新型推土机产品说明书
电动推土机使用指南
电动推土机使用指南导言：电动推土机是一种用于地面平整和移动土壤的工程机械设备。
它的高效性和灵活性使其成为许多建筑工地和农业领域的首选工具。
本文将为您提供关于如何正确使用电动推土机的指南，以确保您能够安全高效地操作该设备。
一、电动推土机的基本构造电动推土机由变速器、驱动轮、推土刀和操作室组成。
了解每个部件的功能和使用方法是正确操作电动推土机的基础。
1. 变速器：负责控制推土机的行驶速度和前进或后退方向。
操作人员需熟悉变速器的控制杆和按钮，确保能够灵活切换推土机的运动状态。
2. 驱动轮：通过电动推土机的引擎驱动，提供动力以推动推土机的运动。
操作人员需了解驱动轮的机械连接和操作方法，以确保能够掌控推土机的前进和后退方向。
3. 推土刀：位于驱动轮前部，用于移动和平整土地。
操作人员需了解推土刀的高度和角度的调整方法，以及如何使用推土刀进行土地平整。
4. 操作室：位于推土机的中央位置，为操作人员提供控制和操纵推土机的空间。
操作人员需保持操作室内清洁整洁，以便正常观察仪表盘和操作杆。
二、操作前的准备工作在开始使用电动推土机之前，您需要确保进行以下准备工作，以确保安全和高效的操作。
1. 检查推土机的状态：检查推土机的机械连接和零部件，确保没有松动或损坏。
检查液压系统、制动系统、照明系统和仪表盘等关键部件的功能正常。
2. 检查路面状况：检查操作区域的路面情况，确保没有障碍物、坑洼或其他不良条件，以免影响推土机的运行和安全。
3. 穿戴个人防护装备：操作人员应穿戴安全帽、安全鞋和护目镜等必要的个人防护装备，以防止意外伤害。
三、安全操作指南正确的操作方法可以确保您和他人的安全，并提高工作效率。
以下是使用电动推土机时的安全操作指南：1. 掌握操作技巧：在操作电动推土机之前，确保接受过相关的培训和指导。
熟悉每个控制杆和按钮的功能，并掌握推土机的操作技巧。
2. 注意观察周围环境：在操作过程中，时刻保持警惕，观察周围的环境和行人活动。
小型推土机说明书资料
摘要本课题要求是设计一种简单，经济实用的小型推土机（推雪），主要用于果园、菜地，院子等小面积地面作业。
其关键问题就在于如何很好的实现推土（推雪）功能，尤其是传动系统、整体结构、工作装置的设计。
推土（推雪）功能的实现是设计工作的一个很大的难点。
推土机（推雪）工作时所产生的大量灰尘、噪音大和产品可靠性等方面也较难解决的问题。
推土（推雪）范围的大小不仅与推土机（推雪）的各部分的尺寸有关，并与它的总体设计结构形式有关。
工作部分机构小工作效率就会降低推土（推雪）范围也就变小，满足不了工作地点的要求，工作部分机构太大则设备就会太大从而增加机器负担。
使推土机（推雪）难以提供足够的动力。
因此合理的选择机构的大小及机构布置极为重要且比较困难。
因此本次设计还存在一些不足，欢迎指正。
关键词：推土机（推雪）；传动系统；机构布置AbstractThe subject requirement is to design a simple, economical and practical small bulldozers (snow), mainly used for orchards, vegetable, yard, and a small area of ground operations.The key issue is how good bulldozing (snow), especially the transmission system, the overall structure of the device design.Bulldozing (snow) function is a great difficulty of the design work.Bulldozer (snow) generated by the work of a lot of dust, noise, and product reliability are also more difficult to solve the problem. Bulldozing (snow) the size of the range of not only the various parts of the bulldozer (snow) related to the size and the overall design structure. Bulldozing of the work of some institutions work efficiency will be reduced (snow) range will be smaller, can not meet the requirements of the workplace, the work of some institutions too big equipment will thereby increasing the burden of the machine. Bulldozers (snow) is difficult to provide sufficient power. Reasonable choice for the size of the institutions and institutional arrangement is extremely important and more difficult. The design also has some shortcomings, and please correct me.Keywords: bulldozer (snow); transmission system; agency arrangement目录摘要 (1)第1章绪论 (5)1.1国内农用推土机（推雪）发展概况 (6)1.2国外小型推土机（推雪）发展概况 (8)1.3选题的背景与意义 (8)第2章小型推土机（推雪机）的总体方案设计 (11)2.1 设计主要技术要求 (11)2.2设计的数据要求 (11)2.3总体方案的确定 (11)2.4 工作条件 (12)第3章原动机的选择 (13)3.1原动机选择 (13)第4章传动装置运动及动力参数计算 (15)4.1分配传动比 (15)4.2.运动和动力参数计算 (15)第5章传动零件的设计计算 (17)5.1.V带传动的设计 (17)5.1.1V带的设计 (17)5.1.2小带轮的设计 (20)5.1.3大带轮的设计 (21)5.2齿轮传动的设计 (21)5.3链传动的设计 (26)5.3．1链条的计算 (26)5.3．2小链轮的计算 (27)5.3．3大链轮的计算 (27)5.4离合器的选择 (28)5.5轴和轴承的设计 (29)5.5.1轴的位置设计 (29)5.5．2各轴的尺寸计算 (30)5.5.3 键的校核 (36)5.6推土机尺寸设计 (36)第6章总体结构设计 (38)6.1基架的设计 (38)总结 (39)作文翻译 (40)致谢 (43)参考文献 (44)第1章绪论小型推土机（推雪机）以小型柴油机或汽油机为动力，具有重量轻，体积小，结构简单等特点。
Hitachi R 936 Compact 汽疏压挖掘机产品说明书
Product Information: Crawler ExcavatorR 936 CompactEngine190 kW / 258 HPStage IVOperating Weight33,500 – 34,750 kgBucket Capacity1.00 –2.15 m³Maintenance• Increased productivity thanks to automatic lubrication which comes as standard• Engine oil level is visible on display and from the ground• Engine oil filling nozzle is accessible from the ground• Standard shut-off valve on hydraulic tank outletEquipment• Higher digging forces for maximum productivity• Cast steel joints for enhanced durability• Increased durability of parts thanks to automatic lubrication which comes as standard Undercarriage• Robust, reliable X-frame undercar-riage, easy to secure thanks to its integrated eyelets• Easy maintenance• Higher traction force for better performance on slopes• Maintenance-free travel gear and track rollers with lifetime lubrication for easy maintenanceComfort• Spacious, air-conditioned work space for increased productivity • Airsprung seat with vertical and longitudinal suspension as standard • Easy-to-use high resolution 7" colour touchscreen• Completely retractable front cab windowCompactness• Short tail swing radius of 1.98 m for increased safety and flexibility on work sites• The perfect machine for narrow sites – ideal for urban applications and on motorwaysEngine• Powerful Stage IV engine with SCR system and urea injection for optimum performance• Particulate filter available as an option• Automatic idle-stop when the engine is inactiveSafety• Rear view camera and camera on the right side for enhanced safety are fitted as standard• Removable console for easy and safe access to cab• ROPS-certified cab structure: rollover protection• Emergency exit via the rear cab window• Right window and windshield in laminated and tinted glass as standard equipment for enhanced safety in case of impactTechnical DataSwing DriveDriveLiebherr swashplate motor with integrated brake valve and torque controlTransmission Liebherr compact planetary reduction gear Swing ring Liebherr, sealed race ball bearing swing ring, internal teethSwing speed 0 – 10.0 RPM stepless Swing torque 106 kNmHolding brakewet multi-disc (spring applied, pressurereleased)Hydraulic SystemHydraulic systemPositive Control dual circuit hydraulic system for independent and need-based quantity allot-ment via the hydraulic pumps; sensor-guided features high system dynamics and sensitivity provided by integrated system controlling Hydraulic pump for attachment and travel drive Liebherr, variable displacement, swashplate double pump Max. flow2 x 245 l/min.Max. pressure350 barPump management electronic pump management via the integrated system controlling (CAN-BUS) synchronous to the control block. Open circuit for the rotation