八上目标检测答案正
人教新目标八年级上册英语Unit4检测试题及答案
人教新目标八年级上册英语Unit4检测试题及答案处在八年级的你，到了英语单元考试还不知道怎样复习的吗?是这样的话，那不妨和店铺一起来做份人教新目标八年级上册英语Unit 4检测试题，来热热身，希望对各位有帮助!人教新目标八年级上册英语Unit 4检测试题一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. I often go to the movie t to watch movies on weekends.2. The park is very c to my home, so my parents often take a walk there after supper.3. The (屏幕)of the computer is too bright. It’s bad for your eyes.4. The air in the mountains is (清新的)and clean.5. —Which coat would you like to (挑选), the red one or the yellow one?—Neither. I don’t like the style.6. Mo Yan won the 2012 Nobel P in Literature(文学).7. It’s true that parents play an important r in children’s lives.8. He doesn’t have any money. He is p.9. Can you give me an (范例)of how to improve speaking skills?10. There are too many people in the subway. It’s really (拥挤的).二、单项填空11. He got up than his sister did.A. earlyB. earlierC. lateD. last12. The party was a great . We all had a good time.A. dreamB. successC. problemD. competition13. —How does your father go to work?—On foot. Our house is his office.A. far fromB. different fromC. the same asD. close to14. You are now, T om. So you should wash your clothes by yourself.A. young enoughB. enough oldC. old enoughD. enough young15. It’s lucky of you to buy the same ticket at a price.A. higherB. lowerC. more expensiveD. cheaper16. He wrote the new word many times, but he couldn’t remember it.A. everB. neverC. stillD. yet17. —What bad weather!—Yes. The radio says it will be even later on.A. badB. badlyC. worseD. worst18. In our class, Jenny is the . She always makes everybody laugh.A. tallestB. youngestC. quietestD. funniest19. Can you finish the work with money and people?A. fewer; fewerB. less; lessC. fewer; lessD. less; fewer20. Could I ask you questions your service?A. some; aboutB. any; aboutC. any; onD. some; with三、完形填空My parents took me to Japan when I was little. I lived there for five y ears. 21 I came back, my Japanese was very good. “Can I do something useful with my Japanese?” I asked myself.Then, one day last spring, I got a good opportunity(机会).Everyone was afraid of SARS, so I stayed at home with 22 to do.My father brought me a J apanese book. “Why don’t youtranslate(翻译) it into Chinese? It will be better than 23 computer games all day.”I promised (许诺) to do 2,000 words each day. But 24 I found it was hard to keep the promise.One day in May, the weather was beautiful. But I couldn’t go out. Those 2,000 words were still 25 me.After translating only three pages, I already lost interest in the book.I looked at it for a long time. But I couldn’t make myself turn the pages. How I 26 I could just go outside and play football with my friends!I counted the words again and again. I just wanted to give up.I felt as if two people were fighting 27 my mind. One said, “Don’t give up! Keep working hard, and you’ll do well!” But then the other one said, “Go and play! It will be more 28 th an translating. Do your work tomorrow. ”I stood up and would 29 the computer.But then I remembered 30 my parents had told me, “Whatever you do, don’t stop halfway.” So I sat down and went on with it.21. A. Because B. Until C. Since D. When22. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything23. A. be played B. playing C. played D. plays24. A. just then B. right now C. soon D. suddenly25. A. talking to B. looking at C. smiling at D. waiting for26. A. thought B. felt C. wished D. decided27. A. in B. with C. about D. for28. A. fun B. important C. useful D. dangerous29. A. turn on B. turn off C. open D. close30. A. how B. where C. which D. what四、阅读理解AJune came and the hottest month of the year began. A lot of travelers came to the city by the sea. All of the hotels were full except Mr. Johnson’s. The prices of all the rooms were the lowest in the city but few people stayed there. The fire(火灾)broke out three times in a year and four travelers died in the accidents. Most workers left there and found jobs in the other hotels. Mr. Johnson had to do most work himself.It was eleven o’clock. Most rooms were still empty. Mr. Johnson worked for the whole day and was very tired. He went to close the gate when a young man came in, with a big bag in his hand.“What can I do for you, sir?” asked Mr. Johnson.“The cheapest room in your hotel.”“OK,” said Mr. Johnson, “but it’s on the top floor.”“It doesn’t matter. I think you have a lift in your hotel.”“Of course, sir,” said the manager. “It’ll take you right t here. By the way, may I keep your bag for you?”