高三英语宾语补足语的用法
高中英语语法宾语补足语
宾语补足语讲解一、定义宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。
二、句子结构是主+谓+宾+宾补三、两种结构1. 主表型：1) make our country beautiful (adjective)2) call him Lao Li (noun)3) find sb. out (adv.)4) find sb. at home (Prep. phrase)2. 主谓型：1) ask sb. to do sth.〔有to 不定式〕2) have sb. do sth. 〔无to 不定式〕3) see sb. doing sth. 〔现在分词〕4) have sth. done. 〔过去分词〕四、什么动词后可有宾语补足语1. 在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有：consider, think, believe, discover,find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。
这类动词后的不定式通常是"to be+形容词或名词"结构，think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。
如：We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
He proved that theory (to be) very important.他证明那个理论是很重要的。
I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好，很老实。
2. 在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有：love, like, prefer, hate, want,wish, expect等。
如：I'd prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打搅他。
I don't want there to be any trouble.我不想有任何麻烦。
理解语法细节宾语补足语的种类与常见结构
理解语法细节宾语补足语的种类与常见结构语法中的宾语补足语是承担宾语功能的补充语，用来进一步说明宾语或者完成谓语动词的含义。
它是英语语法中一个重要的细节，熟练掌握它的种类和常见结构对于提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性至关重要。
本文将介绍宾语补足语的种类以及常见的结构。
1. 形容词性宾语补足语形容词性宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的特征或状态的。
常见的结构有：- 动词 + 宾语 + 形容词：The teacher found the lecture boring.（老师觉得讲座很无聊。
）- 动词 + 宾语 + 不定式：They made him promise to come back.（他们让他答应会回来。
）2. 名词性宾语补足语名词性宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的身份、职业、身体状况等信息的。
常见的结构有：- 动词 + 宾语 + 名词：We consider her a reliable friend.（我们认为她是可靠的朋友。
）- 动词 + 宾语 + 不定式：I find it hard to believe.（我发现很难相信。
）3. 副词性宾语补足语副词性宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的程度或方式的。
常见的结构有：- 动词 + 宾语 + 副词：They painted the wall white.（他们把墙涂成了白色。
）- 动词 + 宾语 + 介词短语：She kept the door open.（她把门保持着敞开。
）4. 不定式宾语补足语不定式宾语补足语是以不定式形式出现的宾语补足语，常见的结构有：- 动词 + 宾语 + 不定式：They want you to leave.（他们想让你离开。
）- 动词 + 宾语 + 介词短语 + 不定式：We persuaded him to go with us.（我们说服他和我们一起去。
）5. 介词短语宾语补足语介词短语宾语补足语是用来进一步说明宾语的位置、方向、时间等信息的。
什么是宾语补足语
什么是宾语补足语？宾语补足语（Object Complement）是一种用于补充宾语的词语、短语或从句，用来进一步说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。
宾语补足语通常跟在及物动词或使役动词后面，用于补充、说明或修饰宾语。
下面是一些常见的宾语补足语及其用法：1. 形容词宾语补足语：-形容词宾语补足语用于描述或修饰宾语的状态或特征。
- I find the movie interesting.（我觉得这部电影有趣。
）- They elected him president.（他们选举他为总统。
）2. 名词宾语补足语：-名词宾语补足语用于进一步说明宾语的身份、职业、状态等。
- They named the baby Lily.（他们给宝宝取名叫莉莉。
）- We consider him a friend.（我们认为他是一个朋友。
）3. 介词短语宾语补足语：-介词短语宾语补足语用于提供关于宾语位置、方向、时间等方面的信息。
- They painted the house white.（他们把房子涂成了白色。
）- She made a cake for her mother.（她给她妈妈做了一个蛋糕。
）4. 不定式宾语补足语：-不定式宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的目的、目标或意图。
- I want to make you happy.（我想让你开心。
）- He asked her to help him.（他要求她帮助他。
）5. 从句宾语补足语：-从句宾语补足语用于提供更详细的信息或解释宾语的内容。
- I believe that he is innocent.（我相信他是无辜的。
）- They knew what had happened.（他们知道发生了什么事情。
）宾语补足语在句子中起到进一步说明、补充或修饰宾语的作用，使句子更加丰富和准确。
正确使用宾语补足语可以使语言更加地道和自然。
通过大量的阅读和实践，可以更好地掌握宾语补足语的用法，并使英语表达更加准确、恰当和流畅。
(完整版)英语宾语补足语用法详解
Contents英语宾语补足语用法详解 (2)一、概念 (2)二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 (2)三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3)典例精析： (4)英语宾语补足语用法详解一、概念分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。
具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。
先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。
宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。
有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。
句型：及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./to do/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种表示法)该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。
例如：A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.此句中smoking是主语he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。
二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语分词作主语(宾语)补足语时，若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动；如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。
