初中英语定语从句

初中英语定语从句

定语从句是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常放在先行词之后，并由关系词引导。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that。which。who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关

系副词包括where。when。why等。定语从句中，关系代词和

关系副词起到连接作用，同时也是定语从句的重要成分。

例如，This is the engineer who will give us a talk on science。在这个句子中，先行词是engineer，关系代词是who，定语从

句修饰先行词engineer。

常见的关系代词包括who和whom，它们都指人，在定语从句中分别作主语、宾语。在口语中，who常用来代替whom。例如，The girl who often helps me with my English is from England。这句话中，先行词是girl，关系代词是who，定语从句修饰先行词girl。

The girl who often helps me with English is British.

Who is the teacher that Li Ming is talking to?

Her brother is the young worker who invented this tool.

This is the boy I helped.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4619211666.html,age of "which"

Which" refers to things and can be used as the subject or object in a subordinate clause。In informal language。it can be omitted as an object。For example:

The building standing near the train n is a supermarket。which we visited yesterday。(Subject)

The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful。(Object) The factory that produces these cars is very large.

This is the book you want.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4619211666.html,age of "whose"

Whose" refers to people or things and is used as an adjective in a subordinate clause。It cannot be omitted。Sometimes。"of which" can be used instead。For example:

Do you live in the room whose window opens to the west?

This is the student whose n is the best in our class.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4619211666.html,age of "that"

That" can refer to people or things and can be used as the subject or object in a subordinate clause。In informal language。it is often omitted as an object。For example:

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle。(Subject)

The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue。(Object)

There were once six blind men who lived in a village in India.

Wheat is a plant that is grown in the north of China.

The letter that I received was from my father。who lives in another city。It was a surprise because we hadn't talked in a while。

I immediately opened it and read its contents。The letter contained updates on my family and my father's life。He shared that he had recently retired and was enjoying his newfound free time。He also talked about his hobbies。which included gardening and reading。

I was happy to hear that he was doing well and enjoying his retirement。Overall。it was a arming letter that reminded me of

the importance of staying in touch with loved ones.

1.The tree。which is four hundred years old。is very famous here.

2.We depend on the land from which we get our food.

We depend on the land which we get our food from.

3.I don't know what he did.

Summary:

that" can refer to both people and things。cannot be omitted

as a subject。and can be omitted as an object。

which" refers to things。cannot be omitted as a subject。and can be omitted as an object。

who" refers to people。cannot be omitted as a subject。and can be omitted as an object (often replaced with "whom")。

Note:

1) When the relative clause contains a n and the n is placed at the end of the clause。"who/that/which" can be omitted。However。when the n is placed before the relative pronoun。only the "n + which/whom" structure can be used。

2) In fixed nal verb phrases。the n cannot be placed before

the relative pronoun。and must remain in its original n。

3) When "that" is the object of a n。the n cannot be placed before it。and can only be placed after the verb in the clause。

2.Relative adverbs in adjective clauses

English relative adverbs include "when," "where," "why," etc。They act as adverbial modifiers of time。place。reason。etc。

and cannot be omitted in adjective clauses。

1."When" refers to time and modifies the preceding time-related antecedent。acting as a time adverb in the relative clause。equivalent to "at/in/on which."

1.I thought of the days。We studied together.

I thought of the days when we studied together.

2.He came。The students needed him.

He came at a time when the students needed him.

3.This is the farm。My grandfather once worked on it. This is the farm where my grandfather once worked.

4.That is the place。We lived there two years ago. That is the place where we lived two years ago.

5.I don’t know the reason。You get so angry with me.

I don’t know the reason why you get so angry with me.

6.Do you know the reason。He was late for school. Do you know the reason why he was late for school?

7.This is the house。He lived in it last year.

This is the house where he lived last year.

8.This is the house。He visited it last year.

This is the house that/which he visited last year.

9.I thought of the happy days。I stayed in Beijing.

I thought of the happy days when I stayed in Beijing.

10.I have never otten the days。We spent together.

I have never otten the days that/which we spent together.

1.The boy who is my younger brother was here a minute ago.

2.The old man who teaches chemistry in a college is a professor.

3.The foreign visitors live at Beijing Hotel。which is near Tian An Men Square.

4.The woman who you were talking about is here now.

5.This is the hall where we listened to the report the other day.

6.The car which just passed us was going 90 miles an hour.

7.The man who waved to us was my uncle.

8.I enjoyed reading the book which you gave me last week.

9.I prefer the subject of science。which is my favorite.

10.I spoke to the man who is a professor.

1.The house that we live in is very big.

2.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

3.This is the present which he gave me for my birthday.

4.The man who talked to you just now is an engineer.

5.He discussed the schools and teachers he had observed during his visits.

6.He is not afraid of anything in the world.

7.She wears a gold ring。which is rare in our class.

8.We toured a factory that produces toys for children.

9.Is this the place where your father used to live?

10.I will always remember the time when I joined the League.

1.Who is the man that was speaking with our English teacher。Oh。it's Mr。Baker。our math teacher.

2.I dislike individuals who do not assist others when they are

in trouble.

3.The foreigner who visited our school is from Canada.

4.e Mallory was an English school teacher who adored mountain climbing.

5.This is the most amazing place I have ever visited.

6.Nobody knows why she did not attend the meeting.

7.The moon is a world where there is no life.

8.He has otten the day when he arrived.

9.He still remembers the days when he spent with your family.

10.Mr。White。whose car had been stolen。came to the policeman.

11.He got to the village where his family once lived.

12.This is the house that I want to buy.

13.This is the house where our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.

14.He didn't tell me the place where he was born.

15.He lived in a small village。which was a long way from the railway n.

16.I work in a business where almost everyone is waiting for

a great chance.

17.Helen showed more kindness to her youngest son than to her other children。which caused envy among the siblings.

18.American women often consider their best friend to be someone with whom they can talk frequently.

19.The film brought back memories of the time when I received good care in a far-away village.

20.The famous scientist was born somewhere and grew up there。In 1930.he came to Shanghai.

21.Legend has it that Elizabeth I of England enjoyed being surrounded by intelligent and capable noblemen at court.

22.The Parkers purchased a new house。but it requires a lot of work before they can move in.

23.Is this the factory where you worked?

24.Is this the factory at which you worked?

25."Does the teacher know who planted the trees?" "Yes。he does."

26."The letter that I received from him yesterday is very important."

27."Where is the scientist who gave us the talk yesterday?" "He has gone back to Qinghua University."

28."I hate people who talk much but do little."

29."Do you know a boy whose sister is a nurse in a hospital?"

30."Is there a shop nearby where we can buy vegetables and fruits?"