“No, thanks. There’s nothing expensive in it but a long rope.”“Oh? What do you bring it with you for?”“I’m afraid another fire will happen in your hotel. If it does, I’ll throw the rope out of the window so that I’ll be able to escape from(逃脱)it.”“Yes?” Mr. Johnson said in surprise. “So you have to pay for the bill before you go to your room.”31. Most workers left the hotel because ______.A. Mr. Johnson paid them lessB. it was dangerous to work for Mr. JohnsonC. some travelers stayed thereD. it was too hot there in summer32. ______, so most rooms were empty.A. The travelers preferred to stay outsideB. The travelers went out for supperC. A few travelers died in Mr. Johnson’s hotelD. Mr. Johnson was bad to the travelers33. The young man went in the hotel to ______.A. put his bag thereB. look for somethingC. talk to Mr. JohnsonD. stay for night34. The young man took a long rope with him so that ______.A. he could easily leave the hotel if it was on fireB. he could pay nothing for the roomC. he could go to work early the next morningD. he could hold something35. Mr. Johnson asked the young man to pay because he was afraid ______.A. the young man could hurt himB. the young man could take something awayC. the young man could leave without paying any moneyD. his hotel would be on fire againBThe old name for films was “moving pictures”. In America they still call them “movies” and they say “Shall we go to the movies?” when we say “Shall we go to the cinema?”A boy once said to his friend, “Do you like moving pictures?” His friend thought that he was going to invite him to go to the cinema, so he said, “Yes, please. I like moving pictures very much.”“Good,” said the boy, “my father has a pictu re shop. He sells pictures. This evening I must move pictures from one room to another. You like moving pictures, so I think you will enjoy moving pictures for me.”根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)( )36. In old times people called films “moving pictures”.( )37. When they ask their friends to go to see a film with them, the American people will say, “Shall we go to the cinema?”( )38. Once a boy asked his friend to move some heavy boxes of pictures from one room to another for him.( )39. His friend liked pictures very much.( )40. His friend didn’t understand him when he asked, “Do you like moving pictures?”五、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空(每小题1分，满分5分)41. Let’s go to Danny’s. The food there is (cheap) than any other place in town.42. The radio station Oldies 102.1FM is pretty bad. It’s (bad) than All Talk 970AM.43. He is (quiet) boy in my class. He almost never talks.44. My dog is (friendly ) than yours.45. The (love) girl is planning to go shopping.46. Linda is the (win)of the English speech contest.47. I think Li Yundi is a (talent)piano player.48. Lots of (perform)from different places around China took part in the talent show.49. There are all (kind)of vegetables and fruit in the shop.50. I can hear birds singing(beautiful)while walking through the park.六、书面表达育才中学八年级(3)班的同学对学校周围的三家饭店做了调查，以下是他们的调查结果。
八年级英语上学期目标教学检测题含答案
八年级英语上学期目标教学检测题Unit 2 Topic 3（检测时间：45分钟满分100分）Class: Name: Marks:I．用所给词的适当形式填空。
（10 分）1. Children, help (you) to the fish.2. He answered the question (easy).3. You shouldn’t go to (crowd ) places.4. We should do our (good) to fight SARS.5. My mother is always busy (do) some housework.II.单项选择。
（15分）( ) 1. Kangkang taught on the Internet.A. himB. himselfC. hisD. he( ) 2. I hate milk.A. drinkB. drinksC. drinkingD. drank ( ) 3. I two hours in cooking the dinner last night.A. paidB. spentC. tookD. cost ( ) 4. I about it you told me.A. knows, untilB. didn’t know, untilC. didn’t know, afterD. knew, after( ) 5. —I’m sure I’ve got a bad cold.—Take the medicine, and you’ll feel .A. healthyB. wellC. bestD. much better ( ) 6. She had to change her mind, she?A. didB. didn’tC. hadn’tD. hasn’t ( ) 7. I have to buy the flowers my mother.A. enough money, atB. money enough, inC. enough money, forD. money enough, to( ) 8. —do you clean the classroom?— Three times a day.A. How longB. How oftenC. How soonD. how many ( ) 9. This kind of diseases spreads easily______ people.A. nearB. betweenC. amongD. in( ) 10. We should take ______ active part in the battle to stop the germs.A. aB. anC. theD. /III.完形填空。
八年级英语上学期目标教学检测题第一卷附答案
八年级英语上学期目标教学检测题（1）Unit 1 Topic 1（检测时间：45分钟满分100分）Class: Name: Marks:Ⅰ.单项选择。
