Paris

Paris —a romantic city巴黎—浪漫之都班级：09级师范五班组号：4组员：杞佳丽 222009310011139 仪尹 222009310011125李容 222009310011134刘友河 222009310011148石梅 222009310011124赵晓 299200910010006Outline:Paris---- a romantic city1.Introduction:2.Historic buildings2.1 The Early Period (12th century—17th century)2.1.1 Gothic architectureNotre-Dame Cathedral Musee du Louvre2.2 The Late period(18th - 19th century)2.2.1 New Era of BuildingsArc de TriompheMusee d’OrsayTour Eiffel3.Romantic elements of Paris3.1 Faint perfume3.2 art3.3 wine3.4 costume4.Conclusion1.Introduction:The high Eiffel Tower, the colorful streets, the beautiful river Seine, the glorious palaces, the romantic people, the old history … Paris is a great place to all people in the world because of its romance. As the capital of France, It is located in the northern French, the central basin, across the Seine river sides. Paris is a modern city with a long and rich history. And the French political, economic and cultural center. So many events took place here and there are so many places for the visitors to have a trip.2.Historic buildings of Paris2.1 The Early Period （12th century—17th century）2.1.1 Gothic ArchitectureNotre-Dame CathedralNotre Dame de Paris is a Gothic cathedral on the eastern half of the Île de la Cité in Paris, France, with its main entrance to the west. It is the cathedral of Paris and the seat of the Archbishop of that city. Notre Dame de Paris is widely considered one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture. It was restored and saved from destruction by Viollet-le-Duc, one of France's most famous architects. The name Notre Dame means "Our Lady" in French. Notre Dame de Paris was one of the first Gothic cathedrals, and its construction spanned the Gothic period. Its sculptures and stained glass show theheavy influence of naturalism, giving them a more secular look that was lacking from earlier Romanesque architecture.Notre Dame de Paris was among the first buildings in the world to use the flying buttress [arched exterior supports]. The building was not originally designed to include the flying buttresses around the choir and nave. After the construction began and the thinner walls (popularized in the Gothic style) grew ever higher, stress fractures began to occur as the walls pushed outward. In response, the cathedral's architects built supports around the outside walls, and later additions continued as such.The cathedral suffered desecration during the radical phase of the French Revolution in the 1790s, when much of its religious imagery was damaged or destroyed. During the 19th century, an extensive restoration project was completed, returning the cathedral to its previous state.Louvre MuseumThe Louvre Museum is the largest national museum of France. It is a central landmark of Paris, located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the 1st neighborhood. Nearly 35,000 objects from prehistory to the 19th century are exhibited over an area of 60,600 square meters.The museum opened on 10 August 1793 with an exhibition of 537 paintings, the majority of the works being confiscated church and royal property. Because of structural problems with the building, the museum was closed in 1796 until 1801. Holdings have grown steadily through donations and gifts since the Third Republic, except during the two World Wars. As of 2008, the collection is divided among eight departments: Egyptian Antiquities; Near Eastern Antiquities; Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities; Islamic Art; Sculpture; Decorative Arts; Paintings; and Prints and Drawings.2.2 The Late period(18th - 19th century)2.2.1 New Era of BuildingsEiffel Tower in ParisIntroduction：Eiffel Tower in Paris is an important tourist attraction of France. Designated as one of the 'Seven Wonders of the World', this tower attracts millions of tourists to this country every year. It is indeed one of the biggest and fantastic examples of human creation and creativity.HistoryEiffel Tower in Paris was built in the year 1889 as the entrance gate for the Exposition Universelle, a world fair, which was held in order to celebrate hundred years of the French Revolution. Initially, the people of the city greatly resisted the idea of buildingthis huge and magnificent tower. However today, the huge iron structure is the pride of the country and a glaring example of unique modern architecture.The tower was built by a gentleman, named Gustave Eiffel, after who it was named. DesignThe tower is located on the side of the River Seine. It is a huge puddle iron structure and is the tallest structure in the city. The tower is 320.75 m (1070 ft) high and weighs 7300 tons and has a total of 1660 stairs. One can go up the tower by means of an elevator. The towern is brown in color. On the fiorts floor there is a shopping and dinig center. Along with that,there are also a number of exhibits and displays . The second floor is the bets palce to take photograp[hs of the city of Paris. It offers a view of the entire city. There are two fanatstic restaurants in the tower., One is called Altitude 95 and the other one is called Jules Verne. These restaurants have bars also and they serve some of th most deliciousd and mouth watering gourmet delights to its visitiors. A large number of events are