段落翻译评分标准,答题技巧(2017)

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段落翻译评分标准答题技巧共37页

段落翻译评分标准答题技巧
36、“不可能”这个字(法语是一个字 )，只在愚人的字典中找得到。--拿破仑。 37、不要生气要争气，不要看破要突破，不要嫉妒要欣赏，不要托延要积极，不要心动要行动。 38、勤奋，机会，乐观是成功的三要素。(注意：传统观念认为勤奋和机会是成功的要素，但是经过统计学和成功人士的分析得出，乐观是成功的第三要素。
39、没有不老的誓言，没有不变的承诺，踏上旅途，义无反顾。 40、对时间的价值没有没有深切认识的人，决不会坚韧勤勉。
31、只有永远躺在泥坑里的人，才不会再掉进坑里。——黑格尔 32、希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德 33、希望是人生的乳母。——科策布 34、形成天才的决定因素应，就是一下子不要学很多。——洛克

专题15高考英语句子翻译高分突破(上)(原题版)

►专题15 高考英语句子翻译高分突破（上）_________________________________________________________________________________________考点难点精讲【考情链接】上海高考英语翻译题，是对考生词汇、语法、句型结构等基础知识和实际运用能力的综合考查。

高考中汉译英多为简单句或复合句，题目所给定的提示词汇也是常用词，但学生必须在比较两种语言的基础上，结合所学的语言知识翻译出不仅意思准确，而且符合英语表达习惯的好句子。

上海历年高考中译英的考察点主要有：时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。

值得注意的是近年试题中经常出现一些华丽的中文词藻或日常生活化表达。

【要点梳理】➢高考翻译的评分细则示例(以2017年上海秋季高考英语翻译部分为例：)例1李雷宁愿受罚也不愿说谎。

（would rather）译文：Li Lei would rather be punished than lie.评分细则：（1）句型would rather ... than (1)（2）would rather 与than 后接动词原形合计1分（3）be punished 计1分例2在项目投资的进程中出现了一些问题。

（arise）译文：Some problems arise/arose during the investment project.评分细则：（1）arise正确使用与拼写（特别是一般过去式arose）计1分（2）the investment project 1分例3 在过去三年里，他一直致力于研究信息的传播速度和人们生活节奏之间的关系。

（commit）译文：In the past/last 3 years, he has been/has been being committed to the study/studying the relationship between the speed of the spreading the information/at which information spreads and the rhythm/pace of people’s life.评分细则：（1）In the past/last 3 years和时态（完成）合计1分（2）commit中的被动和词组合计1分（4）commit没用扣1分例4 有人声称减肥丸效果显著，立竿见影，且对身体无害，但事实远非如此。

2017年12月英语六级考试真题及答案(第二套)

【总分：710分】一、英语六级作文15% =106.5分在这部分你要达到63.9分为及格。

二、听力部分 35%=248.5分1、长对话 8% 8个题目每小题7.1分。

2、听力篇章 7% 共7小题，每小题7.1分。

3、讲话、报道、讲座 20% 共10个小题，每小题14.2分。

三、阅读理解 35% =248.5分1、选词填空 5% 10个题，每小题3.55分2、长篇阅读 10% 10个题，每小题7.1分。

3、仔细阅读 20% 共2篇，一篇5个题，每小题14.2分。

四、翻译部分汉译英 15% =106.5分段落翻译答题时间30分钟，106.5分。

2017年12月英语六级考试真题及答案（第二套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Seek to understand others,and you will be understood " you can cite examples to ilustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200。