(15分)( ) 1. —Would you like us?—I’d like to.A. to joinsB. to joinC. to take part inD. take part in ( ) 2. How much does he on the new computer?A. payB. spendC. takeD. cost ( ) 3. Mike prefers to .A. to swim; skatingB. swimming; skatingC. to swim; skateD. swimming; skate( ) 4. I see him basketball almost every day.A. playsB. to playC. playD. playing ( ) 5. —do you play sports?— Three times a week.A. How longB. How soonC. How oftenD. How many ( ) 6. Ann spends one hour in the gym every day.A. at leastB. at lastC. for leastD. for last ( ) 7. Tom Japan for a summer holiday.A. leaveB. will leaveC. is leaving forD. left for ( ) 8. Yao Ming is playing basketball the Houston Rockets the NBA.A. in; inB. in; forC. for; forD. for; in ( ) 9. What can you see in the sky?A. elseB. othersC. anythingD. something ( ) 10. The police stayed at home only yesterday.A. half a hourB. half hourC. a half hourD. half an hour ( ) 11. I really enjoy friends with you.A. to makeB. madeC. makingD. to making ( ) 12. I arrived home at 11 o’clock last night.A. toB. atC. inD. /( ) 13. There an English movie tomorrow.A. will haveB. is going to beC. is going to haveD. will has ( ) 14. Doing exercise can us healthy.A. makesB. to makeC. makingD. make( ) 15. Kangkang is good running. He thinks it is good his health.A. for; atB. at; forC. at; toD. for; toⅡ.根据句意及首字母提示，补全单词。
人教版新目标八年级英语上册Unit5检测题及答案(精修版)
人教版英语精品资料（精修版）新目标英语八上Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show单元重点短语（包括词汇表中的短语、话题及文本中常用短语）英语汉语英语汉语want to do sth.想做……mind doing sth. 介意做某事hope to do sth.希望做……can’t stand doing sth. 不能忍受做某事expect to do sth.期待做……find out 找出，查明plan to do sth.计划做……think of 认为，想起join sb（in sth.）参加某人的……dress up 打扮talk show脱口秀do a good job 干得好soap opera肥皂剧play Mulan’s role well 扮演木兰演得好scary movie恐怖电影see something enjoyable 看令人高兴的东西action movie动作电影have a discussion aboutTV shows 对电视节目进行讨论come out出版，发行，（花）开，（太阳等）出来take her father’s place tofight in the army代替父亲的位置去参军打仗be ready to do something 愿意迅速做某事，准备做某事show her love for herfamily, friends andcountry向家人，朋友和国家显示了她的爱try one’s best to do something 尽最大努力做…… a great way to relax 一个放松的好方法a symbol of Chineseculture中国文化的象征be famous for 因为……而出名another cartoon character 另一个卡通形象in the 1930s 在二十世纪三十年代one of the mainreasons最主要的原因之一over 80 years ago 80多年前first appear in the cartoon 第一次出现在卡通中most of the movies onright now大多数正在上演的电影the first cartoon with sound and music 第一部有声配乐卡通the black mouse withtwo large round ears这只有着大而圆的耳朵的黑老鼠one very famous symbol in American culture 美国文化中一个非常著名的象征became very rich andsuccessful变得富裕而成功单元重点句子（8—10句。
新目标八年级英语上册1-5单元基础测试题附答案
新目标八年级上英语1-5单元检测（100分）一、单项选择（15分）（）1.—How often does your sister surf the internet?—About .A. three timeB. three timesC. three time every dayD. three times a day（）2. —When is your father going to Hong Kong?—He is going there July 28th.A. onB. atC. inD. to（）3. Thank you for me find my little cat yesterday.A. helpB. helpsC. helpedD. helping（）4.Are you good at ?A. swimB. swimmingC. to swimD. swam（）5. —Could I please use your computer?—.A. Yes, I can.B. Yes, you can’tC. Sorry, you can’tD. No, I can’t.（）6. —does it take you to watch TV?—About forty minutes.A. How longB. How muchC. How oftenD. How many（）7. I am very because I don’t like exercise.A. healthB. healthyC. healthilyD. unhealthy（）8. Judy a stomachache, so she eat anything for twenty-four hours.A. has; shouldB. have; shouldC. has; shouldn’tD. have; shouldn’t（）9. My friend likes singing and talking with others. But I often stay at home to watch TV. So my friend is than me.A. seriouserB. more seriousC. calmerD. more outgoing（）10. —How does he get to work? —He a bike.—How long does it him to get from home to the office?—It him 20 minutes.A. rides; takes; takesB. rides; take; takesC. ride; takes; takesD. ride; take; takes（）11. Does Babara go to work bus or foot?A. to; byB. with; onC. by; onD. on; on（）12. My birthday is in .A. TuesdayB. AprilC. March 3rdD. Monday（）13. —are you staying in Ottawa? —For two weeks.A. How longB. How manyC. How oftenD. How much（）14. I’m short, so I want to be .A. heavierB. largerC. tallerD. bigger（）15. When it rains, I a taxi.A. takeB. rideC. byD. sit二、完形填空（15分）：Some people in Britain or America like to _1___ friends to dinner at home . But this is more common in America than in Britain .Don’t worry ___2__your English friends don’t invite you home .It doesn’t mean that they ___3_ you.When you are invited to dinner ,__4__ your friends what time you should ___5__. It is a good idea to ___6_ a small present when you arrive ,and it is __7__ to say how much you like the house ,___8___ the room ,or the pictures in the room .But don’t ask ___9__these things are .In this way both you and your friends __10__ have a good time .