例如：He was heard singing in the next room.He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词singing。
One of the glasses was found broken.One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词broken。
英语中的宾语补足语
英语中的宾语补足语答：在英语中，为了使句子意思表达更加完整，在某些及物动词的宾语后面加上补充说明宾语的成分，称为宾语补足语。
其句型为：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
充当宾语补足语的可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语和非谓语动词。
一、常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call，name，make，think等。
如：We should spare no efforts to make our country a developed country.二、常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep，make，keep，leave，find等，形容词作宾语补足语用于说明宾语的性质、状态或特征等。
如：You’d better leave the door open and let the fresh air in.三、副词作宾语补足语用来说明宾语所处的位置、状态等。
如：Please keep the fire on for a few more minutes.四、常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep，find，leave，make等。
如：I left my pen on my desk at home.五、非谓语主要分为v-ing，done和to do 三种形式1.常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：感官动词see，watch，hear，notice，discover，feel，find等，使役动词have，get，leave，keep等后可以跟表示动作性质的现在分词作补足语，表示看见、注意到、发现某人正在做某事和让某人一直做某事。
如：In the country，we can hear birds singing.Don’t keep the child working on his lesson all day.2.接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask，tell，want，teach，advise，allow，persuade，warn，cause，require，encourage等；有些感官动词和使役动词，如：see，watch，hear，feel，notice，observe，make，have，let等。
宾语补足语七种类型英语举例
宾语补足语七种类型英语举例
宾语补足语是英语语法中的一种重要结构，它通常在动词和宾语之间添加一个形容词或副词来进一步描述宾语的状态或行为。
以下是七种常见的宾语补足语类型及其英语举例：
形容词作宾语补足语：
例句：I painted the house blue.（我把房子涂成蓝色。
）
副词作宾语补足语：
例句：He put the book back on the shelf.（他把书放回到书架上。
）介词短语作宾语补足语：
例句：I found the book on the table.（我在桌子上找到了这本书。
）动词不定式作宾语补足语：
例句：She asked me to help her with the task.（她让我帮她完成任务。
）
现在分词作宾语补足语：
例句：They saw the boys playing football.（他们看到男孩们在踢足球。
）
过去分词作宾语补足语：
例句：I heard the door locked.（我听到门被锁上了。
）
名词作宾语补足语：
例句：We elected him president.（我们选他为总统。
）
这些是七种常见的宾语补足语类型，每种都有不同的用法和特点。
理解这些结构可以帮助更好地掌握英语语法。
2024届高考英语复习宾语补足语学案
宾语补足语宾语补足语的定义：宾语补足语指在英语中有些及物动词接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，简称宾补。
需要宾语补足语的动词有以下几类：第一类 使役动词使役动词表示“让”，“使”，所接的宾补多为动词不定式或过去分词，这类动词主要有have 、let 、get 、make 、leave 和keep 。
1. have 的用法 使...做某事，省略to 作宾补，宾补的动作一般尚未发生。
使/让.....持续地做，现在分词表主动，动作正在并且持续进行。
【注意】have sb. doing 若用于否定句中，其中have 有“容忍”之意。
+ done 使...被做 宾语是宾补动作的承受者。
例句：Mother ___________ (have) me go to the shop ___________ buy some salt when I was six. He had the light _____________ (burn) all night.I won’t have you ____________ (speak) to your dad like that.【即时演练】用所给动词的适当形式填空There's something wrong with my computer. I will have my computer (repair)． The girl had her hat (blow) on her way home.The boss has the workers (work) 14 hours a day.We had the machine (mend) just now.2. let 的用法让......做，省略to 作宾补，一般情况下作宾补的动作尚未发生。
+ be done 让...被做，宾语与宾补之间逻辑上是被动关系例句：have +Olet + ODon’t let your child play with matches. 别让你的孩子玩火柴。
高中英语宾语补足语用法总结
宾语补足语一、定义某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整。
宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、状态、身份或属类等。
宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
二、可作宾语补足语的形式不定式，现在分词，过去分词，名词，形容，副词，介词短语都能作宾语补足语。
eg：We made him our monitor.You should keep your room clean and tidy.We could hear the children playing outside.I left my pen on my desk at home.I saw the kite up and down.She often asks me to help her.三、常接宾语补足语的动词1. 常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。
eg：We must keep our classroom clean.I found the book very interesting.2. 常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：含命名意义的动词call, name, make, think等。
eg：We call them mooncakes.She found him a very clever boy.My mother looks so young that they would think her my sister3. 常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。