Part II Listening comprehension(30miutes)Section a Directions: in this section, you will hear two long conversations at the end of each comversation you will hear four questions. both the comversation and the questions will be spoken only once. afier you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b) cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet i with a single line through the centre.Questions1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard1.a)they reward businesses that eliminate food wastb)they prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stalec) they facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needyd) they forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed2. a)it imposed penalties on businesses that waste foodb)it passed a law aiming to stop overproductionC)it voted gainst food import from outside europed) it prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.3. a) it has warmed its people against possible food shortage.b) it has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foodsc)it has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.d) it has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.4 . a)the confusion over food expiration labels.b)the surplus resulting from overproductionc)americans' habit of buying food in bulkd)a lack of regulation on food consumptionQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. a) it has started a week-long promotion campaign.b)it has just launched its annual anniversary salesc) it offers regular weekend sales all the year roundd)it specializes in the sale of ladies designer dresses6. a)price reductions for its frequent customers.b)coupons for customers with bulk purchases.c)free delivery of purchases for senior customers.d) price adjustments within seven days of purchase.7. a)mail a gift card to her.b) allow her to buy on credic) credit it to her accountd) give her some coupons.8. a) refunding for goods returnedb) free installing of appliances.c)prolonged goods warranty.d)complimentary tailoringSection bDirections: in this section, you will hear two passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear Iree or four questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard9. a)they are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.b)they have more than twenty different hair texturesc)they have twenty-four different body shapes in totald)they represent people from virtually all walks of life.10. a)they do not reflect young girls aspirationsb)they are not sold together with the originalc) their flat feet do not appeal to adolescentsd) their body shapes have not changed much11. a)in toy storesb) in shopping malls.c)on the internetd)at barbie shops12. a )moveable metal type began to be used in printingb) chinese printing technology was first introducec)the earliest known book was publishedd) metal type was imported from korea13. a) it had more than a hundred printing presses.b)it was the biggest printer in the 16th century.c) it helped the german people become literate.d) it produced some 20 million volumes in total14. a)it pushed handwritten books out of circulation.b)it boosted the circulation of popular works.c)it made writing a very profitable career.d) it provided readers with more choices.15. a) it accelerated the extinction of the latin language.b) it standardized the publication of grammar books.c) turned translation into a welcome profession.d) it promoted the growth of national languagesSection cDirections: in this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. the recordings will be played only once. after you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, c and d)Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. a) they get bored after working for a period of time.b) they spend an average of one year finding a job.c)they become stuck in the same job for decades.d) they choose a job without thinking it through.17. a)see if there will be chances for promotion.b)find out what job choices are available.c)watch a film about ways of job hunting.d) decide which job is most attractive to you.18. a)the qualifications you have.b)the pay you are going to get.c)the culture of your target company.d) the work environment you will be in.19. a) it is as important as christmas for african-americans.b) it is a cultural festival founded for african-americans.c) it is an ancient festival celebrated by african-americans.d) it is a religious festival celebrated by african-americans20. a)to urge african-americans to do more for society.b) to call on african-americans to worship their godsc) to help african-americans to realize their goals.d) to remind african-americans of their sufferings.21. a)faith in self-determinationb)the first fruits of the harvestc) unity and cooperative economicsd creative work and achievement.22. a)they recite a principleb)they take a solemn oathc)they drink wine from the unity cupd) they call out their ancestors' names.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard23. a) it is one of the world's most healthy diets.b) it contains large amounts of dairy products.c)it began to impact the world in recent years.d) it consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.24. a) it involved 13, 000 researchers from asia, europe and america.b) it was conducted in seven mid-eastern countries in the 1950sc) it is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.d)it has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.25. a) they care much about their health.b) they eat foods with little fat.c)they use little oil in cookingd) they have lower mortality ratesPart III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The pacific island nation of palau has become home to the sixth largest marineworld. the new marine reserve, now the largest in the pacific, will--26-- no fishing or mining. Palau also established the world, first shark sanctuary in 2009.The tiny island