（）1.A. see B. have C. invite D. make（）2. A. what B where C.who D. if（）3. A. don’t like B unlikes C. like D. dones’t like（）4. A. know B ask C. call D.learn（）5. A. arrive at B get to C. arrive D. arrive in（）6. A. show B take C. buy D. lend（）7. A. friendly B worried C.sad D. afraid（）8. A. or B and C. but D. so（）9. A. how many B how much C. how long D. how far（）10. A. won’t B will C. should D. should’t三、阅读理解（15分，）：A、B篇要求阅读短文选择正确答案(A) 篇Bruno was a boy of eight. His father worked in a cinema and his mother worked in a shop. He lived not far from his school. He always walked there and walked home. On his way to school, he had to pass a playground. It was very wet after it rained. One day, when he got home, his clothes were all wet. His mother became angry(生气的)and said, “Don’t play in the water on your way home from school!”On the next day Bruno came home with wet and dirty(脏的)clothes. His mother became even angrier. “I’ll tell your father if you come back wet again,” said his mother. “He’ll punish(惩罚)You, you know.”The third day the little boy was dry when he came home.“You’re a good boy today”, his mother said happily. “You didn’t play in the water.”“No,” the boy said unhappily. “There were too many older boys in the water when I got there this afternoon. There wasn’t any room(空地方)for me at all!”根据文章内容选择正确答案（）1.Bruno went to school every day.A. by bikeB. by busC. by carD. on foot（）2.The playground was between(在……之间) 。
八年级英语上学期目标教学检测题五卷附答案
八年级英语上学期目标教学检测题（5）Unit 2 Topic 2（检测时间：45分钟满分100分）Class: Name: Marks:I.用所给词的适当形式填空。
（10分）1．(stay) up late is bad for your health.2．I read an article about (smoke) in Ren’ai English Post.3．My father should give up (drink) coffee at night.4．Don’t (throw) litter about.5．The baby is keeping (cry), can you stop him?II.单项选择。
（15分）( ) 1. The little boy is to go to school.A. big enoughB. old enoughC. enough bigD. enough old( ) 2. The good news made me .A. happyB. happilyC. to be happyD. to be happily( ) 3. I must ask my father to give up .A. smokeB. to smokeC. smokesD. smoking( ) 4. Going to school breakfast is bad your health.A. with, forB. without, forC. with, atD. without, at( ) 5. Please put on your coat. It will keep you .A. be warmlyB. be warmC. warmlyD. warm( ) 6. — May I watch TV after dinner, mom?— No, you . But you finish your homework first.A. mustn’t, canB. must, can’tC. can’t, mustD. can’t, mustn’t( ) 7. we know, food gives us energy.A. OfB. ForC. LikeD. As( ) 8. is important us to learn English well.A. This, forB. It, forC. That, toD. We, to( ) 9. There are than 50 students in our class.A. moreB. manyC. muchD. over( ) 10. —Hi. May I ask you some questions, Mr. Green?—______A. Yes, you may.B. Yeah, go ahead.C. Yes, you can’t.D. No, you can.III.完形填空。
英语_2021-2022学年度第一学期期末教学目标检测八年级 (英语)(含答案)
2021-2022学年度第一学期期末教学目标检测八年级 (英语)一、完形填空1.I'm thinking about what I'm going to do this summer. Maybe I'll get a job. If I（1）________a job, I'll have enough money to buy some new things. I'd like to have some new dresses（2）________I start school again in September. I can also buy some books or some music CDs. I really love jazz（爵士乐）. I could buy some more CDs（3）________my jazz collection. Or I can use the money to pay for tennis lessons. I can play tennis well, but I'd like to learn to play it much（4）________. Or maybe I can use the money to pay for the piano lessons. I'd like to learn to play（5）________piano, too.If I don't get a job this summer, I'll visit my（6）________in San Francisco. They live in a beautiful old house near the sea. That will be fun. My grandparents are（7）________very nice to me. They will let me sleep late. I（8）________have to get up until 10 o'clock every day. I'll eat delicious food because my grandmother is an excellent cook.（9）________always cooks my favorite food. I'll also go to the beach with my grandparents. I like swimming in the sea. My grandparents like（10）________to museums but I don't enjoy it so much, so maybe I'll stay at home to watch TV.