托福阅读难句精选翻译(2)
托福阅读长难句精选篇
托福阅读长难句精选篇为了让大家更好的预备托福考试，我给大家整理托福阅读长难句，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
托福阅读长难句1今日我们来看这样一个句子：这个句子看似不长，但有点抽象，看看大家能不能一遍或两遍就能看懂。
One of the most difficult aspects of deciding whether current climatic events reveal evidence of the impact of human activities is that it is hard to get a measureof what constitutes the natural variability of the climate. (TPO10, 38)我是分界线，大家先自己速读哦。
One of the most difficult aspects (of deciding)(whether current climatic events reveal evidence of the impact of human activities) is that it is hard to get a measure of (what constitutes the natural variability of the climate).(TPO10, 38)老邪分析：这个句子的主干就是：One of the most difficult aspects is that修饰一：(of deciding) ，介词短语，修饰aspects中文：确定修饰二：(whether current climatic events reveal evidence of theimpact of human activities) ，宾语从句，中文：现在气候大事是否揭露了是人类活动影响的证据修饰三：(what constitutes the natural variability of the climate) ，宾语从句中文：什么组成了气候的自然可变性参考翻译：确定现在气候大事是否揭露了是人类活动影响的证据，其中最大困难之一在于很难去测量是什么组成了气候的自然可变性。
托福阅读长难句(第2期)
托福阅读长难句（第2期）—实例分析1在托福阅读考试中，长难句一直是难点，也是让很多同学头疼的地方。
面对又长又复杂的句子时应该怎么办？以下是成萌老师总结的阅读实例，为各位同学详细的讲解。
阅读TPO32-1Plant Colonization植物移生1、Success in colonization depends to a great extent on there being a site available for colonization – a safe site where disturbance by fire or by cutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level at which the invading species can become established.解析：这句话的难度在于连字符后的同位语句子，a site available for colonization 和a safe site是同位语，棋后的定语从句中主要动词是either removed…or reduced…to…，难点在于明确…or…，either…or…，…and…各自的并列成分。
连字符前的there being a site available for colonization做宾语。
to a great extent的搭配表示“在很大程度上”，作为副词性介词短语修饰动词depend，类似的表达有to some degree, in some measure, to some point, in some part. 生物学中的colonization不能翻译成“殖民”，而是指“ (动、植物)移植，移生，移地发育”。
经典托福阅读长难句翻译
1. Accordingto conventional theory， yawning takes place when people are bored or sleepy andserves the function of increasing alertness by reversing， through deeperbreathing， the drop in blood oxygen levels that are caused by the shallowbreathing that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom.【译文】根据传统的理论，当人们无聊或者困倦的时候，打哈欠会出现。
打哈欠通过深呼吸来逆转血液中氧含量的降低，从而的起到提高警觉的功能。
而血液中氧含量的降低是由浅呼吸导致的，而浅呼吸又伴随着缺觉或无聊。
2. The keyfactor in the success of these countries （along with high literacy， whichcontributed to it） was their ability to adapt to the international division oflabor determined by the earlyindustrializers and to stake out areas ofspecialization in international markets for which they were especially wellsuited.【译文】这些国家成功的关键因素（促成这个因素的是高识字率）是他们有能力适应由早期的工业化国家决定的劳动力国际分工并占领了他们特别适合的国际市场中的专业化领域。
3. In the second case， pollinators（insects， birds） obtain food from the flowering plant， and the plant has itspollen distributed and seeds dispersed much more efficiently than they would beif they were carried by the wind only.【译文】在第二个案例中，传粉者（昆虫和鸟）从开花植物中获取食物，而植物也使得它们的花粉和种子相比于只通过风传播的更加高效。
托福阅读长难句分析
托福阅读长难句分析为了让大家更好的预备托福考试，我给大家整理托福阅读长难句，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