nation has set aside 500,000 square kilometres-80 percent -of its maritime --27--, for full protection, that's the highest percentage of an--28 --economic zone devoted to remaining 20 percent of the palau seas will be reserved for local fishing by individuals and small-scale-- 29-- fishing businesses with limited exports."island--30--have been among the hardest hit by the threats facing theocean, "said president.Tommy remengesau jr in a statement. "creating this sanctuary is a bold move that the people of palau recognise as 31 to our survival. we want to lead the way in restoring the health of the occan for future generationPalau has only been an_ 32 nation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmental protection. it is home to one of the world's finest marine ecosystems, with more than 1,300 species of fish and 700 species of coral.Senator hokkons baules lead33 of the palau national marine sanctuary act, said the sanctuary willhelp build a- 34future for the palauan people by honoring the conservation traditions of our past". these include the centuries-old custom of"", where leaders would call a temporary stop to fishing for key species in order to give fish 35 an opportunity to replenish(补充).a)allocate b) celebrities c)commercial d)communitiese）essential f）exclusive g)independent h) indulgei)permit j)secure k) solitary L)spectaclem)sponsor n)stocks o)temitoryData sharing: an open mind on open date[ A] It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make research data, software code and experimental methods publicly available and transparent. a spirit of openness is gaining acceptance in the science community, and is the only way, say advocates, to address a'crisis' incience whereby too few findings are successfully reproduced. furthermore, they say, it is the best way for researchers to gather the range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to identify large-scale trends.[B] the open-data shift poses a confusing problem for junior researchers. on the one hand,the drive to share is gathering official steam. since 2013, global scientific bodies have begun to back politics that support increased public access to reseach.on the other hand,scientists disagree about how much and when they should share date,and they debate whether sharing it is more likely to accelerate science and make it more robust, or to introduce vulnerabilities and problems.as more journals and make it more robust,or to introduce vulnerabilities and problems.as more journal and funders adopt data-sharing requirements, and as a growing number of enthusiasts call for more openness, junior researchers must find their place between adopters and those who continue to hold out, even as they strive to launch their own careers.[C] one key challenge facing young scientists is how to be open without becoming scientifically vulnerable. they must determine the risk of jeopardizing a job offer or a collaboration prosal from those who are wary of-or unfamiliar with -open science. and they must learn How to capitalize on the movement's benefits such as opportunities for more citations and a way to build a reputation without the need for conventional metrics, such as publication in high-impact journals.[D]some fields have embraced open data more than others. researchers in psychology, a field rocked by findings of irreproducibility in the past few years, have been especially vocal sup-porters of the drive for more-open science.A few psychology journals have created incentives to increase interest in repar open science. a few psychology journals have created incentives porters of the drive for me lucible science -for example, by affixing an",badge to articles that clearly state where data are available. according to social psychologist brian nose executive director of the center for open science, the average data-sharing rate for the journal Psychological science, which uses the badges, increased tenfold to 38% from 2013 to 2015.[E] funders, too, are increasingly adopting an open-data policy .several strongly ergement,and some require,a date-management plan that makes data available .The us national science foundation is among these, some philanthropic (慈善的) funders, including the bill Gates foundation in seattle, washington, and the wellcome trust in london, alopen data from their grant recipients.[F]but many young researchers, especially those who have not been mentored in open science .are uncertain about whether to share or to stay private.Graduate students and postdoes,who often are working on their lab head's grant may have no choice if their supervisor or another senior opposes sharing.[G] some fear that the potential impact of sharing is too high, especially at the early stages of a career." Everybody has a scary story about someone getting scooped(被抢先),” says new York university astronomer david hogg. those fears may be a factor in a lingering hesitation to share data even when publishing in journals that mandate it.[H] researchers at small labs or at institutions focused on teaching arguably have the most to lose when sharing hard-won data. ""with my institution and teaching load, i don't have postdocs and grad students", says terry mcglynn, a tropical biologist at california state university,Dominguez hills. "the stakes are higher to share data because it's a bigger fraction of hats happening in my lab.[I] researchers also point to the time sink that is involved in preparing data for others to view.Once the data and associated materials appear in a repository(存储库 ), answering questions and handling complaints can take many hours.[J]the time investment can present other problems. in some cases, says data scientist karthik Ram, it may be difficult for junior researchers to embrace openness when senior colleagues many of whom head selection and promotion teesht ridicule what they may view as misplaced energies. "i've heard this recently -that embracing the idea of open datad code makes traditional academics uncomfortable, "says ram. "the concem seems to be that open advocates don't spend their time being as productive as possible."