东华大学博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲
东华理工考博英语
东华理工考博英语As an AI, I am happy to assist you with your request. Let's start with the English response first.To prepare for the Donghua University entrance exam for a Ph.D. in English, you should focus on improving your English language skills in all areas, including reading, writing, listening, and speaking. It is important to practice regularly and expose yourself to a variety of English materials such as books, articles, movies, and podcasts. Additionally, you should familiarize yourself with academic writing styles and be able to analyze and critically evaluate texts.In terms of the exam format, you may expect to encounter sections testing your comprehension skills, vocabulary knowledge, grammar proficiency, and writing abilities. It is essential to practice past exam papers and familiarize yourself with the types of questions that may be asked. Time management is also crucial during the exam, so make sure to allocate enough time for each section andprioritize questions based on your strengths.Moreover, consider enrolling in an English language course or hiring a tutor to help you improve your skills and provide valuable feedback on your progress. Practicing with a study partner or joining an English-speaking group can also be beneficial in enhancing your language proficiency.Now, let's switch to the Chinese response.为了准备东华理工大学英语博士入学考试，您应该专注于提高英语语言技能的各个方面，包括阅读、写作、听力和口语。
东华理工大学博士2021年初试英语真题
东华理工大学博士2021年初试英语真题1. In ancient China, people used to send smoke _____ to warn that the enemy were coming.A. signsB. signalsC. symbolsD. marks答案: B解析: 这个题考四个名词的比较, 其中: signs 迹象; signals 信号; symbols 象征; marks 分数.2. The icy conditions made our travel dangerous. So _____ going by car we took the underground.A. instead ofB. in addition toC. as well asD. at the cost of答案: A解析: instead of 代替,而不是; in addition to 除了…之外(还有); as well as 也(除…之外), 既…又…; at the cost of 以…为代价. 这道题横线后面是动名词形式,所以选项C和D首先排除.3. Sometimes my job is boring, but _____ I enjoy it.A. by contrastB. by natureC. on the wholeD. on the average答案: C解析: by contrast 与…相比,后面要跟with, bycontrast with与…相比较; by nature 本性,生性; on the whole 总的来说; on the average 平均.4. I’ll buy the clock _____ it costs.A. whatB. whateverC. whereD. however答案: B解析: 不管花多少钱,我都买下这个钟.5. _____ Mr .Wilson is well again, he can travel.A. Now thatB. So farC. ThoughD. Even if答案: A解析: Now that 既然; So far和现在完成时态连用.Part I Writing1.【题干】For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to makes something happen" You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of being creative rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words, no more than 180 words.【答案】【解析】Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A2.【题干】Question 1A. They admire the courage of space explorers.B. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.C .They were going to watch a wonderful movie.D. They like doing scientific exploration very much.【答案】B【解析】M: Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month?W: Sure. It's actually the most impressive one I've seen on that topic.Q: What do we learn about the speakers?3.【题干】Question 2A. At a gift shop.B. At a graduation ceremony.C .In the office of a travel agency.D .In a school library.