eg：I left my pen on my desk at home.I found everything in good condition.4. 动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程或即将发生的主动动作(1)常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish, expect, remind, warn, encourage, allow, order 等eg : sMy teacher told me to focus on my study.I expect my students to have made preparations for the mid-term examinations.(2)接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：一感二听三让四观看一感：feel二听：hear, listen to三让：let, have, make四观看：observe, see, watch, look at【注意】在被动语态中不带to的不定式前要补加上to）eg : Professor Zhang’s speech made us all laugh.I heard Justin put on his favorite CD.5. V-ing形式作宾语补足语,表示宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系,表示的是一个正在进行的主动动作。
高考英语专项语法宾语补足语
高考英语专项语法宾语补足语What is object complement, anyway?宾语补足语是位于宾语之后，说明宾语的状态、特征的成分，多由名词、形容词、副词、不定式，动名词和分词充当。
如: The sun keeps us warm.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.We call her Jenny.They found him out.Make yourself at home.They wish you to go with them.宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语一. 动词+宾语+宾语补足语1.感觉动词: feel, see2.含命令意义的动词: name, appoint3.have+宾语+宾语补足语4. find + 名词+n. /adj. /doing /done /adv. /介词短语5. make+ 宾语+ done/ n./adj./do6. keep A B( adj./done/prep. 使A处于B 状态7. leave sb./sth. to do/ doing/ done/ adj./adv./prep.二. with+宾语+宾补一. 动词+宾语+宾语补足语能带宾语补足语的动词一定是及物动词。
有以下几类：1. 感觉动词，如：see, observe, watch, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, feel 等其宾语补足语-ing形式vs. 动词原形He heard a distant voice shouting. 动作主动I saw him play basketball. 过程Did you see a car being driven away? 动作被动A: I often hear this song sung (sing), but I have never heard him __ sing (sing) it.B: Listen! I can hear him singing_ (sing) it now.1. I saw him come downstairs.He was seen _to come __ downstairs2. I saw him coming downstairs.He was seen ___coming___ downstairs.3. I noticed the classroom __cleaned___( clean).4. I saw him being beaten_(beat) by his father when I passed by.动词+宾语+宾语补足语(n./adj./doing/done/to be/介词短语)1. We are pleased to see the problem ______ so quickly.A. settledB. having been settledC. be settledD. settling2.When I came in, I saw Dr. Li _______ a patient.A. examineB. to examineC. examiningD. examined3. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _______the next) year.(NMET2000)A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried out D．to carry out2. 含命名意义的动词，如：call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等。
宾语补足语用法归纳精讲
宾语补足语用法归纳精讲宾语补足语是英语教学中的难点，也是高考的热点，更是书面表达中必须具备的一种句型结构。
下面小编就宾语补足语用法进行如下归纳，希望能帮助大家更好地认识宾语补足语的用法，提高英语水平。
Ⅰ.使役动词后宾语补足语的用法归纳中学教学中最常见的使役动词有：make， have， leave。
他们都表示“使得”，后面都可接宾语+宾语补足语的结构，但用法上有所不同。
一､make用作使役动词表示“使;使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词或名词､不带to的不定式､过去分词。
1. 我们推选他为我们足球队队长。
We made him captain of our football team.2. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。
The news that our team had won made us very happy.3. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.4. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。
The strange noise made us frightened.5. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。
He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.6. 什么东西使得草生长?What makes the grass grow?注意：过去分词作make的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态不用加to; 但当不定式作其宾补时，变为被动语态一定要加to。
这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.选择题：1. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning2. The result of the entrance exams was not made ____ to the public until last Thursday.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. to be known答案：1.B2.B二､have 表示“使得……”，其后接宾语补足语，常用以下句型：have sb. do sth.使得某人做某事have sb. doing sth.使得某人一直做某事have sth. done使得某事被做填空：1. The teacher had her ____(recite) the text again.2. He wants to have his eyes ____(examine) tomorrow.3. Be careful，or you’ll have your hands ____(hurt).4. He had the girl ____(stand) in the classroom the whole morning.5. He had the walls ____(paint) this morning.答案：1.recite 2.examined 3.hurt 4.standing 5.painted只能用doing的情况1. 表示正在发生Be quick. They have the car waiting for you at the school gate.2. 