社会语言学期末论文稿

语言性别差异对比分析

社会语言学是一门研究语言和社会关系的学科，其中包括语言与社会、语言学与文化，语言与思维、语言与性别等诸多方面。自从20世纪初，关于语言与性别的研究在现代语言学领域受到越来越多的关注。然而，直到20世纪60年代，随着社会语言学的发展，语言性别差异才成为语言学家研究的重要课题。社会语言学家逐渐认识到，作为一种言语标记，说话人的心病别应当同其年龄、地位、角色身份这些内容同等对待，因而应当成为社会语言学研究中的一个独立研究变量。（杨永林）

语言性别差异可以分为两类：一类是语言本身性别歧视，说话人的说话方式显示出他们对男性和女性的不同态度。一类是男女使用语言的差异。

本文主要是针对男女使用语言的差异展开谈论的。男女使用语言方面的差异主要体现在：词汇的选择、句法和语用方面。文章的第一部分对社会语言学及语言性别差异作了简要的介绍。第二部分对语言性别差异的分类及前人研究成果综述。第三部分集中分析了研究理论框架。第四部分是关于研究方法的分析。第五部分从三个方面（言语目的、谈话话题及言语表达方式）讨论男性与女性在使用语言方面的差异。最后是结论部分。

通过对语言性别差异的分析发现它对外语教学有很大帮助。一方面，作为将来的英语教育者，我们有必要了解语言性别差异，从而可以教授学生正确的言语形式。男性与女性语言存在许多差异，了解这些差异对于外语教学领域是十分重要的。另一方面，我们需要尽可能地了解以英语为本族语的男性与女性的说话方式。

关键词：语言性别差异，社会语言学，分析

Contrast Analysis of Gender Differences in Language

Abstract

Sociolinguistics is defined as the study of language in relation to society, it involves many aspects, such as language and society, language and culture, language and thought, language and gender etc. The research of language and gender has been paid more attention to in modern linguistics since the beginning of the 20th century. Yet it is since 1960s that gender differences in language has been an important subject with the development of sociolinguistics. Sociolinguists come to realize that as a speech marker, the gender of the speaker should be treated equally with age, status, and role, so it should be an independent variable in sociolinguistics.

Gender differences in language may be divided into two categories. The first category is about sexism in language and the ways in which speakers demonstrate their different cultural attitudes toward men and women. The second category is about the differences in the actual speech of men and women.

This paper is concerning the differences in the actual speech of men and women. Differences in the speech of men and women may exist in many aspects, such as lexical choice, syntax and pragmatics. The first part makes a brief introduction about sociolinguistics and gender differences in language. The second part mentions categories of gender differences in language and previous study of gender differences in language. The third part concentrates on the approach of the analysis. The fourth is about the data collection and research methodology. The fifth part analyzes the differences of the speech between men and women from three perspectives—the purpose of the speech, the topic of the conversation and the mode of the speech. The final part comes to the conclusion about the gender differences in language.

Through the analysis of gender differences in language, I have realized that it is useful in teaching foreign language. On the one hand, as language teachers in the