（1）A will getB gotC getD gets（2）A soB beforeC untilD if（3）A forB toC atD of（4）A goodB wellC betterD best（5）A aB anC theD /（6）A grandparentB grandparentsC grandparent'sD grandparents'（7）A alwaysB sometimesC hardlyD never（8）A willB won'tC doD don't（9）A HerB HersC HerselfD She（10）A goB wentC goesD to go2.It was a sunny Saturday afternoon in Oklahoma City. My friend Bobby Lewis took his two little boys to an amusement park. He walked up to the counter and asked the man who was selling tickets, "How much should I（1）________to get in?""Three dollars for you and three dollars for any kid older than six," the young man replied. "We will let them in for free if they are six or（2）________. How old are they?"Bobby replied, "one is three and the other is seven, so I guess I will（3）________you six dollars."The man at the ticket counter looked at Bobby（4）________. "Hey, you make me think you are not（5）________enough. If you don't tell the truth, you can save（6）________dollars. You could just tell me that the older one is six. You know it is almost impossible for anyone to know the（7）________between 6-year-old kids or 7-year-old kid. And in my eyes, they look the same." Bobby shook his head and（8）________the counter's advice, "What you said sounds true, but the two kids know that. Nowadays, being（9）________is more important than anything else. I just want to set a good（10）________to my sons.（1）A costB payC buyD take（2）A youngerB olderC shorterD longer（3）A takeB helpC getD give（4）A happilyB angrilyC excitedlyD surprisedly（5）A interestingB smartC beautifulD relaxed（6）A nineB sevenC sixD three（7）A importanceB discussionsC differencesD similarity（8）A turned downB turned onC turned offD turned up（9）A honestB seriousC carefulD available（10）A ideaB cultureC exampleD hobby二、阅读理解3. Do you want to send a secret（秘密的）message? Here are two wonderful ways to do it!（1）________ makes the secret message in "a lemon juice letter" show up.A The air.B The light.C The fire.D The water.（2）Which is TRUE about the lemon juice letter?A Only children can make it.B You can't see anything when it is wet.C The words in the message must be yellow.D The lemon juice is brown when you hold it near the light.（3）You do NOT need a ________ to make a mirror message.A piece of paper.B potato.C knife.D bathroom mirror.（4）What does the underlined word "invisible" mean?A 奉献的B 强大的C 清晰的D 隐形的（5）The passage may be from ________.A a science magazineB a history bookC a sports newspaperD a weather report4.Ray turned 113 in May this year. She was the 12th oldest person in the world. Ray was one of the few people who lived to more than 110 years old. We often call them centenarians（百岁老人）. "She often drinks milk. She hardly gets angry with others and is always happy. So she is in good health. I think her reason for long life is drinking milk every day and trying to be happy," said her granddaughter.Her doctor, Dr. Perls, said another reason for Ray's long life is her genes（基因）. She got them from her parents. He said, "These genes can keep you in good health and let you live longer. People can usually live to about 80 years old. Those with the right genes can live to more than 100 years. They also pass those genes to their children. So if a person's parents live long, he or she will probably live long, too." Dr. Perls also said, "You may not have those genes. But if you don't smoke, don't drink too much, and do exercise or do other things to relax, you still can live long."（1）Ray was the ________ oldest person in the world this year.A 11thB 12thC 13thD 14th（2）From the passage, we can learn that Ray ________.A often drinks milkB is never happyC often drinks juiceD often gets angry（3）Another reason for Ray's long life is ________.A genesB hardC shortD easy（4）Which of the following sentence is true?A People who don't have the genes can't live long.B It's impossible for Ray's parents to have a long life.C Good eating habits are also the reason to live long.D Only 12 people can live to more than 110 years old.（5）The passage is mainly about ________.A the family of RayB Ray's parentsC why Ray lives longD Ray's doctor5. 左栏是五位学生的职业梦想，右栏是一些帮助实现职业梦想的辅导班的介绍。
八年级数学目标复习检测卷带答案
