托福阅读总分结构

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托福阅读算分对照表

托福阅读算分对照表

托福之后,托福的阅读到底应该如何算分?一直是很多托福考生所关心的,因为到底如何算分儿,直接决定了分数的高低。

托福的算分体系,和其他考试的算分体系不是特别一致,分为原始分Raw Point和实际得分Scaled Score(ETS官方称之为分数量表)。

托福阅读实际得分满分是30分,但是原来题目数,三篇文章一共是42道题,如果每个题是1分的话,再加上最后一个题是2分,那么很显然总分应该是45分才对,但是实际上总分是30分。

这就涉及到了一个实际分数,到底如何换算的问题?新托福阅读分数对照表:托福官方其实给了一个换算表,在这份换算表当中,各位托友都可以发现,它的原始分和实际得分并不是匀速变化的。

在最初全对和哪怕仅仅错1个题的时候,其实还是有30分。

接下来错2个,3个,4个题的时候,其实都是得29分。

也就是在最初的时候,ETS对于错题数的容忍度比较高,错一个题给你满分,接下来哪怕你做4个,其实也是有29分的。

下面的以此类推,错5个和6个都是得28分,错7个和8个都是得27分,错9个和10个都是得26分,但是接下来的扣分就接近于匀速了,每错1个扣1分,再错1个再扣1分。

直到最后,当错题原始分Raw Point达到30分的时候,实际得分就已经变成了0分。

接下来不管再错多少题,也还都是0分。

换句话说,阅读的算分机制,其实是按照错题数来计算,会比较好计算。

而且当我们看到最后的时候,也会发现,不管你做对了4个题,还是做对8个题1或者做对9个题,其实还都是0分,但是你想一想,做对4个题和做对9个题,其实差别还是挺大的。

但是不管怎样,托福是按照错题数来进行扣分的,而托福官方宣布的是,分数量表Scaled Score是没有改变的。

因此相应的,是总分没有改变,但是在这个里面最有趣的就是,这里面的分数量表所对应的原始分Raw Point其实是发生了改变的,因为你题目数变化,题目数减少了,必然会导致原始分Raw Point 有变化。

托福评分标准与评分对照表

托福评分标准与评分对照表

托福评分标准与评分对照表托福评分标准是托福考试的重要标准之一,高品质的评分标准可以为考试者提供准确评估分数的依据,更全面地了解自己的水平。

本文将介绍托福成绩评分标准和评分对照表的相关参考内容。

托福评分标准主要分为四个部分:阅读、写作、听力和口语,其中每个部分的分数都在0-30之间,总分则为0-120。

下面我们将对这四个部分进行具体介绍:1.阅读在托福阅读中,考生需要阅读四篇文章并回答相关问题。

阅读部分的总分为30分,分为以下几个方面:-理解和分析:包括理解内容和分析信息等方面,其中内容理解的比重为80%。

-有效性和准确性:表现在对关键信息的理解和准确性上。

-解释和推理:主要体现在评估文章中表达的观点和主题等方面。

2.写作托福写作包含两个部分:独立写作和综合写作。

整个写作分为0-30分,具体评分标准如下:-任务完成:主要对作文的内容进行评估,包括文章结构和思路等方面。

-组织结构和完整性:主要体现在文章的结构和段落连贯性上。

-语法、使用和语言:主要考察作文的用语和表达能力,包括语法、词汇使用和表达能力等方面。

3.听力托福听力分为听力和听语音测试两部分。

考生需要听取若干对话和讲座并回答问题。

托福听力的具体评分标准如下:-理解和分析:主要考察考生对对话或讲座的理解和分析能力。

-有效性和准确性:主要体现在对关键信息的准确把握和检测上。

-产生结论和解释信息:主要考察考生将所听到的信息转化为有意义的结论和解释。

4.口语在托福口语考试中,考生需要回答独立和综合口语题。

口语的评分标准如下:-有效性和准确性:主要考察考生的语法和发音准确度,以及思路的清晰度。

-表达和组织思路:主要考察考生的表达能力和思路的组织能力。

-语言使用:主要体现在考生的词汇使用和语言的流畅度上。

总的来说,参照托福评分标准和评分对照表是非常有必要的,这可以帮助考生更好地了解自己的强项和弱项,并制定更为有效的备考策略。

同时,考生也可以通过参照评分标准来更好地掌握考试技巧,从而在考试中取得更好的成绩。

托福算分

托福算分

托福阅读算分:托福考试记分方式及标准托福考试的记分方式TOEFL考试的成绩分两步计算(最高分为667分):(1)算出听力、结构与表面表达部分、词汇与阅读等三个部分的基本分,每个部分的基本分等于该部分所选择正确的答案数。