【答案】A【解析】W: Are you looking for anything in particular?M: Yes. My son is graduating from high school and I want to get him something special.Q: Where does the conversation most probably takeplace?4.【题干】Question 3A. He used to work in the art gallery.B. He does not have a good memory.C. He declined a job offer form the art gallery.D. He is not interested in any part-time jobs.【答案】C【解析】M: Mike told me yesterday that he'd been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery.W: Really? If I remember right, he had a chance to work there but he turned it down.Q: What does the woman say about Mike?5.【题干】Question 4A. Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.B. He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.C. The woman should have informed him earlier.D .He will be unable to attend the birthday party.【答案】D【解析】W: Would you like to come to Susan's birthday party tomorrow evening?M: I'm going to give a lecture tomorrow. I wish I could be in two places at the same time.Q: What does the man mean?6.【题干】Question 5A. Reward those having made good progress.B. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.C. Assign more workers to the project.D. Encourage the staff to work in small groups.【答案】B【解析】W: Aren't you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making?M: Yes. I think I'll give them a deadline and hold them to it.Q: What is the man probably going to do?7.【题干】Question 6A. The way to the visitor’s parking.B. The rate for parking in LotC.C .How far away the parking lot is.D .Where she can leave her car.【答案】A【解析】W: Excuse me, could you tell me where the visitor's parking is? I left my car there.M: Sure. It's in Lot C, over that way.Q: What does the woman want to know?8.【题干】Question 7A. He regrets missing the classes.B .He plans to take the fitness classes.C. He is looking forward to a better life.D. He has benefited form exercise.【答案】D【解析】W: You look great now that you've taken those fitness classes.M: Thanks. I've never thought better in my life.Q: What does the man mean?9.【题干】Question 8A .How to work efficiency.B. How to select secretaries.C. The responsibilities of secretaries.D. The secretaries in the man’s company.【答案】D【解析】W: I really admire the efficiency of your secretaries.M: Our company selects only the best. They have a heavy workload and we give them a lot of responsibilities.Q: What are the speakers talking about?10.【题干】Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Question 9A. It is more difficult to learn than English.B. It is used by more people than English.C. It will be as commonly used as English.D. It will eventually become a world language.【答案】B【解析】Q: What does the man say about Chinese?W: Hi, Leo. Why do you say English will become the world language?M: Well, for one thing, it's so commonly used. The only language that is used by more people is Chinese.W: Why is English spoken by so many people?M: It's spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire. And now, of course, there's influence of America as well.W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn. But English does have two great advantages.W: What are they?M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words from many other languages as well.W: Why is that?M: Well, partly