父亲和母亲每天早上七点去上班,下午六点才回家。
六种基本句子结构句子的基本结构有下列六种:1).主语+系动词+表语如:All the students are on the playground.The problem is who can really repair the machine.问题是谁能真正修理这台机器。
2).There be句型(又叫存在句)(可用不同的时态和情态动词)如:There have been major changes in advertising in the past sixty years.在过去六十年里,广告有过一些重大的变化。
There must have been great achievements made.Otherwise they wouldn’t have been so pleased.他们一定取得了巨大的成就,要不然他们不会这么高兴的。
If there were no examinations,we should have a much happier time at school.如果没有考试,我们在学校读书会更为快乐。
3).主语+谓语(不及物动词)如:We work hard at English.我们努力学习英语。
He doesn’t work here any longer.他已不在这儿工作了。
高中英语高考英语句子结构分析(共35张PPT)

并列句的分类
1、表示连接两个同等概念,常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。 e.g. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
2、表示选择,常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 e.g. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
He worked hard all his life. (划线部分在 句中作状语,修饰动词worked)
He is a school student in No. 1 Middle School. (划线部分在句中作定语,修饰名 词student)
2) 并列句: 句型:简单句+并列连词+简单句
exam. 6) I like some of you very much. 7)If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 8)He goes to school by bike. 9)Though he is young, he can do it well.
位置 呢?
6、状语:它是修饰动词、形容词、副
词或全句用的。
1) I will go there tomorrow.
2) The meeting will be held in the meeting room. 3)The meat went bad because of the hot
weather. 4)He studies hard to learn English well. 5)He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the
高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)

Grammar of Unit 1Different parts of a sentence概念句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。
组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。
句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。
其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。
▲句子成分分类1.主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。
大多数主语都在句首。
如:讲述“谁”We work in a big factory.讲述“什么”The classroom is very big.数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job.从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物.▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。
如:There are some bottles of milk in the box.▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。
如:It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”.It took two workers about three months to build the house.2.谓语谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。
如:He is very generous. She looks very smart and coolWe have finished the job. He can speak German.3.表语表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。
高中英语语法句子结构分析

•
I don’t spend extra so that I can save money.(目的状语)
•
He tried so hard that he finally succeeded.(结果状语从句)
•
Although he is very old, he is quite strong.(让步状语从句)
• 二、例句
• Jack smiles happily.副词修饰动词,放在动词后
• He quickly understand.副词修饰动词,放在动词前
• She is very beautiful.副词修饰形容词
• He is pretty tall.副词修饰形容词
复合句——状语从句
• 三、例句
• 3.主(名词)系(3种)表(名词,形容词,不定式,介宾)
•
系动词:1.Be 动词: am is are was were
•
2.感官动词(五官):look sound smell taste feel
•
3.变化动词:become turn go get grow stay remain keep
• 4.主(名)谓(及物动词)宾(名)宾(名):I give you money.
状语(adverbial)
• 状语是描述谓语动词作用状态的句子成分,所描述的状态可以是: 时间,地点,原因,程度,让步,伴随等。状语一般是副词,副 词词组或者从句。
I ran a marathon yesterday.(时间) He lives in downtown.(地点) He waited because of the rain.(原因) She often goes to the gym.(频繁程度) He spoke to him with smile.(伴随) Though confident, he lost the game.(让步) I am reading a fascinating book with kindle.(方式)
专题二 高中英语语法句子结构成分分析报告主语谓语宾语定语状语补语

