英汉互译
一、翻译下列句子，注意句中划线词语的表达：
1.他把他的全部书籍都献给了图书馆。
He denoted all his books to the library.
2. 教师应当献身于教育事业。
He devoted all his life to the education.
3. 谨以本书献给徐教授以表敬慕和感激之情。
I dedicate this book to professor Xu to express my gratitude and
admiration.
4.我借一下你的自行车好吗？
May I borrow your bike?
5.我借一下你的电话好吗？
May I make a call by your phone?
6.借光、借光。
Excuse me. Excuse me!
7.浓茶strong tea 浓墨thick ink 浓烟dense smoke
8.青山green hill 青天blue sky 青布black cloth
二、翻译下列句子，注意划线部分蕴涵意义的表达：
1.千山鸟飞绝，万径人踪灭。
The mountain without birds around the confident,
The path isn’t a shred, no sign of the man.
2.宝玉见王夫人起来，早一溜烟跑了。
（《红楼梦》）
Seeing Mrs. Wang get up, Baoyu ran away as the wind at once. (A Dream of Red Mansion)
3.你告不赢他的，县里的当官的和他穿一条裤子。
Y ou won’t win the lawsuit against him. Officials in the county are hand in glove with him.
4.他一面喝咖啡，一面翻开油墨未干的晨报，看了起来。
As he sipped his coffee, he opened a still damp morning paper; and began reading.
5.我不贪图下海挣大钱，只想毕业后在大学里找个铁饭碗。
I don’t engage in trade for money, but for a stable job in the college
after graduation.
6.她和我情同骨肉。
She is as dear to me as my own bones and flesh.
一．译下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配关系：
1. 一窝蜜蜂a swarm of bees
一窝小鸡a flock of chickens
一窝幼犬a litter of puppies
2. 一群美女a group of beauty
一群猎狗a pack of hounds
一群鸭a flock of ducks
一群羚羊a herd of gazelle
3. 积极支持actively support
积极的财政政策proactive fiscal policy
积极利用国外资源take a good advantage of overseas
resources
4. 打电话ring up
打的take a taxi
打毛衣knit a sweater
打水draw water
打篮球play basketball
打农药spray insecticide
5. 基本工资regular wages
基本建设fundamental construction
基本设施essential facilities
基本物质basic substance
基本工业fundamental industry
基本利益essential interest
6. 经济法制化economy legalization
经济全球化economic globalization
社会知识化knowledge-based society
国际关系民主化international relationship democratized
国民经济信息化domestic economy informationalisation
科研成果产业化the outcome of scientific research
industrialized
二．结合文化语境翻译下列句子：
1.宜昌是巴楚文化的发源地，诞生了屈原、王昭君等千古风流人物。
The culture of Sichuan and Hubei in Chou Dynasty (so-called Ba-chu)
firstly originated in Yichang city in which tremendous prominent celebrities were cultivated such as Quyuan, Wang Zhaojun and what not.
2．每隔两个铺面就是一条仿宋体标语。
There is a FangSongTI slogan in every two device.
3. 下象棋我只会马走日，象走田。
I just know the basic rule about playing chess.
4．这对年轻夫妇并不相配，一个是西施，一个是张飞。
This young couple is not well matched, one is a Xi Shi—a famous Chinese beauty, while the other is a Zhang Fei—a well-know ill-tempered man.
5. 林边有一个洞，叫白龙洞，传说《白蛇传》的白娘子曾经在这里修炼。
Near the forest is the White Dragon Cave, which is said to be the very place where Lady White, the legendary heroine of “The Story of the White Snake”, cultivated herself according to Buddhist doctrine.
6. 腊月二十三灶王爷上天，后台封上戏箱，要等年初一开戏。
On the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month the Kitchen God went up to heaven and the theatre shut down until New Year's Day.
