英汉互译-18

Translation
18
时序法(按事件先后顺序翻译)
• We had been dismayed at home while reading of the natural disasters that followed one another for three years after we left China in 1959. • 我们于1959年离开了中国。此后，中国连 续三年遭受自然灾害。我们在国内看到这 些消息时，心情颇为沉重。
Translation
17
• 该理论的核心是，我们的环境同我们的才 能、性格特征和行为的关系甚微。 • That our environment has very little to do with our abilities, character and behavior is central to this theory.
Translation
15
• 为了生存，为了自己和子孙后代的衣食住 行，人类和大自然不断进行斗争。 • In order to survive, to feed, clothe and shelter himself and his children, man is engaged in a constant struggle with nature.
Translation
9
修饰形容词 • John did not distinguish himself as a student, but he was very active in class. • 约翰当年并不是个出色的学生，但他在班 上很活跃。
Translation
10
修饰动词 • Modern science and technology are developing rapidly. • 现代科学技术正在飞速发展。
Translation
23
Adjectives (形容词) • He is an identifiable trouble. • 他是个麻烦，大家都看得出来。 • He had long been held in cordial contempt by his peers; now that contempt was no longer cordial. • 长期以来，同事们虽然看不起他，却还对 他有些亲切感；现在，连亲切感也没有了 Translation 。
• 将近傍晚，法军的攻势逐渐松懈，或许因 为他们除了英国人之外还有别的交战敌人 ，或许正在准备发动最后的一次总攻。
Translation
33
• The remembrance rankles still in the bosoms of millions of the countrymen. They pant for an opportunity of revenging that humiliation. • 千百万同胞们至今回想起此事依然觉得懊 丧，恨不得有机会赶快报仇雪耻。
• 他摇了摇头，两眼瞪得圆圆的，接着又眯 成一条线，脸上露出了愤怒的神色。
Translation
26
Participle Phrases (分词短语) • He dismisses my suggestion, regarding it as sheer nonsense. • 他根本没理会我的建议，将其视为一派胡 言。 • I feel at home among my students, moving confidently without fear. • 我和学生在一起时，心里踏实，无忧无虑 。 Translation
31
合并法 • 简单句 • 主从复合句 • 并列复合句
Translation
32
简单句
• Towards evening, the attack of the French slackened in its fury. They had other foes besides the British to engage, or were preparing for a final onset.
Translation
30
Clauses (从句) • He visited many places, in all of which he was received with the usual enthusiasm which attended his arduous labors. • *他访问了许多地方，到处受到对他的艰苦 努力所一贯表示的热情欢迎。 • [修改]:他访问了许多地方，到处受到热情 的欢迎。他的艰苦努力是一贯受到热情欢 迎的。 Translation
• • • • • •
I talked to him with brutal frankness. 我对他讲的话，虽然逆耳，却是忠言。 Their power increased with their number. 他们人数增加了，力量也随之增强。 He took a house on a lease of ten years. 他租了一栋房子，租期为十年。
Translation
20
拆分法 • 单词 – 副 词 形容词 名 词 • 短语 – 分词短语 – 名词短语 – 介词短语 • 从句
Translation
21
Adverbs (副词) • The child seemed justifiably proud of his achievements.
Translation
பைடு நூலகம்
19
• It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone the visit I had intended to pay to China in January. • 我原打算在今年一月访问中国，可后来不 得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。
Translation
7
短语作定语 • • • • A building project of apartment houses 一个公寓大楼的建筑项目 A candidate with little chance of success 一个当选希望渺茫的候选人
Translation
8
状语的位置 • 单词作状语--– 修饰形容词 – 修饰动词 • 短语作状语
• *最后，对其结果并无真正信心，只是抱有 最后一点希望，成立了一个小组委员会， 试图调解他们之间的分歧。
Translation
28
• [修改]:最后成立了一个小组委员会试图调 解他们之间的分歧。这只是最后一点希望 ，对其结果如何并非真有信心。
Translation
29
Prepositional Phrases 介词短语
• 真理是坚韧的，不会像气泡那样一触即破 ；不仅如此，它还可以像足球一样，整天 任人踢来踢去，到晚上却照样圆鼓鼓的。
Translation
12
• 他1963年10月10日上午10点出生在东北的 黑龙江省佳木斯市。 • He was born in Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province in northeast China at 10 A. M. on the 10th of October, 1963.
第十八讲 语序调整法 Restructuring 主讲教师：夏甘霖
Translation
• 语序指句子成分排列的次序，它是词语和 句子成分之间关系的体现，反映语言使用 者的逻辑思维和心理结构模式。 • 由于英汉两语句法结构和表达习惯各异， 有些句子的词序、语序在英汉互译时，必 须加以调整，才能符合目的语的表达习惯 。具体包括：词序调整和句序调整。
Translation
16
逆序法（颠倒原句首尾翻译） • He was dumb-founded at her insistence that he explain where every cent of his allowance had gone. • 她非要他讲清楚他津贴中的每一分钱都到 哪儿去了，这弄得他哑口无言。
Translation
34
Complex Sentences (从句)
• That he will come to the discussion is certain. • 他肯定会来参加讨论的。 • The question is whether we can finish the work on time. • 问题是我们能否能按时完成工作。
Translation
2
词序调整
• 固定用法 • 表达习惯 – 定语的位置 – 状语的位置
Translation
3
• • • • • • •
固定用法 iron and steel plant export and import track and field popular modern songs look right and left life and death land and water
• 单词作定语 • 短语作定语
Translation
6
单词作定语 • • • • • • a research-orientated university 一所以科研为重点的（研究型）大学 the banker’s little garden 银行老板的小花园 the ancient Chinese craftsmanship 中国古代工艺
Translation
11
短语作状语 • Truth is tough. It will not break, like a bubble, at a touch; nay, you may kick it about all day like a football, and it will be round and full at evening.