定语从句中的从属连词
定语从句中的从属连词
定语从句中的从属连词
在复合句中,引导定语从句的关系词主要有关系代词和关系副词。定语从句中的连接词(关系代词和关系副词)一般都放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,而且是作定语从句的重要成分。以下是店铺整理的定语从句中的从属连词，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
复合句是考题的基本句子结构，因而连接主句和从句的连接词就成为重要的命题焦点。TOEEL常考的从属连词分三类：
(1)关系代词( that, which ,what who. Whose)
(2) 关系副词(where when why how)
(3) 状语从句连接词(where, when, if, though, because…) 掌握有关从属连词的试题命题规律，这类题目并不复杂。从属连词常考题型及解题要点：
1. 主句与从句之间必须有从属连词。
例题分析
(1)The spiral threads of a spider*s web have a sticky substance on them _____ insects.
(A) traps (B) trap its (C) which traps (D) which it traps
[答案] C 定语从句关系代词which引导从句，且在从句中作主语。
(2)Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found ______ higher plants can survive.
(A) there (B) wherever (C) somewhere (D) then
[答案] B 空格前后为两个完整的句子，这里应填入连接词联系主从两句。四个选择只有wherever是连词，引导地点状语从句。
(3)Duke Wellington was a composer. Conductor, and pianist ______ ranked as one of the greatest of all jazz figures.
(A) him (B) although (C) or (D) who
[答案] D 关系代词who引导定语从句，并作从句的主语。
(4) ______ Some of the Earth*s interior heat escapes to the surface.
(A) A volcano erupts (B) A volcano whether erupts
(C) A volcano erupts it (D) If a volcano erupts
[答案] D 从属连词引导条件状语从句。
2. 关系代词 who与which混淆错用
解题要点：在四个选择答案中出现who 或者which，应确认它所指代的是人还是物。例题分析
(1)Fossil remains indicate that squidlike creatures called belemnites swam in the sea who covered the North American continent 70 million years ago.
[答案] 关系代词who指代的是sea，因此应用指物的which或that。
(2)Vaccines for some rare diseases are given only to persons which risk exposure to the disease.[答案] 关系代词which指代前面的persons，应改为人称关系代词who。
(3) Essentially, a theory is an abstract. Symbolic representation of ______ reality.
(A) what it is conceived (B) that is conceived
(C) what is conceived to be (D) that is being conceived of [答案] C what = the thing that (is conceived to be…) .答案(A)中的代词it是多余的，因为what本身即已包含了先行词(the thing ) 和关系代词(that) 。答案(B)中的关系代词that引导的从句不可以置于介词的后面。
(5) Most of the food what elephants eat is brought to their mouths by their trunks.
[答案] what应改为that。此句已含有先行词food，不能再用关系代词what。5. 主句和从句
解题要点主语从句是常考而中国考生又较陌生英文文法结构。主语从句的特点是读起来有种头重脚轻的感觉，而且有两个谓语动词。
连词That 引导的主语从句应特别留意。因为That 在句中没有任何意义，它只具有引导出主语从句的功能，因而很容易被忽略。例题分析
(1) _____ xenon could not from chemical compounds was once believed by scientists.
(A) For (B) It was (C) That (D) While
[答案] C That引导的.主语从句。其中第一个谓语动词could from 是从句的谓语，第二个系动was是主句的谓语。
(2) ______ to space travelers is high acceleration of deceleration forces.
(A) Danger can be (B) They can be dangerous
(C) What can be dangerous (D) While danger
[答案] C what引导的主语从句。What既是从句的连词，又是从句的主语。
(3) ______ has been a topic of continual geological research.
(A) Did the continents originate (B) How did the continents originate
(C) Have the continents originated
(D) How the continents originated
[答案] D How 引导的主语从句。
(4) ______ progress helps to relieve scarcities is a fact accepted by economists.