7.“这断子绝孙的阿Q！”远远地听到小尼姑的带哭的声音。
“An Q, may you die sonless!”, sounded the little nun’ voice tearfully in the distance.。
英汉互译
red letter day：指的是“纪念日”或“喜庆的日子”。
red figure：赤字red ink：赤字in the red：亏损red-ink entry：赤字分录red balance：赤字差额good luck:红运dividen: 红利wedding: 红事red wine :红酒red ruin 火灾red battle 血战red sky 彩霞red flag红旗brown sugar红糖black tea红茶honour roll红榜love pea红豆a yellow dog 可鄙的人，卑鄙的人 a yellow livered 胆小鬼Yellow Pages 黄页Yellow Book 黄皮书yellow boy （俗）金币green with envy，green as jealousy，green-eyed monster:十分嫉妒blue常用来喻指人的“情绪低落”、“心情沮丧”、“忧愁苦闷”，如：blue-eyed boys：受到管理当局宠爱和特别照顾的职工a blue moon：千载难逢的机会；绝无可能out of blue 意想不到once in a blue 千载难逢drink till all’s blue 一醉方休blue-sky market：露天市场blue-collar workers：从事体力劳动的工人blue chip：热门证券blue button：喻指有权进入股票交易的经纪人blue-sky law：蓝法blue sky bargaining：漫天讨价white war：没有硝烟的战争，常指“经济竞争”white goods：指的是体积大、单价高的家用电器用具white money：银币white coal：水力white sale：大减价the white way：白光大街black in the face 脸色铁青黑心evil mind 黑手evil backstage manipulator 黑幕inside story黑线 a sinister line害群之马black sheep 凶日black day暗淡的前途black future怒目而视to look black at someoneblack money：黑钱black market：黑市交易或黑市black market price：黑市价格black figure / in the black：盈利、赚钱、顺差black figure nation：国际收支顺差国interest in the black：应收利息red ink 赤字in the black 盈利grey market：半黑市grey area：灰色地区black and blue 青一块紫一块办公室职员office staff 办公室主任office administrator归国留学生returned student 正教授full professor 讲师lecturer; instructor助教assistant (teacher) 保送生student by recommendation博士生导师doctoral advisor 大学本科生undergraduate (student)化验员chemical analyst 技师, 技术员technician 检验员inspector 建筑师architect院士academician 助理工程师assistant engineer 编辑editor 主编editor in chief高级编辑; 编审senior editor 翻译translator; interpreter节目主持人anchor在职研究生in-service graduate student 研究员research fellow副研究员associate research fellowas timid as a hare 胆小如鼠at a stone's throw一箭之遥wet like a drown rat湿如落汤鸡as stupid as a goose蠢得像猪as stubborn as a mule 犟得像牛 have a wolf by the ears 骑虎难下to be out at elbows 捉襟见肘at one’s wit’s end 山穷水尽a velvet paw 笑里藏刀to find a quarrel in a straw 吹毛求疵Give a dog an ill name and hang him. 欲加之罪，何患无辞。
常见英汉互译
Not so bad. 不错。
No way! 不可能！
Don't flatter me. 过奖了。
Hope so. 希望如此。
Go down to business. 言归正传。
I'm not going. 我不去了。
Does it serve your purpose？ 对你有用吗？
I am all ears. 我洗耳恭听。
Right over there. 就在那里。
Get an eyeful. 看个够。
Here we are! 我们到了！
I lost my way. 我迷路了
Say hello to everybody for me. 替我向大家问好。
Not precisely! 不见得，不一定！
Tell me when! 随时奉陪！
It is a small world! 世界真是小！
Not at all. 根本就不（用）。
Let's play it by ear. 让我们随兴所至。
Wait and see. 等着瞧。
Why so blue？ 怎么垂头丧气？
What brought you here？ 什么风把你吹来了？
Talk truly. 有话直说。
I'm going to go. 我這就去。
Never mind. 不要緊。
Why are you so sure？ 怎么这样肯定？
Is that so？ 是这样吗？
Come on, be reasonable. 嗨，你怎么不讲道理。
When are you leaving？ 你什么时候走？
英汉互译
1.He was a round faced, jovial man and he ran the coal business, and peoplewere sorry for him, because he had no children and his wife was a scold. （形合&意合）他长着一张圆脸，生性快活，做的是煤炭生意。
由于无儿无女，妻子又好骂街，人们都为他感到惋惜。
2.Electricity would be of very little service if we were obliged to depend on themomentary flow. （前重心&后重心）在我们需要依靠瞬时电流时，电就没有多大用处。
3.The kalaidoscope of shifting interests of the nations during the negotiationmade it impossible to sort out the “winners” and “losers”.（非生命主语&有生命主语）在谈判期间，各国的利益变化不定，好像万花筒似的，这就使人难以分辨出究竟谁是“赢家”，谁是“输家”。
4.With the overthrow of the dictatorship in Portugal, all hope are open to us.（静态表达法&动态表达法）葡萄牙的独裁统治被推翻了，这可以使我们产生各种希望。
5.All deliveries are free. And the new plan was launched in the depth of theAsain financial crisis in 1998. （被动语态&主动语态）所有的商品都免费送货。
而这个新销售方案是在1998年亚洲金融危机闹得最严重的时候启动的。
英汉互译-语义翻译
负债
跑掉-流畅的写出（背出）
5
英汉互译
Run out Run over Run through Run up Run to seed Run for presidency Run to sb’s aid Run aground Run wild
JRJ6
跑过-满出，溢出 跑过，穿过-贯穿
跑上去-迅速积累（债款等）
4) The dinner cost us five dollars a head.