because English speakers have travelled a lot. They bring back words with them, so English really does have an international vocabulary.W: And what's the other advantage of English?M: It's that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn't have dozens of different endingsfor its nouns, adjectives and verbs, not like Latin, Russian, and German for example.W: Why is that?M: Well, it's quite interesting actually. It's because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language and only the common people spoke English. They try to make the language as simple as possible, so they made the grammar easier.。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-东华大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷19
2022年考研考博-考博英语-东华大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题I didn’t say anything like that at all. You are purposely ______ my idea to prove your point.问题1选项A.revisingB.contradictingC.distortingD.distracting【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。
A项revise“修正、复习、校订”；B项contradict“反驳、否定”；C项distort“扭曲、曲解”；D项distract“转移、分心”；句意：我根本没有那样说，你故意曲解我的观点以证明你的论点。
因此该题C项正确。
2.单选题It makes me sick to think of his highly ______ manners.问题1选项A.artisticB.artfulC.artlessD.artificial【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。
A项artistic“艺术的、有美感的”；B项artful“巧妙的、狡猾的”；C项artless“天真的、朴实的”；D项artificial“人造的、仿造的、虚伪的”；句意：我一想到他那矫揉造作的举止就觉得恶心。
因此该题D项正确。
3.单选题By moving the radar beam around slowly in circles, we can ______ the surroundings.问题1选项A.exploreB.exposeC.exploitD.expand【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。
A项explore“探索、探险”；B项expose“暴露”；C项exploit“利用”；D项expand“扩展”；句意：通过缓慢地绕圈移动雷达波束，我们可以探索周围的环境。
因此该题A4.单选题This is but a________ of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. 问题1选项A.frictionB.fractionC.factionD.fracture【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
东华大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲-东华大学研究生招生网
东华大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲科目编号：857科目名称：染整工艺原理（2）一、考试总体要求“染整工艺原理（2）”包括《染料化学》和《染整工艺原理》（下）两门课内容。
《染料化学》主要考察内容包括：染料、颜料和荧光增白剂的基本概念、应用性能；染料中料合成中采用的亲电取代、亲核置换和成环缩合等诸多单元反应，苯、萘、蒽醌系染料中间体的合成方法；重氮化和偶合反应机理、影响反应的各类因素及其各类芳胺的重氮化方法；染料对光吸收的量子概念，染料颜色和分子结构的关系以及外界条件的影响。
按照染料的应用分类，掌握各类染料、颜料和荧光增白剂的基本特性、化学分类和应用范畴；染料的化学结构与其应用性能的关系，染料应用中所涉及的化学反应及其影响因素。
重点掌握各类染料应用性能及其在应用过程中所涉及的化学反应。
了解染料化学的最新进展及相关的印染技术，具有综合运用所学知识分析问题和解决问题的能力。
《染整工艺原理》（下）主要考察内容包括：染色热力学、动力学，各类染料的染色原理、染色方法及工艺过程；印花原理及各类纤维的印花方法及工艺过程；染料及纤维的结构、性能和染色的关系；染色与印花工艺的制定；染色与印花工艺过程控制；染色与印花工艺条件分析。
二、考试内容及比例(一)染料化学理论基础（15%）1. 染料、颜料和荧光增白剂定义、分类和结构特征。
2. 染料对光吸收的量子概念，化学结构与颜色的关系，外界条件的影响。
3. 商品化加工对染料、颜料和荧光增白剂应用性能的影响。
4. 功能染料的作用机制及其应用领域。
(二)中料与染料的合成化学（15%）1．了解染料中料合成中各单元反应的作用，反应类别，试剂。
2．掌握各类染料的常规合成途径和方法。
3．掌握染料在应用和服用过程中涉及的化学反应类别和影响因素。
(三）染料的应用性能（20%）1. 了解各类染料的应用特性、常规工艺和染色牢度。
2. 熟悉染料的结构与应用性能的关系。
3. 具备合理选用各类染料、制定应用工艺的能力。
东华大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲
东华大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲科目编号：803 科目名称：西方经济学一、考试总体要求西学经济学是经济学及管理学的基础课程，主要内容包括宏观和微观两部分。
微观部分主要包括供求理论、消费者行为理论、企业生产和成本理论、市场竞争理、生产要素的。
宏观部分包括国民收入的衡量及决定理论、就业理论、通货膨胀理论、乘数理论、财政政策与货币政策等。
要求考生了解和掌握西方经济学的基本理论和方法，能够运用西方经济学的基本理论与方法分析和解决现实的经济问题。
二、考试内容及比例《微观经济学》部分（80分）：（一）基本理论导读（10分）1．经济学的性质与研究方法经济学的研究对象、性质和研究方法2．需求供给与市场价格需求和需求的变化；供给和供给的变化；需求与供给弹性；市场均衡价格与均衡产量的决定；蛛网理论。