[ K]an open-science stance can also add complexity to a collaboration. kate ratliff, who studies social attitudes at the university of florida, gainesville, says that it can seem as if there are two camps in a field-those who care about open science and those who don't . " there a new area to navigate-'are you cool with the fact that i'll want to make the data open?'-when talking with somebody about an interesting research idea, "she says.[L] despite complications and concerns, the upsides of sharing can be significant. for example,when information is uploaded to a repository, a digital object identifier(DOI)is assigned.Scientists can use a DOT to publish each step of the research life cycle, not just the final paper. In so doing, they can potentially get three citations- one each for the data and software.in addition to the paper itself. and although some say that citations for software or data have little currency in academia,they can have other benefits.[M]many advocates think that transparent data procedures with a date and time stamp will protect scientists from being scooped. "this is the sweet spot between sharing and getting credit for it. while discouraging plagiarism(剽窃). " says ivo grigorov, a project coordinator at the naional institute of aquatic resotResearch secreta - in charlottenlund, denmark. hogg says that scooping is less of a problem than many think. "the two cases i'm familiar with didn't involve open data or code, "he says.[N]Open science also offers junior researchers the chance to level the palying field by gaining better access to crucial date. ross mounce, a postdoc studyingevolutionary biology at the university of cambrige,UK, is a vocal champion of open science, partly because his fossil others' data. he says that more openness in science could help to discourage what some perceive as a commom practice of shutting out early-career scientists' requests for data.[O]communication also helps for those who worry about jeopardizing a collaboration, he says,Concems about open should be discussed at the outset of a study. "whenever you start a project with someone, you have to establish a clear understanding of expectations for who owns the data, at what point they go public and who can do what with them, he says.[p] in the end, sharing data, software and materials with colleagues can help an early -career researcher to gain recognition--a crucial component of success. "the thing you are searching for reputation" says titus brown,a genomics(基因组学) researcher at the university of Califomia, davis,."to get grants and jobs you have to be relevant and achieve some level of public recognition. anything you do that advances your presence- especially in a largerphere, outside the communities you know- is a net win."36.astronomer david hogg doesn't think scooping is as serious a problem as generally thought.37. some researchers are hesitant to make their data public for fear that others might publish something similar before them38. some psychology joumals have offered incentives to encourage authors to share their data.39. there is a growing demand in the science community that research data be open to the public.40. sharing data offers early-career researchers the chance to build a certain level of reputation41. data sharing enables scientists to publish each step of their research work, thus leading to more citations42.scientists hold different opinions about the extent and timing of data sharing43.potential problems related to data sharing should be made known to and discussed by all participants at the beginning of a joint research project44. sharing data and handling data-related issues can be time-consuming45. junior researehers may have no say when it comes to sharing data.Section cDirections: there are 2 passages in this section. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c)and D) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the beginning of the movie, robot, a robot has to decide whom to save after two cars plunge into the water-del spooner or a child. even though spooner screams"save her save her! "the robot rescues him because it calculates that he has a 45 percent chance of survival compared to sarah's 11 percent. the robot's decision and its calculated approach raise an important question:would humans make the same choice? and which choice would we want our robotic counterparts to make?Isaac asimov evaded the whole notion of morality in devising his three laws of robotics, which hold that 1. robots cannot harm humans or allow humans to come to harm; 2. robots must obey humans, except where the order would conflict with law i; and 3. robots must act in self-preservation, unless doing so conflicts with laws i or 2. these laws are programmed into asimov's robots-they don' t have to think, judge, or value. they don't have to like humans or believe that wrong or bad. they simply don't do it.The robot who rescues spooner s life in / robot follows asimov's zeroth law: robots cannot harm humanity(as opposed to individual humansor allow humanity to come to harm--an expansion of the first law that allows robots to determine what's in the greater good. under the first law,a robot could not harm a dangerous gunman, but under the zeroth law, a robot could kill the gunman to save others.Whether it's possible to program a robot with safeguards such as asimov's laws is debatable a word such as"harm"is vague (what about emotional harm is replacing a human employ harm), and abstract concepts present coding problems. the robots in asimov's fiction expose complications and loopholes in the three laws, and even when the laws work, robots still have to assess situation.Assessing situations can be complicated. a robot has to identify the