Hydraulic tank 290 lHydraulic system max. 520 lHydraulic oil filter 1 main return filter with integrated partial micro filtration (10 µm)Cooling systemcompact cooler, consisting of a water cooler, sandwiched with hydraulic oil cooler, gearbox oil cooler, fuel cooler and after-cooler cores and hydrostatically driven fanMODE selectionadjustment of engine and hydraulic performance via a mode pre-selector to match application, e.g. for especially economical and environmen-tally friendly operation or for maximum digging performance and heavy-duty jobsEngine speed and performance settingstepless alignment of engine output andhydraulic power via engine speedEngineRating per ISO 9249190 kW (258 HP) at 1,800 RPM Torque 1,448 Nm at 1,100 RPM Model Liebherr D944 A7Type 4 cylinder in-line Bore 130 mm Stroke150 mm Displacement8.0 lEngine operation4-stroke diesel Common-Railturbo-charged and after-cooler reduced emissionsExhaust gas treatment SCR with urea injection emission standard stage IV OptionLiebherr particle filterCooling system water-cooled and integrated motor oil cooler, after-cooled and fuel cooledAir cleaner dry-type air cleaner with pre-cleaner, primary and safety elements Fuel tank 425 l Urea tank46 lElectrical system Voltage 24 VBatteries 2 x 180 Ah / 12 VAlternator three-phase current 28 V / 140 A Engine idlingsensor controlledHydraulic ControlsPower distribution via control valves with integrated safety valves, simultaneous and independent actuation of chassis, swing drive and attachmentServo circuitAttachment and swing proportional via joystick levers Travel– w ith proportionally functioning foot pedals or adjusted with plugable levers – speed pre-selectionAdditional functionsproportional regulation via foot pedals or mini- joystickOperator’s CabCab ROPS safety cab structure (roll-over protectionsystem) with individual windscreens or featuringa slide-in subpart under the ceiling, work head-lights integrated in the ceiling, a door with as liding window (can be opened on both sides),large stowing and depositing possibilities, shock-absorbing suspension, sounddamping insulat-ing, tinted laminated safety glass, separatew indow shades for the sunroof window andwindscreen, cigarette lighter and 12 V plug, cupholderOperator’s seat Liebherr-Comfort seat, airsprung with automaticweight adjustment, vertical and longitudinal seatdamping including consoles and joysticks. Seatand armrests adjustable separately and in com-bination, seat heating as standard, folding con-soleControl system joysticks with arm consoles and swivel seat Operation and displays large high-resolution operating unit, selfexplan-atory, colour display with touchscreen, video-compatible, numerous setting, control andmonitoring options, e.g. air conditioning control,fuel consumption, machine and tool parameters Air-conditioning automatic air-conditioning, recirculated air func-tion, fast de-icing and demisting at the press ofa button, air vents can be operated via a menu.Recirculated air and fresh air filters can be easilyreplaced and are accessible from the outside.Heating-cooling unit, designed for extreme out-side temperatures, sensors for solar radiation,inside and outside temperatures (country-dependent)the air conditioning system contains fluorinatedgreenhouse gasesRefrigerant R134aGlobal warming potential1,430Quantity at 25 °C *1,340 gCO2 equivalent 1.92 tVibration emissionH and / arm vibrations< 2.5 m/s2, according with ISO 5349-1:2001 Whole-body vibrations conforms to technical reportISO/TR 25398:2006Measuring inaccuracy according with standard EN 12096:1997* v alid for standard machine without operator’s cab elevation and without heightadjustable cabUndercarriageVersionsNLC gauge 2,390 mmSLC gauge 2,590 mmLC gauge 2,740 mmDrive Liebherr swashplate motor with brake valves onboth sidesTransmission Liebherr compact planetary reduction gear Maximum travel speed low range 2.6 km/hhigh range 4.2 km/hNet drawbar pullon crawler325 kNTrack components D7, maintenance-freeTrack rollers /Carrier rollers9 / 2Tracks sealed and greasedTrack pads triple grouserHolding brake wet multi-disc (spring applied, pressurereleased)Brake valves integrated into travel motorLashing eyesintegratedAttachmentHydraulic cylinders Liebherr cylinders with special seal-system,shock protectionBearings sealed, low maintenanceLubrication Liebherr central lubrication systemDimensions** width with removable steps43210658791011121430354020251015m 05ft-9-301) Standard bucket with teeth Z 50 2) HD bucket with teeth Z 50 3) Bucket for direct mounting 4) Bucket for mounting to quick coupler Other buckets available upon requestMax. material weight v = ≤ 2.0 t/m 3, y = ≤ 1.8 t/m 3, v = ≤ 1.65 t/m 3, y = ≤ 1.5 t/m 3, V = ≤ 1.2 t/m 3, – = not authorisedOperating Weight and Ground PressureThe operating weight includes the basic machine with counterweight 8.0 t, mono boom 6.20 m, stick 3.20 m, quick coupler SWA 66 and bucket 1.60 m 3 (1.230 kg).Lift Capacitieswith Mono Boom 6.20 m, Counterweight 8.0 t and Track Pads 600 mmThe load values are quoted in tons (t) at stick end (without bucket), and may be swung 360° on firm and even ground. Adjacent values are valid for the undercarriage when in the longitudinal position. Capacities are valid for 600 mm wide track pads. Indicated loads are based on ISO 10567 standard and do not exceed 75 % of tipping or 87 % of hydraulic capacity (indicated via *). Without bucket c ylinder, link and lever the lift capacities will increase by 410 kg. Lifting capacity of the excavator is limited by machine stability and hydraulic capacity.According to European Standard, EN 474-5: In the European Union excavators have to be equipped with an overload warning device, a load diagram and automatic safety check valves on hoist cylinders and stick cylinder(s), when