（二）消费者需求理论（20分）1．消费者行为理论——边际效用分析效用与边际效用；边际效用递减规律；消费者均衡；需求规律；消费者剩余。
2．消费者行为理论——无差异曲线分析基数效用与序数效用；无差异曲线；预算线；消费者均衡；替代效应和收入效应与消费者需求。
（三）供给理论（20分）1．生产理论生产函数；可变比例与报酬递减规律；两种可以相互替代的可变要素与等产量线；厂商均衡；生产规模的报酬。
2．成本理论成本的含义；短期成本和长期成本。
（四）市场与价格的决定（15分）1．完全竞争市场的价格与产量决定市场与市场结构；完全竞争的涵义和特点；完全竞争市场的厂商和行业的短期、长期均衡。
2．完全垄断市场的价格和产量的决定。
不完全竞争的市场结构；垄断厂商均衡价格和产量决定；垄断厂商的差别定价；垄断与完全竞争的比较。
3．垄断竞争与寡头垄断的厂商均衡和行业均衡垄断竞争；垄断竞争的厂商均衡和行业均衡；垄断与完全竞争的比较；寡头垄断行业的价格和产量的决定。
（五）生产要素的价格与收入分配理论（15分）1．生产要素价格的决定生产资源的价格与分配理论；生产要素与生产要素的需求；生产要素的供给与要素价格的决定。
东华大学博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲
东华大学博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲东华大学博士研究生入学英语考试是为招收博士研究生而设置，属选拔考试。
根据国家教委颁布的《硕士、博士学位研究生英语教学大纲》的规定：博士生入学时英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生毕业时应达到的水平，本考试以《大学英语教学大纲（文理科用）》中对大学英语六级水平的具体要求为主要依据，兼顾其他同等程度的教材和硕士毕业生应达到的英语水平要求，测试考生在英语语法、词汇、阅读、写作及翻译等方面的语言应用能力，择优选拔，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平和应用能力。
一、评价目标要求考生掌握下列语言知识和技能：二、考试形式考试形式为笔试，时间为180分钟。
满分为100分。
整份试卷包括试题集和答题纸两部份。
考生应将试题集Paper One 部分的1 –80题的答案按要求用2B铅笔做在答题纸上，将Paper Two 部分的翻译和写作用蓝、黑色钢笔或水笔字迹工整地写在相应的答题纸上。
三、试卷结构和内容试题集有两部分构成：Paper One 为客观题，共四大项80题（占总分75%），包括词汇和句子结构（10%），辨错（10%），阅读（45%）和完形填空（10%）；Paper Two 为主观题，共二大项，（占总分25%），包括翻译（汉译英10%）和写作（15%）。
第一部分词汇（10%）由20题组成（20题x 0.5分）。
词汇题主要测试考生所掌握的词汇水平和运用词汇的能力。
按原国家教委颁布的《硕士、博士英语教学大纲》明确的定性和定量要求的规定，硕士生毕业时应理解性地掌握大约6000个英语常用词（组）。
第二部分辨错并改错（10%）由10题组成（10题x 1分)。
主要测试考生掌握并正确运用语言的能力。
考查的重点语法项目是：制约句子逻辑关系的连词和关系词；体现句子行为者主语其情感、意图、行为、判断的动词的时态、语态、情态动词和虚拟语气；使句子变得多姿多彩的非谓语动词、省略和倒装。
第三部分完形填空（10%）该部分为一篇240-280的文章，题材包括科技，经济，文化，教育，社会生活，人物传记等。
东华大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲
东华大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲科目编号：873 科目名称：机械工程基础A卷、B卷、C卷满分均为150分，任选其一即可。
A卷：机械原理一、考试总体要求机械原理是研究机构组成、机构性能分析、机构及机构系统设计的基本理论和方法的专业基础课程，在内容上以加强与拓宽基础为基本点，特别强调注意掌握各部分的基本概念、基本理论、基本方法和基本技能。
要求考生能够系统地掌握平面机构的结构分析、平面机构的运动分析与力分析、常用机构的几何计算与运动设计，机构及其系统动力学计算的基本知识，并具有综合运用所学知识分析问题和解决问题的能力。
二、考试内容（一）平面机构结构分析1、平面运动副及其分类2、平面机构运动简图3、平面机构的自由度4、平面机构的高副低代5、平面机构的结构分析（二）平面机构的运动分析1、速度瞬心法及其在机构速度分析上的应用2、用矢量方程图解法对机构进行运动分析（三）机械中的摩擦和机械效率（专业型考生不要求）1、运动副中的摩擦及运动副反力的确定2、斜面、螺旋机构的效率及自锁3、串、并、混联机组的效率（四）平面连杆机构及其设计1、铰链四杆机构的基本类型，演化和应用2、曲柄存在条件、行程速比系数、传动角、压力角和死点3、图解法设计四机构（五）凸轮机构及其设计1、凸轮机构的类型、特点及应用2、推杆基本运动规律的运动线图及其特征3、盘形凸轮轮廓曲线的图解法设计4、凸轮机构的压力角及自锁5、凸轮机构基圆半径、滚子半径选择6、凸轮机构解析法设计的基本知识（六）齿轮机构及其设计1、齿轮机构的应用、特点和分类2、齿廓啮合基本定律3、圆的渐开线及其性质4、渐开线齿廓的啮合及其特点5、渐开线标准直齿圆柱齿轮的基本参数和几何尺寸6、渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮传动的啮合过程、正确啮合和无侧隙啮合7、渐开线齿轮传动的重合度8、渐开线齿廓的加工和根切9、变位齿轮机构的基本知识10、平行轴斜齿圆柱齿轮机构11、蜗杆蜗轮机构12、锥齿轮机构（七）齿轮系及其设计1、轮系的分类、特点和应用2、定轴轮系、周转轮系和复合轮系的传动比计算3、轮系的功用（八）平面机构的平衡1、平衡的目的与分类2、刚性回转件的静平衡与动平衡（九）机械的运转及其速度波动的调节（专业型考生不要求）1、单自由度机械系统等效力学模型及运动方程式2、飞轮调速原理（十）其它常用机构1、间歇运动机构2、组合机构三、试题类型1. 选择题、填空题、是非题2、简答题3、计算题、作图题四、考试形式及时间考试形式：笔试；考试时间：每年由教育部统一规定。
博士学位英语考试大纲
8. A. The woman argued for her innocence at court. B. The woman complained that she was forced to pay the fine. C. The woman has got away with many violations of traffic law. D. The woman pleaded ignorance this time of her violation of the traffic law.
5. A. He forgot to mail the letter. B. He left the letter in his office. C. The letter slipped off his desk. D. He should have put the letter in his bag.
Questions 11 to 15 are based on a talk about the concept of community.
You now have 30 seconds to read Questions 11 to 15.