players, conditions, and possibe outcomes for various scenarios,Its doubtful that a computer program can do that-aleast, not without some undesirable results. a roboticist at the bristol robotics laboratory programmed a robot to save huroxies(5) called""from danger. when one h-boheaded for danger, the robot successfully pushed it out of the way. but when two h-bots became percent of the time, unable to decide which to save and letting them both"die. "the experiment highlights the importance of morality without it, how can a robotdecide whom to save or what's best for humanity, especially if it can't calculate survival odds?46. what question does the example in the movie raise?a) whether robots can reach better decisionsb) whether robots follow asimov's zero"d) how robots should be programmed.47. what does the author think of asimovs three laws of robotics?a) they are apparently divorced from reality.b)they did not follow the coding system of robotics.c)they laid a solid foundation for robotics.d) they did not take moral issues into consideration.48. what does the author say about asimov's robots?a they know what is good or bad for human beingsb)they are programmed not to hurt human begingsc)they perform duties in their owners'best interest.d)they stop working when a moral issue is involved.49. what does the author want to say by mentioning the word"harm"in asimov's laws?a)abstract concepts are hard to program.b) it is hard for robots to make decisionsc) robots may do harm in certain situationsd) asimov's laws use too many vague terms50. what has the roboticist at the bristol robotics laboratory found in his experiment.a）robots can be made as intelligent as human begings some dayb) robots can have moral issues encoded into their programc)robots can have trouble making decisions in complex scenarion.d)robots can be programmed to perceive potential perils.PassageTwoQuestions 5i to 55 are based on the following passage.Our world now moves so fast that we seldom stop to see just how fast we seldom stop to see just how far wu have come in just a few year.The latest iPone 6s,for example,has a dual-core proccssor and fite nicely into your pocket. by comparison, you would expect to find a technological specification like this on your tandard laptop in an office anywhere in the world.its no wonder shat new applications for the internet of things are moving ahcad fast when almost every new decice we buy has a plup on the eng of it or a wireless connection to the internet. Soon, our current smartphone lifestyle wilate our own smart home lifestyle too.All researches agree that close to 25 billion devices,things and sensors will be connected by 2020 which incidentally is also the moment that millennials(千禧一代) are expected to make up of our overall workforce, and the fully connected home . become a reality for large umbers of people worldwide.However this is just the tip of the proverbial iceberg as smart buildings and even cities increasingly become the norm as leaders and business owners begin to wake up to the massive savings that technology can deliver through connected sensors and new forms of automation coupled with ligent energy and facilities managemen.Online security cameras, intelligent lighting and a wealth of sensors that control both temperature and air quality are offering an unprecedented level of control, efficiency, and improvements to hat were once classed necessary costs when running a business or managing a large building.We can expect that the ever-growing list of devices, systems and environments remain connected,always online and talking to each other. the big benefit will not only be in the housing of this enormous and rapidly growing amount of data, but will also be in the ability to run real time data analytics to extract actionable and ongoing knowledge.The biggest and most exciting challenge of this technology is how to creatively leverage this ever-growing amount of data to deliver cost savings, improvements and tangible benefits to both businesses and citizens of these smart citiesThe good news is that most of this technology is already invented. let's face it, it wasn't too long ago that the idea of working from anywhere and at anytime was some form of a distant utopim(乌托邦式的) dream, and yet now we can perform almost any office-based task from any location in the world as long as we have access to the internet.it's time to wake up to the fact that making smart buildings, cities and homes will dramatically improve our quality of life in the years ahead.51.What does the example of iphone 6s serve to show?a)the huge capacity of the smartphones people now useb)the widespread use of smartphones all over the worldc)the huge impact of new technology on people's everyday life.d)the rapid technological progress in a very short period of time52. what can we expect to see by the year 2020?a)apps for the internet of thingsb) the popularization of smart homes.c)the emergence of millennialsd)total globalization of the world53. what will business owners do when they become aware of the benefits of the internet of things?a）employ fewer workers in their operationsb)gain automatic control of their businessec) invest in more smart buildings and citiesd)embrace whatever new technology there is54. what is the most exciting challenge when we possess more and more data?a) how to turn it to profitable usec)how to link the actionable systemsb)how to do real time data analysisd)how to devise new ways to store it.55. what does the author think about working from anywhere and at anytime?a)it is feasible with a connection to the internetb) it will thrive in smart buildings, cities and homesc) it is still a distant utopian dream for ordinary workersd)it will deliver tangible benefits to both boss and workerPart IVTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from chinese into English. you should write your answer on answer sheet 2.洞庭湖位于湖南省东北部，面积很大，但湖水很浅。