they are used for lifting operations which require the use of lifting accessories.Available ToolsRigid Ditch Cleaning BucketGRL 100, for mounting to quick coupler SWA 66Ditch Cleaning BucketGRL 100, 2 x 50° tiltable, for mounting to quick coupler SWA 66Tilt BucketSL 100, 2 x 50° tiltable, for mounting to quick coupler SWA 66GM 20C, earthmoving shell, for mounting to quick coupler SWA 66Sorting Grabribbed perforated stone tong SG 30, for mounting to quick coupler SWA 66UndercarriageChain guide 1 piece Lashing eyeletsSprocket with dirt ejectorTrack rollers, lifetime-lubricatedTracks, sealed and greasedOperator’s Cab2" seat belt with retractor7" colour multifunction display with touchscreen Air conditioning, automaticCamera for monitoring right side Coat hook Cup holderElectronic urea level gaugeEngine oil level monitoring on touchscreen Fuel consumption indicator on touchscreen Headlights on cab, front, halogen, 2 pieces Hydraulic suspension Interior lightLiDAT Plus (Liebherr data transfer system) *Mechanical hour meters, readable from outside the cab Operator seat Comfort with longitudinal and vertical damping Radio pre-installationRain hood over front window opening Rear view monitoring camera Rear window emergency exit Rearview mirrorRight window and windshield with laminated safety glass Roll-down sun blindsROPS safety cab structure (ISO 12117-2)Rubber floor matSliding windows in cab door Storage bin Storage spaces Tiltable console left Tinted windowsWindscreen, totally or partially retractableWiper / washerAttachmentBoom cylinders oil regenerationUppercarriageEngine hood with gas spring opening HandrailsHeadlight on uppercarriage, front, halogen, 1 piece, protection included Manual main switch Non slip surfacesService doors, lockableTool set 32 piecesHydraulic SystemFilter with integrated fine filter area Liebherr hydraulic oil Positive Control systemPressure storage for controlled lowering of equipment with engine turned off Pressure test ports for hydraulicShut-off valve between hydraulic tank and pumpsWork mode selectorEngineCommon-Rail injection systemNon-exhaustive list, please contact us for further information.* optionally extendable after one yearStandard EquipmentUndercarriage Chain guide 3 piecesOperator’s CabElectronic anti-theft device with codeFGPS front guardFGPS front guard tiltableFire extinguisherFirst-aid boxFootrestFOPS top guardHandrests elevated for joysticks Headlights on cab roof, front, LED, 2 pieces Headlights on cab roof, front, halogen, 2 pieces Headlights on cab, front, LED, 2 pieces Headlights on cab, rear, halogen, 2 pieces Headlights on cab, rear, LED, 2 pieces Impact-resistant one-piece windscreen Impact-resistant roof windowLiebherr proportional controlOperator seat ComfortOperator seat PremiumRadio ComfortRoof window wiperSeat belt indicatorSpecial paintingSun visorSwitchable high-pressure controlWindscreen bottom protection guardOperator’s Cab3" seat belt with retractor, orange colourAttachmentBucket cylinder rod protectionUppercarriageElectric socket on uppercarriage (24 V)Hydraulic SystemBypass filter for hydraulic oilLiebherr hydraulic oil, adapted for extreme climate conditionsLiebherr hydraulic oil, biodegradableEngineAir pre-filter with dust trapAutomatic engine shut-down after idling (without timer)Diesel particulate filterPrintedinGermanybyEberlRG-BKLFR/SP-12224287-1-2.18_enGBAllillustrationsanddatamaydifferfromstandardequipment.Subjecttochangewithoutnotice.AllindicatedloadsarebasedinaccordancewithISO9248.Non-exhaustive list, please contact us for further information.Options and / or special attachments, supplied by vendors other than Liebherr, are only to be installed with the knowledge and approval of Liebherr in order to retain warranty. Options。
推土机直铲设计说明书
目录第1章绪论........................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
1.1推土机概述 .................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
1.2推土机的结构与分类 .................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
1.2.1按行走方式分类 ............................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
1.2.2按发动机功率的大小分类 (3)1.2.3按传动方式分类 (3)1.2.4按推土装置机构形式分类 (4)1.2.5按应用领域分类 (4)1.3推土机发展概况 (5)第2章工作装置液压系统设计 (1)2.1 液压系统设计的内容与要求 (7)2.1.1 液压系统设计要求 (7)2.1.2 液压系统设计内容及步骤 (7)2.2 油缸的负载 (8)2.2.1 工作负载 (8)2.2.2 摩擦负载 (11)2.2.3 惯性负载 (12)2.3 确定液压系统的主要参数 (13)2.3.1 系统液压的确定 (13)2.3.2 计算油缸流量 (14)2.4 拟定液压系统原理图 (15)第3章工作装置 (17)3.1 推土铲 (17)3.1.1 铲刀型号 (17)3.1.2推土铲的结构类型 (18)3.1.3 推土机作业装置主要参数及结构尺寸的确定 (20)3.1.4 推土作业装置强度分析 (22)3.1.5推土装置的确定 (24)结论.................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
约翰迪尔K系列履带推土机450K 550K 650K说明书
450K / 550K / 650KTRIED ANDTESTEDPRODUCTIVE+RELIABLEHEARING IS BELIEVING.When customers talk, we listen. And when we designed our K-Series Dozers, we heard some greatinput. Your ideas resulted in the 450K that’s 16-percent more powerful than its predecessor. Ecomode that regulates engine rpm and the hydrostatic transmission to burn up to 20-percent lessfuel than previous models. Total Machine Control for customizable control of a variety of machinefunctions. And an optional Slope Control system that helps operators create slopes and pads withease. We believe you’ll recognize a lot to like in these proven machines.4WORKDAY WARRIORS BEEN THERE, DONE THAT.John Deere 450K, 550K, and 650K Dozers have a wealth of experience out in the real world. Whether your work is in road-building, construction, mining, or land clearing, these material masters are equipped to help you get some real work done.Go with the flowGenerous hydraulic flow and precise metering deliver quick and powerful blade response while enabling the natural “feel” that makes the most of an operator’s grading ability.Get good gradesUnlike traditional masted after-market grade-control