11. A village, or town, or ____________ can be called an area of social life. 12. The speaker states that it is ____________ that people in a community should
2024年博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲
2024年博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hey guys! Are you ready for the 2024 Ph.D. entrance exam? Here's a sneak peek at the English exam outline:1. Reading Comprehension:You'll read passages on various topics, like science, history, and literature. Then, answer questions to test your understanding.2. Vocabulary:Brush up on your word skills! You'll be asked to define words, match them to their meanings, and use them in sentences.3. Grammar:Watch out for those tricky grammar rules! Be prepared to identify errors in sentences and fix them.4. Writing:Show off your writing skills by composing essays on given topics. Remember to organize your ideas, use proper grammar, and support your arguments with examples.5. Listening:Listen to recordings of conversations, lectures, or interviews. Then, answer questions to show how well you understood the spoken English.6. Speaking:Finally, the speaking section! You'll have to talk about a given topic for a certain amount of time. Practice speaking clearly and confidently.Remember to study hard, stay focused, and do your best on the exam. Good luck, future Ph.D. students! You got this!篇2Title: Entrance Exam Outline for 2024 Doctoral StudentsHey guys! Are you ready to ace the entrance exam for your Ph.D. program in 2024? I'm here to give you all the deets on what to expect so you can totally crush it!1. Reading Comprehension: You'll be asked to read a few passages and answer questions about them. Make sure to read carefully and go back to the text to find the answers.2. Vocabulary: Get ready to show off your word knowledge! You'll need to know the meanings of some tricky words and how to use them in sentences.3. Grammar: Brush up on your grammar rules because you'll be tested on things like verb tenses, subject-verb agreement, and punctuation.4. Writing: You might have to write an essay or a short response to a prompt. Make sure to organize your thoughts and use clear, concise language.5. Listening: There will be some listening exercises where you'll have to answer questions about what you hear. Pay attention and take notes if it helps!6. Speaking: You might have to do a speaking task like describing a picture or answering questions about yourself. Speak clearly and confidently!Remember, the key to doing well on the exam is to prepare ahead of time. Study your English skills, practice with samplequestions, and get plenty of rest before the big day. Good luck, future doctors! You've got this!篇3Hello everyone, I am little Timmy, and today I am going to tell you all about the entrance exam for the 2024 Doctoral Program in English. Are you ready? Let's get started!First of all, there will be a listening section where you have to listen to a short audio clip and answer questions about it. It could be a conversation between two people or a story. Make sure to pay attention and take notes if you need to.Next, there will be a reading comprehension section where you will read passages and answer questions to show your understanding. Make sure to read carefully and take your time. Don't rush!After that, there will be a writing section where you have to write an essay on a given topic. Make sure to organize your thoughts and write clearly. Don't forget to check for spelling and grammar mistakes!Lastly, there will be a speaking section where you will have to talk about a topic for a few minutes. Practice speaking English as much as you can before the exam so you feel confident.Remember, the key to doing well on the exam is to practice, practice, practice! Study hard and don't be afraid to ask for help if you need it. You can do it!Good luck to all the little scholars taking the exam. You can do it!