国际商务英语
国际商务英语证书
国际商务英语证书
国际商务英语证书是一种证明个人英语能力的专业证书，主要用于证明持有者具备在商务环境中使用英语进行交流和解决问题的能力。
该证书通常由国际知名机构颁发，例如剑桥大学考试委员会、托福考试委员会等。
获得国际商务英语证书可以帮助个人在求职过程中获得更多机会，因为许多公司都需要具备流利英语口语和写作能力的应聘者。
此外，在国际商务交流中，英语是一种非常重要的工具，获得国际商务英语证书可以提高个人竞争力和自信心。
要获得国际商务英语证书，需要参加相关考试并取得高分。
这些考试通常包括听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分。
考试难度较高，需要考生具备扎实的英语基础和一定的商务知识。
考生可以通过参加专业的英语培训课程和做练习题来提高英语水平和准备考试。
国际商务英语证书是一种证明自己英语能力的专业证书，可以帮助个人在求职和国际商务交流中获得更多机会和提高竞争力。
获得这个证书需要参加相关考试并取得高分，这需要考生具备扎实的英语基础和一定的商务知识。
国际商务英语(英文版)
International Business English国际商务英语Lesson 1 International Business第一课国际商务*International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export, such as business between Hong Kong and Taiwan.*International business involves more factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business. The following are some major differences between the two.1). The countries involved often have different legal systems, and one or more parties will have to adjust themselves to operate in compliance with the foreign law.2). Different counties usually use different currencies and the parties concerned will have to decide which currency to use and do everything necessary as regards conversion etc. Uncertainties and even risks are often involved in the use of a foreign currency.3).Cultural differences including language, customs, traditions, religion, value, behaviour etc. often constitute challenges and even traps for people engaged in international business.4). Countries vary in natural and economic conditions and may have different policies towards foreign trade and investment, making international business more complex than domestic business.*With the development of economic globalisation, few people or companies can completely stay away from international business. Some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement.*International business first took the form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. This form of trade is also referred to as visible trade. Later a different kind of trade in the form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. gradually became more and more important. This type of trade is called invisible trade. Today, the contribution of service industries of the developed countries constitutes over 60% of their gross domestic products and account for an increasing proportion of world trade. *Another important form of international business is supplying capital by residents of one country to another, known as international investments. Such investments can be classified into two categories. The first kindof investments, foreign direct investments or FDI for short is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in in a host country.*The host country is a foreign country where the investor operates, while the country where the headquarters of the investor is located is called the home country. The second kind of investment, portfolio investment, refers to purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling. Such financial assets may be stocks, bonds or certificates of deposit.Stocks are also called capital stocks or bonds. Bonds are papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest. The maturity period of a bond is at least one year, often longer, for example five, or even ten years. Certificates of deposit generally involve large amounts, say 25 thousand US dollars *Besides trade and investment, international licensing and franchising are sometimes taken as a means of entering a foreign market. In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country. Such intellectual property may be trademarks, brand names, patents, copyrights or technology. Firms choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to start business, and can simply receive income in the form of royaltyBesides, they can benefit from locational advantages of foreign operation without any obligations in ownership or management. The use of licensing is particularly encouraged by high customs duty and non-tariff barriers on the part of the host country. However it is not advisable to use licensing in countries with weak intellectual property protection since the licensor may have difficulty in enforcing licensing agreement.*Franchising can be regarded as a special form of licensing. Under franchising, a firm, called the franchisee, is allowed to operate in the name of another, called the franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos, and operating techniques for royalty. In comparison with the relation between the licenser and the licensee, the franchiser has more control over and provides more support for the franchisee.*The franchiser can develop internationally and gain access to useful information about the local market with little risk and cost, and the franchisee can easily get into a business with established products or services. Franchising is fairly popular especially in hotel and restaurant business.*Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing, and turnkey project.*Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume. Sometimes bonusesbased on profitability or sales growth are also specified in management contracts.Government policies often have a lot to do with management contracts. When a government forbids foreign ownership in certain industries it considers to be of strategic importance but lacks the expertise for operation, management contracts may be a practical choice enabling a foreign company to operate in the industry without owning the assets*By contract manufacturing, a firm can concentrate on their strongest part in the value chain, e.g. marketing, while contracting with foreign companies for the manufacture of their products. Such firms can reduce the amount of their resources devoted to manufacture and benefit from location advantages from production in host countries. However, loss of control over the production process may give rise to problems in respect of quality and time of delivery.*For an international turnkey project, a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion. Such projects are often large and complex and take a long period to complete. Payment for a turnkey project may be made at fixed total price or on a cost plus basis. The latter way of payment shifts the burden of possible additional cost over the original budget onto the purchaser *BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project where B stands for Build, O for operate and T for transfer. For a BOT project, a firm operate a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company. Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey project. Needless to say, the contractor has to bear the financial and other risks that may occur in the period of operation.*Some Words and Expressionscustoms area 关税区in compliance with 遵从，遵照conversion n.货币兑换visible trade 有形贸易resale n.转售invisible trade 无形贸易gross domestic product 国内生产总值for short 缩写为account for 占……比例headquarters n.总部trap n.陷阱，圈套portfolio investment 证券投资stocks n.股票bonds n.债券maturity n.（票据等）到期，到期日certificate of deposit 大额存单other than 而不是licensing n.许可经营franchising n.特许经营n.商标advisable adj.可行的，适当的patent n.专利royalty n.专利使用费，许可使用费，版税copyright n.版权licensor n.给予许可的人licensee n.接受许可的人franchiser n.给予特许的人franchisee n.接受特许的人logo n.标识，标记management contract 管理合同expertise n.专门知识bonus n.红利，奖金，津贴flat adj.一律的，无变动的contract manufacturing 承包生产value chain 价值链turnkey project 交钥匙工程BOT(Build, Operate, Transfer）建设，经营，移交Stand for 表示，代表variant n.变形，变体Lesson twoIncome Level and the World Market第二课收入水平和世界市场This lesson discusses the relation between the income level and the market potential, and the features of high income, middle income and low income markets.Special analyses are made on Triad, i.e. the markets of North America,European Union and Japan, as well as other markets that are closely related with China.The first two paragraphs mainly deal with GNP and GDP, two important concepts usedto indicate the total size of an economy. GDP, Gross Domestic Product, stresses the place of production while GNP, Gross National Product, on the ownership of production factors.GDP is used by most countries now where as GNP was more popular before the 1990s. The actual figures of a country’s GNP and GDP are, however, quite similar in most cases and we can use whichever figure that is available.TEXT:In assessing the potential of a market, people often look at its income level since it provides clues about the purchasing power of its residents. The concepts national income and national product have roughly the same value and can be used interchangeably if our interest is in their sum total which is measured as the market value of the total output of goods and services of an economy in a given period, usually a year. The differenceis only in their emphasis. The former stresses the income generated by turning out the products while the latter, the value of the product s themselves. Gross National Product, GNP, and Gross Domestic Product, GDP, are two important concepts used to indicate a country’s total income. GNP refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy. This term was used by most governments before the 1990s国民生产总值(GNP)是最重要的宏观经济指标,它是指一个国家地区的国民经济在一定时期（一般1年）内以货币表现的全部最终产品（含货物和服务）价值的总和。
自考国际商务英语课件
International Business English
LESSON TWO Income level and the world market
Business Knowledge
GNP and GDP are two important concepts used to indicate a country’s total income. GNP (gross national product) refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.(国民原则). GDP measures the market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy（国土原则）. The major difference between them is that the former focuses on ownership of the factors of production while the latter concentrates on the place where production takes place; the former stresses the income generated by turning out the products while the latter ,the value of the products themselves. And we can use them interchangeable. Per capita income and per capita GDP Per capita income is calculated by dividing its national income by its population. per capita GDP is calculated by dividing its total GDP by its population. Per capita GDP reveals the average income level of consumers, which is important when marketing consumer durables.