systems that can be prone to theft, damage, and complicated installation, the purpose-built John Deere 650K SmartGrade™ Dozer combines powerful mastless technology with our track load-sensing system. This highly productive crawler features a fully integrated grade-control system that’s easy to set up and run. And it’s backed by the Deere dealer network.Fuel saverStandard Eco mode maximizesfuel usage by up to 20 percentcompared to conventionaltorque-converter transmissions,automatically adjusting engine rpmand powertrain settings based onload, without loss of performance.Engine techEPA Final Tier 4 (FT4)/EU Stage IVdiesels meet emission regulationswithout loss of power or torque.Four-valve head delivers increasedintake-air and exhaust-gas flowfor each wet-sleeve cylinder, forlong-lasting performance.Slope controlOptional Slope Control systemprovides simple-to-use gradecontrol that allows operators toset a desired slope and hold gradethrough changes in existing terrain.It helps both new and veteranoperators hold grade with lesseffort and without needing anexternal elevation reference.Shake it offOn electrohydraulic (EH)-equippedmachines, the blade-shake featurefor Power-Angle-Tilt (PAT) bladesautomatically shakes off dirt at thetouch of a button.OPTIONALSLOPE CONTROLREDUCES GRADINGEFFORTBLADE SHAKEREMOVES DEBRIS (FOR PAT BLADES ON EH-EQUIPPED MACHINES)STANDOUT FEATURE6DOWN TO EARTH.COUNTER-ROTATIONENABLES ON-THE-GO BLADE REPOSITIONING8ON THE JOB AND IN THE ZONE GET DOWN TO BUSINESS.You can almost feel fatigue fade inside the roomy, well-appointed cab of a 450K, 550K, or 650K. With their range of customer-inspired amenities, these dozers go quietly about the business of helping operators be comfortably productive.CAB-FORWARD DESIGN EXPANDS VISIBILITYTough conditions call for strong solutions. Our K-Series Dozers are built to tackle some of the most difficult applications you can put in front of them. When you know how they’re built, you’ll see what they can do for your operation.RUGGED AND RELIABLE.BUILT TO TAKE IT ONEXTEND BUSHING LIFE WITH MAXIMUM LIFE UNDERCARRIAGE(OPTIONAL)MORE UPTIME, LESS UPKEEP WE’RE OPEN-MINDED ABOUT EASY MAINTENANCE.Fluid assetsAvailable quick fluid-evacuation system helps speed servicing.500-hour engine oil and 2,000-hour transmission and hydraulic fluid intervals decrease maintenance downtime and expense.Idle awhileAuto-idle decreases engine speed when the dozer is not moving, to help maintain quiet working conditions and conserve precious fuel. Operators can program auto-idle to activatein increments from as soon as five seconds up to 15 minutes.Simplify serviceServiceability improvements on the550K and 650K over previous modelsinclude new composite fuel tank,redesigned diagnostic lines withpressure sensors, and John Deeretransmission control unit software.Get the messageExhaust filter operation and statusare indicated with on-screen displaysand icons. Diagnostic monitoralso provides easy-to-understandmessages that help speedtroubleshooting.12se.ngi i ne speedmovi i ng,to helpg condi i tionss fuel.Operatorse to activatesoon as fi fiveutes.tran n smission con n trol unit softw w are.troublesh h ootin n g.Get valuable insight withPRECISION CONSTRUCTIONThis suite of construction technology delivers ProductivitySolutions to help you get more done, more efficiently.The in-base JDLink™ subscription provides machinelocation, utilization data, and alerts to help you maximizeproductivity and efficiency. Other productivity solutionsinclude grade-management options for multiple machineforms and payload weighing for wheel loaders andarticulated dump trucks.To maximize uptime and lower costs, JDLink alsoenables John Deere Connected Support.ª John Deere’scentralized Machine Health Monitoring Center analyzesdata from thousands of connected machines, identifiestrends, and develops recommended actions, called ExpertAlerts, to help prevent downtime. Dealers use ExpertAlerts to proactively address conditions that may otherwiselikely lead to downtime. Your dealer can also monitormachine health and leverage remote diagnostics andprogramming capability to further diagnose problemsand even update machine software without a time-consuming trip to the jobsite.450K16While general information, pictures, and descriptions are provided, some illustrations and text may includeproduct options and accessories NOT AVAILABLE in all regions, and in some countries products and accessoriesmay require modifications or additions to ensure compliance with the local regulations of those countries. Machine Dimensions450K / 450K LGPBlade Type Power-Angle-Tilt (PAT)A Overall Height to Roof2799 mm (9 ft. 2 in.)B Tread Depth With Single-Bar Grouser49 mm (1.9 in.)C Ground Clearance in Dirt329 mm (13 in.)D Overall Length4016 mm (158 in.) (13 ft. 2 in.)E Blade Lift Height772 mm (30.4 in.)F Blade Digging Depth528 mm (20.8 in.)G Blade Cutting-Edge Angle, Adjustable52 to 60 deg.450K / 450K LGP WITH POWER-ANGLE-TILT (PAT) BLADEMachine Dimensions (continued)450K450K LGPStraightH Blade Width2464 mm (97 in.) (8 ft. 1 in.)2921 mm (115 in.) (9 ft. 7 in.)I Blade Height955 mm (3 ft. 2 in.)955 mm (3 ft. 2 in.)SAE Capacity 1.6 m3 (2.1 cu. yd.) 2.0 m3 (2.6 cu. yd.)Weight494 kg (1,090 lb.)628 kg (1,385 lb.)C-Frame Assembly Weight (without blade)330 kg (727 lb.)330 kg (727 lb.)J Blade Angle25.4 deg.25.4 deg.K Overall Width With Blade Angled2225 mm (7 ft. 4 in.)2639 mm (8 ft. 8 in.)L Blade Tilt (uses tilt jack)338 mm (13.3 in.)399 mm (15.7 in.)M Cut Reach56 mm (2.2 in.)58.4 mm (2.2 in.)N Width Over Track1854 mm (6 ft. 1 in.)2261 mm (7 ft. 5 in.)O Cast Reach318 mm (12.5 in.)320 mm (12.6 in.)Straight (option)H Blade Width2921 mm (115 in.) (9 ft. 7 in.)3150 mm (124 in.) (10 ft. 4 in.)I Blade Height955 mm (3 ft. 2 in.)894 mm (35 in.)SAE Capacity 