篇4Hello everyone! Today I'm going to tell you all about the entrance exam for doctoral students in 2024. It's going to be super exciting, so buckle up and let's dive in!First off, the English exam is going to test your reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. You'll need to show that you can understand complex passages, write a cohesive essay, listen to lectures and discussions, and participate in conversations. It's important to prepare in advance by studying vocabulary, grammar, and practicing your English skills every day.In the reading section, you'll be asked to read passages on various topics and answer questions to show your comprehension. Make sure to read carefully and take your time to understand the main points of each passage. Practice reading academic articles, essays, and scientific papers to get used to the type of reading you'll encounter in the exam.Next, the writing section will require you to write an essay on a given topic. You'll need to organize your ideas cohesively, support your arguments with evidence, and demonstrate your critical thinking skills. Practice writing essays on different topics and ask for feedback from teachers or peers to improve your writing skills.For the listening section, you'll listen to lectures, discussions, and conversations and answer questions to demonstrate your listening comprehension. Pay close attention to the main ideas, key details, and relationships between speakers to answer the questions accurately. Practice listening to podcasts, TED talks, and academic lectures to improve your listening skills.Lastly, the speaking section will test your ability to communicate verbally in English. You'll be asked questions and engage in conversations with examiners to demonstrate your speaking skills. Practice speaking English regularly with nativespeakers or language partners to improve your pronunciation, fluency, and confidence in speaking.In conclusion, the 2024 doctoral entrance exam will be a challenging but rewarding opportunity to showcase your English skills and pursue your academic goals. Remember to study hard, practice consistently, and stay confident in your abilities. Good luck to all the aspiring doctoral students out there - you've got this!篇5Title: 2024 Ph.D. Graduate School Entrance Exam English Exam OutlineHey there, future doctoral students! Are you ready to rock the 2024 entrance exam for graduate school? We've got you covered with the English exam outline to help you prepare and succeed in the big test. Let's dive into it!1. Reading Comprehension:You will be tested on your ability to understand and analyze academic texts. You'll be asked to read passages on various topics and answer questions to demonstrate yourcomprehension skills. Make sure to read carefully and pay attention to details.2. Vocabulary and Grammar:You'll need to show off your knowledge of English vocabulary and grammar. Be prepared to identify synonyms, antonyms, and complete sentences with appropriate words. Brush up on your verb tenses, prepositions, and sentence structure to ace this section.3. Writing Skills:Get ready to put your writing skills to the test! You'll be asked to write essays or short responses on given prompts. Make sure to organize your thoughts coherently, use proper grammar and punctuation, and develop your ideas with clear examples. Practice writing before the exam to improve your skills.4. Listening Comprehension:Listening skills are crucial for academic success. You'll be required to listen to lectures or conversations and answer questions based on the information provided. Focus on understanding the main ideas, key details, and supporting arguments.5. Speaking Skills:The speaking section will assess your ability to communicate effectively in English. You may be asked to participate in conversations, present ideas, or give a speech. Practice speaking fluently, clearly, and confidently to showcase your communication skills.Remember, preparation is key to success! Study regularly, practice different types of questions, and seek help from teachers or tutors if needed. Stay confident, stay focused, and give it your best shot on exam day. Good luck, future scholars! You've got this!篇6Hello everyone! I'm super excited to share with you the English exam outline for the 2024 doctoral entrance exam. Okay, let's dive in!1. Reading Comprehension- Read a passage and answer questions to test your understanding of the text.- Questions may include identifying main ideas, making inferences, and analyzing the author's purpose.2. Vocabulary and Grammar- Complete sentences with the correct words or phrases.- Identify grammatical errors and correct them.- Choose the best synonym or antonym for a given word.3. Writing- Write an essay on a given topic, expressing your opinions and supporting them with reasons and examples.- Summarize a passage in your own words.- Write a formal email or letter in response to a given situation.4. Listening Comprehension- Listen to conversations or lectures and answer questions based on what you hear.- Fill in missing information in a dialogue.- Identify the main idea or purpose of a recording.5. Speaking- Participate in a conversation with the examiner, discussing a given topic.