这顿饭花去我们每人5块钱.
16
16 JRJ
英汉互译
5) Prick with the head of a needle.
用针尖挑。
6) He was standing at the head of the staircase. 他 站在楼梯的顶端。 7〉 Let‘s discuss the question under five heads. 让我们分5个题目来讨论这个问题。 8) The head of his bed was piled with books. 他的床头堆满了书。
13
13 JRJ
英汉互译
36) 随函附上2角钱邮票1张- Enclosed herewith is a 20fen stamp. 37) 这一盘你上。 You play this game. 38) 一连上了好几道菜。Several courses were served in succession. 39) 行李还没上架。The luggage has not been put on the rack yet. 40) 我来给门上漆。Let me paint the door. 41) 这事已上了电视。It has been publicized on TV. 42) 表该上了。 The watch needs winding.
英汉互译八种技巧
注意事项
保持原文的语义和语法正确
在直译过程中，要确保译文准确地传达了原文的语义和语法，避 免出现歧义或误解。
尊重原文的文化特色
直译法要尊重原文的文化特色，尽可能保留原文的文化信息，避免 因文化差异而引起的误解。
符合目标语言的表达习惯
尽管直译法强调保持原文的形式，但译文仍需符合目标语言的表达 习惯，以使读者能够更好地理解和接受。
注意事项
准确理解原文
在运用直译与意译结合法时，首 先要准确理解原文的意思，避免
因理解错误而导致翻译错误。
灵活调整词序
在直译与意译结合的过程中，需 要根据汉语的表达习惯灵活调整 英文原句的词序，使译文更加自
然流畅。
保持原文风格
在翻译过程中，要尽量保持原文 的风格和语言特色，如比喻、修 辞等，以使译文更加贴近原文。
注意事项
加注应当符合目标语言的表达习惯和规范，避免出现 语法错误或表达不当的情况。
加注应当简洁明了，避免过多的解释和说明，以免影 响读者的阅读体验。
加注应当尽可能地保留原文的信息和意义，避免出现 信息丢失或误解的情况。
THANKS FOR WATCHING
感谢您的观看
文的含义。
符合目标语言习惯
意译法要求译文符合目标语言的表 达习惯和语法规则，避免出现生硬 或不符合规范的语言表达。
保持原意不变
意译法的核心是保持原文意思不变， 因此在翻译过程中要特别注意保持 原意的完整性和准确性，避免出现 信息的遗漏或误解。
04
音意结合法
定义
• 音意结合法是指在进行英汉互译 时，将英文的发音和汉语的意义 结合起来，以达到准确传达原文 意思的目的。
和文化背景。
适用范围
当源语言与目标语言存在较大 的文化差异和语言结构差异时， 归化法可以发挥很好的作用。
英汉互译[更正版]
![英汉互译[更正版]](https://360docs-1393072327.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/1c4c4217a300a6c30c229f2a.webp)
1．今天早上他起床晚了，所以没有赶上火车。
∙——He got up so late this morning that he missed the train2．你们昨天的会议得出什么结论了吗?∙——Did you draw any conclusion in yesterday’s meeting?3．我在回家的路上，买了一本英汉词典。
∙——I bought an English-Chinese dictionary on my way home.4．一直到12月下旬，他们才让我加入他们小组。
∙——They did n’t allow me to join their group until the late December5．我父亲在找工作，我母亲在医院照看外祖母。
∙——My dad is looking for a job while my mother is looking after my grandmother at hospital. 6．在房子前面的大树下放着一张桌子。
∙——There is a table set out under the big tree in front of the house.7．他二十七岁时开始学英语。
∙——He began to learn English at the age of 27.8．全球化也正在改变人们的生活方式。
∙——Globalization is also changing people’s way of life.9．这部电影我已经看过好几遍了。
∙——I have seen this movie several times.10．这就是他五年前住过的房子。
∙——This is the very house that he lived in five years ago.11.最近发生在日本的地震改变了地球表面。
∙——Earthquake which recently happened in Japan has changed the surface of earth.12. 13岁以下的儿童应坐在后座。
常用语英汉互译
常用语英汉互译What are you trying to say?（你到底想说什么？）Don't be silly.（别胡闹了。
）How strong are your glasses?（你近视多少度？）Just because.（没有别的原因。
）It isn't the way I hoped it would be.（这不是我所盼望的。
）You will never guess.（你永远猜不到。
）No one could do anything about it.（众人对此束手无措。
）I saw something deeply disturbing.（深感事情不妙。