大学英语四级段落翻译评分标准与技巧解析

大学英语四级段落翻译评分标准与技巧解析作者：岳淑珍来源：《现代经济信息》2016年第28期摘要：大学英语四级的考试题型，自1987年以来，变化频繁。

2013年12月，全国大学英语四级考试的翻译题，改为了段落翻译。

其难度系数加大，对参加大英四级考试的考生的英语综合运用能力要求更高了。

同时也对从事大学英语翻译教学的任课教师提出了挑战。

本文希望从翻译题型的评分标准入手，探究翻译技巧，以求达到使学生在翻译这一部分少丢分，得高分的目的。

关键词：大学英语四级；段落翻译；评分标准；翻译技巧中图分类号：H319 文献识别码：A 文章编号：1001-828X（2016）028-000-02一、大英四级段落翻译评分标准从2013年12月开始，全国大学英语四级考试的翻译题型有句子翻译变为段落翻译（汉译英）。

此部分是测试考生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力，所占分值比例为15%。

四级段落翻译长度为140-160个汉字。

内容包括经济、历史、文化等各个方面，要求完成的时间为30分钟。

该题满分设为15分，评分档分为6个。

在阅卷过程中，对考试段落翻译译文中的拼写，单词运用，语法等错误进行量化，扣分，最终给出考试的得分。

其具体分数档和评分标准如下：第一档：13-15分15分：有2处不明.v的小错（冠词、单复数、时态、介词、用词不贴切等）14分：有5处不明.v的小错（冠词、单复数、时态、介词、用词不贴切等）13分：有7处不明.v的小错（冠词、单复数、时态、介词、用词不贴切等）第二档：10-12分12分：有一个严重错句11分：有3处明显语言错句10分：有4处明显语言错误第三档：7-9分9分：5个句子正确或基本正确8分：4个句子正确或基本正确7分：3个句子正确或基本正确第四档：4-6分6分：内容基本表达，有两个句子正确5分：一个句子正确4分：没有一个正确句子，但有三个句子有小错第五档：1-3分3分：内容基本表达，但所有句子都有错误和严重错误。

文言文翻译技巧(萧风重组)

文言文翻译
P203
• 【考纲聚焦】《考试大纲》规定：考生须理解并翻译文中的句子，其能力层级为B级。
• 【考点阐释】文言文翻译是考查考生文言文阅读能力最直接、最有效的方式，一直以来是高考文言阅读的重点。因而，我们有必要加强文言文翻译能力的培养，掌握一些基本的文言文翻译技巧，以便更好地驾御这一题型。
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文言句子翻译的方法
1、留（保留法）
保留古今意义完全相同的专有名词，如国号、年号、帝号、官名、地名、人名、朝代名、器物名、书名、度量衡单位等。
2017/4/17
9
例1：“《水经》云：彭蠡之口有石钟山焉。郦元以为下临深潭……”
例2：“元封七年六月丁丑，余自齐安舟行适临汝。”
【分析】句中“清洁”是两个词，“清”是“清廉、公正”之意， “洁”是“廉洁”之意，而现代汉语中的“清洁”是“没有尘土、污垢等”之意。译文：到任以后，高祖赞赏他清廉
2.关注“倒装”现象，适当移位调整
• 例2.（2010年天津卷）母归，但见女抱挺树眠，亦不之虑。
答案：后母回来，只见女儿抱着院子里的树睡觉，也就不再怀疑她了。
译文：（我）派遣将领把守函谷关的原因，是（为了）防备其他盗贼进来和意外的变故啊。
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3、调（调位法）
由于古今语法的演变，有的句型表达方式有所不同，翻译时，应按现代汉语的语法习惯及时调整。包括：主谓倒装、宾语前置、定语后置、状语后置等。
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例：蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强，上食埃土，下．．饮黄泉，用心一也。译文：蚯蚓（虽然）没有锋利的爪牙，强健的筋骨，（但是能够）向上吃到黄土，向下喝到黄泉，（是由于）用心专一的缘故。