国际商务英语课后答案
Unit 1 GlobalizationPart I Business V ocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence.1 There are too many examples in aviation and other _____ B _____ of what has happened to companies that have tried to do that.A sectionsB sectorsC segmentsD components2 It would not _______ A ________ earlier mistakes such as attempting to enter the train or boat-building business.A repeatB makeC recognizeD produce3 He is impressed, he says, by the way in which oil companies have ____ D _____ from losing national images.A obtainedB gotC reachedD benefited4 Royal Dutch/Shell is another group which manages to ______D_________ itself asa local company in which it operates.A displayB exhibitC showD present5 When the Japanese tyre group Bridgestone entered the US market, it made an _________ C _______, buying the local production base of Firestone.A saleB purchaseC acquisitionD overpayment6 If a company wishes to enter the Chinese market, it usually looks for a local ________ D ________ who will cooperate in setting up a joint venture.A manB talentC managerD partner7 If you’re ______ C ______ don’t go to Oslo – it’s Europe’s most expensive city.A hardB hardyC hard upD hard down8 A survey has _______A_________ with some interesting information about the cost of living in our major cities.A come upB show upC put upD live up9 Meals at restaurants cost a _________ C ________ and drinks are very pricey.A expenseB priceC fortuneD fate10 Being kept waiting, being connected to voice mail or being passed on to someoneelse are all common ________ D _______.A flashesB firesC firecrackersD flashpoints11 Reasons for this are ________ B _________, according to Reed.A three piecesB threefoldC threeD triple12 Increasing numbers of transactions take place entirely by phone, from ___ D ____insurance to paying bills.A doingB sellingC buyingD arranging13 As companies move towards ‘remote working’, the need for the right tone of voice_______ A _______ to every level of the organization.A extendsB stretchesC expandsD attaches14 However, globalization has brought problems in the compan y’s overseas plants,and this is having a bad ________ A _______ on its share prices.A effectB influenceC affectD consequence15 A journalist from the Eastern Economist Review suggested recently that thecompany could become the _______ B _______ of a takeover if it didn’t sort out its problems soon.A aimB targetC objectiveD purpose16 Although this helps to lower costs, the materials are often of poor quality. This hasresulted in _______ C _______ orders.A placedB placingC cancelledD canceling17 Recently, a German distributor refused a D of 50,000 blouses.A dealB transactionC cargoD consignment18 When customers want last-minute changes to clothing, the plants cannot meetcustomers’ tight _______ D ______.A timesB periodsC datesD deadlines19 Its latest _______ B ______ were described by a famous fashion expert as ‘boring,behind the times and with no appeal to a fashion-conscious buyer’.A seriesB collectionsC sequencesD present20 Factory workers complain about their wages. They are often expected to work_______ C ________ without extra pay.A