- Give a short presentation on a specific topic, using visuals if necessary.- Answer questions on the spot, demonstrating your ability to think quickly and articulate your thoughts clearly.Don't forget to review your English grammar and vocabulary regularly, practice reading and listening to English materials, and work on your writing and speaking skills. Good luck with your exam preparation, and remember to have fun while learning English!篇7Hey guys, guess what? I have some super cool news for you!I just found out about the English exam outline for the 2024 Ph.D. graduate school entrance exam! Isn't that awesome?So, in the exam, we're gonna have to show off our English skills in a bunch of different ways. We'll have to do things like reading comprehension, writing essays, and answering grammar questions. But don't worry, I know we can totally rock this exam!First up, there's gonna be a reading comprehension section where we read some passages and answer questions about them.We gotta make sure we understand what we're reading and can find the main ideas and details.Next, we'll have to write some essays on different topics. We gotta make sure our writing is clear, organized, and has good grammar and vocabulary. I know we're all super smart, so we can totally nail this part!And finally, there's gonna be some grammar questions to test our knowledge of English grammar rules. We gotta know things like verb tenses, prepositions, and punctuation. But I know we've all been studying hard, so we'll totally crush this part too!Overall, the exam is gonna test our English skills in a bunch of different ways. But I know we've all been working super hard and we're gonna do amazing. Let's go show everyone how awesome we are at English! Woo hoo!篇8Hello everyone! Today I'm going to share with you the English exam outline for the 2024 Doctoral Entrance Exam. It's going to be super duper fun, so let's get started!1. Reading Comprehension- Read a passage and answer questions about the main idea, details, and vocabulary.- Might have multiple-choice questions, true/false questions, and short-answer questions.- Practice reading different types of texts like articles, stories, and reports.2. Vocabulary and Grammar- Fill in the blanks with the correct word or phrase.- Identify the parts of speech (noun, verb, adjective, adverb, etc.).- Correct the grammar mistakes in sentences.- Learn new words and practice using them in sentences.3. Writing- Write a short essay on a given topic.- Include an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.- Use linking words to connect your ideas.- Check your spelling, punctuation, and grammar.4. Speaking- Talk about a topic for a few minutes without stopping.- Answer questions about yourself and your opinions.- Practice speaking clearly and confidently.- Listen to recordings and practice repeating after them.5. Listening- Listen to a recording and answer questions about the content.- Pay attention to the main idea, details, and speaker's tone.- Practice listening to different accents and speeds.- Take notes while listening to help you remember key points.Remember to practice a little bit every day to prepare for the exam. Good luck, future scholars! You can do it!篇9Hello everyone! Today I'm gonna share the big news about the entrance exam for the doctoral program in 2024. Are youexcited? Well, let me break it down for you in a simple and fun way!First of all, the exam will have three main parts: listening, reading, and writing. In the listening section, you'll have to listen to conversations and answer questions about them. So make sure to practice your listening skills by watching English movies and TV shows!Next up is the reading section, where you'll have to read passages and answer questions. Remember to pay attention to details and take your time to understand the text. You can also practice by reading English books and articles.Last but not least is the writing section. You'll have to write essays on various topics, so make sure to practice your writing skills by writing every day. Remember to use proper grammar, punctuation, and vocabulary to impress the examiners!In addition to these three main sections, there will also be a speaking test where you'll have to have a conversation with the examiners. So practice speaking English with your friends or even in front of a mirror to boost your confidence!Overall, the key to doing well in the exam is to practice, practice, practice! Don't worry if you make mistakes, just keeplearning and improving. With hard work and dedication, I'm sure you'll do great in the 2024 entrance exam for the doctoral program. Good luck everyone, you got this!