(2)按照TOEFL分数转换表将各部分的基本分转化为标准分,然后TOEFL总分=(Listening + Structure + Reading)x10/3即:(听力部分得分+语法和结构部分得分+阅读部分得分)x10/3大学对托福分数的要求?外国大多数院校都是以TOEFL考试成绩的好坏来决定录取外国学生的。

并且相当多数的院校规定了申请者的最低TOEFL录取分数线,把它作为录取外国学生的一个重要依据。

考生的TOEFL成绩越好,争取奖学金的成功率自然也就越大。

一般来说,如果中国考生的TOEFL 成绩能达到570分,则很有可能被普通大学的研究生院录取;如果能考到620分左右,则申请奖学金的机会就更大了。

TOEFL报考指南——评分标准新托福听力评分标准新托福听力一共是6篇文章,34道题,在6篇文章中所有回答正确的题目数量加起来就是你的“total points”。

在表格题中,所有的项目都要回答正确,这个表格题才算是拿到了point。

在双项选择题中,只有把两个正确答案都选出来才算拿到了point,少选、多选或者误选都不行。

正确题目个得分正确题目个数得分正确题目个数得分数3430932115332983201432277219133126621811302551179292440168282330158272220147262110136251900125241722151142316104新托福口语评分标准Speaking Scoring Criteria of Next Generation iBT TOEFL TestIn the Speaking section, you will receive a score of 0 through 5; this score of 0 through then be converted to a scaled score out of 30. The criteria for Speaking scores of 0 through 4 are listed below.4 ANSWER TOQUESTIONThe student answers the question thoroughly. COMPREHENSIBILITY The student can be understood completely. ORGANIZATIONThe student's response is well organized anddeveloped.FLUENCY The student's speech is generally fluent. PRONUNCIATION The student has generally good pronunciation. GRAMMARThe student uses advanced grammaticalstructure with a high degree of accuracy. VOCABULARYThe student uses advanced vocabulary with ahigh degree of accuracy.3 ANSWER TOQUESTIONThe student answers the questions adequatelybut not thoroughly.COMPREHENSIBILITY The student can generally be understood. ORGANIZATIONThe student's response is organized basicallyand is not thoroughly developed.FLUENCYThe student's speech is generally fluent, withminor problems.PRONUNCIATIONThe student has generally good pronunciation,with minor problems.GRAMMARThe student uses either accurate easiergrammatical structures or more advancedgrammatical structures with some errors. VOCABULARYThe student uses either accurate easiervocabulary or more advanced vocabulary withsome errors.2 ANSWER TOQUESTIONThe student discusses information from the taskbut does not answer the question directly. COMPREHENSIBILITYThe student is not always intelligible inaccuratepoints.ORGANIZATIONThe students response is not clearly organizedam is incomplete or contains some inaccuratepoints.FLUENCYThe student's speech is not very fluent and hasa number of problems.PRONUNCIATIONThe students pronunciation is not very clear,with a number of problems.GRAMMARThe student has a number of errors in grammaror uses only very basic grammar fairlyaccurately.VOCABULARY The student has a number of errors in vocabulary or uses only very basic vocabulary fairly accurately.1 ANSWER TOQUESTIONThe student's response is only slightly related tothe topic.COMPREHENSIBILITY The student is only occasionally intelligible. ORGANIZATIONThe student's response is not clearly organizedand is only minimally on the topic.FLUENCYThe student has problems with fluency thatmake the response difficult to understand. PRONUNCIATIONThe student has problems with pronunciationthat make the response difficult to understand GRAMMARThe student has numerous errors in grammarthat interfere with meaning.VOCABULARYThe student has numerous errors in vocabularythat interfere with meaning.0 The student either says nothing or fails to answer the question 新托福阅读评分标准正确题目个数得分正确题目个数得分正确题目个数得分正确题目个数得分10321832184530922083117442982197301613297118729164228611762815412750166271440264015526133925301452512382420134241137231012423103622331911322935213420新托福作文评分标准六分:文章切题,阐说充分,文章有说服力;段落组织有序,衔接紧密,过渡自然,有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句连接顺畅,句式使用恰当,灵活,娴熟;用词确切,得体。