(A) Technological (B) That technological
(C)Although technological (D)There is technological
[答案] B. That 引导的主语从句，当连续读到两个谓语动词(e.g. helps…is)，而空格在句首，应首先考虑主语从句。这是主语从句典型的句子结构。
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专题14 从属连词及定语从句考点分析-2019年中考英语复习必考点全突破(天津专版)(解析版)
专题14 从属连词及定语从句考点分析 定语从句简介： 1. 定语从句位于复合句中（主语、宾语、表语等名词之后起修饰名词特点特征作用）位置。 2. 定语从句必须要注意（先行词<被修饰的名词>、关联词<关系代词和关系副词、时态）三点内容， 并且关联词在定语从句中必须（承担句子的某一个组成成分“主语或宾语或定语或状语”） 3. 定语从句的时态（不受主句的任何约束，完全视实际情况决定） 定语从句从属连词考点设置： 1. 定语从句的关联词分为关系代词（必考考点）和关系副词（非必考考点）两部分： 1）先行词是“人物”时，用关系代词（who、whom、that、whose）代替，并且在定语从句中充当 （who→代替主语、whom→代替宾语、that→代替主语或宾语、whose→代替定语）成分。 2）先行词是“事、物”时，用关系代词（which 、that）代替，并且在定语从句中充当的成分作用 （which→代替主语或宾语、that→代替主语或宾语）成分。 3）关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中充当（宾语作用）时，关系代词可省略，充当（主语作用）时，不可以省略。 4）定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与（先行词的单复数形式）保持一致。 *5）当关联词代替先行词在定语从句中放在句尾表示“动作发生所在的时间或地点或原因”的状语，叫作“关系副词”有（when 、where 、why） 2. 关系代词中that一般可以和who、whom、which互换，注意不能互换的考察： (1)只能用that的情况考察： a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不 用which. b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, few, little, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只 能用that,而不用which. c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which. d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which. e.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which. *f.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that. *h.有两个定语从句时，其中一个宜用which，另外一个宜用that。
知识全解：第七专题 各种从句中常用的连接词
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英语三大从句的连接词
英语三大从句：名词从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句、状语从句 一、引导名词从句的连词 从属连词that（可用于所有名词从句，一般可省略）、是否whether，if; 疑问连词what, which, who/whom/whose; 疑问副词when, where, why, how ——带特殊疑问句，陈述句语序（主+谓）、带不定式 复合关系代词whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however——无论…… 二、定语从句引导词 关系代词:人who (whom whose[后带名词])；事物which（必须的两种情况：有逗号，有介词）、that、as (such… as…，the same as…, 或者如…：与know, see, report, expect, hear，think, hope, wish, like, want, need 等词连用，一般在句首或者做插入语); 关系副词when, where, why ——相当于介词+ which 关系形容词whose[后带名词] 三、带状语从句的连接词： because[biˈkɔz; (uS) biˈkɔːz] conj. 因为 as[əz, æz] ad.& conj.像……一样；如同；因为prep. 作为，当做 since [sins]ad. 从那时以来conj. 从…以来，…以后，由于prep. 从…以来 for [fə(r), fɔː(r)] prep. 为了…；向…，往…；与…交换；防备…；适合…；因为…；在…期间；对于…；对…来说conj. 因为，由于 so [səʊ]ad. 如此，这么；非常；同样conj. 因此，所以 so that 以便；所以 so…that… such… that… now that 既然；由于 in order that Considering考虑到（一般在句首） Given 考虑到,鉴于（一般在句首） after[ˈɑːftə(r)]r ad. 在后；后来prep. 在…之后；在后面conj. 在…以后 before[biˈfɔː(r)] prep. 在…以前；在…前面ad. 以前conj. 在…之前 till [til] conj.& prep.直到,直到…为止 until [ʌnˈtil] prep.& conj.直到…为止 once [wʌns]n& ad. 一次,一度,从前conj. 一旦 while [wail; (uS) hwail] conj.在…的时候,和…同时n 一会儿，一段时间
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定语从句连接词的用法
定语从句连接词的用法 在定语从句中，连接词应该如何应用？ 定语从句连接词的用法 一、That可以做副词，代词，形容词和连词，但是做连词时是最常见的，也是最难鉴别的，that 用作连词，引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。 1. that在名词性从句中。 ①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。 I didn't expect (that) he could win the championship. The teacher pointed out that Tom was not working hard enough. ②引导主语从句。通常采用it作形式主语的句型。 That the earth goes around the sun is known to everyone. （It is known to everyone that the earth goes around the sun.） ③引导表语从句。 The trouble is that we are short of money. ④引导同位语从句。 引导同位语从句的that和引导定语从句的that是不同的。前者只起语法作用，在从句中不作任何成分；而后者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。举例说明： The news that he resigned from office surprised us. The idea that he holds is very common nowadays on campus. 2. that引导状语从句 ①引导目的状语从句。 Bring it nearer that I may see it better. ②引导结果状语从句。
