国际法院规约 中文版

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国际法院规约-中文版

国际法院规约-中文版

《国际法院规约》来源:联合国网站第一条联合国宪章所设之国际法院为联合国主要司法机关,其组织及职务之行使应依本规约之下列规定。

第一章法院之组织第二条法院以独立法官若干人组织之。

此项法官应不论国籍,就品格高尚井在备本国具有最高司法职位之任命资格或公认为国际法之法学家中选举之。

第三条一.法院以法官十五人组织之,其中不得有二人为同一国家之国民。

二.就充任法院法官而言,一人而可视力一个国家以上之国民者,应认为属于其通常行使公民及政治极利之国家或会员国之国民。

第四条一.法院法官应由大会及安全理事会依下列规定就常设公断法院各国团体所提出之名单内选举之。

二.在常设公断法院并无代表之联合国会员国,其候选人名单应由各该国政府专为此事而委派之团体提出;此项各国团体之委派,准用一九O七年海牙和平解决国际纷争条约第四十四条规定委派常设公断法院公断员之条件。

三.凡非联合国会员国而已接受法院规约之国家,其参加选举法院法官时,参加条件,如无特别协定应由大会经安全理事会之提议规定之。

第五条一.联合国秘书长至迟应于选举日期三个月前,用书面邀请属于本规约当事国之常设公断法院公断员.及依第四条第二项所委派之各国团体.于一定期间内分别由各国团体提出能接受法官职务之人员。

二.每一团体所提人数不得超过四人,其中属其本国国籍者不得超过二人。

在任何情形下,每一团体所提候选人之人数不得超过应占席数之一倍。

第六条各国团体在提出上项人员以前,宜咨询本国最高法院.大学法学院.法律学校.专研法律之国家研究院.及国际研究院在各国所设之各分院。

第七条一.秘书位应依字母次序,编就上项所提人员之名单。

除第十二条第二项规定外,仪此项人员有被选权。

二.秘书长应将前项名单提交大会及安全理事会。

第八条大会及安全理事会各应独立举行法院法官之选举。

第九条每次选举时,选举人不独应注意被选人必须各具必要资格,并应注意务使法官全体确能代表世界各大文化及各主要法系。

第十条一.候选人在大会及在安全理事会得绝对多数票者应认为当选。

国际刑事法院规约

国际刑事法院规约

国际刑事法院规约国际刑事法院规约(the Statute of the International Criminal Court)是1998年7月17日在罗马签署的一份具有法律效力的国际协议,它建立了一个独立的、永久性的、统一的国际刑事法院,由各缔约国授权,受国际法保护,负责审理和处理全球性的重大犯罪。

罗马规约创造了一种新的司法机构,该机构负责严厉审判那些对人类所犯下的最严重的罪行,如种族灭绝、战争罪、毁坏环境罪、强奸罪、反人类罪和贩运人口等,而且,此规约要求各缔约国制定有关将犯罪者移交国际刑事法院的法律,并负责移交犯罪者。

国际刑事法院规约共包含114条规定,其中包括国际刑事法院的组织机构、司法管辖权、制裁权、犯罪范围、审判程序等内容。

该规约还规定了组织机构的结构,其中包括法院议长、法官、检察官、员工、律师等,同时规约还明确了法院的司法管辖权,包括犯罪范围、制裁权、审判程序等。

规约还规定,国际刑事法院只能审判和处理那些已经在规约上列出的犯罪,这些犯罪包括:种族灭绝、战争罪、毁坏环境罪、强奸罪、反人类罪和贩运人口罪。

此外,罗马规约还规定,如果犯罪人是在一个缔约国境内行使犯罪行为,则国际刑事法院只有在该国不愿意或者不能审判该案件时才有权审判该案件。

该规约还规定,犯罪者可以以任何形式被移交给国际刑事法院,这包括从缔约国法院受到的移交、缔约国自行将犯罪者移交给国际刑事法院等形式。

此外,国际刑事法院也有权从缔约国请求临时拘留犯罪者,以便审判该犯罪者。

罗马规约还规定,审判流程应当参照国际法律惯例,但也允许国际刑事法院根据不同案件的特殊性采取特定的审判程序,以确保司法公正和公平。

审判期间,犯罪者有权获得必要的帮助,以确保他们的正当程序权利得到充分保障。

此外,规约还规定,国际刑事法院可以发布各种制裁,包括有期徒刑、罚金、社会服务、赔偿和其他补救措施,以惩戒犯罪行为。

此外,国际刑事法院也有权判处其他重大犯罪,如贩运枪支和其他武器罪、贩卖儿童罪、洗钱罪、绑架罪等。

(完整word版)联合国宪章中英文对照

(完整word版)联合国宪章中英文对照

联合国宪章Charter of the United Nations介绍性说明Introductory Note联合国宪章是1945年6月26日联合国国际组织会议结束时在旧金山签字的,于1945年10月24日生效。

国际法院规约是宪章的组成部分。

The Charter of the United Nations was signed on 26 June 1945, in San Francisco, at the conclusion of the United Nations Conference on International Organization, and came into force on 24 October 1945. The Statute of the International Court of Justice is an integral part of the Charter.宪章第二十三、第二十七和第六十一条的修正案由大会于1963年12月17日通过,于1965年8月31日生效。

第六十一条的进一步修正案由大会于1971年12月20日通过,于1973年9月24日生效。

第一百零九条修正案由大会于1965年12月20日通过,于1968年6月12日生效。

Amendments to Articles 23, 27 and 61 of the Charter were adopted by the General Assembly on 17 December 1963 and came into force on 31 August 1965. A further amendment to Article 61 was adopted by the General Assembly on 20 December 1971, and came into force on 24 September 1973. An amendment to Article 109, adopted by the General Assebmly on 20 December 1965, came into force on 12 June 1968.第二十三条修正案将安全理事会成员自十一国增至十五国。