2.0 m3 (2.6 cu. yd.) 1.9 m3 (2.5 cu. yd.)Weight628 kg (1,385 lb.)631 kg (1,391 lb.)C-Frame Assembly Weight (without blade)330 kg (727 lb.)330 kg (727 lb.)J Blade Angle25.4 deg.25.4 deg.K Overall Width With Blade Angled2639 mm (8 ft. 8 in.)2845 mm (9 ft. 4 in.)L Blade Tilt (uses tilt jack)399 mm (15.7 in.)429 mm (16.9 in.)M Cut Reach262 mm (10.3 in.)163 mm (6.4 in.)N Width Over Track1854 mm (6 ft. 1 in.)2261 mm (7 ft. 5 in.)O Cast Reach523 mm (20.6 in.)424 mm (17.0 in.)ABCGFI ED450KWhile general information, pictures, and descriptions are provided, some illustrations and text may include product options and accessories NOT AVAILABLE in all regions, and in some countries products and accessories may require modifications or additions to ensure compliance with the local regulations of those countries.Machine Dimensions (continued)450K / 450K LGPRear Ripper 450K / 450K LGPBlade Type PATMulti-shank parallelogram ripper with 5 pockets and 3 shanks Weight 981 kg (2,163 lb.)P Maximum Penetration 508 mm (20 in.)Q Maximum Clearance Under Tip 508 mm (20 in.)R Overall Length, Lowered Position 1450 mm (57 in.) (4 ft. 9 in.)R |Overall Length, Raised Position 1015 mm (40 in.) (3 ft. 4 in.)S Overall Beam Width 1830 mm (6 ft. 0 in.)T Slope Angle (full raise)40 deg.U Ripping Width 1670 mm (5 ft. 6 in.)V Distance Between Shanks 806 mm (32 in.)TR |RQ PVVU SLHrackJKM N O Cut ReachCast ReachWidth Over Track550K20While general information, pictures, and descriptions are provided, some illustrations and text may includeproduct options and accessories NOT AVAILABLE in all regions, and in some countries products and accessoriesmay require modifications or additions to ensure compliance with the local regulations of those countries. Machine Dimensions550K / 550K LGPBlade Type Power-Angle-Tilt (PAT)A Overall Height to Roof2799 mm (9 ft. 2 in.)B Tread Depth With Single-Bar Grouser49 mm (1.9 in.)C Ground Clearance in Dirt329 mm (13 in.)D Overall Length4016 mm (158 in.) (13 ft. 2 in.)E Blade Lift Height772 mm (30.4 in.)F Blade Digging Depth523 mm (20.6 in.)G Blade Cutting-Edge Angle, Adjustable52 to 60 deg.550K / 550K LGP WITH POWER-ANGLE-TILT (PAT) BLADEMachine Dimensions (continued)550K550K LGPStraightH Blade Width2667 mm (105 in.) (8 ft. 9 in.)2921 mm (115 in.) (9 ft. 7 in.)I Blade Height955 mm (3 ft. 2 in.)955 mm (3 ft. 2 in.)SAE Capacity 1.8 m3 (2.4 cu. yd.) 2.0 m3 (2.6 cu. yd.)Weight603 kg (1,330 lb.)628 kg (1,385 lb.)C-Frame Assembly Weight (without blade)399 kg (879 lb.)399 kg (879 lb.)J Blade Angle22.2 deg.22.2 deg.K Overall Width With Blade Angled2469 mm (8 ft. 1 in.)2705 mm (8 ft. 11 in.)L Blade Tilt (uses tilt jack)363 mm (14.3 in.)399 mm (15.7 in.)M Cut Reach117 mm (4.6 in.)56 mm (2.2 in.)N Width Over Track2007 mm (6 ft. 7 in.)2362 mm (7 ft. 9 in.)O Cast Reach345 mm (18.3 in.)287 mm (11.0 in.)Straight (option)H Blade Width2921 mm (115 in.) (9 ft. 7 in.)3150 mm (124 in.) (10 ft. 4 in.)I Blade Height955 mm (3 ft. 2 in.)894 mm (35 in.)SAE Capacity 2.0 m3 (2.6 cu. yd.) 1.9 m3 (2.5 cu. yd.)Weight628 kg (1,385 lb.)631 kg (1,391 lb.)C-Frame Assembly Weight (without blade)399 kg (879 lb.)399 kg (879 lb.)J Blade Angle22.2 deg.22.2 deg.K Overall Width With Blade Angled2705 mm (8 ft. 11 in.)2916 mm (9 ft. 7 in.)L Blade Tilt (uses tilt jack)399 mm (15.7 in.)429 mm (16.9 in.)M Cut Reach234 mm (9.2 in.)163 mm (6.4 in.)N Width Over Track2007 mm (6 ft. 7 in.)2464 mm (8 ft. 1 in.)O Cast Reach465 mm (18.3 in.)391 mm (15.4 in.)ABCGFI ED550KWhile general information, pictures, and descriptions are provided, some illustrations and text may include product options and accessories NOT AVAILABLE in all regions, and in some countries products and accessories may require modifications or additions to ensure compliance with the local regulations of those countries.Machine Dimensions (continued)550K / 550K LGPLHrackJKM N O Cut ReachCast ReachWidth Over Track Rear Ripper 550K / 550K LGPBlade Type PATMulti-shank parallelogram ripper with 5 pockets and 3 shanks Weight 981 kg (2,163 lb.)P Maximum Penetration 508 mm (20 in.)Q Maximum Clearance Under Tip 508 mm (20 in.)R Overall Length, Lowered Position 1450 mm (57 in.) (4 ft. 9 in.)R |Overall Length, Raised Position 1015 mm (40 in.) (3 ft. 4 in.)S Overall Beam Width 1830 mm (6 ft. 0 in.)T Slope Angle (full raise)40 deg.U Ripping Width 1670 mm (5 ft. 6 in.)V Distance Between Shanks 806 mm (32 in.)TR |RQ PVVU SSPECIFICATIONS650K24While general information, pictures, and descriptions are provided, some illustrations and text may includeproduct options and accessories NOT AVAILABLE in all regions, and in some countries products and accessoriesmay require modifications or additions to ensure compliance with the local regulations of those countries. Machine Dimensions650K XLT / 650K LGPBlade Type Power-Angle-Tilt (PAT)A Overall Height to Roof2762 mm (9 ft. 1.25 in.)B Tread Depth With Single-Bar Grouser49 mm (1.9 in.)C Ground Clearance in Dirt341 mm (13.5 in.)D Overall Length4255 mm (168 in.) (14 ft. 0 in.)E Blade Lift Height818 mm (32.2 in.)F Blade Digging Depth500 mm (19.7 in.)G Blade Cutting-Edge Angle, Adjustable52 to 60 deg.650K XLT / 650K LGP WITH POWER-ANGLE-TILT (PAT) BLADEABCGFI EDMachine Dimensions (continued)650K XLT650K LGPStraightH Blade Width2667 mm (105 in.) (8 ft. 9 in.)2921 mm (115 in.) (9 ft. 7 in.)I Blade Height1067 mm (3 ft. 6 in.)955 mm (3 ft. 2 in.)SAE Capacity 2.2 m3 (2.9 cu. yd.) 2.0 m3 (2.6 cu. yd.)Weight603 kg (1,330 lb.)628 kg (1,385 lb.)C-Frame Assembly Weight (without blade)399 kg (879 lb.)399 kg (879 lb.)J Blade Angle22.2 deg.22.2 deg.K Overall Width With Blade Angled2469 mm (8 ft. 1 in.)2705 mm (8 ft. 11 in.)L Blade Tilt (uses tilt jack)363 mm (14.3 in.)399 mm (15.7 in.)M Cut Reach117 mm (4.6 in.) 5 mm (0.2 in.)N Width Over Track2007 mm (6 ft. 7 in.)2464 mm (8 ft. 1 in.)O