英语中的各种从句详解
英语中的各种从句详解 一．名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。这类从句在句中可担任主语、表语、宾语和同位语，名词从句可以分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。 1.主语从句 在句子中担当主语的是一个句子，这个从句就叫作主语从句。主语从句可以由下列连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，且不能省略。 连词：that, whether 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever 等 连接副词：when, where, how, why (1)由连词that, whether引导的主语从句 连词that, whether在从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它在从句中不担任成分，不能省略，且由that, whether引导的主语从句，多用it多形式主语 e.g That the earth is round is true.=It is true that the earth is round.地球是圆的，是一个事实。Whether he’ll come or not hasn’t been decided.= It hasn’t been decided whether he’ll come o r not. (2)由连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 连接代词who, which和连接副词when, where, how, why都可以引导主语从句，它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略，翻译时，不能把它们译为疑问句，由它们引导的主语从句，也可以用形式主语it引导 e.g Who let out the news remained unknown. =It remained unknown who let out the news. When we’ll start is not cl ear. =It is not clear when we’ll start.我们何时出发还不清楚。 (3)以关系代词what, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 引导的主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不
各种从句的连接词
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注意了吗：so hot a day 和such a hot day 6. 条件状语从句 常见的连接词有：if, uni ess, as long as,禾口on con diti on that 7. 让步状语从句 常见的连接词有：though, although, even if, even though禾口as. 注：as引导让步状语从句时，在表示“虽然”的时候，句子要用倒装结构。 e.g. Hard as she works, she makes very little progres虽然她 很努力，但是没怎么进步。 8.比较状语从句 除了常见的as和than，比较状语从句还有其他特殊的引导词，比 女口the more --the more ••和no more^tha n 9.方式状语从句 常见的连接词有：as if, as though禾口in the way that 或者e.g. He looks as if he is an gr他看起来好像生气了。 宾语从句 引导宾语从句的连接词有三种 1.That作为从属连词，在宾语从句中不作任何成分。 e.g. I am quite happy that we have finished the project on time. 我们 能准时完成项目，我感到很开心。 2.连接代词what/ who/ which/ whoever/ whatever 等 e.g. Do you un dersta nd what the teacher said?你听懂老师
as在定语从句中的用法及例句
as在定语从句中的用法及例句 定语从句是英语中常见的修饰名词的一种结构，通过引导词来连接主句和从句的关系。其中，as也有被用于引导定语从句的情况，并且具有特殊意义。本文将详细介绍as在定语从句中的用法，并提供一些例句加以说明。 一、作为引导词 AS可以充当一个引导词，在这种情况下其后面接一个完整的定语从句。它表示“正如”或“像……一样”，并且经常与such, same等词连用。 1. The software, as I mentioned before, has many useful features. 正如我之前提到的，这个软件有许多有用的功能。 2. He insisted on doing it himself, as he always does. 他坚持自己做，像他平时那样。 3. She looked pale, as if she had seen a ghost. 她脸色苍白，好像她看见了鬼一样。 二、作为限定词 AS还可以作为一个限定词，在这种情况下其后面接一个非限制性定语从句。它表示“就……而言”或“正如”。此时，as相当于which引导的非限制性定语从句。 4. The smartphone, as we all know, has revolutionized the way we communicate. 智能手机，正如我们都知道的那样，彻底改变了我们交流的方式。 5. John's photographs, as displayed in the exhibition, captured the beauty of nature. 约翰在展览中展示的照片捕捉到了自然的美。
初中英语语法知识点：从属连词
初中英语语法知识点：从属连词 从属连词： 这种连词是用以引导名词性从句定语从句和状语从句的，由从属连词所引导的句子叫从句,而含有从句的句子叫作复合句。 从属连词可分为三大类： 、that（无词义，不做成分） if，whether（表达是否的意义，但不做句子成分） 2、连接代词：who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever,whoever,whichever（有词义，在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语） 3、连接副词：when，where，why，how，howmany，howlong，howfar，however，whenever，wherever（有词义，作从句的状语） 用法： 从结构上说，英语连接词分两大类：并列连词和从属连词。 并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。例如： Airandwaterareindispensabletome. Shelikesgoingoutwithfriendsorplayingoutdoorgames.