国际法院规则全文

国际法院规则全文

国际法院规则全文国际法院(International Court of Justice,缩写为ICJ)是联合国的主要司法机构,负责解决国家之间的争端和就合法性问题提供咨询意见。

国际法院规则(Rules of Court)是该机构的内部规则,旨在确保审理案件的公正和公正性。

以下是国际法院规则的全文参考内容:第一章 - 通则第1条 - 应用范围和目的本规则适用于国际法院进行的所有诉讼。

第2条 - 申请提出方式正式诉讼应通过书面申请方式提出,遵循相关规定和要求。

第3条 - 翻译陈述、文件和其他书面材料应以法庭规则规定的语言提交,并在适当情况下提供翻译。

第4条 - 公示和法庭文件提交的申请和文件应根据法庭规则的规定,向其他当事方公示并保密。

第二章 - 确认管辖权和受理申请第5条 - 确认管辖权国际法院应先确认其是否有管辖权,并取决于申请的性质和涉及的当事方。

第6条 - 受理申请国际法院应对仅涉及当事方之间的纠纷或与已注明诉讼授权有关的问题,以及涉及国际法院授权的特殊问题进行受理。

第7条 - 反驳国际法院应允许被申请方提出反驳意见,并给予当事方合理的时间和机会。

第三章 - 应答第8条 - 应答申请被申请方应在指定的期限内提交书面回复,说明其立场和论点。

第9条 - 反对管辖权被申请方有权在期限内提出反对国际法院管辖权的意见。

第10条 - 仲裁国际法院可根据双方同意请求仲裁,并在相关规定下进行仲裁。

第四章 - 其他程序问题第11条 - 缓刑令和裁定国际法院有权发出缓刑令或制定适用于案件的裁定。

第12条 - 证据国际法院可要求或接受各方提供证据,并决定其使用方式和效力。

第13条 - 庭审国际法院有权根据案件的性质和需要举行庭审,并遵守相应规则和程序。

第14条 - 质证和证人证言国际法院可允许各方进行质证和引用证人证言,遵循相关规则和程序。

第15条 - 司法调查国际法院可进行司法调查,以确定事实和证据的可靠性和准确性。

1998年《国际刑事法院罗马规约》

1998年《国际刑事法院罗马规约》

1998年《国际刑事法院罗马规约》1998年《国际刑事法院罗马规约》(Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court)是国际社会为应对严重国际犯罪而制定的一项重要国际法律文书。

该规约自成立以来,成为保障国际人权、促进全球公正的重要法律框架。

以下为《罗马规约》的相关内容和特点。

《罗马规约》首先在序言中指出,国际刑事法院是为了实现罗马规约所确立的目标而设立的,这些目标包括维护全球和平与安全、实现国际公正、确保每个人都能享有基本权利并免受罪行侵害。