八年级数学目标复习检测卷带答案一、选择题：本大题共14个小题，每小题3分，共42分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，有一个是正确的，请把正确选项的代码填在体后的括号内1.以下问题，不适合用全面调查的是A.了解全班同学每周体育锻炼的时间B.旅客上飞机前的安检C.学校招聘教师，对应聘人员面试D.了解全市中小学生每天的零花钱2.如图所示，若在某棋盘上建立直角坐标系，使“将”位于点1，﹣2，“象”位于点3，﹣2，则“炮”位于点A.1，3B.﹣2，1C.﹣1，2D.﹣2，23.点A1，﹣2关于x轴对称的点的坐标是A.1，﹣2B.﹣1，2C.﹣1，﹣2D.1，24.下列变量间的关系不是函数关系的是A.长方形的宽一定，其长与面积B.正方形的周长与面积C.等腰三角形的底边长与面积D.圆的周长与半径5.小芳的爷爷每天坚持体育锻炼，某天他慢步行走到离家较远的公园，打了一会儿太极拳，然后沿原路跑步到家里，下面能够反映当天小芳爷爷离家的距离y米与时间x分钟之间的关系的大致图象是A. B. C. D.6.如图所示，图案上各点纵坐标不变，横坐标分别加2，连接各点所得图案与原图案相比A.位置和形状都相同B.横向拉长为原来的2倍C.向左平移2个单位长度D.向右平移2个单位长度7.点A的位置如图所示，则关于点A的位置下列说法中正确的是A.距点O4km处B.北偏东40°方向上4km处C.在点O北偏东50°方向上4km处D.在点O北偏东40°方向上4km处8.在函数y= 中，自变量x的取值范围是A.x≥﹣2且x≠1B.x≤2且x≠1C.x≠1D.x≤﹣29.已知点P3﹣m，m﹣1在第二象限，则m的取值范围在数轴上表示正确的是A. B. C. D.10.在平面直角坐标系中，已知线段AB∥x轴，端点A的坐标是﹣1，4且AB=4，则端点B的坐标是A.﹣5，4B.3，4C.﹣1，0D.﹣5，4或3，411.为了解中学300名男生的身高情况，随机抽取若干名男生进行身高测量，将所得数据整理后，画出频数分布直方图如图.估计该校男生的身高在169.5cm～174.5cm之间的人数有A.12B.48C.72D.9612.如图，正方形ABCD的边长为4，P为正方形边上一动点，沿A→D→C→B→A 的路径匀速移动，设P点经过的路径长为x，△APD的面积是y，则下列图象能大致反映y与x 的函数关系的是A. B. C. D.13.在直角坐标平面内的机器人接受指令“[a，A]”a≥0，0°A.﹣1，B.﹣1，C. ，﹣1D. ，114.在直角坐标系中，O为坐标原点，已知点A1，1，在x轴上确定点P，使△AOP为等腰三角形，则符合条件的点P的个数共有A.6个B.5个C.4个D.3个二、准确填空：本大题共6个小题，每小题4分，共24分15.某校为了了解700名八年级学生是视力情况，从中抽取了100名学生进行测试，其中总体为，样本为，样本容量.16.已知点P3，2，则点P到x轴的距离是，到y轴的距离是，到原点的距离是.17.某超市，苹果的标价为3元/千克，设购买这种苹果xkg，付费y元，在这个过程中常量是，变量是，请写出y与x的函数表达式.18.根据图中的程序，当输入x=5时，输出的结果y= .19.若点Ma+3，a﹣2在y轴上，则点M的坐标是.20.如图，在平面直角坐标系中，一动点从原点O出发，按向上，向右，向下，向右的方向不断地移动，每次移动一个单位，得到点A10，1，A21，1，A31，0，A42，0，…那么点A4n+1n为自然数的坐标为用n表示.三、细心解答：本大题共6个小题，共54分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤21.如图，已知在平面直角坐标系中，△ABC的位置如图所示.1请写出A、B、C三点的坐标;2将△ABC向右平移6个单位，再向上平移2个单位，请在图中作出平移后的△A′B′C′，并写出△A′B′C′各点的坐标;3求出△ABC的面积.22.兰州市某中学对本校初中学生完成家庭作业的时间做了总量控制，规定每天完成家庭作业的时间不超过1.5小时，该校数学课外兴趣小组对本校初中学生回家完成作业的时间做了一次随机抽样调查，并绘制出频数分布表和频数分布直方图如图的一部分.时间小时频数人数频率0≤t<0.5 4 0.10.5≤t<1 a 0.31≤t<1.5 10 0.251.5≤t<2 8 b2≤t<2.5 6 0.15合计 11在图表中，a= ，b= ;2补全频数分布直方图;3请估计该校1400名初中学生中，约有多少学生在1.5小时以内完成了家庭作业.23.一天小强和爷爷去爬山，小强让爷爷先上山，然后追赶爷爷.图中两条线段分别表示小强和爷爷离开山脚的距离y米与爬山所用时间x分的关系从小强开始爬山时计时，看图回答下列问题：1小强让爷爷先上山多少米?2山顶高多少米?谁先爬上山顶?3小强通过多少时间追上爷爷?4谁的速度快，快多少?24.为了解学生参加社团的情况，从2021年起，某市教育部门每年都从全市所有学生中随机抽取2000名学生进行调查，图①、图②是部分调查数据的统计图参加社团的学生每人只能报一项根据统计图提供的信息解决下列问题：1求图②中“科技类”所在扇形的圆心角α的度数2该市2021年抽取的学生中，参加体育类与理财类社团的学生共有多少人?3该市2021年共有50000名学生，请你估计该市2021年参加社团的学生人数.25.如图，在平面直角坐标系中，第一次将△OAB变换成△O A1B1，第二次将△OA1B1变换成△OA2B2，第三次将△OA2B2变换成△OA3B3.1观察每次变换前后的三角形的变化规律，若将△OA3B3变换成△OA4B4，则A4的坐标是，B4的坐标是;2若按第1题找到的规律将△OAB进行n次变换，得到△OAnBn，比较每次变换中三角形顶点坐标有何变化，找出规律，推测An的坐标是，Bn的坐标是.26.某市规定如下用水收费标准：每户每月的用水不超过6m3，水费按每立方米a元收费，超过6m3时，不超过的部分每立方米仍按a元收费，超过的部分每立方米按c元收费，该市某户今年3、4月份的用水量和水费如表所示：设某户该月用水量为xm3，应交水费为y元.1求a、c的值;2写出不超过6m3和超过6m3时，y与x之间的关系式;3若该户5月份的用水量为8m3，求该户5月份的水费是多少元?月份用水量/m3 水费/元3 5 7.54 9 27、选择题：本大题共14个小题，每小题3分，共42分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，有一个是正确的，请把正确选项的代码填在体后的括号内1.以下问题，不适合用全面调查的是A.了解全班同学每周体育锻炼的时间B.旅客上飞机前的安检C.学校招聘教师，对应聘人员面试D.了解全市中小学生每天的零花钱【考点】全面调查与抽样调查.【分析】由普查得到的调查结果比较准确，但所费人力、物力和时间较多，而抽样调查得到的调查结果比较近似.【解答】解：A、了解全班同学每周体育锻炼的时间，数量不大，宜用全面调查，故A 选项错误;B、旅客上飞机前的安检，意义重大，宜用全面调查，故B选项错误;C、学校招聘教师，对应聘人员面试必须全面调查，故C选项错误;D、了解全市中小学生每天的零花钱，工作量大，且普查的意义不大，不适合全面调查，故D选项正确.故选D.2.如图所示，若在某棋盘上建立直角坐标系，使“将”位于点1，﹣2，“象”位于点3，﹣2，则“炮”位于点A.1，3B.﹣2，1C.﹣1，2D.﹣2，2【考点】坐标确定位置.【分析】以“将”位于点1，﹣2为基准点，再根据““右加左减，上加下减”来确定坐标即可.【解答】解：以“将”位于点1，﹣2为基准点，则“炮”位于点1﹣3，﹣2+3，即为﹣2，1.故选B.3.点A1，﹣2关于x轴对称的点的坐标是A.1，﹣2B.﹣1，2C.﹣1，﹣2D.1，2【考点】关于x轴、y轴对称的点的坐标.【分析】根据关于x轴对称点的坐标特点：横坐标不变，纵坐标互为相反数可直接得到答案.【解答】解：点A1，﹣2关于x轴对称的点的坐标是1，2，故选：D.4.下列变量间的关系不是函数关系的是A.长方形的宽一定，其长与面积B.正方形的周长与面积C.等腰三角形的底边长与面积D.圆的周长与半径【考点】函数的概念.【分析】根据函数定义：对于函数中的每个值x，变量y按照一定的法则有一个确定的值y与之对应，解答即可.【解答】解：A、长=面积/宽;B、面积=周长/42;C、高不能确定，共有三个变量;D、周长=2π•半径.故本题选C.5.小芳的爷爷每天坚持体育锻炼，某天他慢步行走到离家较远的公园，打了一会儿太极拳，然后沿原路跑步到家里，下面能够反映当天小芳爷爷离家的距离y米与时间x分钟之间的关系的大致图象是A. B. C. D.【考点】函数的图象.【分析】分三段考虑，①漫步到公园，此时y随x的增大缓慢增大;②打太极，y随x 的增大，不变;③跑步回家，y随x的增大，快速减小，结合选项判断即可.【解答】解：小芳的爷爷点的形成分为三段：①漫步到公园，此时y随x的增大缓慢增大;②打太极，y随x的增大，不变;③跑步回家，y随x的增大，快速减小，结合图象可得选项C中的图象符合.故选C.6.如图所示，图案上各点纵坐标不变，横坐标分别加2，连接各点所得图案与原图案相比A.位置和形状都相同B.横向拉长为原来的2倍C.向左平移2个单位长度D.向右平移2个单位长度【考点】坐标与图形变化-平移.【分析】根据横坐标变化，纵坐标不变确定图形向右平移2个单位长度解答.【解答】解：∵图案上各点的纵坐标不变，横坐标分别加2，∴连结各点所得图案与原图案相比：向右平移2个单位长度.故选D.7.点A的位置如图所示，则关于点A的位置下列说法中正确的是A.距点O4km处B.北偏东40°方向上4km处C.在点O北偏东50°方向上4km处D.在点O北偏东40°方向上4km处【考点】坐标确定位置.【分析】根据点的位置确定应该有方向以及距离，进而利用图象得出即可.【解答】解：如图所示：点A在点O北偏东40°方向上4km处.故选：D.8.在函数y= 中，自变量x的取值范围是A.x≥﹣2且x≠1B.x≤2且x≠1C.x≠1D.x≤﹣2【考点】函数自变量的取值范围.【分析】根据被开方数大于等于0，分母不等于0列式计算即可得解.【解答】解：由题意得，x+2≥0且x﹣1≠0，解得x≥﹣2且x≠1.故选：A.9.已知点P3﹣m，m﹣1在第二象限，则m的取值范围在数轴上表示正确的是A. B. C. D.【考点】在数轴上表示不等式的解集;解一元一次不等式组;点的坐标.【分析】根据第二象限内点的坐标特点，可得不等式，根据解不等式，可得答案.【解答】解：已知点P3﹣m，m﹣1在第二象限，3﹣m<0且m﹣1>0，解得m>3，m>1，故选：A.10.在平面直角坐标系中，已知线段AB∥x轴，端点A的坐标是﹣1，4且AB=4，则端点B的坐标是A.﹣5，4B.3，4C.﹣1，0D.﹣5，4或3，4【考点】点的坐标.【分析】根据平行于x轴直线上点的纵坐标相等，到一点距离相等的点有两个，可得答案.【解答】解：由线段AB∥x轴，端点A的坐标是﹣1，4，得B点的纵坐标是4.由AB=4，得B点坐标﹣5，4或3，4，故选：D.11.为了解中学300名男生的身高情况，随机抽取若干名男生进行身高测量，将所得数据整理后，画出频数分布直方图如图.估计该校男生的身高在169.5cm～174.5cm之间的人数有A.12B.48C.72D.96【考点】频数率分布直方图;用样本估计总体.【分析】根据直方图求出身高在169.5cm～174.5cm之间的人数的百分比，然后乘以300，计算即可.【解答】解：根据图形，身高在169.5cm～174.5cm之间的人数的百分比为：×100%=24%，所以，该校男生的身高在169.5cm～174.5cm之间的人数有300×24%=72人.故选C.12.如图，正方形ABCD的边长为4，P为正方形边上一动点，沿A→D→C→B→A 的路径匀速移动，设P点经过的路径长为x，△APD的面积是y，则下列图象能大致反映y与x 的函数关系的是A. B. C. D.