mostworkershaveagoodincome,sotheylookveryhappy. 从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句，形成复杂句中的从属分句。例如： Hesaidthathedidnotwanttogo. manythingshavehappenedsinceIlastsawhim. youmaycomeifyouwantto. 从属连词用来连接各种从句。 until直到，在用until表达时间状语的句子中，主句中的动词是要十分小心去选择的。 如动词是持续行动词，它要用肯定句，如： Istudiedharduntil12o'clocklastnight. 如果动词是瞬间截止性动词，则要用否定句，如: Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhismothercameback. 由since,for,by,before,来引导的时间状语从句。 since引导的时间状语是动作的开始时间，如: IhavestudiedEnglishsince1990. 而by引导的时间状语通常是动作的结束时间，如： Ihadlearned25Englishsongsbytheendoflastterm. 从属连词语法分类：
定语从句中what和that
定语从句中what和that 定语从句中what和that 定语从句是指一类由关系词引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，下面是店铺收集整理的定语从句中what和that，希望对大家有帮助！ 定语从句中what和that1 一、引导主语从句 that与what都可引导主语从句，that在从句中不作句子成分，但不能省略。what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，不能省略。如：What he said at the meeting was very important．他在会上所说的非常重要。（宾语） What surprised us is that he did it alone．使我们吃惊的是他一个人做了那项工作。（主语） That he did it alone surprised us．他独自完成了那项工作使我们感到吃惊。（that用来引导主语从句，在句中不作成分） 二、引导宾语从句 that与what都可引导宾语从句，that在从句中不作句子成分，一般情况下可以省略，但当有两个以上的宾语从句时，只能省掉第一个that。what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，不能省略。如：They stopped to see what was happening．他们停下来看发生了什么事情。（主语） The teacher got angry because of what the boy had done．那个男孩子做的事情让老师很生气。（what在宾语从句中作宾语） All the people believed that it was right to rescue the temple．所有的人都认为拯救古庙是正确的。（that在宾语从句中不作句子成分且可省略） We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well and that when we discover what this something is we must
定语从句中where
定语从句中where 定语从句中where where引导状语从句时,where是从属连词,where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词,where前面没有表示地点的先行词。以下是店铺为大家整理分享的定语从句中where，欢迎阅读参考。 定语从句中where 一、where引导定语从句时,where是关系副词, 在从句中作地点状语, 其前面有表示地点的先行词,where引导的从句修饰先行词。例如: The bookshopwhereI bought this book is not far from here. This is the housewhereI lived two years ago. We will start at the pointwherewe left off. 二、where引导状语从句时,where是从属连词,where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词,where前面没有表示地点的先行词。例如: Wuhan lieswherethe Changjiang River and the Han Jiang River meet. Make a markwhereyou have any doubts or questions. I found my bookswhereI had left them. 有时,where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义, 可放在主句的前面, 而where引导的定语从句则不能。例如: Wherethere is a will, there is a way. 〔谚语〕有志者事竟成。 Wherethere is water, there is life. 有水的地方就有生命。 三、在有些情况下,where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句。例如: A tall building was put up at the placewherethere used to be a desert. （＝A tall building was put upwherethere used to be a desert. ）在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。 Bam boo grows best in placeswhereit is warm andwhereit rains often. （＝Bamboo grows bestwhereit is warm andwhereit rains often. ）温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。
定语从句中that和what
定语从句中that和what that可以引导定语从句.what只能用来引导名词性从句，一起来看看定语从句中that和what的用法。 一.在引导名词性从句时，从属连词that一般要注意三个不(three nos)： 1.不省略(no ellipsis) 当从属连词that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不省略。 Eg. 1) That he was able to come made us happy. (That 引导主语从句不可省略) 2)The truth is that I didn’t go there. (that引导表语从句不可省略) 3)The news that our team has won is true. (that引导同位语从句不可省略) 但在非正式文体中that 引导宾语从句时可以省略，除下列两种情况外： that在宾语从句中不能省略的情况. (1). 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that，从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略 Eg: 4) He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.(that不可以省略) 他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。 (2). 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 则第二个宾语从句前的that不省略。 Eg: 5) He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.(第一个That可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。)他告诉我他将来而且他将准时来。 2.不作成分(no component) that 在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。
where的定语从句