该规约详细界定了什么是罪行,罪行范围包括:1.大规模杀戮罪:包括种族灭绝、集体屠杀等。

2.战争罪:包括针对平民的破坏、非人道行为、攻击平民等。

3.侵略罪:即违反联合国宪章的侵略行为。

4.人道主义罪:包括强迫劳动、奴役、酷刑等。

5.种族灭绝罪:即故意消灭一个民族的整个或部分人口。

6.追加罪:当上述罪行被个人犯下且其是该罪行的组织者、命令者,或者有其他特定身份时,个人还可以受到追加起诉。

此外,《罗马规约》还明确了国际刑事法院的管辖权,规定国际刑事法院对罗马规约所涉及的所有罪行拥有管辖权。

国际刑事法院可以根据相关证据和证人陈述决定是否对被控犯罪行为进行起诉,并可以裁决被告的无罪或有罪。

此外,规约也规定了关于追诉时效和司法程序的规定。

其中最令人注目的是国际刑事法院无论被控犯罪行为何时发生,都没有追诉时效的限制。

《罗马规约》还特别强调了对受害者的关照。

规约要求国际刑事法院采取所有必要的措施来确保受害者在法庭上的权利和利益得到保护,包括提供合适的援助和支持,以及尊重其隐私和安全。

此外,罗马规约明确规定了国际刑事法院的组织结构和运作方式,包括成员国的参与和合作,以及国际刑事法院的法官、检察官和其他工作人员的任命与任期。

《罗马规约》签署后,自2002年7月1日起正式生效。

截至2021年,已有123个国家成为该规约的成员国,其中包括中国、德国、法国、英国等国家。

国际法院规约

国际法院规约

国际法院规约国际法院是联合国的主要司法机关,负责解决国家间的法律争端。

国际法院规约是国际法院的基本法律文件,规定了国际法院的组织、职能和程序。

国际法院由15名法官组成,这些法官由联合国大会和安全理事会选举产生,任期9年,可以连任。

法官必须是不同国籍的人,且必须具有最高的司法品质和公认的国际法学家资格。

国际法院的职能是解决国家间的法律争端,包括关于条约的解释、国际法的适用、国家责任的确定等。

国际法院还可以就国际法问题提供咨询意见,但这只限于联合国大会和安全理事会等国际组织。

国际法院的程序包括起诉、答辩、证据交换、庭审等阶段。

国际法院的判决具有法律约束力,但判决的执行依赖于国家的自愿遵守。

如果国家不遵守判决,国际法院可以请求联合国安理会采取行动。

国际法院规约还规定了国际法院的管辖权,包括国家同意提交的争端、联合国大会和安全理事会提交的争端等。

国际法院规约还规定了国际法院的经费来源、法官的薪酬和福利等。

国际法院规约是国际法院的基本法律文件,对于维护国际法治、促进国际和平与安全具有重要意义。

国际法院规约的制定和实施,需要各国的共同努力和遵守。

国际法院规约:促进国际法治的基石在国际社会中,国际法院规约不仅是一部法律文件,更是促进国际法治和和平解决争端的基石。

它确保了国家间的争端能够在公正、独立和专业的环境下得到解决,从而避免了潜在的冲突和战争。

国际法院规约还强调了国际合作的重要性。

它鼓励各国通过和平方式解决争端,并通过法律途径来解决国际问题。

这种合作精神有助于加强国际社会的凝聚力和稳定性,为全球和平与发展创造有利条件。

国际法院规约还关注国际法的适用和发展。

国际法院的判决和咨询意见对于解释和适用国际法具有重要意义,有助于推动国际法的进步和完善。

国际法院规约还规定了国际法院的透明度和公开性,确保了法院的公正性和公信力。

在国际法院规约的指导下,国际法院已经成为国际法治的重要支柱。

它为各国提供了一个公正、独立和专业的平台,来解决国际争端和促进国际合作。

国际法院规约英文版

国际法院规约英文版

S TATUTE OF THE C OURTThe Statute of the International Court of Justice is annexed to the Charter of the United Nations, of which it forms an integral part. The main object of the Statute is to organize the composition and the functioning of the Court.The Statute can be amended only in the same way as the Charter, i.e., by a two-thirds majority vote in the General Assembly and ratification by two-thirds of the States (Art 69).Should the ICJ consider it desirable for its Statute to be amended, it must submit a proposal to this effect to the General Assembly by means of a written communication addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations (Art 70). However, there has hitherto been no amendment of the Statute of the Court.STATUTEOF THEINTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICETABLE OF CONTENTS:Chapter I: Organization of the Court (Articles 2 - 33)Chapter II: Competence of the Court (Articles 34 - 38)Chapter III: Procedure (Articles 39 - 64)Chapter IV: Advisory Opinions (Articles 65 - 68)Chapter V: Amendment (Articles 69 & 70)Article 1The International Court of Justice established by the Charter of the United Nations as the principal judicial organ of the United Nations shall be constituted and shall function in accordance with the provisions of the present Statute.CHAPTER I - ORGANIZATION OF THE COURTArticle 2The Court shall be composed of a body of independent judges, elected regardless of their nationality from among persons of high moral character, who possess the qualifications required in their respective countries for appointment to the highest judicial offices, or are jurisconsults of recognized competence in international law.Article 31. The Court shall consist of fifteen members, no two of whom may be nationals of the same state.2. A person who for the purposes of membership in the Court could be regarded as a national of more than one state shall be deemed to be a national of the one in which he ordinarily exercises civil and political rights.Article 41. The members of the Court shall be elected by the General Assembly and by the Security Council from a list of persons nominated by the national groups in the Permanent Court of Arbitration, in accordance with the following provisions.2. In the case of Members of the United Nations not represented in the Permanent Court of Arbitration, candidates shall be nominated by national groups appointed for this purpose by their governments under the same conditions as those prescribed for members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration by Article 44 of the Convention of The Hague of 1907 for the pacific settlement of international disputes.3. The conditions under which a state which is a party to the present Statute but is not a Member of the United Nations may participate in electing the members of the Court shall, in the absence of a special agreement, be laid down by the General Assembly upon recommendation of the Security Council.Article 51. At least three months before the date of the election, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall address a written request to the members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration belonging to the states which are parties to the present Statute, and to the members of the national groups appointed under Article 4, paragraph 2, inviting them to undertake, within a given time, by national groups, the nomination of persons in a position to accept the duties of a member of the Court.2. No group may nominate more than four persons, not more than two of whom shall be of their own nationality. In no case may the number of candidates nominated by a group be more than double the number of seats to be filled.Article 6Before making these nominations, each national group is recommended to consult its highest court of justice, its legal faculties and schools of law, and its national academies and national sections of international academies devoted to the study of law.Article 71. The Secretary-General shall prepare a list in alphabetical order of all the persons thus nominated. Save as provided in Article 12, paragraph 2, these shall be the only persons eligible.2. The Secretary-General shall submit this list to the General Assembly and to the Security Council.Article 8The General Assembly and the Security Council shall proceed independently of one another to elect the members of the Court.Article 9At every election, the electors shall bear in mind not only that the persons to be elected should individually possess the qualifications required, but also that in the body as a whole the representation of the main forms of civilization and of the principal legal systems of the world should be assured.Article 101. Those candidates who obtain an absolute majority of votes in the General Assembly and in the Security Council shall be considered as elected.2. Any vote of the Security Council, whether for the election of judges or for the appointment of members of the conference envisaged in Article 12, shall be taken without any distinction between permanent and non-permanent members of the Security Council.3. In the event of more than one national of the same state obtaining an absolute majority of the votes both of the General Assembly and of the Security Council, the eldest of these only shall be considered as elected.Article 11If, after the first meeting held for the purpose of the election, one or more seats remain to be filled, a second and, if necessary, a third meeting shall take place.Article 121. If, after the third meeting, one or more seats still remain unfilled, a joint conference consisting of six members, three appointed by the General Assembly and three by the Security Council, may be formed at any time at the request of either the General Assembly or the Security Council, for the purpose of choosing by