overB timeC overtimeD timelyPart II Phrase TranslationDirections: Directions: There are 20 Chinese phrases in this part. You are required to translate them into English and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, one point for each phrase.1 资本外逃fight of capita2 福利welfare beneifts3 相互让步give-and-take4 国家形象national image5 航空航天公司aerospace company6 全球化公司global company7 就业问题employment problems8 生活水准living standard9 跨文化问题cross-cultural problem10 合资企业joint venture11 本地合伙人local partner12 许可协议licensing agreement13 通货膨胀率inflation rate14 市场调研market research15 远程办公remote working16 全球会议global conference17 股票价格share price18 顾客需求customers’ needs19 低价战略low-pricing strategy20 员工流动率staff turnoverPart III Sentence TranslationDirections: There are 10 sentences in this part. You are required to translate them into Chinese and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, two points for each sentence.1.There are too many examples in aviation and other sectors of what has happenedto companies that have tried to do that.在航空业和其他行业中想要原地踏步而以失败告终的例子比比皆是2.People are much more likely to express anger over the phone, rather than inwriting or face to face.和书信及面对面交流比起来，人民更容易在电话上发火。
《国际商务英语》(自考)Lesson 10
other risks
➢ political risks - war, quotas, foreign exchange control
➢ commercial risks - market change and exchange rate fluctuation
➢ language barriers
exporter
draft and the shipping document
bank
customer
importer’s bank
document will not be released to the importer until payment is affected
D/ P at sight
sales on this basis are usually paid for by periodic payment
the exporter must have sufficient financial strength to carry to cost of the goods until receiving payment
/
debtor /ˈdetə(r)/
debit /ˈdebɪt/
adj. 国内的 n. 状况 n. 汇款 n. 债务人 v. 将……记入 借方；n. 借方
financial standing standing n. 地位；级别；身份；名声
credit worthiness /ˈwɜːðinəs/ default /dɪˈfɔːlt/ ban /bæn/
fluctuation /ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃ(ə)n/
财务状况
资信可靠 状况
n. 违约 n./ v. 禁 止
国际商务英语课程心得(精选5篇)
国际商务英语课程心得(精选5篇)国际商务英语课程心得（篇1）商务英语的学习，还是在英语的范畴，只不过更专业化，对于商务英语，久而久之，你会发现这门学科更注重口语的运用，所以会比较偏向于口语交流。
在商务英语的学习中，要克服不善言谈的羞涩心理，抓住机会，积极表现自我，参加活动多去锻炼自己的口语。
此外，作为语言类的学科，其基本的词汇你还是需要去掌握的。
词汇量的多少决定了你对于语言的运用程度，要是单词都不全，很多语句的表达你会卡壳，从而不能很好的表达出来，在商务英语的课程中，每一课程都会出现一些重复的商务词汇，或者是词性变形等，只需要留神去总结，去稳固，你会发现阅览时陌生单词在逐渐减少，对你的阅读阻碍逐渐减少。
商务英语的学习也可以成为一个开心愉快的美差。
你想，在你以后的职业生涯，凭借现在所学到的知识驰骋在商务英语的沙场中，为自己带来一笔又一笔的财富，我们凭借自己的能力吃饭，该是件多么美好的事啊。
在幻想未来的时候，你会觉得很遥远，此时就需要你转换一下思路了，培养对于商务英语学习的兴趣，将是你学习英语最大的乐趣。
当你把学习商务英语，当成你的兴趣爱好，那么你的商务英语不好也难了。
你的兴趣爱好，指导着你把商务英语带向更美好的明天。
也正所谓兴趣是你最好的老师。
最后就是关于学习商务英语过程中，难免不会出现情绪，学习不是别人的事，今天你所学到的就是你的，别人是帮不了你学的，所以不要出现抵触心理，最终害了的还是自己。
古人说，人静而后安，安而后定，定而后慧，慧而后悟，悟而后得。
商务英语的学习过程也如此，需要克服那些影响我们学习的诸多因素，上课认真听讲，善于总结，集中注意力。
国际商务英语课程心得（篇2）在对英语几乎已经形同陌路的大三，来个商务英语口语实训，像是一个结婚已久的女子突然又有了初恋的感觉，为什么要比喻成女子呢，因为我觉得英语本来应该和女子和恋爱一般美好。
两周的商务英语口语实训已经结束了，在这短短的两周时间内真是受益匪浅。
国际商务英语