where的定语从句 关于where的定语从句 英语是一种西日耳曼语支，最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。下面是店铺为大家整理的关于where的定语从句，欢迎阅读与收藏。 where的定语从句1 where的定语从句 先行词表示具体地点的,并在在定语从句中做状语的（不做主语,表语和宾语）,用where引导定语从句.例如：this is the house where i once lived. 先行词是表示抽象地点的如point,case,postion,condtion,activity,situation,job等,并作状语用where引导. You reach a point where medicine can’t help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步. It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地. She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作. where 在定语从句还是状语从句的区别主要可以从以下三点来看： 一、where引导定语从句时,where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语,其前面有表示地点的先行词, where引导的从句修饰先行词.例如: The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here. This is the house where I lived two years ago. We will start at the point where we left off. 二、where引导状语从句时,where是从属连词,where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词, where前面没有表示地点的先行词.例如:
定语从句讲与练
有关定语从句 定语从句分限定性和非限定性定语从句。从属连词为关系代词which, that, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词when, why, where。 关系代词和关系副词必须在定语从句中充当成分。which, that, who, as充当主语；whom 充当宾语；whose为定语；when为时间状语；where为地点状语。 2003年6月B级考题： 例1：On April 1st they flew to Beijing, they stayed several days. A. when B. which C. where D. why 2001年6月A级考题： 例2：That is the very man house was burned down last week. A. which B. of whom C. his D. whose 例3：He lives in the house door faces south. 例4：This is the village I spent my childhood. 2001年6月A级考题： 例5：You are responsible to is in charge of sales. A. whomever B. whoever C. who D. whom 例6：They always elect is popular. 2001年6月B级考题： 例7：The days you could travel without a passport are gone. A. of which B. on which C. in which D. at which 例8：This is the pen he wrote the book. 例9：Do you know the man I lent the money? 2003年6月A级考题： 例10. This is the microscope which we have had so much trouble. A. at B. from C. of D. with 例11：He is the man who in charge of the work. 2003年6月B级考题： 例12：There are two doors, one of which to the living room and the other to the kitchen. A. lead B. led C. leads D. leading 2000年6月B级考题: 例13：This is one of the longest bridges that on this river. A. is ever built B. has ever been built C. was ever built D. has ever built 例15：It was in the small village our president was born.（2000年12月B级考题） A. which B. when C. that D. as 例16：It was in the lab taken charge of by Prof. Harris they did the experiment. A. that B. whom C. when D. so 例17：The fact our team has won the game is true.。 例18：Is there anything needs explaining? 例19：This is the first English song is laved by all of us. 例20：You can take any book you like. 2001年6月A级考题： 例21：Our department has a large collection of books, are in English. A. many of which B. many of that C. many ones D. their many 2000年6月B级考题： 例22：The ship took machines and other goods back to the port it had set off. A. from which B. to which C. which D. in which 2000年6月B级考题: 例23：He suddenly left for Paris yesterday, was more than we had expected. A. that B. what C. which D. this
「高中英语」英语语法——从属连词用法分析
「高中英语」英语语法——从属连词用法分析 英语从属连词用法分析 从引导状语从句的连词的意义来看，可分为引导时间、原因、结果、目的、让步、条件、方式、比较、地点等名种从句的连词。 （1）引导时间状语从句的从属连词 ①此类连词主要有：when, while, after, before, as, as soon as , until, till, once, since, whenever, no sooner...than, hardly/barely/scarcely...when等。 When I got to the theatre, I found that they had sold all the tickets.当到达剧院时，我发现票已售完。 We should strike while the iron is hot.我们要趁热打铁。 Since he entered the university, he has made great progress in his studies. They kept on working until it became dark.他们一直工作到天黑。 Once you begin , you must go on. 你一旦开始，就必须继续下去。 You seem to have a ready-made answer, whenever I ask you a question. 每逢我问你问题, 你总好象有现成的答案。 Now (that) you are here, you'd better stay.你既然来了，那就不要走了。 No sooner had they got to the field than it began to rain.他们刚到田里就开始下雨了。 Hardly had he set foot on his native land when he felt comfortable. 他一踏上祖国的土地就感到心情舒畅。 注意：no sooner, hardly等位于句首时需用倒装语序。 ②every time, each time, next time, the last time, the mom ent,
