非谓语动词 to do
非谓语动词作定语的区别
非谓语动词作定语的区别
非谓语动词作定语的区别
非谓语动词作定语时，分别是to do 结构，doing结构，以及done结构，三者在句意和用法上有明显区别：
一、To do 结构
To do 结构表示动作的目的或目标，其中，to do 是状语从句，由于为表目的，所以所引导的动词要用不定式。
例如：
This book is for reading. 这本书是用来读的。
We need a room for sleeping. 我们需要一个可以睡觉的房间。
二、Doing 结构
Doing 结构表示正在进行的动作，即主句中的动作正在发生。
例如：
The man walking down the street is my father. 走在街上的那个男人是我父亲。
This is the book writing by Jack. 这是杰克写的书。
三、Done 结构
Done 结构表示动作已经完成，即主句中的动作已经发生完毕。
例如：
This is the book written by Jack. 这是杰克写的书。
The work done in the morning should be finished before noon. 上午开展的工作应该在中午前完成。
非谓语动词之动词不定式（todo）的用法
⾮谓语动词之动词不定式（todo）的⽤法⾮谓语动词之动词不定式（to do）的⽤法⾮谓语动词是指在句⼦中不是谓语的动词，主要形式有：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。
1.“to do”动词不定式的变形2.动词不定式的⽤法（1）充当主语（⼀般会⽤it 当形式主语）To swim here is dangerous. =It is dangerous to swim here.To pass this English exam is unlikely. =（2）充当表语（多数情况下，可以转换成动词不定式做主语）My job is to help with your English learning.To help with your English learning is my job.（3）充当宾语（只能做某些动词的宾语，⼀般不做介词的宾语；有时⽤“it”做形式宾语）I decided to attend this meeting last night.I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.注意：当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时，只能跟不定式作宾语。
decide, determine, learn, wish, hopeagree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, failprepare, try, manage, help, promiseoffer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed（4）充当宾语补⾜语I persuaded him to make a speech in public.注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make,have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”）I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程）但，感官动词后⾯也可接Ving形式，表⽰正在进⾏。
to do doing done 非谓语用法
to do doing done 非谓语用法
“To do, doing, done”是英语中一种非常常见的非谓语用法，是指以“to do”、“doing”和“done”开头的动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。
在句子中，这个结构通常用于表示某个特定的动作或状态，而不涉及主谓关系。
下面我们来详细了解一下这三种非谓语用法的具体用法。
一、to do
“To do”是动词不定式，它的基本结构是“to + 动词原形”。
在句子中，“to do”通常用于表示将要发生的动作或未完成的动作。
具体用法如下：
1. 表示目的：例如：
- I went to the store to buy some groceries.（我去商店买食材。
）
- She went to the library to study. （她去图书馆学习。
）
- He called me to ask for some advice.（他打电话给我问建议。
）
二、doing
综上所述，“to do, doing, done”三种非谓语用法在英语中应用广泛，能够帮助我们表达各种场景下的动作或状态。
熟练掌握这三种非谓语用法，能够让我们的语言表达更加丰富和准确。
非谓语动词的七种形态的用法和含义
非谓语动词的七种形态的用法和含义
非谓语动词的七种形态包括不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词、分词短语、不定式短语和动名词短语。
1.不定式：to do，常用于表示目的、原因、结果、条件等。
例如：She went to the market to buy some vegetables.
2.动名词：doing，可作主语、宾语、表语等，常用于表示动作的
进行与持续。
例如：Reading is her favorite hobby.
3.现在分词：doing，表示与主语同时或者正在进行的动作。
例如：The boy standing over there is my friend.
4.过去分词：done，可用作形容词或者与助动词连用表示完成的
动作。
例如：The work was done by the team.
5.分词短语：having done，表示在完成某个动作之后发生的事情。
例如：Having finished her homework, she went to bed.
6.不定式短语：to be done，表示被动或者完成的动作。
例如：The report is to be submitted by tomorrow.
7.动名词短语：enjoying swimming，表示主语进行的动作是令人愉快的。
例如：She enjoys swimming in the sea.