托福阅读分数换算表及阅读常考题型总结

托福阅读分数换算表及阅读常考题型总结

托福阅读分数换算表及阅读常考题型总结托福小白可能对于托福考试的评分有很多疑问,比如阅读的题量和分数是如何换算的?阅读每篇14道题,一共考3篇,如果遇到加试,可能会考4-5篇阅读,加试题目不计入总分。

跟小编一起来看看托福阅读分数换算表和托福阅读常考的题型托福阅读分数换算表及阅读常考题型总结一.托福阅读分数换算表除重要观点题和归类题以外,每道题的分值都是1分,重要观点题的分值可能是2分,归类题为3或4分,考试所得分数范围:0-30分。

大家在算出原始分数以后,将被转化为0-30分的最终分数。

以下是托福阅读评分标准中原始分数与最终分数的对照表:二.托福阅读常考题型托福阅读题型共分为10种:1. Factual Information questions(事实信息题)2. Negative Factual Information questions(否定事实信息题)3. Inference questions(推论题)4. Rhetorical Purpose questions(修辞目的题)5. Vocabulary questions(词汇题)6. Reference questions(指代题)7. Sentence Simplification questions(句子简化题)8. Insert Text question(句子插入题)9. Prose Summary(文章总结题)10. Fill in a Table(表格填写题)托福阅读TPO30第3篇:The Invention of the Mechanical Clock 【1】In Europe, before the introduction of the mechanical clock, people told time by sun (using, for example, shadow sticks or sun dials) and water clocks. Sun clocks worked, of course, only on clear days; water clocks misbehaved when the temperature fell toward freezing, to say nothing of long-run drift as the result of sedimentation and clogging. Both these devices worked well in sunny climates; but in northern Europe the sun may be hidden by clouds for weeks at a time, while temperatures vary not only seasonally but from day to night.【2】Medieval Europe gave new importance to reliable time. The Catholic Church had its seven daily prayers, one of which was at night, requiring an alarm arrangement to waken monks before dawn. And then the new cities and towns, squeezed by their walls, had to know and order time in order to organize collective activity and ration space. They set a time to go to sleep. All this was compatible with older devices so long as there was only one authoritative timekeeper; but with urban growth and the multiplication of time signals, discrepancy brought discord and strife. Society needed a more dependable instrument of time measurement and found it in the mechanical clock.【3】We do not know who invented this machine, or where.It seems to have appeared in Italy and England (perhaps simultaneous invention) between 1275 and 1300. Once known, it spread rapidly, driving out water clocks but not solar dials, which were needed to check the new machines against the timekeeper of last resort. These early versions were rudimentary, inaccurate, and prone to breakdown.【4】Ironically, the new machine tended to undermine Catholic Church authority. Although church ritual had sustained an interest in timekeeping throughout the centuries of urban collapse that followed the fall of Rome, church time was nature’s time. Day and night were divided into the same number of parts, so that except at the equinoxes, days and night hours were unequal; and then of course the length of these hours varied with the seasons. But the mechanical clock kept equal hours, and this implied a new time reckoning. The Catholic Church resisted, not coming over to the new hours for about a century. From the start, however, the towns and cities took equal hours as their standard, and the public clocks installed in town halls and market squares became the very symbol of a new, secular municipal authority. Every town wanted one; conquerors seized them as especially precious spoils of war; tourists came to see and hear these machines the way they made pilgrimages to sacred relics.【5】The clock was the greatest achievement of medieval mechanical ingenuity. Its general accuracy could be checked against easily observed phenomena, like the rising and setting of the sun. The result was relentless pressure to improve technique and design. At every stage, clockmakers led the way to accuracy and precision; they became masters of miniaturization, detectors and correctors of error, searchers for new and better. They werethus the pioneers of mechanical engineering and served as examples and teachers to other branches of engineering.【6】The clock brought order and control, both collective and personal. Its public display and private possession laid the basis for temporal autonomy: people could now coordinate comings and goings without dictation from above. The clock provided the punctuation marks for group activity, while enabling individuals to order their own work (and that of others) so as to enhance productivity. Indeed, the very notion of productivity is a by-product of the clock: once one can relate performance to uniform time units, work is never the same. One moves from the task-oriented time consciousness of the peasant (working on job after another, as time and light permit) and the time-filling busyness of the domestic servant (who always had something to do) to an effort to maximize product per unit of time.