国际商务英语贸易术语：1.EXW （Ex Work）工厂交货2.FCA （Free Carrier）货交承运人3.FAS （Free Alongside Ship）船边交货4.FOB （Free On Board）船上交货5.CFR （Cost and Freight）成本加运费6.CIF （Cost Insurance and Freight）成本、保险和运费7.CPT（Carriage Paid to）运费付至8.CIP（Carriage Insurance Paid to）运费、保险费付至9.DAF（Delivered At Frontier）边境交货10.DES（Delivered Ex Ship）目的港船上交货11.DEQ（Delivered Ex Quay）目的港码头交货12.DDU（Delivered Duty Unpaid）未完税交货13.DDP（Delivered Duty Paid）完税后交货mercial Councilor’s Office 商务参赞处15.consignor 委托人、发货人、寄售人16.consignee 受托人、收货人、承售人17.firm 商号、商店、公司18.corporation 公司商会19.private-owned corporation 私有公司20.nonprofit corporation 非营利公司21.public corporation（state-operated corporation）国有公司22.limited liability company （股份）有限公司23.agent 代理人agency 代理代理权sole distributor 独家经销代理sole distributorship 独家经销代理权distributor 经销人distributorship 经销权24.duplicate 副本25.in duplicate 一式两份26.in triplicate 一式三份27.stipulation 规定28.rule 法则w 法律30.term 条款31.cash on delivery 货到付款（缩写C.O.D）32.m/t 公吨33.The sight L/C 即期信用证34.The usance L/C 远期信用证35.The revocable L/C 可撤销信用证36.The irrevocable L/C 不可撤销信用证37.partical shipment（s）分批装运38.Transshipment 转船39.Liner 定期班轮40.Tramp 不定期货轮41.Fragile 易碎42.Easy to Be Damaged 易损43.Easy to Be Deteriorated 易变质44.Inflammable易燃、Explosive 易爆、Poisonous有毒45.。
国际商务英语复习资料
国际商务英语复习资料国际商务英语复习资料在当今全球化的时代，国际商务英语的重要性日益凸显。
无论是从事国际贸易、跨国公司工作，还是希望扩大自己的职业发展空间，掌握国际商务英语都是必不可少的。
为了帮助大家更好地复习和掌握国际商务英语知识，本文将提供一些复习资料和方法。
一、商务词汇商务词汇是国际商务英语的基础，掌握一定的商务词汇是进行商务交流的前提。
在复习过程中，可以通过背单词、阅读商务文章等方式来积累商务词汇。
此外，还可以使用商务英语词汇书籍、在线词汇工具等辅助工具来巩固记忆。
二、商务写作商务写作是国际商务英语的重要组成部分。
在商务写作中，要注意使用正式、准确的语言表达自己的观点和意见。
在复习过程中，可以通过模仿商务邮件、商务报告等文档来提升自己的商务写作能力。
同时，也可以阅读商务英语写作指南，学习商务写作的常用句型和表达方式。
三、商务口语商务口语是进行商务交流的重要方式。
在商务口语中，要注意语速、语调、表达清晰等方面。
在复习过程中，可以通过与他人进行商务对话、模拟商务谈判等方式来提升自己的商务口语能力。
同时，也可以参考商务英语口语教材，学习商务口语的常用表达和场景对话。
四、跨文化交际国际商务英语不仅仅是语言的学习，还包括了跨文化交际的能力。
在国际商务交流中，不同的文化背景和价值观会对商务活动产生影响。
在复习过程中，可以通过学习不同国家的商务礼仪、文化差异等来提升自己的跨文化交际能力。
同时，也可以参加国际商务交流活动，与外国商务人士进行交流，亲身感受跨文化交际的挑战和机遇。
五、实践应用复习国际商务英语不仅仅是理论的学习，更重要的是能够将所学知识应用到实践中。
在复习过程中，可以通过参加商务英语角、进行商务模拟演练等方式来锻炼自己的实践应用能力。
同时，也可以参与国际商务项目、实习等机会，将所学知识运用到实际工作中，提升自己的实际操作能力。
总结起来，国际商务英语的复习资料包括商务词汇、商务写作、商务口语、跨文化交际等方面。
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国际商务英语Packed of deal 一揽子交移民汇款 it refers to Confirming bank 保兑银易the money sent back to 行 the bank that adds its 国际商务英语CFR cost and freight home countries by people own commitment to anL/C.working in a foreign land.名词解释CIF cost,insurance and Bill of exchange 汇票 freightTariff 关税 duties written order drawn by The theory of absolute imposed on goods the beneficiary on the advantage 绝对利益学说 imported and exportedbank for the purpose of expertise 专家意见 payment.Free trade area 自由贸expert knowledge or Maritme 近似的易区skill,esp.in a xonnected with the sea or The invoice 商业发票 it particular field; navigationis the general Creditor country 债权know-how description of the Classification 分类 quality and quantity of Quotation 报价单GDP 国内生产总值 Gross the arrangement of the goods and the unit Domestic Productthings by groupsand total price.A counter-offer 还盘 Assess 评定估定 to Contract 合同 is an Transportation 运输 is Consignment 寄售judge an amount or valueagreement which sets defined as the movement forth binding of freght and passengers Bill of lading 提单Tap 轻打开发分接 to obligations of the from one location to take what is needed relevant parties.another.invoice 发票from,to exploit Oral business Distribution 分配，发行 Beneficiary 受益人Trade liberalization negotiations 口头商业谈combination of related 贸易自由化 of trade, 判oral and written. parts or elements Foreign exchange the act ofgovernment