regularly held near the tower. During the new years celebrations another major events the entire tower is lighted which is a real treat for the eyes.Musée d' OrsayIntroduction：The Musée d'Orsay is a museum in Paris, France, on the left bank of the Seine. It is housed in the former Gare d'Orsay, an impressive Beaux-Arts railway station built between 1898 and 1900. The museum holds mainly French art dating from 1848 to 1915, including paintings, sculptures, furniture, and photography. It is probably best known for its extensive collection of impressionist and post-impressionist masterpieces (the largest in the world) by such painters such as Monet, Manet, Degas, Renoir, Cézanne, Seurat, Sisley, Gauguin and Van Gogh. Many of these works were held at the Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume prior to the museum's opening in 1986.HistoryThe museum building was originally a railway station, Gare d'Orsay, constructed for the Chemin de Fer de Paris àOrléans and finished in time for the 1900 Exposition Universelle to the design of three architects: Lucien Magne, Émile Bénard and Victor Laloux. It was the terminus for the railways of southwestern France until 1939.By 1939 ,the station's short platforms had become unsuitable for the longer trains that had come to be used for mainline services. After 1939 it was used for suburban services and part of it became a mailing centre during World War II. It was then used as a set for several films, such as Kafka's The Trial adapted by Orson Welles, and as a haven for the Renaud-Barrault Theatre Company and for auctioneers, while the Hôtel Drouot was being rebuilt. The station's hotel closed on 1 January 1973.The designThe work involved creating 20,000 sq. m. of new floorspace on four floors. The newmuseum was opened by President François Mitterrand on 1 December 1986.The square of the museum displays six bronze allegorical sculptural groups in a row, originally produced for the Exposition Universelle (1878):Arc de TriompheIntroduction：Arc de Triomphe is the most monumental of all triumphal arches in Paris . The Arch retains the essence of the original concept which was a powerful, unified ensemble. The triumphal arch is in honor of those who fought for France, in particular, those who fought during the Napoleonic Wars.HistoryThe Arc de Triomphe was built between 1806 and 1836. Commissioned in 1806 by Napoleon, shortly after his victory at Austerlitz, it was not finished until 1836. There are four huge relief sculptures at the bases of the four pillars. These commemorate The Triumph of 1810 (Cortot); Resistance , and Peace (both by Etex); and The Departure of the Volunteers, more commonly known by the name La Marseillaise (Rude).La Marseillaise by François Rude; One of four reliefs on the pillars of the Arch. The day the Battle of Verdun started in 1916, the sword carried by the figure representing the Republic broke off. The relief was immediately hidden to conceal the accident and avoid any undesired associations or interpretations as a bad omen.DesignThe Arc de Triomphe stands at the centre of the Place Charles de Gaulle, also known as the "Place de l'Étoile". It’s located at the western end of the Champs-Élysées. The arches whole decorative style is entirely of the tradition of sculpture from the first half of the nineteenth century.The Arc de Triomphe stands 49.5 m (162 ft) tall, 45 m (150 ft) wide and 22 m (72 ft) deep. The vault is 29.19 m (95.8 ft) high and 14.62 m (48.0 ft) wide. The smaller vault is 18.68 m (61.3 ft) high and 8.44 m (27.7 ft) wide.The astylar design is by Jean Chalgrin (1739–1811), in the Neoclassical version of ancient Roman architecture.2.Romantic elements of Paris3．1 Faint perfumeThe French perfume brand has long history .There are many kinds of world famous perfume in Paris. Why France’s perfume are well-known in the world? Because of the French woman doesn’t like shower, so they have to spray a few drops perfume to cover the body’s odor.The GuBoSi perfume is a symbol of identity and status. The most sweet must be the emperor at the palace. Greek also think perfume is the invention of the gods, the fragrance of smell means the gods come down and blessing.Such as Jiao Lan has hundreds of years of history and grade, quality, which becomethe European royal, noble's first choice. Another kind of perfume is called pink charm. It means enjoy, existence and growth of desire. It declared its own existence, the same with classic sign of strength. The brand-new perfume has pink exterior and delicate romance color. Pink charm represents ray, gentle and sensibility, it will wrap you in a comfortable fragrance. Really I is a special famous perfume launched in 1999.The fragrance of the bottles are design ed to reflect the person’s elegant body. It suits for person at any occasion. Christian Dior Kristin is an old French classic brand. it is a combination of skincare and cosmetics. It also has the fist class international experimental research center.There are many world famous brands perfume in Paris. i just mention some of them. those are beloved by the women all over the world. If a foreigner has the chance to travel to Paris, bringing a kind of perfume will be the best choice.3.2 Colorful ArtWe all know that Paris is very famous for its