托福阅读TPO30试题第3篇:The Invention of the Mechanical Clock1.Why does the author provide the information that "in northern Europe the sun may be hidden by clouds for weeks at a time, while temperatures vary not only seasonally but from day to night"?A.To emphasize the variety of environments in which people used sun and water clocks to tell time.B.To illustrate the disadvantage of sun and water clocks.C.To provide an example of an area where water clocks have an advantage over sun clocks.D.To counter the claim that sun and water clocks were used all over Europe.2.According to paragraph 2, all of the following are examplesof the importance of timekeeping to medieval European society EXCEPTA.the need of different towns to coordinate timekeeping with each other.B.the setting of specific times for the opening and closing of markets.C.the setting of specific time for the start and finish of the working day.D.the regulation of the performance of daily church rituals.3.According to paragraph 2, why did the medieval church need an alarm arrangement?A.The alarm warned the monks of discord or strife in the town.B.The church was responsible for regulating working hours and market hours.C.The alarm was needed in case fires were not put out each night.D.One of the church's daily rituals occurred during the night.4.The word "authoritative" in the passage(paragraph 2)is closest in meaning toA.actual.B.important.C.official.D.effective.5.The author uses the phrase "the timekeeper of last resort" to refer toA.water clocks.B.the sun.C.mechanical clocks.D.the church.6.The word "rudimentary" in the passage(paragraph 3)is closest in meaning toA.rare.B.small.C.impractical.D.basic.7.According to paragraph 4, how did the Catholic Church react to the introduction of mechanical clocks?A.Its used mechanical clocks through the period of urban collapse.B.It used clocks to better understand natural phenomena, like equinoxes.C.It tried to preserve its own method of keeping time, which was different from mechanical-clock time.D.It used mechanical clocks to challenge secular, town authorities.8.The word "installed" in the passage(paragraph 4)is closest in meaning toA.required.B.expected by the majority of people.C.standardized.D.put in place.9.It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that medieval clockmakersA.were able to continually make improvements in the accuracy of mechanical clocks.B.were sometimes not well respected by other engineers.C.sometimes made claims about the accuracy of mechanical clocks that were not true.D.rarely shared their expertise with other engineers.10.Paragraph 5 answers which of the following questions about mechanical clocks.A.How did early mechanical clocks work?B.Why did the design of mechanical clocks affect engineering in general?C.How were mechanical clocks made?D.What influenced the design of the first mechanical clock?11.The word "pioneers" in the passage isclosest in meaning toA.leaders.B.opponents.C.employers.D.guardians.12.According to paragraph 6, how did the mechanical clock affect labor?A.It encouraged workers to do more time-filling busywork.B.It enabled workers to be more task oriented.C.It pushed workers to work more hours every day.D.It led to a focus on productivity.13. Look at the four squares[■] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit? The division of time no longer reflected the organization of religious ritual.Ironically, the new machine tended to undermine Catholic Church authority. Although church ritual had sustained an interest in timekeeping throughout the centuries of urban collapse that followed the fall of Rome,church time was nature's time.■【A】Day and night were divided into the same number of parts, so that except at the equinoxes, days and night hours were unequal;and then of course the length of these hours varied withthe seasons.■【B】But the mechanical clock kept equal hours, and this implied a new time reckoning.■【C】The Catholic Church resisted, not coming over to the new hours for about acentury.■【D】From the start, however, the towns and cities took equal hours as their standard, and the public clocks installed in town halls and market squares became the very symbol of a new, secular municipal authority. Every town wanted one; conquerors seized them as especially precious spoils of war;tourists came to see and hear these machines the way they made pilgrimages to sacred relics.14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.The introduction of the mechanical clock caused important changes to the society of medieval Europe.A.The increasing complexity of social and economic activity in medieval Europe led to the need for a more dependable means of keeping time than sun and water clocks provided.B.Because they were unreliable even in sunny climates, sun clocks and water clocks were rarely used in Europe, even before the invention of the mechanical clock.C.Before the mechanical clock, every city wanted a large number of timekeepers because more timekeepers allowed for better organization of collective activities.D.Soon after the invention of mechanical clocks, sun and water clocks became obsolete because mechanical clocks werefar more accurate.E.Predators help maintain biological diversity by limiting populations of a dominant competitor species, thereby preventing that species from excluding others.F.The removal of sea stars reduces the diversity of the community in which they are predators, and is therefore a bad idea.托福阅读TPO30答案第3篇:The Invention of the Mechanical Clock1.从第一段的第二句开始,原文列举了这两种device各种的缺点,最后一句前半句说它们work,后面but表转折,证明要说有些情况它们不能用。