Cast Reach345 mm (13.6 in.)236 mm (9.3 in.)Straight (option)H Blade Width2921 mm (115 in.) (9 ft. 7 in.)3150 mm (124 in.) (10 ft. 4 in.)I Blade Height955 mm (3 ft. 2 in.)894 mm (35 in.)SAE Capacity 2.0 m3 (2.6 cu. yd.) 1.9 m3 (2.5 cu. yd.)Weight628 kg (1,385 lb.)631 kg (1,391 lb.)C-Frame Assembly Weight (without blade)399 kg (879 lb.)399 kg (879 lb.)J Blade Angle22.2 deg.22.2 deg.K Overall Width With Blade Angled2705 mm (8 ft. 11 in.)2916 mm (9 ft. 7 in.)L Blade Tilt (uses tilt jack)399 mm (15.7 in.)429 mm (16.9 in.)M Cut Reach234 mm (9.2 in.)112 mm (4.4 in.)N Width Over Track2007 mm (6 ft. 7 in.)2464 mm (8 ft. 1 in.)O Cast Reach465 mm (18.3 in.)340 mm (13.4 in.)650KWhile general information, pictures, and descriptions are provided, some illustrations and text may include product options and accessories NOT AVAILABLE in all regions, and in some countries products and accessories may require modifications or additions to ensure compliance with the local regulations of those countries.Rear Ripper 650K XLT / 650K LGPMulti-shank parallelogram ripper with 5 pockets and 3 shanks Weight 981 kg (2,163 lb.)P Maximum Penetration 508 mm (20 in.)Q Maximum Clearance Under Tip 508 mm (20 in.)R Overall Length, Lowered Position 1450 mm (57 in.) (4 ft. 9 in.)R |Overall Length, Raised Position1015 mm (40 in.) (3 ft. 4 in.)S Overall Beam Width 1830 mm (6 ft. 0 in.)T Slope Angle (full raise)40 deg.U Ripping Width 1670 mm (5 ft. 6 in.)V Distance Between Shanks 806 mm (32 in.)TR |RQ PVVU SLHrackJKM N O Cut ReachCast ReachWidth Over Track Machine Dimensions (continued)650K XLT 650K LGP Blade TypePATPATStraight (option)H Blade Width 3150 mm (124 in.) (10 ft. 4 in.)3251 mm (128 in.) (10 ft. 8 in.)I Blade Height 894 mm (35 in.)955 mm (3 ft. 2 in.)SAE Capacity 1.9 m 3 (2.5 cu. yd.) 2.2 m 3 (2.9 cu. yd.)Weight631 kg (1,391 lb.)694 kg (1,530 lb.)C-Frame Assembly Weight (without blade)399 kg (879 lb.)399 kg (879 lb.)J Blade Angle22.2 deg.22.2 deg.K Overall Width With Blade Angled 2916 mm (9 ft. 7 in.)3010 mm (9 ft. 11 in.)L Blade Tilt (uses tilt jack)429 mm (16.9 in.)445 mm (17.5 in.)M Cut Reach340 mm (13.4 in.)157 mm (6.2 in.)N Width Over Track 2007 mm (6 ft. 7 in.)2464 mm (8 ft. 1 in.)O Cast Reach569 mm (22.4 in.)569 mm (22.4 in.)While general information, pictures, and descriptions are provided, some illustrations and text may include product options and accessories NOT AVAILABLE in all regions, and in some countries products and accessories may require modificationsor additions to ensure compliance with the local regulations of those countries.Net engine power is with standard equipment including air cleaner, exhaust system, alternator, and cooling fan at test conditions specified per ISO9249. Specifications and design subject to change without notice. Wherever applicable, specifications are in accordance with SAE standards. Except where otherwise noted, these specifications are based on units with standard equipment, rollover protective structures (ROPS), full fuel tanks, and 79-kg (175 lb.) operators.Key: l Standard s Optional or special See your John Deere dealer for further information.Additional equipment450K 550K 650K Engine l l l Meets EPA Final Tier 4/EU Stage IV emissions l l l John Deere PowerTech™ PWS 4045 4.5L engine l l l Turbocharged and air-to-air aftercooled l l l Electronic control with automatic engine protection l l l Eco mode l l l Dual safety element dry-type air cleaner, evacuatorvalvel l l Exhaust filter, under hood, with vertical stack l l l Engine glow-plug starting system l l l Automatic turbo cool-down timer l l l Programmable auto-idle and auto shutdown l l l Wet-sleeve cylinder liners l l l Remote-mounted fuel filters with automaticelectronic primings s s Engine coolant heater, 110 volts l l l Exhaust stack, black s s s Exhaust stack, chrome s s s Rotary ejector engine air pre-cleaner s s s Severe-duty fuel filter and water separator withheating elementl l l 100-amp alternator, cab and canopyCoolingl l Direct-drive cooling fan, blower typel Hydraulically driven cooling fan, variable-speedsuction types Automatic, programmable reversing-fan-drive fanl l l Engine cooling rated –37 deg. C (–34 deg. F)l l l Enclosed safety fan guard (conforms to SAE J1308and ISO3457)l l l Perforated engine side shields l l l Heavy-duty perforated grille l l l Heavy-duty, trash-resistant radiator and high-ambientcooling packages s s Extreme-duty perforated grille with light guardPowertrainl l l Dual-path hydrostatic (HST) transmission l l l Reverse-speed ratios (100%, 115%, and 130% presets)l l l Remote diagnostic test ports l l l Operator-selectable decelerator function (hydrostatsand engine or hydrostats only)450K 550K 650K Powertrain (continued)l l l Wet, multi-disc parking brake l l l Full power turns with infinitely variable track speed l l l Single-lever steering with counter-rotate function l l l HST (dynamic) service brakes l l l Automatic cold-weather transmission warmup system l l l Automatic transmission derating for exceeded systemtemperaturesl l l 2,000-hour vertical spin-on transmission filterHydraulic Systeml l l Open-center fixed-displacement hydraulic gear pump l l l 3-spool manual control valve for Power-Angle-Tilt(PAT)s s s 3-spool electrohydraulic (EH) control valve for PAT s s s 4-spool manual-control valve for PAT s s s 4-spool EH control valve for PAT with single auxiliary l l l 2,000-hour vertical spin-on hydraulic filter s s s Drive-through hydraulic pump for use with winch s s s Grade-control-ready electrohydraulics s s s Slope Control systems SmartGrade™ 3D mastless grade controlOverall Vehiclel l l Front tow loop, bolt-on l l l Reinforced engine and mid-frame bottom guards l l l Integral transmission guard l l l Vandal protection: Engine access door / Side tankaccess doors / Fuel tank / Instrument