the vote of an absolute majority one name for each seat still vacant, to submit to the General Assembly and the Security Council for their respective acceptance.2. If the joint conference is unanimously agreed upon any person who fulfills the required conditions, he may be included in its list, even though he was not included in the list of nominations referred to in Article 7.3. If the joint conference is satisfied that it will not be successful in procuring an election, those members of the Court who have already been elected shall, within a period to be fixed by the Security Council, proceed to fill the vacant seats by selection from among those candidates who have obtained votes either in the General Assembly or in the Security Council.4. In the event of an equality of votes among the judges, the eldest judge shall have a casting vote.Article 131. The members of the Court shall be elected for nine years and may be re-elected; provided, however, that of the judges elected at the first election, the terms of five judges shall expire at the end of three years and the terms of five more judges shall expire at the end of six years.2. The judges whose terms are to expire at the end of the above-mentioned initial periods of three and six years shall be chosen by lot to be drawn by the Secretary-General immediately after the first election has been completed.3. The members of the Court shall continue to discharge their duties until their places have been filled. Though replaced, they shall finish any cases which they may have begun.4. In the case of the resignation of a member of the Court, the resignation shall be addressed to the President of the Court for transmission to the Secretary-General. This last notification makes the place vacant.Article 14Vacancies shall be filled by the same method as that laid down for the first election, subject to the following provision: the Secretary-General shall, within one month of the occurrence of the vacancy, proceed to issue the invitations provided for in Article 5, and the date of the election shall be fixed by the Security Council.Article 15A member of the Court elected to replace a member whose term of office has not expired shall hold office for the remainder of his predecessor's term.Article 161. No member of the Court may exercise any political or administrative function, or engage in any other occupation of a professional nature.2. Any doubt on this point shall be settled by the decision of the Court.Article 171. No member of the Court may act as agent, counsel, or advocate in any case.2. No member may participate in the decision of any case in which he has previously taken part as agent, counsel, or advocate for one of the parties, or as a member of a national or international court, or of a commission of enquiry, or in any other capacity.3. Any doubt on this point shall be settled by the decision of the Court.Article 181. No member of the Court can be dismissed unless, in the unanimous opinion of the other members, he has ceased to fulfill the required conditions.2. Formal notification thereof shall be made to the Secretary-General by the Registrar.3. This notification makes the place vacant.Article 19The members of the Court, when engaged on the business of the Court, shall enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities.Article 20Every member of the Court shall, before taking up his duties, make a solemn declaration in open court that he will exercise his powers impartially and conscientiously.Article 211. The Court shall elect its President and Vice-President for three years; they may bere-elected.2. The Court shall appoint its Registrar and may provide for the appointment of such other officers as may be necessary.Article 221. The seat of the Court shall be established at The Hague. This, however, shall not prevent the Court from sitting and exercising its functions elsewhere whenever the Court considers it desirable.2. The President and the Registrar shall reside at the seat of the Court.Article 231. The Court shall remain permanently in session, except during the judicial vacations, the dates and duration of which shall be fixed by the Court.2. Members of the Court are entitled to periodic leave, the dates and duration of which shall be fixed by the Court, having in mind the distance between The Hague and the home of each judge.3. Members of the Court shall be bound, unless they are on leave or prevented from attending by illness or other serious reasons duly explained to the President, to hold themselves permanently at the disposal of the Court.Article 241. If, for some special reason, a member of the Court considers that he should not take part in the decision of a particular case, he shall so inform the President.2. If the President considers that for some special reason one of the members of the Court should not sit in a particular case, he shall give him notice accordingly.3. If in any such case the member Court and the President disagree, the matter shall be settled by the decision of the Court.Article 251. The full Court shall sit except when it is expressly provided otherwise in the present Statute.2. Subject to the condition that the number of judges available to constitute the Court is not thereby reduced below eleven, the Rules of the Court may provide for allowing one or more judges, according to circumstances and in rotation, to be dispensed from sitting.3. A quorum of nine judges shall suffice to constitute the Court.Article 261. The Court may from time to time form one or more chambers, composed of three or more judges as the Court may determine, for dealing with particular categories of cases; for example, labour cases and cases relating to transit and communications.2. The Court may at any time form a chamber for dealing with a particular case. The number of judges to constitute such a chamber shall be determined by the Court with the approval of the parties.3. Cases shall be heard and determined by the chambers provided for in this article if the parties so request.Article 27A judgment given by any of the chambers provided for in Articles 26 and 29 shall be considered as rendered by the Court.Article 28The chambers provided for in Articles 26 and 29 may, with the consent of the parties, sit and exercise their functions elsewhere than at The Hague.Article 29With a view to the speedy dispatch of business, the Court shall form annually a chamber composed of five judges which, at the request of the parties, may hear and determine cases by summary procedure. In addition, two judges shall be selected for the purpose of replacing judges who find it impossible to sit.Article 301. The Court shall frame rules for carrying out its functions. In particular, it shall lay down rules of procedure.2. The Rules of the Court may provide for assessors to sit with the Court or with any of its chambers, without the right to vote.Article 311. Judges of the nationality of each of the parties shall retain their right to sit in the case before the Court.2. If the Court includes upon the Bench a judge of the nationality of one of the parties, any other party may choose a person to sit as judge. Such person shall be chosen preferably from among those persons who have been nominated as candidates as provided in Articles 4 and 5.3. If the Court includes upon the Bench no judge of the nationality of the