托福满分多少分

托福满分多少分

托福满分多少分
托福满分是120分。

托福(Test of English as a Foreign Language)考试是
一项常用于衡量非英语为母语的学生在英语听说读写四个方面的能力的考试。

托福考试的总分是120分,包括听力(0-30分)、口语(0-30分)、阅读(0-30分)和写作(0-30分)四个部分。

每个部分的分数各占总分的四分之一。

托福考试的分数是根据每个部分的得分计算得出的,各
个部分的得分范围从0到30分不等。

在托福考试中,每个部
分的得分都与你的英语语言能力水平相关。

例如,在听力部分,你需要听和理解各种口语材料,包括对话和讲座;在口语部分,你需要回答和发表有关个人经验、喜好或观点的问题;在阅读部分,你需要阅读和理解各种学术文本;在写作部分,你需要根据提供的信息和观点,撰写独立的作文。

要达到满分的120分,需要在每个部分都表现出色,并
且有很高的英语语言能力。

不仅需要具备听力和口语的能力,还需要具备阅读和写作的能力。

这意味着你需要有广泛的词汇量,良好的语法和句子结构,以及理解和分析不同类型的英语文本的能力。

托福满分是一个相当高的目标,需要大量的练习和准备。

参加托福考试前,建议学生进行系统的听说读写训练,并熟悉托福考试的各个部分的题型和要求。

此外,学生还可以参加托福模拟考试,以检验他们的英语能力和应对考试的能力,并根据模拟考试的结果来调整和改进自己的学习计划。

总之,托福满分是120分,达到这个目标需要良好的英
语语言能力和高水平的听说读写能力,以及充分的准备和练习。

托福阅读分数怎样算计分标准

托福阅读分数怎样算计分标准

托福阅读分数怎样算计分标准托福阅读考试是托福提分的一个很重要的部分,托福阅读部分的分数是怎么计算的呢?下面就是店铺给大家整理的托福阅读分数计算方法,希望对你有用!托福阅读分数计算方法托福阅读部分,总共有3篇文章(如遇到加试,则随机3篇文章算分,另1篇文章不算分)。