高中英语语法1. 句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语定语英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。
但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。
同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。
考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号英语中划分句子成分的符号主语在下面画直线谓语在下面画曲线宾语在下面画双横线定语在下面画虚线(一行点使我们想到一排钉子,“钉”谐音为“定语”的“定”)状语下面为短横线(短横线使我们想到短木桩,木桩撞(状)钟)补语上一短横,下一短横(下一短横好像是为了弥补上面短横间的空隙)同位语上下双曲线(都有曲折,上下位置基本相同)考点1.主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。
可以作主语的词性或语法结构:1. 名词2. 代词3. 数词4. 不定式5. 动名词6. 主语从句等表示。
7. 名词化的形容词(如the rich)在英语中,形容词、副词和介词短语是不能作主语的。
如果它们在句首时,句子可能是倒装句,真正的主语在后面。
On the desk are some books. (主语是books,所以用are)Down jumps the boy. (主语是the boy,所以用jumps )Gone are the days. (主语是the days,所以用are)练习1.在下面句子的主语下面画横线,并说出由什么充当。
1.During the 1990s, American country musichas become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in this class aregirls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health.6.The rich should help the poor.7.When we are going to have English test hasnot been decided.8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.9.That he isn’t at home is not true.10.There comes the bus.11.Beyond the village lies a small village.12.Now comes your turn.考点2.谓语谓语由动词充当,说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)