【考点】动点问题的函数图象.【分析】根据动点从点A出发，首先向点D运动，此时y不随x的增加而增大，当点P在DC山运动时，y随着x的增大而增大，当点P在CB上运动时，y不变，据此作出选择即可.【解答】解：①当点P由点A向点D运动时，y的值为0;②当点P在DC上运动时，y随着x的增大而增大;③当点p在CB上运动时，y=AB•AD，y不变;④当点P在BA上运动时，y随x的增大而减小.故选B.13.在直角坐标平面内的机器人接受指令“[a，A]”a≥0，0°A.﹣1，B.﹣1，C. ，﹣1D. ，1【考点】坐标与图形变化-旋转;含30度角的直角三角形;勾股定理.【分析】根据题意画出图形，得出OA=2，∠AOC=60°，求出∠AOB，根据直角三角形的性质和勾股定理求出OB、AB即可.【解答】解：由已知得到：OA=2，∠COA=60°，过A作AB⊥X轴于B，∴∠BOA=90°﹣60°=30°，∴AB=1，由勾股定理得：OB= ，∴A的坐标是﹣，﹣1.故选C.14.在直角坐标系中，O为坐标原点，已知点A1，1，在x轴上确定点P，使△AOP为等腰三角形，则符合条件的点P的个数共有A.6个B.5个C.4个D.3个【考点】坐标与图形性质;等腰三角形的判定.【分析】本题应该分情况讨论.以OA为腰或底分别讨论.当A是顶角顶点时，P是以A 为圆心，以OA为半径的圆与x轴的交点，共有1个，若OA是底边时，P是OA的中垂线与x轴的交点，有1个，共有4个.【解答】解：1若AO作为腰时，有两种情况，当A是顶角顶点时，P是以A为圆心，以OA为半径的圆与x轴的交点，共有1个，当O是顶角顶点时，P是以O为圆心，以OA为半径的圆与x轴的交点，有2个;2若OA是底边时，P是OA的中垂线与x轴的交点，有1个.以上4个交点没有重合的.故符合条件的点有4个.故选：C.二、准确填空：本大题共6个小题，每小题4分，共24分15.某校为了了解700名八年级学生是视力情况，从中抽取了100名学生进行测试，其中总体为700名八年级学生的视力情况，样本为从中抽取100名学生的视力情况，样本容量100 .【考点】总体、个体、样本、样本容量.【分析】总体是指考查的对象的全体，个体是总体中的每一个考查的对象，样本是总体中所抽取的一部分个体，而样本容量则是指样本中个体的数目.我们在区分总体、个体、样本、样本容量，这四个概念时，首先找出考查的对象.从而找出总体、个体.再根据被收集数据的这一部分对象找出样本，最后再根据样本确定出样本容量.【解答】解：为了了解700名八年级学生是视力情况，从中抽取了100名学生进行测试，其中总体为700名八年级学生的视力情况，样本为从中抽取100名学生的视力情况，样本容量 100，故答案为：700名八年级学生的视力情况，从中抽取100名学生的视力情况，100.16.已知点P3，2，则点P到x轴的距离是 2 ，到y轴的距离是 3 ，到原点的距离是.【考点】点的坐标.【分析】根据点到x轴的距离等于纵坐标的长度，到y轴的距离等于横坐标的长度解答;再利用勾股定理列式求出到原点的距离即可.【解答】解：点P3，2到x轴的距离是2，到y轴的距离是3，到原点的距离为： = .故答案为：2，3， .17.某超市，苹果的标价为3元/千克，设购买这种苹果xkg，付费y元，在这个过程中常量是 3 ，变量是x、y ，请写出y与x的函数表达式y=3x .【考点】函数关系式;常量与变量.【分析】根据常量与变量定义即可得知，再根据：总花费=单价×数量，把相关数值代入即可得函数表达式.【解答】解：在购买苹果的过程中，苹果的单价3元/千克不变，所付费用y随购买数量xkg的变化而变化，∴这个过程中，常量是3，变量是x、y，且y=3x，故答案为：3，x、y，y=3x.18.根据图中的程序，当输入x=5时，输出的结果y= 0 .【考点】代数式求值.【分析】根据题意可知，该程序计算是将x代入y=﹣2x+10.将x=5输入即可求解.【解答】解：∵x=5>3，∴将x=5代入y=﹣2x+10，解得y=0.故答案为：0.19.若点Ma+3，a﹣2在y轴上，则点M的坐标是0，﹣5 .【考点】点的坐标.【分析】让点M的横坐标为0求得a的值，代入即可.【解答】解：∵点Ma+3，a﹣2在y轴上，∴a+3=0，即a=﹣3，∴点M的坐标是0，﹣5.故答案填：0，﹣5.20.如图，在平面直角坐标系中，一动点从原点O出发，按向上，向右，向下，向右的方向不断地移动，每次移动一个单位，得到点A10，1，A21，1，A31，0，A42，0，…那么点A4n+1n为自然数的坐标为2n，1 用n表示.【考点】规律型：点的坐标.【分析】根据图形分别求出n=1、2、3时对应的点A4n+1的坐标，然后根据变化规律写出即可.【解答】解：由图可知，n=1时，4×1+1=5，点A52，1，n=2时，4×2+1=9，点A94，1，n=3时，4×3+1=13，点A136，1，所以，点A4n+12n，1.故答案为：2n，1.三、细心解答：本大题共6个小题，共54分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤21.如图，已知在平面直角坐标系中，△ABC的位置如图所示.1请写出A、B、C三点的坐标;2将△ABC向右平移6个单位，再向上平移2个单位，请在图中作出平移后的△A′B′C′，并写出△A′B′C′各点的坐标;3求出△ABC的面积.【考点】作图-平移变换.【分析】1根据平面直角坐标系写出各点的坐标即可;2根据网格结构找出点A′、B′、C′的位置，然后顺次连接即可，再根据平面直角坐标系写出各点的坐标;3利用△ABC所在的矩形的面积减去四周三个直角三角形的面积列式计算即可得解.【解答】解：1A﹣1，2，B﹣2，﹣1，C2，0;2△A′B′C′如图所示，A′5，4，B′4，1，C′8，2;3△ABC的面积=4×3﹣×1×4﹣×2×3﹣×1×3，=12﹣2﹣3﹣1.5，=12﹣6.5，=5.5.22.兰州市某中学对本校初中学生完成家庭作业的时间做了总量控制，规定每天完成家庭作业的时间不超过1.5小时，该校数学课外兴趣小组对本校初中学生回家完成作业的时间做了一次随机抽样调查，并绘制出频数分布表和频数分布直方图如图的一部分.时间小时频数人数频率0≤t<0.5 4 0.10.5≤t<1 a 0.31≤t<1.5 10 0.251.5≤t<2 8 b2≤t<2.5 6 0.15合计 11在图表中，a= 12 ，b= 0.2 ;2补全频数分布直方图;3请估计该校1400名初中学生中，约有多少学生在1.5小时以内完成了家庭作业.【考点】频数率分布直方图;用样本估计总体;频数率分布表.【分析】1根据每天完成家庭作业的时间在0≤t<0.5的频数和频率，求出抽查的总人数，再用总人数乘以每天完成家庭作业的时间在0.5≤t<1的频率，求出a，再用每天完成家庭作业的时间在1.5≤t<2的频率乘以总人数，求出b即可;2根据1求出a的值，可直接补全统计图;3用每天完成家庭作业时间在1.5小时以内的人数所占的百分比乘以该校的总人数，即可得出答案.【解答】解：1抽查的总的人数是： =40人，a=40×0.3=12人，b= =0.2;故答案为：12，0.2;2根据1可得：每天完成家庭作业的时间在0.5≤t<1的人数是12，补图如下：3根据题意得：×1400=910名，答：约有多少910名学生在1.5小时以内完成了家庭作业.23.一天小强和爷爷去爬山，小强让爷爷先上山，然后追赶爷爷.图中两条线段分别表示小强和爷爷离开山脚的距离y米与爬山所用时间x分的关系从小强开始爬山时计时，看图回答下列问题：1小强让爷爷先上山多少米?2山顶高多少米?谁先爬上山顶?3小强通过多少时间追上爷爷?4谁的速度快，快多少?【考点】函数的图象.【分析】由图象可知在爷爷先上了60米小强才开始追赶;由y轴纵坐标可知，山顶离地面的高度，又由两条线段的关系可知小强先到达山顶，小强追上爷爷，之间路程相等，由图象，两条线段的交点即为小强追上爷爷所用的时间.【解答】解：1由图象可知小强让爷爷先上了60米;2y轴纵坐标可知，山顶离地面的高度为300米，小强先爬山山顶;3小强用8分钟追上…4小强速度为240÷8=30米/分钟爷爷速度为÷8=22.5米/分钟30﹣22.5=7.5米/分钟小强速度快，快7.5米/分钟.24.为了解学生参加社团的情况，从2021年起，某市教育部门每年都从全市所有学生中随机抽取2000名学生进行调查，图①、图②是部分调查数据的统计图参加社团的学生每人只能报一项根据统计图提供的信息解决下列问题：1求图②中“科技类”所在扇形的圆心角α的度数2该市2021年抽取的学生中，参加体育类与理财类社团的学生共有多少人?3该市2021年共有50000名学生，请你估计该市2021年参加社团的学生人数.【考点】折线统计图;用样本估计总体;扇形统计图.【分析】1用1减去其余四个部分所占百分比得到“科技类”所占百分比，再乘以360°即可;2由折线统计图得出该市2021年抽取的学生一共有300+200=500人，再乘以体育类与理财类所占百分比的和即可;3先求出该市2021年参加社团的学生所占百分比，再乘以该市2021年学生总数即可.【解答】解：1“科技类”所占百分比是：1﹣30%﹣10%﹣15%﹣25%=20%，α=360°×20%=72°;2该市2021年抽取的学生一共有300+200=500人，参加体育类与理财类社团的学生共有500×30%+10%=200人;350000× =28750.即估计该市2021年参加社团的学生有28750人.25.如图，在平面直角坐标系中，第一次将△OAB变换成△OA1B1，第二次将△OA1B1变换成△OA2B2，第三次将△OA2B2变换成△OA3B3.1观察每次变换前后的三角形的变化规律，若将△OA3B3变换成△OA4B4，则A4的坐标是16，3 ，B4的坐标是32，0 ;2若按第1题找到的规律将△OAB进行n次变换，得到△OAnBn，比较每次变换中三角形顶点坐标有何变化，找出规律，推测An的坐标是2n，3 ，Bn的坐标是2n+1，0 .【考点】规律型：图形的变化类;点的坐标.【分析】根据图形写出点A系列的坐标与点B系列的坐标，根据具体数值找到规律即可.【解答】解：1因为A1，3，A12，3，A24，3，A38，3…纵坐标不变为3，横坐标都和2有关，为2n，那么A416，3;因为B2，0，B14，0，B28，0，B316，0…纵坐标不变，为0，横坐标都和2有关为2n+1，那么B4的坐标为32，0;2由上题规律可知An的纵坐标总为3，横坐标为2n，Bn的纵坐标总为0，横坐标为2n+1.26.某市规定如下用水收费标准：每户每月的用水不超过6m3，水费按每立方米a元收费，超过6m3时，不超过的部分每立方米仍按a元收费，超过的部分每立方米按c元收费，该市某户今年3、4月份的用水量和水费如表所示：设某户该月用水量为xm3，应交水费为y元.1求a、c的值;2写出不超过6m3和超过6m3时，y与x之间的关系式;3若该户5月份的用水量为8m3，求该户5月份的水费是多少元?月份用水量/m3 水费/元3 5 7.54 9 27【考点】一次函数的应用.【分析】1根据5<6，于是得到3月份用水量不超过6米3，于是得到结论;2依照题意，当x≤6时，y=ax;当x>6时，y=6a+cx﹣6，分别把对应的x，y值代入求解可得解析式;3把x=8代入y=6x﹣27y即可得到结论.【解答】1∵5<6，∴3月份用水量不超过6米3，则5a=7.5，解得：a=1.5，则根据4月份，得6×1.5+9﹣6c=27，解得：c=6;2当0< p="">当x>6时，y=6×1.5+6x﹣6=6x﹣27;3当x=8时，y=6×8﹣27=21，答：该户5月份的水费是21元.感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