parties, each of these parties may proceed to choose a judge as provided in paragraph 2 of this Article.4. The provisions of this Article shall apply to the case of Articles 26 and 29. In such cases, the President shall request one or, if necessary, two of the members of the Court forming the chamber to give place to the members of the Court of the nationality of the parties concerned, and, failing such, or if they are unable to be present, to the judges specially chosen by the parties.5. Should there be several parties in the same interest, they shall, for the purpose of the preceding provisions, be reckoned as one party only. Any doubt upon this point shall be settled by the decision of the Court.6. Judges chosen as laid down in paragraphs 2, 3, and 4 of this Article shall fulfill the conditions required by Articles 2, 17 (paragraph 2), 20, and 24 of the present Statute. They shall take part in the decision on terms of complete equality with their colleagues.Article 321. Each member of the Court shall receive an annual salary.2. The President shall receive a special annual allowance.3. The Vice-President shall receive a special allowance for every day on which he acts as President.4. The judges chosen under Article 31, other than members of the Court, shall receive compensation for each day on which they exercise their functions.5. These salaries, allowances, and compensation shall be fixed by the General Assembly. They may not be decreased during the term of office.6. The salary of the Registrar shall be fixed by the General Assembly on the proposal of the Court.7. Regulations made by the General Assembly shall fix the conditions under which retirement pensions may be given to members of the Court and to the Registrar, and the conditions under which members of the Court and the Registrar shall have their travelling expenses refunded.8. The above salaries, allowances, and compensation shall be free of all taxation.Article 33The expenses of the Court shall be borne by the United Nations in such a manner as shall be decided by the General Assembly.CHAPTER II - COMPETENCE OF THE COURTArticle 341. Only states may be parties in cases before the Court.2. The Court, subject to and in conformity with its Rules, may request of public international organizations information relevant to cases before it, and shall receive such information presented by such organizations on their own initiative.3. Whenever the construction of the constituent instrument of a public international organization or of an international convention adopted thereunder is in question in a case before the Court, the Registrar shall so notify the public international organization concerned and shall communicate to it copies of all the written proceedings.Article 351. The Court shall be open to the states parties to the present Statute.2. The conditions under which the Court shall be open to other states shall, subject to the special provisions contained in treaties in force, be laid down by the Security Council, but in no case shall such conditions place the parties in a position of inequality before the Court.3. When a state which is not a Member of the United Nations is a party to a case, the Court shall fix the amount which that party is to contribute towards the expenses of the Court. This provision shall not apply if such state is bearing a share of the expenses of the CourtArticle 361. The jurisdiction of the Court comprises all cases which the parties refer to it and all matters specially provided for in the Charter of the United Nations or in treaties and conventions in force.2. The states parties to the present Statute may at any time declare that they recognize as compulsory ipso facto and without special agreement, in relation to any other state accepting the same obligation, the jurisdiction of the Court in all legal disputes concerning:a. the interpretation of a treaty;b. any question of international law;c. the existence of any fact which, if established, would constitute a breach of an international obligation;d. the nature or extent of the reparation to be made for the breach of an international obligation.3. The declarations referred to above may be made unconditionally or on condition of reciprocity on the part of several or certain states, or for a certain time.4. Such declarations shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies thereof to the parties to the Statute and to the Registrar of the Court.5. Declarations made under Article 36 of the Statute of the Permanent Court of International Justice and which are still in force shall be deemed, as between the partiesto the present Statute, to be acceptances of the compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice for the period which they still have to run and in accordance with their terms.6. In the event of a dispute as to whether the Court has jurisdiction, the matter shall be settled by the decision of the Court.Article 37Whenever a treaty or convention in force provides for reference of a matter to a tribunal to have been instituted by the League of Nations, or to the Permanent Court of International Justice, the matter shall, as between the parties to the present Statute, be referred to the International Court of Justice.Article 381. The Court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply:a. international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the contesting states;b. international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law;c. the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations;d. subject to the provisions of Article 59, judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law.2. This provision shall not prejudice the power of the Court to decide a case ex aequo et bono, if the parties agree thereto.CHAPTER III - PROCEDUREArticle 391. The official languages of the Court shall be French and English. If the parties agree that the case shall be conducted in French, the judgment shall be delivered in French. If the parties agree that the case shall be conducted in English, the judgment shall be delivered in English.2. In the absence of an agreement as to which language shall be employed, each party may, in the pleadings, use the language which it prefers; the decision of the Court shall be given in French and English. In this case the Court shall at the same time determine which of the two texts shall be considered as authoritative.3. The Court shall, at the request of any party, authorize a language other than French or English to be used by that party.Article 401. Cases are brought before the Court, as the case may be, either by the notification of the special agreement or by a written application addressed to the Registrar. In either case the subject of the dispute and the parties shall be indicated.2. The Registrar shall forthwith communicate the application to all concerned.3. He shall also notify the Members of the United Nations through the Secretary-General, and also any other states entitled to appear before the Court.Article 411. The Court shall have the power to indicate, if it considers that circumstances so require, any provisional measures which ought to be taken to preserve the respective rights of either party.2. Pending the final decision, notice of the measures suggested shall forthwith be given to the parties and to the Security Council.Article 