Grammar of Unit 1Different parts of a sentence概念句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。
组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。
句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。
其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。
▲句子成分分类1.主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。
大多数主语都在句首。
如:讲述“谁”We work in a big factory.讲述“什么”The classroom is very big.数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job.从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物.▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。
如:There are some bottles of milk in the box.▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。
如:It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”.It took two workers about three months to build the house.2.谓语谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。
如:He is very generous. She looks very smart and coolWe have finished the job. He can speak German.3.表语表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。
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第一讲英语句子结构分析句子的划分I. 根据结构划分:①简单句S+V(主+谓)S+V+P(主+谓+表)S+V+O(主+谓+宾)S+V+o+O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)②并列句and, but, or③复合句:名词从句(宾,主,表,同)副词从句(状语从句)形容词从句(定语从句)II. 根据功能划分:陈述句疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反义疑问句,修辞疑问句)祈使句感叹句III. 根据句子成分:单个词汇短语从句一.陈述句(五种句型)1.I am a webaholic.我是一个网虫。
Chatting on the internet is interesting. 我喜欢网上聊天。
2.Internet dating hurts.网恋有害。
3.I like chatting online.我喜欢网上聊天。
4.Chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun.网上聊天给我带来很多乐趣。
5.We can call internet addicts a webaholic.我们管网上一隐君子叫网虫。
I. 常用作连系动词:①变成,变得:become, come, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn口诀:好是come,坏是go;天气、外貌慢慢grow; 流水、金钱缓缓run;颜色、天气大不同turn;Get\ become口语化,如果要说就用它.口诀解读:如:Dreams come true. 梦想成真。
如:It's such a hot day today that this dish has gone smelly. 今天太热了,菜都馊了。
化的静态形容词。
如:I want to grow old with you. 我想和你一起慢慢变老。
如:Still water runs deep.静水深流。
如:The weather suddenly turned hot.天气突然变热了。
In spring the trees turn green, the flowers come out. 春天树变绿了,花开了。
Get\become在口语表达时用得比较多,但这二者相比,become相对正式些,其主语既可以是人也可以是物。
如:He got angry on hearing the news.听到这个消息,他变得很生气。
总之,不管英语多么“变”化多端,万“变”不离其宗。
英语学习的终极目标还是为了与人交流,所以多在交流中使用这些“变化”词,才能真正掌握其内涵。
系词be它有三,am is are ,我(I)用am,you(你)用are,is 用于他她它;单数is,复数are,认真做题不出差。
(否句be后not加,疑问句,be句首,句尾?不要丢。
)②保持某种状态:Continue, keep, lie, remain, stand, stay.③看起来,好像:Appear, look, seem.④感官动词:Feel, smell, sound, taste.II. 代双宾语的动词````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````“七给”一“带”to不少,“买”画“制作”for来了。
带双宾语的及物动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前,必须在变换时“to”或“for”。
这11个及物动词可以概括为下边两句话,读起来妙趣横生,效果很好1、“七给”(give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand)和“带”(bring)8个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。
即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.”如:He lent some money to me.类似动词的还有:get,mail,offer,owe(借),pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach等2、“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”。
如:Mother bought a new dress for me。
类似的动词还有:build,choose, cook, cut, do, find, fix,leave,order(订购),reach等。
3、当直接宾语是代词时,间接宾语for和to于直接宾语之后如:Richard made it for him。
理查德为他做的这个东西Give it to me。
把它给我4、有些动词后可单独用直接宾语、间接宾语或双宾语,如ask,teach,tell,owe,pay.I asked John. 我问约翰I asked a question. 我问了一个问题I asked John a question.我问了约翰一个问题5、 suggest,explain,introduce,mention,deliver,announce等动词后必须跟介词to,不能进行直接宾语与间接宾语的转换。
Could you explain your point of view to us?=Could you explain to us your point of view?6、易错的动词抢劫/偷某人某物:Rob/steal sb. sth (错误)正确的说法:rob sb of sth steal sb from sth.类似的还有:cure sb of illness 治愈某人疾病rid sb of sth 从----中除去(不好的东西)supply sb with sth 供给某人某物provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事cheat sb of sth 骗取某人某物inform / advise sb of sth 通知某人某事remind sb of sth 是某人想起某事warn sb of sth 警告某人某情况charge sb with sth 指责某人某事二.疑问句1.一般疑问句Is this seat taken?Yes, it is/ No, it isn’t.需要用yes或no来回答。
语序一般为:助动词+主语+谓语?Practice:Have you been there?_______________________Didn’t you tell him about it yesterday?_________________2.特殊疑问句你什么时候开始学英语?When……You began to study English.» Did you begin to study English?»»when did you begin to study English?你在想什么?What……Something is in your mind.»What’s in your mind?小结:①用who, what, where, which, when, why, how提问。
②语序:疑问词+一般疑问句或疑问词+谓语动词。
More Practice:What time is convenient for you?你什么时候方便?What’s going on here?发生了什么事?/回事?3. 选择疑问句:Do you like tea or(do you like)coffee?Did you speak to them, or did the manager?Which ice cream would you like, chocolate, vanilla or strawberry?1.提供两种或两种以上情形供对方选择。
2.不用Yes或no来回答。
3.反意疑问句1.附在陈述句之后,对陈述句所说得事实和观点提出疑问。
2.一般来说有两种形式:陈述肯定,则所附问句否定;陈述句否定,则所附问句肯定。
The Embarrassed Magician.Magician ( to youngster he has called up on the stage):Now, my boy, you have never seen me before, have you?Boy: No Daddy.You have completed that job, haven’t you?You have not completed that job, have you?三.祈使句:1.用以表示请求,命令,劝告,建议等语气的句子。
2.主语You 常省略,只以动词原形开头。
3.一般没有时态变化,不与情态动词连用。
Stop bugging me.Don’t judge a book by its cover.Don’t get me wrong.Let’s just have a rest.Let’s hope for the best.Let bygones be bygonesMake hay while sun shines.四.感叹句:1.主要由what和how来引导。
2.What 结构主要有三种A.What a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数+谓语部分!What a lovely boy he is!B. What + 形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+谓语部分!What foolish mistakes you have made.What nice weather (it is)!C. What + a(n) +可数名词单数!3. How 结构主要有三种:A. How+形容词/副词+主谓部分How lovely the boy is!How fast the time flies!B. How +形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数+主谓部分How lovely a boy he is!C. How+主谓部分(实义动词做谓语)How I hate exam! 我真烦考试!How he snores! 他鼾声如雷!(二) practice1.分析下文划线句子的成分Two men were standing at a bar. One man turned to the other and said, “I’ll bet you $ 100 that I can bite my left eye.” The wager(赌注)was accepted, and the man popped out his glass eye and bit it.“Now,” he said, ”I will give you a chance to win your money back.I’ll bet you another $100 that I can bite my right eye.” “he can’t have two glass eyes,”Thought the other man, and he plunked(重重甩下)down his money.Then the first man took out his false teeth and bit his right eye. 2.分析下列句子成分,并判断句子结构类型。