panel / Trans- mission reservoir / Hydraulic reservoirs s s Fluid-sample valves s s s Quick-service ports s s s Forestry limb risers (sweeps)s s s Trimble-ready interface package s s s Topcon-ready interface package s s s Leica-ready interface packageAttachmentss s s Counterweight, front, 94 kg (207 lb.)s s s Counterweight, rear, 150 kg (330 lb.)s s s Retrieval hitch with pin s s s Extended rigid drawbar with pin for pull-typeimplementss s s Drawbar, extended for winch (with or withoutfairlead)26Canopy Cab Operator’s Station / Electrical l l Retractable seat belts, 76 mm (3 in.) (conform to SAE J386) l l Accessories: Convex wide-angle interior rearview mirror /Thigh cushions (2) / Cup holders (2)l l Power port (cab includes two power ports)l l Lockable dash-mounted storage compartmentl Air conditioner and heater, 24,000 Btu l Tinted glass l Dome lightSTD LGP 450K Shoes l 406-mm (16 in.) moderate servicel 610-mm (24 in.) moderate serviceSTD LGP 550K Shoes l s 457-mm (18 in.) moderate servicel 610-mm (24 in.) moderate serviceXLT LGP 650K Shoes l s 457-mm (18 in.) moderate service s s 510-mm (20 in.) moderate service with clipped cornerss 610-mm (24 in.) moderate servicel 710-mm (28 in.) moderate service with clipped cornersKey: l Standard s Optional or special See your John Deere dealer for further information.Additional equipment (continued)Canopy CabOperator’s Station / Electrical (continued)lWipers, intermittent with washers: front window and left and right doorss Rear wiper and washer s s Full screenss s Rear window screenlStandard seat, vinyl with heavy-duty air suspension l Standard seat, fabric with heavy-duty air suspension sDeluxe seat, heated with heavy-duty air suspension and leather bolstered sl Under-seat heaterl AM/FM/Weather Band (WB) radio with USB and auxiliary port and MP3 player front plug-ins Premium radio with Bluetooth ®, AM/FM/WB radio with USB and auxiliary port, remote auxiliary, and remote USB portl Radio-area storage slotl l Lockable master electrical disconnect switchllMultifunction/multi-language LCD monitor: Analog display (fuel level, coolant temperature, and engine oil pressure) / Digital display (engine rpm, charge pressure, hours, DPF soot level, and transmission direction/speed range)s sMultifunction/multi-language 178-mm (7 in.) color LCD monitor for Slope Control: Tachometer, hour meter, trans- mission direction and speed (forward/reverse), exhaust filter status, ambient temperature, and clockl l Built-in diagnostics: Diagnostic-code details / Sensor values / Calibrations / Individual circuit tester l l Keyless start with multiple security modes l l Battery, dual, 24 voltsl l Lights: LED, grille-mounted front (2) and halogen, cab-mounted rear (2)ss LED lights: grille-mounted front (2), cab-mounted front (2), and rear (2)s External-mounted attachment mirrorllJDLink™ wireless communication system (available in specific countries; see your dealer for details)While general information, pictures, and descriptions are provided, some illustrations and text may include product options and accessories NOT AVAILABLE in all regions, and in some countries products and accessories may require modificationsor additions to ensure compliance with the local regulations of those countries.Net engine power is with standard equipment including air cleaner, exhaust system, alternator, and cooling fan at test conditions specified per ISO9249. Specifications and design subject to change without notice. Wherever applicable, specifications are in accordance with SAE standards. Except where otherwise noted, these specifications are based on units with standard equipment, rollover protective structures (ROPS), full fuel tanks, and 79-kg (175 lb.) operators.450K 550K 650K Attachments (continued)s s s Rear ripper, parallelogram, 3 shank, 5 pocket s s s Winch, John Deere 4000, power in/free spool outOR power outs s s Winch, John Deere 4000, low speed, power in/freespool out OR power outs s s 4-roller fairlead for winch s s s Root-rake blade attachmentUndercarriagel l l Full-length, smooth-surface track frame covers l l l Chain guides, front and rear l l l Maximum Life undercarriage system with SC-2™bushingss s s Extended Life undercarriage with SC-2 bushings s s s Heavy-duty sealed and lubricated undercarriage s s s Full-length rock guards l l l Double-flange rollers DKAKUDZR Litho in U.S.A. (21-04)。
山推245液压挖掘机司机使用手册
山推245液压挖掘机司机使用手册摘要：一、山推245液压挖掘机简介二、驾驶室及操作装置三、液压系统介绍四、发动机及冷却系统五、行走及传动系统六、工作装置及附件七、维修保养与故障排除八、安全操作注意事项九、驾驶技巧与操作规范十、附录正文：一、山推245液压挖掘机简介山推245液压挖掘机是一款高性能、高效率的挖掘设备，广泛应用于建筑工程、矿山开采、市政建设等领域。
该挖掘机采用先进的液压技术，具有卓越的挖掘力、适应性和可靠性。
以下是关于山推245液压挖掘机的详细介绍，旨在帮助用户更好地了解和使用这款设备。
二、驾驶室及操作装置山推245液压挖掘机的驾驶室宽敞舒适，配备多功能操作装置。
驾驶室采用密封设计，有效降低噪音和振动，为驾驶员提供良好的工作环境。
操作装置布局合理，便于操作员掌握，有助于提高工作效率。
三、液压系统介绍山推245液压挖掘机采用国际知名品牌液压元件，保证了系统的稳定性和可靠性。
液压系统具有以下特点：1.高效力矩传递，提高挖掘力；2.快速响应，提高工作效率；3.系统压力调节，保证液压元件寿命；4.冷却系统，确保液压油温度适宜。
四、发动机及冷却系统山推245液压挖掘机搭载高效低排放的发动机，具有出色的动力性能和燃油经济性。
冷却系统采用高效风扇和散热器，确保发动机在高温环境下正常工作。
五、行走及传动系统山推245液压挖掘机采用刚性行走装置，具有良好的路面适应性和稳定性。
传动系统采用国际知名品牌零部件，具有高效、低噪音、低磨损的特点。
六、工作装置及附件山推245液压挖掘机配备多种工作装置和附件，可根据施工需求进行灵活更换。
工作装置采用高强度材料制造，具有高耐磨性和寿命。
七、维修保养与故障排除为确保山推245液压挖掘机的正常运行，用户需定期进行维修保养。
手册中详细介绍了维修保养流程、检查要点及故障排除方法，帮助用户及时发现并解决问题。
八、安全操作注意事项山推245液压挖掘机操作过程中，驾驶员需严格遵守安全操作规程。
山推SD22操作保养
5.随时观察、调整，使机车保持正常状态。
6.经过250小时使用后，应按照最初250小时保养表进行保养。 备注：参考发动机厂磨合期保修规定。
第三章：SD22推土机常规部位调整
3-1、风扇皮带、发电机皮带调整
风扇皮带调整螺丝 发电机皮带调整螺丝 检查皮带轮有无损伤，V形槽及皮 带的磨损情况，并看其接触是否合 适。皮带如拉长或没有调整余地， 或有碎裂，要更换新皮带，两条皮 带须同时更换 ！
在悬崖或路肩上作业时应 注意减速避免翻车
夜间作业应有足够的照明 设施 使用钢索时 钢索周围不 要站人
2-4、推土机操作演示
2-4-1、启动前后检查 启动前： ① 启动前应首先排放燃油箱底部积存的水份及杂质。 ② 检查冷却液、发动机机油是否正常（注：水箱盖在高温时不能打开，防止 高温高压水蒸气喷出伤人）。 ③ 检查蓄电池负极开关（如果有）是否接通（否则启动电路无法接通） ④ 变速杆是否在空挡位置（否则启动电路无法接通） ⑤ 鸣笛 注意：启动前必须确认周围无工作人员（或闲杂人员）。 启动后：
变速、转向、中央传动放油口
转向精滤器 变速精滤器
4-2-6、变速、转向粗滤芯的拆装
1、安装滤芯时，检查壳体底部 是否有遗留物. 2、滤芯、弹簧要放正放入位置. 3、O型圈要均匀涂油. 4、端盖对角拧紧.