篇10Dear students,Welcome to the 2024 PhD entrance examination! We're so excited to have you all here to take part in this big test. We know it can be a little nerve-wracking, but don't worry, we believe in you!First off, let's talk about what's going to be on the exam. You can expect to see questions on a variety of topics, including your field of study, general knowledge, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. The exam will be divided into multiple sections, each testing different aspects of your abilities.In the first section, you'll be asked to demonstrate your knowledge of your field of study. This might include questions about key concepts, major figures in the field, and recent developments. Make sure to review your notes and textbooks before the exam to refresh your memory!The second section will test your general knowledge. You might be asked questions about current events, popular culture, or historical events. Stay up to date on the news and try to read widely to prepare for this section.The third section will focus on critical thinking. You'll be presented with scenarios or arguments and asked to analyze them, identify flaws, and make logical conclusions. Practice thinking critically about the world around you to do well on this part of the exam.Finally, the fourth section will test your problem-solving skills. You might be given a complex problem and asked to come up with a solution, or asked to explain your thought process for solving a puzzle. Practice thinking creatively and approaching problems from different angles to excel on this section.Remember, the most important thing is to stay calm and do your best. Good luck, and we look forward to seeing all the amazing things you will accomplish in your future academic career!Sincerely,The Examination Committee。
东华大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲
东华大学硕士研究生入学考试大纲科目编号：科目名称：管理学原理一、考试总体要求管理学是一门系统地研究人类管理活动基本原理和普遍规律，为管理活动提供一般理论、思想和方法的学科。
作为管理学科的基础理论课程，主要内容包括管理概念、管理的基本原理与方法、管理发展史与管理理论主要流派，以及计划、组织、领导、控制等管理职能。
要求考生掌握管理学基本原理和方法，熟悉管理思想的演变，能够综合运用管理学的知识和方法认识管理的前沿理论与实践问题，重点考核学生对基本概念和原理的掌握程度，以及分析问题和解决问题的能力。
二、考试内容及比例(一)管理、管理者与管理基本原理（）. 掌握和理解管理的概念与管理的性质. 掌握管理者的角色与技能. 熟悉管理的基本原理与方法(二)管理的历史与管理思想（）．古典管理理论。
()了解史前的积累. 历史上管理实践的主要领域；.史前的管理实践和管理思想。
()掌握泰勒的科学管理理论.泰勒简况；. 泰勒制的要点；. 泰勒最根本的贡献。
()掌握法约尔的管理职能及一般管理. 法约尔简况及其贡献；.六种经营活动和五大管理职能；.管理的一般性；条管理原则。
()掌握马克斯·韦伯的行政组织理论.马克斯·韦伯的行政组织理论；.权威的基础；. 官僚制的特征；.官僚制的优越性。
．近代管理的发展()了解巴纳德的一般组织管理原理.巴纳德及其代表作；. 组织论的管理论；.正式组织与非正式组织理论；.组织平衡理论；.管理人员的职能；.巴纳德的重要影响。
()掌握梅奥的人际关系学说. 梅奥简况；. 霍桑实验及其结论()熟悉行为科学研究的主要方面．当代管理理论()了解管理理论中的主要流派 . 管理理论的主要流派；.管理过程流派研究的重点和主要代表人物；.管理科学流派的主张, 运筹学和电子计算机技术的应用；.组织管理流派关心的主要问题, 巴纳德之后的丰富和发展；.行为科学流派研究的角度和重点；.经验管理流派。
()掌握理解管理发展的新趋势.企业文化理论；.权变管理理论；.信息技术对管理的影响；. 管理伦理和企业社会责任(三）决策与计划（）. 掌握管理决策的定义、类型、过程和方法。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
东华大学博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲
东华大学博士研究生入学英语考试是为招收博士研究生而设置，属选拔考试。
根据国家教委颁布的《硕士、博士学位研究生英语教学大纲》的规定：博士生入学时英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生毕业时应达到的水平，本考试以《大学英语教学大纲（文理科用）》中对大学英语六级水平的具体要求为主要依据，兼顾其他同等程度的教材和硕士毕业生应达到的英语水平要求，测试考生在英语语法、词汇、阅读、写作及翻译等方面的语言应用能力，择优选拔，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平和应用能力。
一、评价目标
要求考生掌握下列语言知识和技能：
二、考试形式
考试形式为笔试，时间为180分钟。
满分为100分。
整份试卷包括试题集和答题纸两部份。
考生应将试题集Paper One 部分的1 –80题的答案按要求用2B铅笔做在答题纸上，将Paper Two 部分的翻译和写作用蓝、黑色钢笔或水笔字迹工整地写在相应的答题纸上。
三、试卷结构和内容
试题集有两部分构成：Paper One 为客观题，共四大项80题（占总分75%），包括词汇和句子结构（10%），辨错（10%），阅读（45%）和完形填空（10%）；Paper Two 为主观题，共二大项，（占总分25%），包括翻译（汉译英10%）和写作（15%）。
第一部分词汇（10%）
由20题组成（20题x 0.5分）。
词汇题主要测试考生所掌握的词汇水平和运用词汇的能力。
按原国家教委颁布的《硕士、博士英语教学大纲》明确的定性和定量要求的规定，硕士生毕业时应理解性地掌握大约6000个英语常用词（组）。
第二部分辨错并改错（10%）
由10题组成（10题x 1分)。
主要测试考生掌握并正确运用语言的能力。
考查的重点语法项目是：制约句子逻辑关系的连词和关系词；体现句子行为者主语其情感、意图、行为、判断的动词的时态、语态、情态动词和虚拟语气；使句子变得多姿多彩的非谓语动词、省略和倒装。
第三部分完形填空（10%）
该部分为一篇240-280的文章，题材包括科技，经济，文化，教育，社会生活，人物传记等。
文章有20 个空档，共20题。
考试形式为多项选择，即要求考生从每题给出的四选项中选出一个最佳答案，填入文章空白处，使补足后的文章意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。
第四部分阅读（45%）
由六篇阅读文章和30个理解选择题组成（30题x1.5分）。
要求考生在70分钟内完成六篇文章阅读，所选文章体裁包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；题材涉及到科普、社会生活、人文学科、小说、教育、经济等。
测试考生的阅读速度、获取信息的能力、阅读技巧、以及记忆性理解程度和信息处理、分析综合等多方面的能力。
要求考生能快速阅读各类题材的文章；准确理解并归纳其要义以及作者的基本观点和态度；把握各层次段落与主题的逻辑关系；通过合理的判断、推理来理解文章的深层含义；根据语境的暗示来猜测词义。
第五部分翻译（10%）
汉译英段落约为150个汉词，20分钟完成。
考查考生使用恰当的词汇和句型，运用基本技巧准确进行语言转换的能力。
所译英文句子需符合语法规则，要注意时态语态、搭配、单词拼写、大小写及标点符号的正确使用。
第六部分写作（15%）
考查考生的书面表达能力，以及对社会重大事件的关注程度、敏感性和分析、评论的能力。
要求考生根据所规定的情景或给定的题目，在30分钟内完成200词左右的作文。
观点正确，内容翔实，言之有物，有说服力。
语言通顺，句式有变化，错误少。
整份试卷的题目数、计分和考试时间列表如下：。