in The former refers to accepted or rejected as a reserves 外汇储备 lifting controls over direct discussions single unit. imports and exportsconducted at trade fairs foreign exchange control or by sending trade Insurance 保险 is a 外汇管制Tariff 关税 tax levied groups abroad or by social device in which a by the customsinviting foreign group of individuals Agency agreement 代理合 customers.transfei risk and 同/协议Revenue 收入 the provides for payment of total annual income of a Force majeure 不可抗力 losses from funds Business correspondence state social or natural contributed by all 商业信函 calamities that take members who transferred Input 投入something place beyond the control risk.Customs duties 关税that is put in businss of a contracting party operationF.P.A.(free from Absolute quota 绝对配额 Firm offer 实盘 an offer particular average) 平承兑Specialization 专业化 whose terms and 安险 is a very limited to restrict one’s conditions are binding cover confining the Gain progit 获利economic activities to on the offerer.insurer’s certain particular liability,stectly Futures trade 世界贸易fieldsInflation 通货膨胀 speaking, to only total 化 rise in prices bruoght loss of the insured Knowledge industry 知识MFN 最惠国 means about by the excess cargo,and partial loss 产业most-favoured-nation demand, expansion of of or damage to the cargo which is a tariff monye supply, credit etc.is answerable only where People’s Bank of China treament.It is the carrying vessel is 中国人民银行bilaterally given and Fluctuation 波动 grounded,sunk or burnt. provides for the lowest irregular movement of Hague Rules 海牙规则tariff in thetariffcode.(prices,exchange rates etc.)Regional economic Business reputation 商Bisible trade it integration is the 业信誉involves the import and Drawee 付款人 the loosest form of regard export ofgoods.person to whom a draft is economic intergration in intellectual property drawn.which members remove 知识产权Immigrant remittance barrier to the flow ofgoods and services among 受到起诉，并被强制做出赔1) What are meant by from New Zealand for Iran themselves while each 偿。
A contract is high income,middle crude oil. B)Counter member still adopts its enforceable by law, and income,and low income purchase: the assumption own policy as regardsto the party that fails to countries according to by an exporter of a trade with outsiders.fulfill his contractual the World Bank? Cite some transferable obligationobligations may be used examples for each group. through separate butand forced to make a)Those enjoying annual linked contract tocompensation.per capita income of accept as full or partial 翻译: ,9386 and above are payment goods and7)尽管有很多好处，反classified as services from the1) International 向贸易可能是风险很大的high-incomecountries.importer or importing business involves more 事。
Despite all its country. C)Buyback: an factors and thus is more advantages, couner trade b)Countries with annual agreement by an exporter complicated than can be very risky per capita income below of plant and equipment todomestic business. 国际business.,9386 but above ,765 take back in the future 贸易一般指不同国家的当 are regarded as part of the output 事人进行的交易，它涉及到8)信用证付款方式对middle-income countries. produced by these goods 许多因素，因而比国内贸易买卖双方都提供保障。