注：滤芯如有破损必须更换
4-2-7、变速、转向精滤芯的更换
端盖拆卸，拉出滤芯总成
拆卸固定螺丝，更换新滤芯
（2） 与用户初次见面注意事项
穿着整洁、热情大方，自我介绍要面带微笑，礼貌用语。 认真和用户商讨安排交货程序及配合(如:人员、设备的配合）方式，以 确保交货服务顺利进行。
1-2、随机资料的讲解与确认
交货之前将所需工具、资料摆放整齐，注意车体的清洁，向用户展示标准化的 山推售后服务。 对整机、随机工具、资料、配件验收时，应对用户认真讲解各物品的用途及正 确使用方法。
卡特彼勒 CAT D8T 推土机产品说明
®
履带式推土机
发动机 发动机型号 总功率 飞轮功率
重量 工作重量 运输重量
Cat® C15 ACERT
259 kW
347 hp
231 kW
310 hp
38 488 kg 29 553 kg
84,850 lb 65,152 lb
• 工作重量：包括液压控制装置、铲刀倾斜油缸、冷却 液、润滑剂、注满的燃油箱、滚翻保护结构、防落物 保护结构驾驶室、半通用型推土铲、单齿杆裂土器、 560 mm (22 in) MS 履带板和操作员。
作业机具
各种推土机铲刀、裂土器、绞盘以及 其他选装件可用于改装 D8T，以适应 具体应用的需要，提高您的生产力。 第 14 页
工艺适用于要求严苛的作业。 D8T 经久耐用的结构非常适合恶劣的工作 条件。它结合采用 ACERT 技术的 C15 发 动机以获得优异的性能和燃油经济性，并 达到目标排放要求，从而以低廉的运营成 本保持物料运送的可靠性，符合您对卡特 彼勒的期待。
C15 缸体。整体式灰铸铁缸体采用大 量的肋板增加硬度，同时重载轴承的 突缘增加刚度和强度。集成标准 o 型 密封圈连接点，降低了发动机机油和 其他油液的损耗。
C15。D8T 转速为 1,850 转/分时的最 大额定净功率为 231 kW (310 hp)，在 此条件下，其大排量和高扭矩储备赋 予它进行粗糙物料推土作业所需的强 大动力。再结合高效的扭矩分配器和 电子控制的动力换档变速箱，该机器 能够可靠地运行多年。
计算机辅助运土系统 (CAES)（选装）。 板载电子现场计划为机器操作员实时 指引挖方和填方地点。设计方案图示 以及机器的垂直和水平视图可简化操 作，提高生产能力。这种先进的信息 工具融合了 GPS 技术（厘米级）和 驾驶室内计算功能，以获得精确的坡 度和斜率控制能力。它经受了实践的 考验，能够对工作质量和总体生产率 产生可观的影响。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
第九届“雄鹰杯”大学生发明创造竞赛
新型推土机产品说明书
指导老师 魏家鹏 王猛 申报者 李浩然 合作成员 贺振金 王磊 张谦 房胜杰
一、产品设计背景
随着工程机械设计水平和制造技术的不断提高，推土机的功能不断完善，由于推土机能单独完成挖土、运土和卸土工作，具有操作灵活、转动方便、所需工作面小、行驶速度快等特点，其应用领域和范围逐渐扩大。
例如在道路建设施工中，推土机可以完成路基基底的处理，路侧取土横向添建筑路堤，沿道路中心线向铲挖转移，运土壤的路基挖填工程，依山取土修筑半堤半堑的路基。
此外，推土机还可以用于平整场地，堆积松散材料，清除作业地段内的障碍物等。
当前推土机可分为履带式和轮胎式两种。
履带式推土机附着牵引力大，接地比压小，爬坡能力强，但行驶速度低。
轮胎式推土机行驶速度高，机动灵活，作业循环时间短，运输转移方便，但牵引力小，适用于需经常变换工地和野外工作的情况。
其动力装置通常由柴油机和机械传动装置组成，能量转化较低，造成能量的极大浪费。
本产品设计风格独特，外观和结构新颖，集履带式和轮胎式推土机优点于一身，能量转化效率大大提高，切实做到技术上可行，经济上合理。
二、产品结构设计
1、整车车厢架于车体框架架构，依托结实的大梁和合理的结构设计，完全可以达到工程作业标准和功能设计标准。
2、前履带架
（1）为保证推铲工作时的结构强度，前履带架采用一体式结构，故为非独立悬挂，不可用于转向。
（2）为保证强大的牵引力，前履带架采用宽大的有机橡胶履带，并为倒花纹路。
3、后履带架
后履带架位于驾驶室正下方，同时无较大工作载荷，故作为转向轮，并采用独立悬挂机构设计，为驾驶人员提供舒适的工作环境。
4、人性化设计
（1）多功能座椅及任意空间移动的触控面板使得工作条件更加人性化和功能化；
（2）全景的驾驶室更方便用于的全局操控和工作；
（3）前倾的挡风玻璃提供了更合理的驾驶视线。
5、底盘
（1）前置舵机保证了整车可以调整俯仰角度，保证顺利的进行爬坡运动。
（2）空气悬挂设计，保证了这车底盘高度可依据不同路面和工作状况进行调节
三、产品工作原理
1、动力机构工作原理
针对内燃机的效率问题，该作品突破传统内燃机工作效率低，浪费大的局限，整车以柴油发电机组为主要动力，在此基础上我们将促进柴油发动机冷却液沸腾，转化成水蒸气后导入小型的燃气轮机，将
原本散失掉的热能加以利用，大大减少了能源的浪费，提高发电效率。
而后将冷凝水导回水箱，实现了水的循环利用。
2、行走机构工作原理
针对不同的路况,“履带×轮”模式使该推土机集履带式和轮胎式推土机优点于一身，四轮可从履带架中伸出，通过偏心转动将车轮旋下于地面相接触，适应于不同工况。
同时四个车轮采用独立的驱动电机，每个车轮为一个独立的动力单元。
相比于传统内燃机，电动机的扭矩更大，响应性更好，提高作业效率。
四、产品功能提取
·推铲可左右摆动
·推铲可定向卸荷
·提高地面处理效率，也可用于扒土，补偿推土机的功能。
·将过盈的沙土从侧面统一卸出，避免从推铲上端溢出影响已经处理好的工作平面
·将履带和车轮相融合，并变换使用
·电动机的扭矩更大，响应性更好。
·保证顺利的进行爬坡运动。
·车底盘高度可依据不同路面和工作状况进行调节
·将原本散失掉的热能加以利用
五、创新创意
创新点一：可左右摆动的推铲
通过中心支架，在保证强度的同时，解决了传统推土机不能转动
推铲的问题。
创新点二：推铲可定向卸荷
普通推土机的最佳工作距离为40~50m，定向卸荷依靠推铲两侧侧板上的卸荷窗口，并配合推铲的转动，将过盈的沙土从侧面统一卸出，避免从推铲上端溢出影响已经处理好的工作平面。
创新点三：震动式后犁
后犁可震动松土，提高地面处理效率，也可用于扒土，补偿推土机的功能。
创新点四：“履带×轮”模式
（1）首次将履带和车轮相融合，并变换使用。
四轮可从履带架中伸出，通过偏心转动将车轮旋下于地面相接触。
集履带式和轮胎式推土机优点于一身，适应于不同工况。
（2）四个车轮采用独立的驱动电机，每个车轮为一个独立的动力单元。
相比于传统内燃机，电动机的扭矩更大，响应性更好。
创新点五：高效动力——内含小型增程燃气轮机整车以柴油发电机组为主要动力，但传统内燃机的工作效率仅为17%~30%，为此，我们将促进柴油发动机冷却液沸腾，转化成水蒸气后导入小型的燃气轮机，将原本散失掉的热能加以利用，大大减少了能源的浪费，提高发电效率。
而后将冷凝水导回水箱。
附：
产品整体效果图
左右摆动推铲
定向卸荷
震动式后犁
“履带×轮”模式
感谢各位评委老师！。