否定句中表示(不能)容忍某人做……I won’t have him cheating in the exam.3. 表示某一时间内一直延续不断的动作He had us laughing all through the meals.选择､填空题：1. I’ve had my radio ____ so soon because my father had me ____ it. A. repair; done B. repaired; do C. repairing; do D. repaired; done2. You can’t have the horse ____ all the way. It’s too hot.A. runB. to runC. runningD. to be running3. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.A. itB. it repairedC. repairedD. to be repaired4. We will have you ____(know) that the machine has been made ____(work) at full speed.答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.know， to work三､leave作使役动词，表示“使/让……保持某种状态”。
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believe, think, get, keep, make, find, set, like, wish, see, consider, prove, have, leave, 以及paint, drive, turn, cut 等。 3、现在分词：
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face. At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.
一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有： 4、动词不定式：
Nobody could make him change his mind. Would you like me to come along with you? He believed the earth to be a globe. 5、过去分词： He watched the TV set carried out of the room. Last year they had their house rebuilt. When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood.
三、在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中，有些只能用现 在分词作宾语补足语；有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语；还有的动 词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：
1、只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop, smell, excuse 等。例如： She caught her son smoking a cigarette. His words started me thinking.
一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：
1、名词： We made him our monitor. They thought this good advice. They named their daughter Jenny.
注①：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有： call, name, elect, make, think, appoint, choose,
宾语补足语 的用法
英语的五个基本结构
S十V
主谓结构
S十V十P
主系表结构
S十V十O
主谓宾结构
S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2
主谓双宾结构
S十V十O十C
主谓宾补结构
说明：
S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；
O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；
C＝宾语补足语
1．S 十 V 句式 He runs quickly．他跑得快。 2．S 十 V 十 P 句式： The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。 3．S 十 V 十 O 句式 They built a house last year．他们去年建了一所房子。 4．S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 句式 He offered me his seat / his seat to me．他把座位让给我。 5．S 十 V 十 O 十 C 句式 They found her happy that day．他们发现那天她很高兴。 I found him out．我发现他出去了。 They named the boy Charlie．他们给这个男孩起名为查理。 I saw him come in and go out．我见他进来又出去。 They felt the car moving fast．他们感到汽车行驶得很快。 He found the door of study closed to him．他发现研究所的大 门对他关闭了。
二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：
3、当过去分词充当宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间 有着动宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动 作的承受者，如：
I once heard this song sung in Japanese. (This song was once sung in Japanese.) I didn’t want the children taken out in such weather. (The children were taken out in such weather.)
6．此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当 宾语补足语，如：
When do you want it back? Why didn’t you invite them in? We could hear the children at play outside.
二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：
1、当名词、形容词、副词和介词短语充当宾语补足语时， 它们和宾语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语， 则句意不完整。宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、 状态、身份或属类等。试比较：
find, consider, keep, wish, feel等。 注②：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独 一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：
They elected John chairman of the committee.
一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：
2、形容词： You should keep your room clean and tidy. We’d betterhim our monitor. (He is our monitor.) You should keep your room clean and tidy. (Your room is clean and tidy.) We could hear the children singing in the classroom. (The children are singing in the classroom.)