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机智、勇敢。
6.描写了平静的水面，“忘记这是为什么埋的了”为下文老头子利用水下埋的钩子设下陷阱，捉弄和惩罚鬼子设下了伏笔。
7.鬼子进村，追赶公鸡，想要欺侮苇垛里的一个姑娘反被戏耍炸死，鬼子烧了苇垛，姑娘却已和同伴机智地躲进淀里。
8.因为鱼鹰事件交代了背景，并充分的对鬼子们进行了嘲讽，知道了鬼子们几年前对我所进行的羞辱。
9.C项不在取材范围（儿子去参加了水上游击队，老头儿把小艇修理好，做交通员）。
因为小说主要突出老头的要强、机智、勇敢，并没有交代老头有没有孩子，更没有交代孩子的去向，所以C项与小说内容无关。
）10.孙犁3.蜡烛1.fú jiào lì pǎi pú fú yâ jiàn wýi2.袭屏鞠穆3.B4.亲手埋葬牺牲在南斯拉夫国土上的苏联红军战士【删去后两空答案】5.体现蜡烛对于老妇人的珍贵，同时，在一个特殊的环境、特殊的氛围中，反复描写蜡烛有着特殊的意义。
烛光，象征着红军烈士的生命之光，寄托着南斯拉夫人民对红军烈士的哀思，是两国人民用血肉凝结的深厚情谊的象征。
6.反复描写黑色的大围巾对表现主旨、刻画人物形象有极大的作用：黑色的大围巾”表达沉痛哀悼的庄重情感，写出了老妇人对牺牲的苏联红军战士跨越国界、深沉而强烈的母亲般的爱。
7. 一位母亲使美、德士兵和平相处了一夜，共同度过了一个美好的圣诞夜8. “这回事”是指互为交战双方这一事实；“孩子们”指年轻的德国兵和美国兵们。
9. 因为母亲亲眼看到不共戴天的敌人能够友好相处，非常高兴，她相信人民之间没有仇恨，战争会很快结束的。
10. 这位德国母亲十分善良，勇敢，慈爱，希望和平，反对战争。
她伟大，有跨越国籍的伟大胸怀。
11.（1）希望和平；（2）必要时我们会为维护国家、民族利益（或自由）而战；（3）再次表达呼吁和平的心声。
4.就英法联军远征中国给巴特勒上尉的信1.qiâ hài züng jǐ fà xÿ lûâ piýhuǎng yù2.C3.法国巴黎圣母院悲惨世界人道主意精神侵略者的罪行被侵略、被掠夺的中国的巨大同情4.D5.被开发成商业娱乐场所：到处是垃圾、除了门票外院内一切均需收费、高音喇叭招揽游客玩儿童赛车、到处建起临时房子以售货甚至有的成为新的废墟，真是“满目疮痍”。
6.作者通过另两个事实再次证明了人们现在都更注重经济利益而忘却历史的教训，失却了人文情怀，让这种讽刺与揭露更具有普遍意义和深刻性。
7.在本文中，“梦”指爱国的情感，民族进步的理想。
圆明园失梦就是指作者通过游圆明园感觉到现在的人们正在忘却历史的教训，以此警策人们不忘国耻，为民族复兴而奋斗。
8.不管是修缮还是重建，对废墟来说，要义在于保存。
5.亲爱的爸爸妈妈1.lù dào yì chōng jǐng huǎng miùmù wünyán2.⑪憧憬呼唤执著⑫泻漫3.A4.⑪排比⑫设问5.在句中的意思是指充满友爱与和平的小城。
6.一天之内，七千人惨遭法西斯强盗的屠杀，这个记忆是“沉重”的，但是面对法西斯的屠刀，南斯拉夫人民毫不畏惧，大义凛然，这又是“美丽”的。
7.倘然不先后投下了两颗原子弹，日本帝国主义还不会立即投降，战争还可能拖下去，各国人民和日本人民将承受更大的损失。
8.指日军对中国人民犯下的罪恶事实太多，难以写完，日机对重庆等地大轰炸给中国人民带来的威胁和损失是无法计算的，9.(1)美军在广岛投原子弹；(2)日机对重庆等地大轰炸；(3)日本天皇在广岛参加悼念原子弹受害者。
批判某些日本人顽固坚持军国主义的反动立场。
6 阿长与《山海经》1．jǐng pì lǔ jiǔ hài zýng dàn zhuō d ào sǒng 疮诘雳琐孀慕籍耐2.C3.B4.（1）淡薄；消失；诘问。
（２）又；却；完全。
5.还有一种插图都是立体的、会活动的书，也很吸引人。
6.阿长为“我”买来了“我”一直无法得到但又念念不忘的《山海经》，从此，“我”对她产生了新的敬意。
7.对比,用祖叔和其他人“不肯做或不能做”的行为与阿长一直把我的事放在心上,最后终于给我买来了《山海经》形成对比,突出了阿长的善良，对“我”的关心与疼爱。
8.在阿长讲了长毛故事后，作为小孩的“我”惊异于她有这样伟大的神力是很自然的，但这种“敬意”是小孩因为无知好奇而产生的惊讶。
而当阿长给“我”买来了《山海经》，这是“我”一直想得到却又无从得到的一本书。
别人不肯做，或不能做的事，她却能够做成功，这使“我”的心灵产生了极大的震撼，使“我”觉得她的确具有伟大的神力，“我”产生了“新的敬意”，这种“敬意”是有别于之前的敬意，是一种真正的敬佩之情。
9.隐鼠虽不及墨猴，但有总比没有好。
10.“我”很喜爱可爱的隐鼠，当得知它被猫吃了的时候，非常愤怒而且悲哀。
11．认为长妈妈是谋害“我”隐鼠的“凶手”，完全没有了对她的敬意，把对猫的仇恨转为对长妈妈的怨恨。
12.第一句：我们读书须博览群书，做学问应博采众长，拓宽自己的视野，才能有收获。
第二句：做事贵在坚持，只要努力就能取得最后的成功等。
7 背影1.C2.（1）chüi chüchàcÿ（2）bân býn býn （3）kong kōng kîng（4）jìn jÿn （5）süng sàng s üng3.D4.惨淡妥帖5.在这里是反语，表现了作者对自己以前不理解“父爱”的深深自责和悔恨。
6.运用生动形象的动作描写,写出了父亲吃力地过铁道为我买橘子的情景,从父亲的艰难中突出父亲对我浓浓的爱。
7.第一次流泪是看到父亲那么吃力的去给自己买桔子，感动得流泪，第二次流泪是感受到浓浓的父子情，舍不得和父亲分别；另外父亲为了这个家耗尽了自己的心血，甚至在退休之后还不得不出外谋生，我感到很难过、心酸，更有自己不能为父亲排忧解难的自责!8．嶙峋疮汩汩慷慨浩瀚坚韧震撼摩挲9.“父亲就这样无言地用嶙峋的驼背将生活的重负扛着，就像一张弓无言地坚韧着、积攒着，为一支支响箭预备着生命的涌动和波澜。
”生动形象地表明了父亲无怨无悔地承受生活的艰难，突出表现了父亲博大而深沉的爱。
10．抓住驼背，《背影》通过抓住父亲的背影写出作者对父亲深切的爱的理解。
本文作者通过抓住父亲驼背表达对父亲崇高的敬意和无限的感激之情，两文都能抓住人物在特定环境下的特征展开描写并以此为线贯穿全文，意蕴丰富，耐人寻味，这是它们的妙处所在。
11.人生的路有时会很不顺利，甚至遇到人生中最大的挫折，但这时不要丧失斗志，要充满信心。
8 台阶1.凼黏熬晌颅敞舀躁卵硌 küi xián kǎn qì gà2.A3.C4.教师工作时间长，休息时间短。
5.台阶虽然高了，但是地位却没有提高，所以父亲反而处处感到“不对劲”。
6.这五个层次按照由低到高的顺序排列。
文中父亲的需求实际是对尊重的需求，处于第四层次，是较高层次的需要。
7.父亲积劳成疾、病人膏肓的身体8.①父亲是中国老一辈农民的代表；②勤劳，直到临终念念不忘的还是锄头、庄稼、收割；③节俭，舍不得乱花一分钱；④善良，与世无争，惟一的祈求是过上安稳的日子；⑤精神上的贫困，关心却弄不明白国家大事。
9.①象征了“我”的父亲②象征了辛勤一生、默默无闻的中国老一辈的农民③象征了博大宽容9 老王1.蹬惶伍骷髅瞎螺胀镶嵌翳攥怍滞 zài wǔshüo qiǎng yǔ2.略3.C4.B5.因为这里是夸张的写法，突出老王瘦弱无力、行动不灵活的僵直状态，也写出“我”见到老王时的诧异和同情。
6.“他面如死灰……打上一棍就会散成一堆白骨。
”突出了老王当时病情严重，样子怕人；也暗示出老王的不幸，关心他的人很少。
7.生活贫困、身体虚弱的老王不可能送“多得数不完”的鸡蛋。
作者这样写的含义是：鸡蛋凝聚了老王真挚的谢意，体现了他善良的性情，这情意是无法计量的。
8.①取得非凡杰出的科学成就；②直接挑战传统权威理论；③以坚强毅力战胜罕见疾病；④以乐观的态度面对人生。
9.①霍金生活在一个人的价值得到充分尊重的时代；②霍金生活在一个科学技术高度发达的时代；③霍金生活在剑桥大学，他完全可以像常人一样生活。
10.他拥有一颗感恩之心，能够坚韧乐观地面对不幸。
11.为了获得自信自己仍然立在好人边上的自慰。
老妪退钱表现了“人心的尊贵”，相比之下，“我”深感自己的行为比较庸俗。
10 信客1.D2.(1)难能可贵(2)世故人情(3)从容不迫(4)绘声绘色3.(1)没用(2)比喻(3)比喻(4)排比4.我国人工培育盐泽螺旋藻率先获得成功5.说明信客工作成绩出色，得到了许多人的认可、敬仰和崇敬。
6.繁华多变的都市生活冲击着居住在落后农村的乡民们的生活方式、生活观念，信客对这一切感受最为迅速，最为真切，也最为深刻。
作者在句中流露出了对旧中国农村的封闭、落后与农民生活贫穷的慨叹和对信客沟通乡村与城市，深察世故人情的赞美。
7.恶作剧（淘气、调皮）手忙脚乱，一番折腾河面结冰好不容易“才把船晃过来”年老体弱特地起大早送“我们”过河上学8.因为老人失去可爱的儿子深感痛苦，于是把父爱转移到“我们”身上，每天接送“我们”上学，所以觉得“心里好受些”。
9.双重含义，既是指老人接送我们渡河，又是指对“我们”生活、思想上的帮助。
11中国石拱桥1.弧陡姿墩谐撑凝倾 xiào xiáo chân qìɡǒnɡ dÿ2.①“当时”限制了时间；“可算”表示不确定，因为作者并没有作过调查，不能肯定。