托福阅读长难句1The people of the Netherlands, with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping, had difficulty in developing good harbors suitable for steamships:eventually they did so at Rotterdam and Amsterdam, with exceptional results for transit trade with Germany and central Europe and for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and raw materials (sugar, tobacco, chocolate, grain, andeventually oil). (TPO18, 59)mercantile /mɜːk(ə)ntaɪl/ adj. 贸易的，商业的exceptional /ɪksɛpʃənl/ adj. 特别的，杰出的，突出的我是分界线，大家先一遍速读看是否理解The people of the Netherlands, (with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping),had difficulty (in developing good harbors suitable for steamships): eventually they did so at Rotterdam and Amsterdam, (with exceptional results) (for transit trade with Germanyand central Europe) and (for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and rawmaterials) (sugar,tobacco, chocolate, grain, and eventually oil). (TPO18, 59)托福阅读长难句100句分析：修饰一：(with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping) ，介词短语，修饰The people of the Netherlands中文：有着长期渔业和商业海运传统修饰二：(in developing good harbors suitable for steamships) ，介词短语中文：在进展适合蒸汽船的好港口修饰三：(with exceptional results) ，介词短语中文：有杰出的成果修饰四：(for transit trade with Germany and central Europe) ，介词短语中文：由于和德国以及中欧的贸易修饰五：(for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and raw materials) ，介词短语中文：加工海洋产品以及原材料托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：有着长期渔业和商业海运传统的荷兰人，在进展适合蒸汽船的好港口上有困难：最终他们在Rotterdam and Amsterdam这样做了，并由于和欧洲以及中欧的贸易以及加工海洋产品以及原材料(如糖、烟草、巧克力、谷物以及油)，从而取得了杰出的成果。
【必备资料】托福TPO阅读长难句解析及专项训练(二)
【必备资料】托福TPO阅读长难句解析及专项训练（二）在以下的内容中为大家整理了具有代表意义的托福阅读长难句，给出了专业的语法解析、原句翻译及意群训练，作为托福备考的重要资料。
考生可以通过这些长难句的专项训练，迅速掌握阅读长难句的理解方法和做题技巧。
In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meetits purpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they arebased on physical laws, have changed little since people first discoveredthem—even while building materials have changed dramatically.托福阅读长难句类型：复杂状语+复杂句子结构+插入成分+不明显的倒装+抽象名词虽然表面看来这个句子没有什么生词，但是这个句子理解起来并不容易，因为这个句子中出现的单词都是比较抽象的单词，例如 structure, achieve,size, strength, purpose, method,所以读句子的时候让人觉得不舒服。
句子开头就是一个目的状语，但是这个状语很长，让同学们搞不清楚谁是为了实现谁。
主句结构是 architecture employsmethods of support，但是随后作者又用 that 引导了一个定语从句来修饰 method,并且在定语从句一开始，that后面直接用because 引导了一个插入的句子，割裂了定语从句。
所以完整的复合句是这样的：architecture employs methods ofsupport that have changed little since people first discovered them，到此处作者仍不肯收手，用even while 引导了最后一个从句和定语从句做对比。
精选托福考试阅读难句汇总及解析
精选托福考试阅读难句汇总及解析1. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. （难度系数5，下同）译文：那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。
难句类型：倒装、省略a本句的正常语序应当是：That sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendnts an individuall will have and hence the number of gene copies transmited will be favored.但是因为主语That sex ratio之后的以which引导的修饰它的定语从句，如果按照以上语序，则有头重脚轻之感。
所以原文将此长长的从句倒装成谓语will be favored之后。
b在which引导的从句中，有两处省略：第一处在maximize的第一个宾语the number of descendants that an individuall will have中，an individuall will have是修饰descendants的定语从句，但是，因为descendants在从句中作have的宾语，所以引导词that可以省略。
第二处省略是在第二个the number of 之前，省略了与前面一样的成分that sex ratio which maximizes. And hence在此表示后面的成分作为前面―最大化一个个体的后代的数目的‖结果。
2. （This is ）A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower .(5++)复杂+倒装+省略;（这是一种）照亮现实的欲望，此欲望从来就不会唐突的取代后面的那种欲望，后者是我们可以将其部分的理解为一个兼任小说加和科学家的人想要去准确并具体的记录下一朵花的结构和文理的那种意义上的欲望。