421. The parties shall be represented by agents.2. They may have the assistance of counsel or advocates before the Court.3. The agents, counsel, and advocates of parties before the Court shall enjoy the privileges and immunities necessary to the independent exercise of their duties.Article 431. The procedure shall consist of two parts: written and oral.2. The written proceedings shall consist of the communication to the Court and to the parties of memorials, counter-memorials and, if necessary, replies; also all papers and documents in support.3. These communications shall be made through the Registrar, in the order and within the time fixed by the Court.4. A certified copy of every document produced by one party shall be communicated to the other party.5. The oral proceedings shall consist of the hearing by the Court of witnesses, experts, agents, counsel, and advocates.Article 441. For the service of all notices upon persons other than the agents, counsel, and advocates, the Court shall apply direct to the government of the state upon whose territory the notice has to be served.2. The same provision shall apply whenever steps are to be taken to procure evidence on the spot.Article 45The hearing shall be under the control of the President or, if he is unable to preside, of the Vice-President; if neither is able to preside, the senior judge present shall preside.Article 46The hearing in Court shall be public, unless the Court shall decide otherwise, or unless the parties demand that the public be not admitted .Article 471. Minutes shall be made at each hearing and signed by the Registrar and the President.2. These minutes alone shall be authentic.Article 48The Court shall make orders for the conduct of the case, shall decide the form and time in which each party must conclude its arguments, and make all arrangements connected with the taking of evidence.Article 49The Court may, even before the hearing begins, call upon the agents to produce any document or to supply any explanations. Formal note shall be taken of any refusal.Article 50The Court may, at any time, entrust any individual, body, bureau, commission, or other organization that it may select, with the task of carrying out an enquiry or giving an expert opinion.Article 51During the hearing any relevant questions are to be put to the witnesses and experts under the conditions laid down by the Court in the rules of procedure referred to in Article 30.Article 52After the Court has received the proofs and evidence within the time specified for the purpose, it may refuse to accept any further oral or written evidence that one party may desire to present unless the other side consents.Article 531. Whenever one of the parties does not appear before the Court, or fails to defend its case, the other party may call upon the Court to decide in favour of its claim.2. The Court must, before doing so, satisfy itself, not only that it has jurisdiction in accordance with Articles 36 and 37, but also that the claim is well founded in fact and law.Article 541. When, subject to the control of the Court, the agents, counsel, and advocates have completed their presentation of the case, the President shall declare the hearing closed.2. The Court shall withdraw to consider the judgment.3. The deliberations of the Court shall take place in private and remain secret.Article 551. All questions shall be decided by a majority of the judges present.2. In the event of an equality of votes, the President or the judge who acts in his place shall have a casting vote.Article 561. The judgment shall state the reasons on which it is based.2. It shall contain the names of the judges who have taken part in the decision.Article 57If the judgment does not represent in whole or in part the unanimous opinion of the judges, any judge shall be entitled to deliver a separate opinion.Article 58The judgment shall be signed by the President and by the Registrar. It shall be read in open court, due notice having been given to the agents.Article 59The decision of the Court has no binding force except between the parties and in respect of that particular case.Article 60The judgment is final and without appeal. In the event of dispute as to the meaning or scope of the judgment, the Court shall construe it upon the request of any party.Article 611. An application for revision of a judgment may be made only when it is based upon the discovery of some fact of such a nature as to be a decisive factor, which fact was, when the judgment was given, unknown to the Court and also to the party claiming revision, always provided that such ignorance was not due to negligence.2. The proceedings for revision shall be opened by a judgment of the Court expressly recording the existence of the new fact, recognizing that it has such a character as to lay the case open to revision, and declaring the application admissible on this ground.3. The Court may require previous compliance with the terms of the judgment before it admits proceedings in revision.4. The application for revision must be made at latest within six months of the discovery of the new fact.5. No application for revision may be made after the lapse of ten years from the date of the judgment.Article 62l. Should a state consider that it has an interest of a legal nature which may be affected by the decision in the case, it may submit a request to the Court to be permitted to intervene.2 It shall be for the Court to decide upon this request.Article 631. Whenever the construction of a convention to which states other than those concerned in the case are parties is in question, the Registrar shall notify all such states forthwith.2. Every state so notified has the right to intervene in the proceedings; but if it uses this right, the construction given by the judgment will be equally binding upon it.Article 64Unless otherwise decided by the Court, each party shall bear its own costs.CHAPTER IV - ADVISORY OPINIONSArticle 651. The Court may give an advisory opinion on any legal question at the request of whatever body may be authorized by or in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations to make such a request.2. Questions upon which the advisory opinion of the Court is asked shall be laid before the Court by means of a written request containing an exact statement of the question upon which an opinion is required, and accompanied by all documents likely to throw light upon the question.Article 661. The Registrar shall forthwith give notice of the request for an advisory opinion to all states entitled to appear before the Court.2. The Registrar shall also, by means of a special and direct communication, notify any state entitled to appear before the Court or international organization considered by the Court, or, should it not be sitting, by the President, as likely to be able to furnish information on the question, that the Court will be prepared to receive, within a time-limit to be fixed by the President, written statements, or to hear, at a public sitting to be held for the purpose, oral statements relating to the question.3. Should any such state entitled to appear before the Court have failed to receive the special communication referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article, such state may express a desire to submit a written statement or to be heard; and the Court will decide.。