每篇文章700个字,对应14道题目。

其中,13道题是基础信息和推断题,每道题1分。

最后一道题是小结题,俗称大题,满分2分。

大题一般情况下是6选3,3个选项错一个扣一分,扣完为止,即在答题中错2或3个选项,这个题目不得分。

因此,每篇文章对应14个题目,共15分。

阅读部分整体42道题,对应原始分数满分45分。

根据如下表格,将会给出原始分数与最终分数的对应。

比如,某位学生阅读部分,错了5道小题,3道大题各错一个选项,因此扣去的分数就应该为5+1+1+1=8分,因此原始分数就是37分,最终得分为27分。

另一位学生,错了12道小题,3道大题中,1道大题选错2个选项,另外两道大题各选错一个,则扣分为12+2+1+1=16分,原始分数为29分,最终分数对应为20分。

在此分数对应表格中,需要特别注意的是25分和20分的最终分数。

如果得到25分以上,那就等于总分有可能上100分,而100分是申请美国名校的比较有竞争力的分数。

如果得到20分以上,那就意味着总分有可能到80分以上,这个分数是申请美国前100名学校时比较基本的分数。

大家还需要注意的是0分的最终分数,对应的9分以下的原始分数。

在传统考试中,如果不看题目,直接“蒙”,可能会得到一定的分数。

而在托福阅读中,如果用“蒙”的方法,可能会得到9分的原始分数,但最终分数就是0分。

提升托福阅读分数的7个方法方法一:概括地观察在练习时我们会读一些文章或者段子,首先我们可以进行略读。

对于文章的首段或者每段的内容进行概括,我们就可以知道这些文章都讲了些什么,而不是去通读,逐字去读,逐词去读,这样不仅浪费时间,而且对于自己的阅读能力的提升也是微乎其微的。

托福阅读考试总分是多少

托福阅读考试总分是多少

托福阅读总分阅读总分30分。

新托福由四部分组成,分别是阅读(Reading)、听力(Listening)、口试(Speaking)、写作(Writing)。

每部分满分30分,整个试题满分120分。

托福阅读评分标准考试所得分数范围:0-30分。

阅读有三篇文章,每篇文章对应14题,共15分。

遇到加试时从考试的五篇文章中随机选取三篇计分,每篇12-14道题。

在新托福阅读考试中,除重要归类题和观点题以外,每道题的分值都是1分。

重要观点题的分值可能是2分。

归类题为3或4分。

托福阅读考试介绍1.托福阅读考试流程托福阅读部分在四个module(读、听、说、写)中最先进行,也是唯一不需要借助听力完成的一个部分。

一旦开始答题,每一篇阅读文章必须先通读或滚动至屏幕末尾,才可以看到问题。

一般来说,在每一道题目的回答界面,屏幕右手边是该题所对应的文章部分内容,题目则出现在屏幕的左侧。

通过点击屏幕右上方区域的不同功能键,可以实现不同题目间的前进、后退、检查答题情况、查看文本、帮助等功能。

同时,屏幕右上方还可以点击选择显示/隐藏的考试所剩余的时间。

在每个计时部分剩余时间为0时,考试自动进入下一部分,而不再允许回看。

2.托福阅读考试时长托福阅读由3或5篇长度为每篇700单词左右的文章构成,包括阅读文章及解答题目的时间在内,每次考试阅读部分一共有60(如果考3篇文章)分钟或100分钟(如果考5篇文章)。

考试过程中,第1篇文章单独倒计时,长度为20分钟;第2、4篇文章以及可能有的第4、5篇文章每2篇合并倒计时,长度各为40分钟。

因此整个托福的阅读考试可以被看成由两(考3篇文章时)到三(考5篇文章时)个分别计时的部分构成,每个部分之间相互独立,先后进行。

所以考试研究中心提醒考生必须注意,这60或100分钟考试时间不是可以自由分配到不同文章和题目中的。

3.托福阅读考试文章类型托福阅读的3或5篇700单词左右的文章全都节选自高校本科水平的教材,通常为针对某一学术领域的介绍。

托福阅读评分标准

托福阅读评分标准

托福阅读评分标准
托福阅读总分为0-30分,包含3-4篇文章,每篇文章有10个问题。

总分24-30分为高级,等级划分为CEFR Level C1;总分18-23分为中高级,等级划分为CEFR Level B2;总分4-17分为中低级,等级划分为CEFR Level B1;总分0-3分为预备中级。

托福TOEFL iBT考试是去以英语作为交流语言的国家和地区留学或就业的英语水平考试,提供4项技能分数,分别为Reading阅读、Listening听力、Speaking口语以及Writing写作,这4项技能的分数均为0-30分,4项技能分数总分为0-120分,即托福满分是120分。