托福阅读考试长难句分析
托福阅读考试长难句分析托福阅读长难句分析(1)In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet itspurpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered them——evenwhile building materials have changed dramatically.(44)大家先自己理解，多想想，先别看解析，看不明白，再看下面的解析。
(In order for the structure) (to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose), architecture employs methods of support that, (because they are based on physical laws), have changed little since people first discovered them—— (even while building materials have changed dramatically. )老邪分析：一个句子重点在于主干，看懂了主干，就看懂了句子的主要成分。
以下主干为句子中红色部分，括号里均是修饰成分。
修饰一：(In order for the structure)，介词短语修饰二：(to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose)，非谓语做形容词性修饰structure修饰三：(because they are based on physical laws)，插入语，插入语记得先跳过去，断句别出问题，that和have changed是在一起的。
托福阅读长难句精选
托福阅读长难句精选为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，给大家整理托福阅读长难句，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读长难句1一般情况下，句子主语、宾语和句子中其他部分的名词可能因包含大量前置或后置定语成分而变得非常复杂，而整句的谓语动词，其前后最多有副词作修饰，所以相对容易判断。
我们一旦找到整句谓语动词，它的施动者-主语、受动者-谓语以及主干也自然容易进一步识别。
例句1：A desire to throw over reality a lightthat never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what wemight consider a novelist-scientistto record exactly and concretely thestructure and texture of a flower.这个句子里出现的动词有throw, was, might give, mightconsider和record等。
首先，动词不定式不能作谓语，去掉throw和record;was 后不能紧跟情态动词，所以was和might give应属不同的句子，往前看我们发现that never was形成S+V格式，且紧跟着名词light后，再根据句意判断可知that never was 为a light的后置定语从句;稍作判断可知to throw over reality a light 为不定式做A desire的后置定语，此时吧它的不定式后置定语及alight的后置定语拿掉可得到简化结构：A desire might give awayabruptly to thedesire…。
Abruptly显然修饰动词短语give away。
至此我们得到a desire(S)+might giveaway(V)+thedesire(O), 经过这样的简化，整句主干已经得到;至于might consider, 明显和它前面的we组成S+V格式，这个从句跟在on the part of 后面做整句宾语thedesire的后置定语从句纵观整句，主语谓语后都跟了较长的定语成分，造成我们判断它们终结位置的困难。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
在托福阅读文章中经常会有一些句子成分很复杂的难句，这对于基础稍稍差一些的考生来说就是一个非常大的障碍，本系列为大家精选了50个托福阅读难句并进行翻译，大家可以在平时的复习中进行积累。
本文带来的是系列二，以下就来看看吧。
11.Since Canadian metropolitan areas have only one- quarter the number of kilometers of superhighways per capita as United States
metropolitan areas – and at least as much resistance to constructing more –suburbanization of peoples and functions is less extensive north of the border than south.
因为加拿大地大都市区域每城市高速公路公里总数量只有美国的四分之一，而且至少根据相当的居民数量去建设更多的高速公路，比较南部边界的而言，人群和设施的都市化在北部边界区延伸度较少。
12. They made available kinds of popular music heard previously only limited geographical areas or by specific ethnic and social groups –especially the blues, gospel songs, and jazz of African Americans and the traditional music of the southern Appalachian Mountains and other rural areas of the southern and western United States.
他们制造了相当多种类的流行音乐，这些音乐以前只限于在地理区域或特殊的种族和社会群体能被听到，尤其是象布噜斯、福音歌曲和非洲美国人的爵士乐和阿巴拉奇亚山脉南部和其他美国南部和西部的乡村区域传统音乐。
13. The development of the railroad and telegraph systems during the middle third of the nineteenth century led to significant improvements in the speed, volume, and regularity of shipments and communications, making possible a fundamental transformation in the production and distribution of goods.