2017年上半年全国PRETCO试卷分析(A级)

2017年6月高等学校英语应用能力考试A级试卷分析（2017年6月）Part ISection C11-15题评分细则：每题1分，得分为0分、0.5分、1分；答对部分得0.5分。

案例分析：13．正确答案：followed（1分）14．正确答案：permits（1分）15．正确答案：concerning（1分）Section D评分细则：每题1分，得分为0分、0.5分、1分；部分答对得0.5分；若有拼写错误但尚能辨认，酌情扣0.5分或不扣分；填写超过三个词不给分。

18．正确答案：at home (1分）点评：这两部分是测试学生通过听来理解英语短文能力的题。

试卷中对该题有很明确的指示说明，学生只需要认真阅读说明，或者通过录音提示，就能正确地按照要求解答该题。

听力理解能力与词汇量、语法知识、阅读理解能力、阅读速度、背景知识以及一个人的记忆能力都有着密切的关系，其中阅读理解能力尤为重要。

较强的阅读理解能力是听力理解、尤其是类似该题的短文的听力理解的必备条件。

实践证明，在各类英语考试中，绝大部分听力得分高的考生，其他各项的成绩也很优秀。

短文听力理解题正确的解题步骤:一、捕捉大意。

在听的过程中，不要回想或考虑没有听清的细节或没有听懂的词句，否则会影响听下面的内容。

二、带着问题听。

听的目的就是弄明白该问题要考什么，然后快速捕捉有关信息并做出正确答案。

因此，如果有个别单词听不懂也不必过于担心。

三、综合所听到的内容。

相互关联的内容容易记住，比如，如果听的是小故事，那么可以根据故事发生的时间顺序，把人物、情节联系起来记。

如果听到的是其他类型的短文，要注意听出主题句和论述、说明主题的论据。

四、边听边记。

在可能的情况下，用单词的前两、三个字母或中英文符号记下主题、论据、重要的人句、地名、数字、时间。

做笔记时要记录一些重要的数据和重复率较高的词，这样回答问题就不用单纯靠记忆。

Part II Section B评分细则：每题1分，得分为0分、1分。

高考语文答题技巧2017_高中语文万能答题模板

高考语文答题技巧2017_高中语文万能答题模板面对题量大、阅读量大、手写量大的高考语文试题，掌握一些答题技巧，对考生是有好处的。

下面是小编给大家带来的高考语文答题技巧2017，希望对你有帮助。

高考语文答题技巧一拿到试卷先全面浏览语文学科是高考的首场考试，时间长，题量大。

张胜老师说，语文考试第一个需要注意的考场技巧是拿到卷子后，先总览全卷。

一看试卷有无残缺不清问题;二看诗歌大阅读的标题与作者，若没见过，则暗示题型绝对不会偏、难、怪，这是经验，也是惯例;三看作文命题，题型一定在训练范围之中，命题型、话题型、材料型、材料+命题型等。