国际法院规约36条原文

国际法院规约36条原文

第三十六条1. 国际法院的法官在执行其职务时,应避免任何可能妨碍其独立判断的行为。

2. 国际法院的法官不得担任任何政治或行政职务,或执行任何其他职业或商业活动,不论位于何国。

3. 国际法院的法官不得是任何国家的国民,也不得是任何国家的公民或永久居民。

4. 国际法院的法官不得是正在担任联合国任何机关或专门机构成员国代表的任何人,也不得是正在担任联合国任何机关或专门机构任何其他职务的任何人。

5. 国际法院的法官在执行其职务期间,不得参加任何政治活动。

6. 国际法院的法官在其任职期间,不得接受任何国家的政府、任何国际组织或任何私人团体提供的报酬。

7. 国际法院的法官应遵守本规约所规定的义务,并保持其个人的道德和职业尊严。

8. 国际法院的法官如因健康原因或其他充分理由,经法院同意,可以暂时停止执行其职务。

9. 国际法院的法官如被证明有行为不端或严重违反本规约所规定的义务,经法院以出席法官的过半数同意,得予以免职。

10. 国际法院的法官在任期届满后,如继续担任法院的任何工作,包括担任法院的任何委员会成员,应视为继续担任法官。

11. 国际法院的法官如因故不能继续担任法院的任何工作,应由其所属国之政府指派新法官接替其职务。

12. 国际法院的法官应遵守本规约所规定的其他程序规则和指导原则。

13. 国际法院的法官应遵守联合国大会议事规则所规定的程序规则和指导原则。

14. 国际法院的法官应遵守联合国秘书处所规定的程序规则和指导原则。

15. 国际法院的法官应遵守联合国任何其他机关或专门机构所规定的程序规则和指导原则。

16. 国际法院的法官应遵守本规约所规定的其他义务和责任。

17. 国际法院的法官在执行其职务时,应保持高度的道德标准,并应避免任何可能损害其个人或国际法院声誉的行为。

18. 国际法院的法官在执行其职务时,应尊重国际法和国际关系的基本原则。

19. 国际法院的法官在执行其职务时,应保持公正和中立,不得偏袒任何一方。

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《国际法院规约》来源:联合国网站第一条联合国宪章所设之国际法院为联合国主要司法机关,其组织及职务之行使应依本规约之下列规定。