除了以上七种形态外，非谓语动词还可以组成短语或者从句，常用于虚拟语气、句子的修饰、分句或者非限制性定语从句等。
完全掌握非谓语动词的用法对于提高英语写作和阅读水平非常重要。
常见非谓语固定搭配
非谓语动词固定搭配一、to do不定式1.固定接to do的动词：want to do need to do plan to do promise to do承诺fail to do未能agree to do同意refuse to do拒绝decide/determine to do决定manage to do设法成功learn to do claim to do声称，宣称pretend to do假装afford to do负担得起choose to do选择demand to do要求expect to do期待happen to do碰巧hope to do希望prepare to do准备2.+宾+to do的动词：advise sb to do sth建议want sb to do sth希望/想要invite sb to do sth邀请allow sb to do sth允许permit sb to do sth允许ask sb to do sth要求encourage sb to do sth鼓励persuade sb to do sth劝说3.接to do表目的：in order to do sth.so as to do为了不能位于句首4.接to do表结果：only to do表意料之外的结果“却”too+adj./adv.+to do“太...而不能”e.g.：He hurried to the train station,only_to find_(find)the train had left.It is too late to go home.太晚了而无法回家。
5.the+序数词+to do“第几个做...”e.g.：He is the first to come,the last to leave.6.疑问代词+to dowhat,who,when,where,why,howe.g.：I don’t know how to learn English.7.to do的省略(保留to省略do)e.g.：Would you like to have dinner with me?I would like to.but,except(表除了)+to doe.g.：have no choice but to do sth.“除了...别无选择”注意：but前有do，后无to(to省略)have nothing to do but do sth.8.to do的固定句型1）It作形式主语It is/was+adj.+(of/for sb.)to do sth.e.g.:It is so kind of you to help me.It is difficult for me to learn English.区分：of：某人是...的adj修饰sb.for：对于某人来说...adj修饰to do不定式。
非谓语动词to do不定式讲解
非谓语动词to do不定式讲解
非谓语动词中的to do不定式是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它表示动作尚未发生或即将发生，具有不确定性。
以下是关于to do不定式的详细讲解：
1. 用法：to do不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分，用于表达各种不同的意义和语气。
2. 时态：to do不定式有多种时态形式，包括一般式（to do）、进行式（to be doing）、完成式（to have done）等，根据不同的语境选择不同的时态形式。
3. 语态：to do不定式有被动语态和主动语态两种形式。
被动语态用于表示主语是动作的接受者，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
4. 否定形式：to do不定式的否定形式是在前面加上“not”或者“never”，例如“to not do”或者“never to do”。
5. 独立结构：在某些情况下，to do不定式可以作为独立结构出现，例如“To err is human.（人非圣贤，孰能无过。
）”。
6. 习惯搭配：to do不定式常常与一些固定搭配一起使用，例如“want to do”（想要做）、“plan to do”（计划做）等。
总之，to do不定式是一个非常灵活的非谓语动词形式，在不同的语境中有不同的用法和意义。
通过掌握其基本用法和规则，能够更好地理解和运用这种语言现象，提高英语表达能力。
第1讲非谓语动词不定式todo的用法
非谓语动词不定式非谓语动词——不定式不定式的2种形式不定式在句子中的成分say is easy and is hard.主语主语To say is easy and is hard.To see is to believe.主语’s +adj. for sb. to do sth.形式主语真正主语该类形容词有：difficult/hard/important/possible/adj. 修饰sth. j dj f b h 形式主语真正主语impossible/comfortable/necessary 等该类形容词有：adj. 修饰sb.’s +adj. of sb. to do sth.类形容有kind/nice/stupid/rude/clever/foolish/thoughtful/brave/considerate 等It ’s interesting It ’s kind of you to help To see is to believe 表语To see is to believe .对于一个老师来说最重要的事The most important thing for a 是公平地对待每个学生.The most important thing for a teacher is to treat every student equally.三. 作宾语The bird wants to find something to drink.宾语+不定式作宾语的动词有：三个希望两答应：hope, wish, want, agree, promise 两个要求未拒绝：设法学会做决定：不需假装在选择p ,,,g ,p demand, ask, fail, refuse manage, intend, learn, decide, determine 不需假装在选择：desire, pretend, choose But the bird found it hard to find water.主语+find/think +it + adj. + to do sth.形式宾语真正宾语j 宾补asks me to do exercises.主谓关系advise, allow, ask, wish ll h want, get, order, tell, teachTo make me study better, my mother asks me to do exercises.make me study (省略to 的)宾补的宾补的动词有：,y y listen to, hear)let,have)make, let, have) see, notice, observe, watch)注意：五. 作定语作定语The bird wants to find something to drink 定语The bird wants to find something to drink .I want to find a comfortable pillow to lie on.d b 目的状语To make me study better , my mother exercises.The cat is too control itself 结果状语The cat is too excitedto control itself .---Lucy had a bad cold. ---I am sorry to hear that.原因状语o e .to leave didn’t tell his 宾语when to leave and t tell his how to improve their products.宾语The man lost his way, so he didn’t know where to go.。