立意一定是在自己与自己、自己与他人、自己与自然的思辨、伦理讨论范畴之中。

看一眼作文命题，是为了缩小思考范围，心中有底。

若有好感，便放手从头做起;若无好感，便提醒自己，控制好解题速度，留足写作时间，保作文方不失大局。

高考语文答题技巧二做客观选择题不死抠客观选择题一般设置的分值为30分。

张胜老师认为，考生完全可以在25分钟左右完成，最多不要超过30分钟。

力争一气呵成，见难不纠缠，不死抠，宁可放弃也不停留。

答题后，不轻改，不动摇，除非有绝对把握要改正，一律以第一判断为标准。

在一一分析后，张老师指出，前四题12分的基础知识题是开场题，第一题的字音字形和第三题的病句辨析，可能会让个别考生突然发蒙，以致影响整个心情，要有心理预防。

9分的社科文阅读关键是对有效信息的认真比对，不宜花费太多时间，对付它的最好办法是坚持一口气读下来，中间别翻翻停停。

9分的文言阅读，第一题考查文言实词解析，另外两题都是阅读理解。

最常错的往往是最后一题的内容概括，解题时注意看以下几个设题思路：人物交错、地点交错、时间交错、事件交错、评价交错。

高考语文答题技巧三10分的翻译题得分较容易高考语文试题中有10分的翻译题，如果考生掌握了得分点，比较容易得分。

得分点首先就是这几个重要的文言词语，往往是一词一分，一字一分;其次才是大意正确，符合现代汉语的表达特点。

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六、分译与合译
1.合译法
许多西方人会选咖啡。而中国人则会选茶。
（2013.12四级真题）
Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea 秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄。人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收。（2016.12四级真题） When the crops ripen in autumn, the fields will grow golden-yellow and people will cheerfully celebrate the harvest.
2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。（2014.06四级真题）
After the accident of Japan’s nuclear plant in
March 2011, the exploration of nuclear power in China has been suspended. China also halted/stopped approving new nuclear power stations and a nationwide safety inspection for
形合
象形文字汉藏语系
意合
2013年12月6级真题：中国园林这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。 These gardens have constituted a miniature that is designed to express the harmony between man and nature.
2.分译法
• 孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，被尊称为古代的“圣人” （sage）。 Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient “sage” • 如今，很多年轻人不再选择“稳定”的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。（u1 b3) Nowadays, many young people no longer choose “stable” jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts
大学英语四、六级考试
翻译题型
新改革后翻译题型:段落翻译（汉译英）
测试学生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力。
分值比例： 15% 考试时间： 30分钟
内容：中国历史、文化、经济、社会
长度：四级：140-160个汉字；六级：180-200个汉字
大学英语四六级考试翻译评分标准
档次 13-15分 10-12分 7-9分 4-6分 1-3分 0分评分标准译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思。未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关。
人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里。（2016.12四级真题）
Cash is usually put in small red envelopes/packets as gifts to relatives or close friends
从它形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。（U1B4） From the time it came into being to the present,
翻译解题思路：
一.通读整个段落
二.判断每个句子的句型及主谓结构
三.做题
四.检查修改
翻译的七大技巧
翻译的七大技巧：一、增词
1.增加连词虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.
三、词性转换
她的书给我们的印象很深。
Her book impressed us deeply.
中国书法艺术的形成、发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系。
The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters.
那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。（2016.12四级真题）
The color was exclusively used by the emperors then: all the royal palaces were all painted yellow and the dragon robes were always yellow. The civilians, however, were banned from wearing yellow clothes. 乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。（2016.06四级真题）
2010年，中国约有4.2亿网民（ 2014.12四级真题）
2010, China about have 420 million netizens
There were about 420 million netizens in China in 2010
英、汉两种语言对比
英语汉语
拼音文字印欧语系
中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的艺术，是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰宝。
Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world.
2011年，中国超越日本成为第二大经济体。
（2015.06四级真题）
该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的（2014.06四级真题）
This percentage ranks the 30th in the list of
countries with nuclear power, and this figure is
almost the least/lowest.
all nuclear stations were carried out.
在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福，在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。（2016.12四级真题）
Generally, the color of red usually symbolizes good fortune，longevity and happiness in Chinese culture. It can be found everywhere during Chinese Spring Festival and other joyous /festive occasions。
it has played an invaluable role in the construction of
national spirit, the transmission of national wisdom,
and the development of national culture.
3.in Wuzhen are built of stone and wood.
五、语序变换
创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。（Unit1.book3）
Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading
China’s economy 丽江地处云南省西北部，境内多山
In 2011, China overtook Japan and became the world’s second largest economy.
2.增加主语
不研究《论语》，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化.
• Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years’ traditional Chinese culture.
以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎（U3B4）
As represented by the promising Ecommerce, the Internet economy has become a strong driving force for the
economic development.
二、减词
• 这是革命的春天，这是人民的春天，这是科学的
春天!让我们张开双臂，热烈拥抱这个春天吧! Let us stretch out our arms to embrace the spring, which is one of the revolution, of the people, and of science.