托福阅读评分标准表
TOEFL iBT考试阅读测试包含3-4篇文章,每篇文章有10个问题,考试时长54-72分钟(可能加试1篇)。

以下是托福阅读Reading评分标准表盘点——
24-30分:为高级(Advanced),等级划分为CEFR Level C1。

此外总分29-30的等级划分为CEFR Level C2。

18-23分:为中高级(High-Intermediate),等级划分为CEFR Level B2。

4-17分:为中低级(Low-Intermediate),等级划分为CEFR Level B1。

0-3分:为预备中级(Below Low-Intermediate)。

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托福阅读总分结构新托福考试(简称ibt)阅读部分考试时间为60-分钟,共有39-42题。

文章数量在3-5篇。

根据年上半年的阅读部分的命题趋势,总体给考生的一个感觉就是阅读越来越难,难度直逼gre。

所以以至于许多考生闻阅读扼腕叹息,闻阅读节节败退。

由于阅读时托福考试的第一个部分,所以阅读考试的成败决定着考生接下来几个部分考试的心理状态。

有许多学员这么和我说,老托的阅读要比新托简单得多,甚至不看文章也能做对题。

其实不然。

我们知道,原来老托是字一篇文章,10分钟。

现在新托是字左右一篇文章,20分钟内完成12-14题。

按照时间比例来说,时间对考生是绰绰有余的。

但是为什么众多考生还是会有这样的感觉呢?问题就出来在托福的题目上,现在崭新托福写作的题目四个选项长度呈圆形不断加宽趋势。

存有很多学生用在认知题目和选项的时间就远远少于答题时间。

这样的话就直接影响了后面题目的答题质量。

假如发生写作加试,很多学生就一个头两个小了。

这主要还是因为考生在预备新托福阅读考试过程中太注重技巧的提炼,而忘记了学习英语最根本的还是在对语言的把握上。

因此在这里给大家提几点复习新托福阅读的几点建议:1。

假如基础通常的同学,想出席托福考试,最出色提早3-4个月trained出来。

一本不好的词汇书就是必不可少的。

其实腰哪一本词汇书不是重点所在,关键的就是能持之以恒,天天对所背的词汇展开备考和总结。

因为你在搞词汇题时假如能遇到你熟识的词,可以节省你可以至文章中去看看上下文猜猜词的时间。

虽然无法确保爬上就一定能够考出,但是单词可以协助你更好的认知文章。

曾经存有一名语言专家这样说道过:“without grammar, little can be conveyed and without vocabulary, nothing can be conveyed。

”不足以表明词汇的重要性。

2。

然后要从理解文章的结构开始理解文章。

我们要明白,托福考试的阅读文章都是北美校园基础课程的文章,基本没有做过改动。

所以文章的结构就是完全按照美式作文的五段法,我们的考生只要用这样的方式去分析每一篇文章,就会发现他们的结构是大同小异的。

3。

累积背景科学知识对我们来说相当的关键,因此我们在搞崭新托福写作的题目的同时,也必须在空余的时候多写作课外读物,原版杂志。

比如,国家地理,自然,今日美国等一些闻名于世的原版杂志,这不仅可以扩展我们的背景科学知识,同时也可以补足我们在词汇量上的严重不足。

4。

在复习的最后阶段,做做模拟练习题是必不可少的。

假如有条件的话,最好做一下模考软件。

因为这样可以模拟新托福机考的真实场景。

比较推荐的模考软件有barron,kaplan以及一些比较权威的模考网站。

当然在你报名时托福官方网站提供给你的那一套不完整的模考题也是很有参考价值的。

一、学术性文章成分学术性文章中一般包含有以下内容:1. topic: 文章标题,即为文章主要阐释的对象。

2. aspect: 作者围绕文章标题topic进一步阐述的方面。

3. attitude: 作者态度。

注意:topic, aspect和attitude均为单词或短语,一般不是句子。

4. main idea (mi): 主要思想,分成段落层面main idea和篇章层面main idea。

main idea分为显性和隐性。

显性的main idea: 作者在文章中明晰得出抒发主要思想的概括性句子。

隐性的main idea: 作者在文章中未给出表达主要思想的概括性句子,需要考生根据文中信息总结得出结论。

5. thesis statement (ths): 涵盖topic的篇章主题句,显性篇章层面main idea。

6. topic sentence (ts): 囊括某一aspect的一段或某几段主题句,显性段落层面mainidea。

特别注意:在《merriam-webster's collegiate dictionary》中,topic sentence 的表述为:a sentence that states the main thought of a paragraph or of a larger unit of discourse and is usually placed at or near the beginning。