雅思在第三个十九世纪中期铁路和电报系统的发展导致了在速度、音量和普通的船运和通讯上的明显的进步，使生产和分发货物方面的一个基础的转变有可能发生。
14. Add to this the timidity with which unschooled artisans – originally trained as stonemasons, carpenters, or cabinetmakers –attacked the medium from which they were to make their images, and one understands more fully the development of sculpture made in the United States in the late eighteenth century.
由于未受学校教育的艺术家们的胆却，他们通常被训练成石匠、木匠或家具师，抨击了在媒体中他们以前造就的自我形象和一个理解，这个理解就是雕塑的发展在十八世纪晚期的美国更加完全的发生了。
15. Instead of trying to keep down the body temperature deep inside the body, which would involved the expenditure of water and energy, desert mammals allow their temperatures to rise to what would normally be fever height, and temperatures as high as 46 degrees Celsius have been measured in Grant’s gazelles.
除了尽量去保持身体深处的低体温，这将包括支出水和能量，沙漠哺乳动物们允许他们的温度上升到一个通常来说是发烧的温度并且温度高达46摄氏度，这已被在格兰特瞪羚测得。
16. Solitary roosters shelter in dense vegetation or enter a cavity –horned larks dig holes in the ground and ptarmigan burrow into snow banks – but the effect of sheltering is magnified by several birds huddling together in the roots, as wrens, swifts, brown creepers, bluebirds, and anis do.
孤独的雄鸡躲避在茂盛的植被下或进入洞穴躲藏，如角状的百灵在地面挖洞躲藏和松鸡在雪岸挖洞躲藏，但是象鹪鹩、雨燕、褐色的爬行动物、蓝知更鸟和anis所做的一样，由于多只鸟一起拥挤在根茎下，所以躲避的效果被扩大。
17.Each SMSA would contain at least (a) one central city with 50000 inhabitants or more or (b) two cities having shared boundaries and constituting, for general economic and social purposes, a single community with a combined population of at least 50000, the smaller of which must have a population of at least 15000.
每个大城市及其郊区至少能容纳(a)一个5000居民人口的中心城市或(b)为了一个
普通的经济和社会目的共享边界和律法的两个城市，一个单个的融合的社区人口至少50000，更小一点的社区必须有至少15000人口。
18.Rather, they were made of a top layer of woolen or glazed worsted wool fabric, consisting of smooth, compact yarn from long wool fibers, dyed dark blue, green, or brown with a bottom layer of a coarser woolen material, either natural or a shade of yellow.
更进一步，他们是由一个顶层是毛纺或光滑的精纺羊毛织物制作，包含光滑，紧凑的纱线来自长羊毛的纤维染成兰黑色、绿色、或褐色底层含有粗糙天然的和暗黄色的毛纺材料。
19.No other set of colonists took so seriously one expression of the period, “Leisure is time for doing something useful,” in the countryside farmers
therefore relieved the burden of the daily routine with such double-purpose relaxations as hunting, fishing, and trapping.
没有其他的殖民者在那个时期如此严肃的持有一个的申明：休闲对做事有利，乡下农民们理所当然的收到如此双重任务：日常事务的重担和狩猎、捕鱼和诱捕的闲暇。
20.Life on Earth has continually been in flux as slow physical and chemical changes have occurred on Earth, but life needs time to adapt –time for migration and genetic adaptation within existing species and time for the proliferation of new genetic material and new species that may be able to survive in environments.
地球上的生命不断地演化，就象存在于地球中的缓慢地物理的和化学的变化，但是生物需要时间去适应，这就是现存物种的迁移和基因改变的时间，和以便能在环境中生存的新基因材料和新物种的繁殖的时间。
以上就是托福小编带来的托福阅读难句精选翻译(2)，希望本文的内容能够帮助大家备考，前程百利祝大家都能取得理想的托福考试成绩。