非谓语 to do
•不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而 且放在其他后置定语之后。
1. 不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系： (1)动宾关系 I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。 (2)主谓关系 He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。 (3)同位关系 We all have a chance to go to college. 我们都有上大学的机会。
6.—The light in the office is still on. --- Oh, I forgot ______. A.turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
7.---How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? ---The key ____ the problem is to meet the demand ____ by the customers. A.to solving, making B. to solving, made C. to solve, making D. to solve, made 8. ---What do you think of the school? ----It is a very good _____. A.school to study in B. school for children to study C. studying school D. school to study
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状语（表目的）
I get up early to cactacthch the bus. I work hard to mmaakkee my mother happy
特殊疑问词+to do
what to do She doesn’t know _w__h_e__r_e_t_o__g.o
Which one to choose
translation
1.我已经决定努力学习英语！decide; study English I __h_a__v_e__d_e_c_i_d_e_d__t_o__s_t_u_d_y__E__n_g_l_i_s_h__ well. 2.孩子必须学会照顾自己！ learn; look after Children _m__u_s_t_l_e_a_r_n__t_o__lo__o_k__a_f_t_e_r________ themselves.
所以经常给你们鼓励（encourage） 建议（advise） 和要求（ask） 并允许（allow）你们犯错误。
希望 （wish） 通过老师的教育 （teach） 你们能够展示出 （show）最好的自己。
并得到你想要（want）的一切。
Be the best of yourselves!
定语 I have a lot of homework to do. I need a pen to write. I need a pen to write with.
主语
形式主语
主语
happ y
excitin g
知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。
To know is to know. Not to know is not to know. That is knowledge!
to do 作宾语
hope to do want to do
decide to do
I work hard to be the best of myself. I want to be a teacher.
My mother encourages me to study hard.
I don’t know what to do.
To do ... is adj... It is + adj to do...
1.It took me two hours______ _____(完成) my homework. 2.We don't know________ ________ ________ (该干什么) 3. Her work is _________( look ) after the children. 4. She expected me _________(take) part in her birthday party. 5. I have nothing ________(say). 6. It is not allowed __________(smoke) here. 7.My dream is __________(be) an English teacher.
找谓语动
词确定时 态！
• 3. My teacher advised me gave up smoking.
• 4. I have decided studies English.
一个句子只能
有一个谓语动 词！
to do在句中的成分：
To be a teacher is my dream.
. It is important for us to protect the Earth
Show time:
Write an article with at least six to do patterns. You can talk about anything you want to talk.
Be brave and confident!
作ge状t u语p early to catch the bus.
plan to do try to do
agree to do
learn to do
后接不定式作宾语的动词：
三个希望两答应(hope, wish, want, agree, promise) 一个要求莫拒绝(demand, refuse) 设法学会做决定(manage, learn, decide) 不要假装在选择(pretend, choose)
（表目的）
作主语
to do
作表语 作宾语
To know is to know. want/need/plan/hope to do
作宾语补足语 特殊疑问词+to do
advise/ask/tell sb(not) t to do
宾语补足语
My mother told me to do my homework. My mother didn’t tell me to do my homework. My mother told me not to do my homework.
后接不定式作宾语补足语的动词：
老师对你们有期待（expect）
the White House
sentence
Verb 1
Hard on the eyes(辣眼睛)
Verb 2
winner
Verb 1
我是老大， 时态变化 非我莫属！
别跟大 哥抢了！
谓语动词
非谓语动词
Verb 2
to do done
doing
Right or wrong!
• 1. I wanted lived in the big city. • 2. My mother asks me studies hard.