从该定义中可以看出:(1) 一个段落中最多只有1个ts; (2) ts也可作为多段概述性内容7. detail (d): 细节detail分为:major detail(mad)和minor detail (mid)二、句间关系为了清晰的把握学术性的结构框架,考生首先应该具备分清句子与句子之间关系的能力。

托福文章中句子之间的关系从逻辑和段落结构角度总的来看,重点须要学生把握住同列关系,详述与详细描述(或抽象化与具体内容)关系,转折点关系,以及因果关系。

其中在把握住文章结构与认知文章主要观点当中,以前三者最重要。

可以从句子的两个方面来判断句子之间的关系:1. 主要意思方面;2. 关联词1. 同列关系并列关系的两句话主要意思方面不同,并且有时会有表示并列的关联词出现。

如例1:基准1:1most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in all people. 2moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions.解析:句1主要意思方面:调查者尊重面部表情说明情感。

句2主要意思方面:人们识别表情表达出的情感。

句1与句2意思方面相同,用moreover关联。

注意:并非所有并列关系的两个句子都有关联词出现,只要意思方面不同即为并列关系,如例2。

基准2:1tunas, mackerels, and billfishes have made streamlining into anart for 2their bodies are sleek and compact.句1意思方面:流线成为艺术形式。

句2意思方面:身体扁平简约。

意思方面不同,无关联词,仍为并列关系。

常用表中同列关系的关联词存有:and, furthermore, in addition, additionally, similarly, likewise, as well as, besides, also, moreover, even等。

2. 概述与详述(抽象与具体)关系详述与详细描述(抽象化与具体内容)关系的两句话意思方面相同,但前后两句就是详述与详细描述的关系,或抽象化与具体内容的关系。

一般概述性或抽象内容涵盖内容广,但已引起歧义,可以让人们不禁问出how, what, why等问题。

详述性或具体的句子相对于概述性或抽象句子具体且明确如例3,例4。

基准3:1perhaps most important of all to these and other fast swimmers is their ability to sense and make use of swirls and eddies (circular currents)in the water. 2they can glide past eddies that would slow them down and then gain extra thrust by "pushing off" the eddies.解析:句1与句2的意思方面均为swimmers运用swirls and eddies,但句1详述地叙述为:sense and make use of, 句2发生具体内容动作叙述glide past...and then gainextra thrust.例4:1loie fuller was an important and innovative dancer.2fuller devised a type of dance that focused on the shifting play of lights and colors on the voluminous skirts or draperies she wore, which she kept in constant motion principally through movements of her arms, sometimes extended with wands concealed under her costumes.解析:句1中发生形容词important and innovative。

句2通过具体事例devise a type of dance体现出形容词innovative。

特别注意:学生应当锻炼身体在写作的同时就可以体会出来句中详述性内容能力。

以下形式常常可表示概述或抽象内容:(1)名词复数: causes, effects, adaptations, aspects, benefits等;(2)动词: benefit, develop, improve, evolve等动词;(3)形容词: important, innovative, great, intense, attractive, despondent等;(4)副词: successfully, hard, bravely, carefully等(往往与动词搭配)。

3. 转折点关系转折关系的两句话总的来说一般用表示转折关系的关联词连接,意思方面来看有两种关系,(1) 意思的方面相同但意思相反,如例5; (2) 意思的方面不同,如例6。

基准5:1it might be that a "stiff" lip suppresses emotional response -- as long as the lip is not quivering with fear or tension. 2but when the emotion that leads to stiffening the lip is more intense, and involves strong muscle tension, facial feedback may heighten emotional response.解析:句1:a stiff lip suppresses emotional response句2:导致stiffening the lip的情感更加强烈时,facial feedback heighten emotional response。

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