定语从句用法归纳
定语从句用法归纳 篇一：定语从句的用法 一、定语从句的有关概念 所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句，首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。 先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念，它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时，定语从句通常是后置的，所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢？其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上，英语中的各类从句，不管性质如何，它们都需要有一个词来“引导”，正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样，人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字，叫它关系词，因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，以表明两者之间的修饰关系，同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句，我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前，我们先来看看关系词有哪些。 根据关系词在定语从句中的作用，我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等，英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。 类似地，关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在 定语从句中充当状语等，英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个，即when, where和why。 许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊，关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单，简单得可以划一个等号。因为，关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词，它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解，下面我们来看几个例子吧。 I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。 这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词，who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句；在定语从句中，who是关系词，它在定语从句中用作主语，从意义上说，它在此所表示的意思与先行词the man等价，换句话说，上面这个句子与下面这个句子等价：I know the man. He lives next door. 我认识这个人，它就住在隔壁。 She will never forget the day when she got married. 她永远不会忘记她结婚的这一天。 句中的the day为先行词，when she got married为修饰the day的定语从句；在定语 从句中，when是关系词，它在定语从句中用作状语，从意义上说，它在此与“介词+先行词”所表示的意思等价，也就是说上面的句子与下面这个句子等价：She will never forget the day. On that day she got married. 她永远不会忘记这一天，在这一天她结婚了。 三、定语从句的翻译 许多英语初学者往往弄不明白为什么引导定语从句的关系词which不能译为“哪一 个”，who不能译为“谁”，when不能译为“什么时候”，where不能译为“什么地方”，等
定语从句知识结构图解
定语从句知识结构图解 概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指人的先行词 ⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 ②指物的先行词 ★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。 He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词 ①替代前面的先行词（替代作用） 关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用） ③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用） 定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词 标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类 关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，定 （that/which/who/whom/whose/as） 关系副词：在从句中作状语 (When/where/why) ⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。 ①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。 定He is a teacher who works at our school. 定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开) 语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history. 比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.) 从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons) 句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语 She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that) ②关系代词在定语从句中作表语 ⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) 限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略 Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in. 比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested. （此时只能用which且不能省略） ①以疑问词who开头的句子中 定语从句几个难点Who is the man that is shouting there? ②关系代词在从句中作表语时 用that的情况She is not the girl that she used to be. ③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰 This is the very person that we are looking for. ⒉先行词是人 that/who的区别①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等 Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. ②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一 用who的情况个用who Who is the boy that won the gold medal? ③在there be 结构中 There are many young men who are against him. ④在非限定性定语从句当中 Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.