）Money is a good servant but a bad master.（要做金钱的主人，莫做金钱的奴隶。
）I am not available.（我正忙着）Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.(脑中的知识比手中的金钱更重要）Never say die.it's a piece of cake.别泄气，那只是小菜一碟。
Don't worry.you'll get use to it soon.别担心，很快你就会习惯的。
I konw how you feel.我明白你的感受。
You win some.you lose some.胜败乃兵家常事。
Don't bury your head in the sand.不要逃避现实。
I didn't expect you to such a good job.我没想到你干得这么好。
You are coming alone well.你做得挺顺利。
She is well-build.她的身材真棒。
You look neat and fresh.你看起来很清纯。
英汉互译
英汉互译：1. Go on walking until you reach the end. 继续前行，一直到终点2. He is always leaving things about.他老是乱扔东西。
3. I’m going to visit a friend of mine this Sunday.这个星期天我要去拜访一位朋友。
4. He has a foreign friend who lives in America.他有一个住在美国的外国朋友。
5. As is known to all, China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是发展中国家。
6. Both Ann and Mary are suitable for the job.安和玛莉都合适干这项工作。
7. Bill hit his car into a wall last night.昨晚比尔开车时车撞到了墙上。
8. I hope we can have some snow this winter. 我希望今年冬天会下点雪。
9. He was very happy to hear from his old friend.他很高兴收到他的老朋友的信。
10. She likes to help any one who is in difficulty.她乐意帮助任何一个有困难的人。
11. The school management must be improved.必须改进学校管理。
12. You needn’t go there anymore. He already knows about it.你不必去了，他已经知道那件事了。
13. That box is too small to hold all these things. 那盒子太小，装不下所有这些东西。
14.She always laughed at a good joke.她听到了好的笑话，总是要笑的。
常用英汉互译技巧
八、插入法 指把难以处理的句子成分用破折号、括号或前后逗号插入译句 中。这种方法主要用于笔译中。偶尔也用于口译中，即用同位 语、插入语或定语从句来处理一些解释性成分。
如：如果说宣布收回香港就会像夫人说的“带来灾难性的影 响”，那我们将勇敢地面对这个灾难，做出决策。 If the announcement of the recovery of Hong Kong would bring about, as Madam put it, “disastrous effects,” we will face that disaster squarely and make a new policy decision.
常用英汉互译技巧
五、正译法和反译法
这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子 按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照 与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果， 但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道 。
例1. 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。 You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译） This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译） 例2. 他突然想到了一个新主意。 Suddenly he had a new idea. (正译) He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正译) A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. （反译）
常用英汉互译技巧
三、转换法 例1. Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of children. 孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。(名词转动词) 例2. 由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显 的增强。 Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. (动 词转名词) 例3. 时间不早了，我们回去吧！ We don’t have much time left. Let’s go back. (句型转换)
英汉互译谚语
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