romantic culture. Apart from historic buildings, mellow wine, attractive perfume, colorful art is also one of the most imprtant elements which makes Paris to be an well-known international romantic city.In Paris ,there are over 400 museums in different scales, and in different themes, such as the antient eastern art, the antient Egyptian art, the antient Greece art, the French painting art, etc. The another feature of Paris’ art is that there are many large-scale art exhibitions. The International Art Fair is one of the most famous exhibition, it is the embodiment of the spirit of European fashion art. And there are so many galleries spread all over the place. The main works include oil paintings, sculptures, water colors, and prints.When it comes to art in Paris, we cannot forget the Impressionism. And then, we are going to mainly talk about the impressionism painting art in Paris.3.2.1 The Brief Introduction of the Impressionism Painting ArtImpressionism is one kind of art style which emanated from the center of European culture movement. In 1874, Claude Monet displayed one of his works, Impression ,soleil levant,on a painting salon, which means to fight against official solon. And this salon displayed abo ut 30 artists’ works. However, this painting salon was criticized by many people. And these artists were nicknamed ―the impressionists‖. Then those artists accepted this name. And before long, impressionism became one kind of international art style, which has profound influence. Besides painting, impressionism also refers to literature and music.3.2.2The Impressionism Representatives and Their MasterpiecesEdouard Monet (1832—1883), is one of the most famous impressionism representatives. Actually, Monet could not be count on impressionistic artist. He never joined in the impressionistic exhibitions( 8 times in total). The important feature of his artistic style is brief. Black color take the most important role in his works.Olympia, finished in 1863, and The Luncheon on the Grass, are the most famous two masterpieces of Monet. He has many renowned works, such as Piper juvenile (1866), Bouquet de pivoines,etc.The another representative is Claude Monet (1840—1926). He is the real impressionistic artist. He was regarded as the symbol of impressionism art. And he has many celebrated masterpieces: Impression ,soleil levant (1874), the group works --Meules, and Nympheas(1906), La Charretee sous laneige ahonfleur, La Cathedrale de Rouen(1894), and Eglise a Vetheuil.There are many impressionistic artists, such as Camille Pissarro(1830—1903), Edgar Degas(1834—1917), Pierre—Aguste Renoir(1841—1919), and there are two women artists:Berthe Molisot(1841—1895), and Mary Cassatt(1844—1926).Impressionism art takes a great part in artistic history. Paris, as the original place of impressionism, attracts many art-lovers to participate in the exhibitions of impressionistic paintings.On April 11st , 2011, an exhibition, called ―Paris, at the time of Impressionis m‖, was held at the City Hall in Paris, France，with 136 paintings from masters of Impressionism. So we claimed that art is one of the elements that makes Parisa international romantic city.3.3 special WineAs is known to us all, wine of France is extremely popular and famous at every corner of the world because of its special and delicious taste. There are different kinds of wine and taste in France. Bordeaux is the largest estate wine region in France. France has the oldest history of wine in all over the world. Along with the development of the history and civilazation of France, its wine culture grows and develops as well. It is permeating every aspect of French life such as religion, politics, culture, art, etc. To some degree, we can safely say tha t French can’t live without wine since it has influenced the life style and appeal, and so does the French romance. No matter you pick grapes with friends, or walk in vast plantations lonely, or even taste delicious wine with your lover, you can feel the air of French romance at every moment. Wine also plays an very vital role in the romantic city—Paris. Supposing that without Paris, what Paris would like? Wine enriches French people’s life , adding their sentiment. Wine gives them courage to express their emotion and love in a very more free and open way than others. Wine makes Paris become what it is—a romantic city.4.Conclusion:Beautiful Paris. for centuries this city has attracted the admiration of the world. theallure and charm of Paris captivate all who visit there. Paris is a incomparable city. "The French capital Paris is one of the top 10 cities in the world. People roaming the city left by the most profound impression is that it can both retain many world famous historical sites, and many magnificent modern buildings, "flowers" laudatory name. also has many world famous historic and artistic architecture. Paris, as the romantic, it deserves .Sources cited:1)HuangYu-An Analysis on Paris transformation in 19th Century，2007；2)ZhangYu-Secret of the Building Art in Old Paris，2005;3) Google ; Baidu4) ①《印象派画展重现巴黎城市改造之路》，新华网，/world/news/detail_2011_04/13/5711287_0.shtml，2011-5-23②《印象派绘画与印象派音乐》/06/0322/17/2CR96D1600061M84.html，2011-5-23③《印象派画传》（Biography of Impressionism with Picture Album）, 李行远著, 花山文艺出版社，2004年12月版。