第一章法院之组织第二条法院以独立法官若干人组织之。

此项法官应不论国籍,就品格高尚井在备本国具有最高司法职位之任命资格或公认为国际法之法学家中选举之。

第三条一.法院以法官十五人组织之,其中不得有二人为同一国家之国民。

二.就充任法院法官而言,一人而可视力一个国家以上之国民者,应认为属于其通常行使公民及政治极利之国家或会员国之国民。

第四条一.法院法官应由大会及安全理事会依下列规定就常设公断法院各国团体所提出之名单内选举之。

二.在常设公断法院并无代表之联合国会员国,其候选人名单应由各该国政府专为此事而委派之团体提出;此项各国团体之委派,准用一九O七年海牙和平解决国际纷争条约第四十四条规定委派常设公断法院公断员之条件。

三.凡非联合国会员国而已接受法院规约之国家,其参加选举法院法官时,参加条件,如无特别协定应由大会经安全理事会之提议规定之。

第五条一.联合国秘书长至迟应于选举日期三个月前,用书面邀请属于本规约当事国之常设公断法院公断员.及依第四条第二项所委派之各国团体.于一定期间内分别由各国团体提出能接受法官职务之人员。

二.每一团体所提人数不得超过四人,其中属其本国国籍者不得超过二人。

在任何情形下,每一团体所提候选人之人数不得超过应占席数之一倍。

第六条各国团体在提出上项人员以前,宜咨询本国最高法院.大学法学院.法律学校.专研法律之国家研究院.及国际研究院在各国所设之各分院。

第七条一.秘书位应依字母次序,编就上项所提人员之名单。

除第十二条第二项规定外,仪此项人员有被选权。

二.秘书长应将前项名单提交大会及安全理事会。

第八条大会及安全理事会各应独立举行法院法官之选举。

第九条每次选举时,选举人不独应注意被选人必须各具必要资格,并应注意务使法官全体确能代表世界各大文化及各主要法系。

第十条一.候选人在大会及在安全理事会得绝对多数票者应认为当选。

二.安全理事会之投票,或为法官之选举或为第十二条所称联席会议人员之指派,应不论安全理事会常任理事国及非常任理事国之区别。

三.如同一国家之国民得大会及安全理事会之绝对多数票者不止一人时,其中事最高者应认为当选。

第十一条第一次选举会后,如有一席或一席以上尚待补选时,应举行第二次选举会,并于必要时举行第三次选举会。

第十二条一.第三次选举会后,如仍有一席或一席以上尚待补选时,大会或安全理事会得随时声请组织联席会议,其人数为六人,由大会及安全理事会各派三人。

此项联席会议就每一悬缺以绝对多数票选定一人提交大会及安全理事会分别请其接受。

二.具有必要资格人员,即未列入第七所指之候选人名单,如经联席会议全体同意,亦得列入该会议名单。

三.如联席会议确认选举不能有结果时,应由已选出之法官,在安全理事会所定之期间内,就曾在大会或安全理事会得有选举票之候选人中,选定若干人补足缺额。

四.法官投票数相等时,年事最高之法官应投决定票。

第十三条一.法官任期九年,并得连选,但第一次选举选出之法官中,五人任期应为三年,另五人为六年。

二.上述初期法官,任期孰为三年孰为六年,应于第一次选举完毕后立由秘书长以抽签方法决定之。

三.法官在其后任接替前,应继续行使其职务,虽经接替,仍应结束其已开始办理之案件。

四.法官辞职时应将辞职书致送法院院长转知秘书长。

转知后,该法官之一席即行出缺。

第十四条凡遇出缺,应照第一次选举时所定之办法补选之,但秘书长应于法官出缺后一个月内,发出第五条规定之邀请书并由安全理事会指定选举日期。

第十五条法官被选以接替任期未满之法官者,应任职至其前任法官任期届满时为止。

第十六条一.法官不得行使任何政治或行政职务,或执行任何其他职业性质之任务。

二.关于此点,如有疑义,应由法院裁决之。

第十七条一.法官对于任何案件,不得充任代理人律师.或辅佐人。

二.法官曾以当事国一造之代理人.律师。

或辅佐人.或以国内法院或国际法院或调查委员会委员.或以其他资格参加任何案件者,不得参与该案件之裁决。

三.关于此点,如有疑义,应由法院决定之。

第十八条一.法官除由其余法官一致认为不复适合必要条件外,不得免职。

二.法官之免职,应由书记官长正式通知秘书长。

三.此项通知一经送达秘书长,该法官之一席即行出缺。

第十九条法官于执行法院职务时,应享受外交特权及豁兔。

第二十条法官于就职前应在公开法庭郑重宣言本人必当秉公竭诚行使职权。

第二十一条一.法院应选举院长及副院长,其任期各三年,并得连选。

二.法院应委派书记官长,并得酌派其他必要之职员。

第二十二条一.法院设在海牙,但法院如认为合宜时,得在他处开庭及行使职务。

二.院长及书记官长应驻于法院所在地。

第二十三条一.法院除司法假期外,应常川办公。

司法假期之日期及期间由法院定之。

二.法官得有定时假期,其日期及期问,由法院斟酌海牙与各法官住所之距离定之。

三.法官除在假期或因疾病或其他重大原由,不克视事,经向院长作适当之解释外,应常川备由法院分配工作。

第二十四条一.法官如因特别原由认为于某案之裁判不应参与时,应通知院长。

二.院长如认某法官因特别原由不应参与某案时,应以此通知该法官。

三.遇有此种情形,法官与院长意见不同时,应由法院决定之。

第二十五条一.除本规约另有规定外,法院应由全体法官开庭。

二.法院规则得按情形并以轮流方法,规定准许法官一人或数人免予出席,但准备出席之法官人数不得因此减至少于十一人。

三.法官九人即足构成法院之法定人数。

第二十六条一.法院得随时设立一个或数个分庭,并得决定由法官三人或三人以上组织之。

此项分庭处理特种案件,例如劳工案件及关于过境与交通案件。

二.法院为处理某特定案件,得随时设立分庭,组织此项分庭法官之人数,应由法院得当事国之同意定之。

三.案件经当事国之请求应由本条规定之分庭审理裁判之。

第二十七条第二十六条及第二十九条规定之任何分庭所为之裁判,应视为法院之裁判。

第二十八条第二十六条及第二十九条规定之分庭,经当事国之同意,得在海牙以外地方开庭及行使职务。

第二十九条法院为迅速处理事务,应于每年以法官五人组织一分庭。

该分庭经当事国之请求,得用简易程序,审理及裁判案件。

法院并应选定法官二人,以备接替不能出庭之法官。

第三十条一.法院应订立规则,以执行其职务,尤应订定关于程序之规则。

二.法院规则得规定关于襄审官之出席法院或任何分庭,但无表决权。

第三十一条一.属于诉讼当事国国籍之法官,于法院受理该诉讼案件时,保有其参与之权。

二.法院受理案件,如法官中有属于一造当事国之国籍者,任何他造当事国得选派人为法官,参与该案。

此项人员尤以就第四条及第五条规定所提之候选人中选充为宜。

三.法院受理案件,如当事国均无本国国籍法官时,各当事国均得依本条第二项之规定选派法官一人。

四.本条之规定于第二十六条及第二十九条之情形适用之。

在此种情形下,院长应请分庭法官一人,或于必要时二人,让与属于关系当事国国籍之法官,如无各当事国国籍之法官或各该法官不能出席时,应让与各当事国特别选派之法官。

五.如数当事国具有同样利害关系时,在上列各规定适用范围内,只应作为一当事国。

关于此点,如有疑义,由法院裁决之。

六.依本条第二项.第三项.及第四项规定所选派之法官,应适合本规约第二条.第十七条第二项.第二十条.及第二十四条规定之条件。

各该法官参与案件之裁判时,与其同事立于完全平等地位。

第三十二条一.法院法官应领年俸二.院长每年应领特别津贴。

三.副院长于代行院长职务时,应按日领特别津贴。

四.依第三十一条规定所选派之法官而非法院之法官者,于执行职务时,应按日领酬金。

五.上列俸给津贴及酬金由联合国大会定之,在任期内,不得减少。

六.书记官长之俸给,经法院之提议由大会定之。

七.法官及书记官长交给退休金及补领旅费之条件,由大会订立章程规定之。

八.上列俸给津贴及酬金,应免除一切税捐。

第三十三条法院经费由联合国担负,其担负方法由大会定之。

第二章法院之管辖第三十四条一.在法院得为诉讼当事国者,限于国家。

二.法院得依其规则,请求公共国际团体供给关于正在审理案件之情报。

该项团体自动供给之情报,法院应接受之。

三.法院于某一案件遇有公共国际团体之组织约章.或依该项约章所缔结之国际协约.发生解释问题时,书记官长应通知有关公共国际团体井向其递送所有书面程序之文件副本。

第三十五条一.法院受理本规约各当事国之诉讼。

二.法院受理其他各国诉讼之条件,除现行条约另有特别规定外,由安全理事会定之,但无论如何,此项条件不得使当事国在法院处于不平等地位。

三.非联合国会员国为案件之当事国时,其应担负法院费用之数目由法院定之。

如该国业已分组法院经费之一部,本项规定不适用之。

第三十六条一.法院之管辖包括各当事国提交之一切案件,及联合国宪章或现行条约及协约中所特定之一切事件。

二.本规约各当事国得随时声明关于具有下列性质之一切法律争端,对于接受同样义务之任何其他国家,承认法院之管辖为当然而具有强制性,不须另订特别协定:(子)条约之解释。

(丑)国际法之任何问题。

(寅)任何事实之存在,如经确定即属违反国际义务者。

(卯)因违反国际义务而应予赔偿之性质及其范围。

三.上述声明,得无条件为之,或以数个或特定之国家间彼此拘束为条件,或以一定之期间为条件。

四.此项声明应交存联合国秘书长并由其将副本分送本规约各当事国及法院书记官长。

五.曾依常设国际法院规约第三十六条所为之声明而现仍有效者,就本规约当事国间而言,在该项声明期间尚未届满前并依其条款,应认为对于国际法院强制管辖之接受。

六.关于法院有无管辖权之争端,由法院裁决之。

第三十七条现行条约或协约或规定某项事件应提交国际联合会所设之任何裁判机关或常设国际法院者,在本规约当事国间,该项事件应提交国际法院。

第三十八条一.法院对于陈诉各项争端,应依国际法裁判之,裁判时应适用:(子)不论普通或特别国际协约,确立诉讼当事国明白承认之规条者。

(丑)国际习惯,作为通例之证明而经接受为法律者。

(寅)一般法律原则为文明各国所承认者。

(卯)在第五十九条规定之下,司法判例及各国权威最高之公法学家学说,作为确定法律原则之补助资料者。

二,前项规定不妨碍法院经当事国同意本“公允及善良”原则裁判案件之权。

第三章程序第三十九条一.法院正式文字为英法两文。

如各当事国同意用法文办理案件,其判决应以法文为之。

如各当事国同意用英文办理案件,其判决应以英文为之。

二.如未经同意应用何种文字,每一当事国于陈述中得择用英法两文之一,而法院之判词应用英法两文。

法院并应同时确定以何者为准。

三.法院经任何当事国之请求,应准该当事国用英法文以外之文字。

第四十条一.向法院提出诉讼案件,应按其情形将所订特别协定通告书记官长或以请求书送达书记官长。

不论用何项方法,均应叙明争端事由及各当事国。

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