非谓语动词 ing作主语 宾语
非谓语动词作主语和宾语补足语

非谓语动词作主语和宾语补足语非谓语动词是一种不具备人称和时态的动词形式,包括不定式、现在分词和过去分词。
非谓语动词可以在句中充当主语和宾语补足语,起到补充说明和修饰的作用。
本文将详细介绍非谓语动词作主语和宾语补足语的用法和特点。
一、非谓语动词作主语1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时,常常位于句首,其后跟随一个动词或介词短语作谓语。
例如:To learn a foreign language requires patience and perseverance.学习一门外语需要耐心和毅力。
2. 现在分词作主语现在分词作主语时,常常强调动作正在进行。
例如:Running in the morning is good for your health.早上跑步对身体健康有好处。
3. 过去分词作主语过去分词作主语时,常常表示被动或已经完成的动作。
例如:Broken glass is dangerous, so be careful.破碎的玻璃很危险,所以要小心。
二、非谓语动词作宾语补足语1. 不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时,常常用于及物动词后,起到对动词的进一步补充和说明的作用。
例如:He wants to go abroad to study.他想去国外留学。
2. 现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语时,常常表示主动的动作。
例如:I saw him playing basketball in the park.我看见他在公园里打篮球。
3. 过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语时,常常表示被动或已经完成的动作。
例如:She had her car repaired at the garage.她把她的车送去修理了。
三、注意事项1. 非谓语动词作主语和宾语补足语时,其形式不会受到主语的人称和时态的影响。
例如:Smoking is harmful to your health.吸烟对健康有害。
2. 非谓语动词作主语和宾语补足语时,常常需要使用动词不定式的基本形式或现在分词/过去分词的原形。
动词-ing 形式 非谓语动词,动名词,现在分词

动词-ing 形式动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成, 它同时具有名词和动词的特征, 在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语及状语。
动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语,有时态和语态的变化。
主动形式被动形式一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done 否定形式: not+ -ing 构成一、动词-ing形式作主语1. 表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态, 谓语动词通常用单数。
如:Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 无论对年轻人和老年人来讲, 走路是一种很好的锻炼。
Watching news on TV has become a routine for me. 在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯。
Asking a woman’s age is impolite in some countries.在一些国家问一个女人的年龄是不礼貌的。
2. -ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用it作形式主语。
如:It is no use / no good / fun / hard work / a hard (difficult) job / a waste of time / dangerous / worthwhile / useless + doing。
如:It’s no use making an excuse for this.为这件事找借口是没有用的。
It is no good waiting for other people to make decisions for you. 等别人替你做决定是没有用的。
It’s a waste of time talking about such a useless thing. 谈论这样无用的事情简直是浪费时间。
二、动词-ing用作宾语1. 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词, 常见的有:finish, enjoy, avoid, admit, keep, mind, imagine, risk, practice, appreciate, consider, escape, miss, suggest, can’t stand, can’t help, give up, feel like, put off, permit等。
英语语法---非谓语动词-动词-ing形式

英语非谓语动词用法详解-动词ing形式ing形式:动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。
-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征,可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。
1、-ing的形式:-ing有一般式和完成式。
及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态,而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。
现在以及物动词(1)作主语:Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主语时,如果其结构较长,可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的-ing后置。
如:It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.(2)作表语:Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.(3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语。
She likes drawing very much.;②作某些短语动词的宾语。
Mary is thinking of going back to New York.;③ do+限定词(my, some, any, the等)+ -ing,表示“做…事”之意,如:We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon? ④作介词的宾语:Her sister is good at learning physics.;⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语:This book is well worth reading. –ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时,要用it作为形式宾语,而将作宾语的-ing后置,如:We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again?(4)作定语:The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate? 注:-ing形式作定语用时,如果-ing 只是一个单词,就位于其修饰的名词之前,如果是-ing短语,就位于其修饰的名词之后,-ing作定语时,被 -ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。
语法复习——非谓语动词(一)动词-ing的用法

try doing sth. 试着(用某种办法)干某事
try to do sth. 努力去干某事
go on doing sth. 继续干同一件事
go on to do sth. 接着干另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止干某事
stop to do sth. 停下(某件事)去干另一件事
语法复习——非谓语动词(一)动词-ing的用法
非谓语动词主要包括动词-ing形式、过去分词和不定式。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中所作的成分以及一些特殊句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。本讲主要阐述动词-ing形式的用法。
动词-ing形式起到名词、形容词和副词的作用,在句中可作主语、宾语和表语、状语和宾语补足语,但不能单独构成谓语。
Did he admit breaking the window?
他承认打破玻璃了吗?
He appreciated being advised.
他很重视别人的劝告。
They reported seeing a star in the east.
他们报告说东方出现了一颗星星。
例如:
They looked forward very much to meeting him again.
他们很希望再次见到他。
He came near (close) to falling into the pit.
他差点儿摔倒在坑里了。
The girl is on her way to becoming a famous singer.
“动词原形+ing”构成动词-ing形式可分为动名词和现在分词。
非谓语做主干成分(主语宾语表语)-高考英语一轮复习

此外,afford,strive,happen,fail,prepare,demand, wait, 等也要用不定式 to do作宾语。
afford to do sth 负担得起做某事
strive to do sth 努力做某事
happen to do sth 碰巧做某事
fail to do sth
capacity on surveying deep-sea environment. 4.We intended to visit the theme park but end up _g_o_i_n_g__ (go) to the zoo. 5.She enjoys __l_ea_r_n_i_n_g_ (learn) about body language in different cultures
未能够做某事
prepare to do sth 准备做某事
demand to do sth 要求做某事
wait to do sth
等待做某事
2.只能用doing作宾语的动词
避免(avoid)错过( miss )少延期( delay ) 建议( suggest/advise)完成( finish )多练习( practice ) 喜欢( enjoy )想象( imagine )禁不住( resist ) 承认( admit )否定( deny )与妒忌( envy ) 逃脱( escape )冒险( risk )莫原谅( pardon ) 忍受( stand )保持( keep )不在意( mind )
一、非谓语充当主语(doing、to do)
1、to do 做主语,通常位于句首,表示具体的某次动作,谓语动 词用单数。
To finish the homework is necessary. It is necessary to finish the homework.
高中英语知识导学 动词--ing形式作主语和宾语

动词--ing形式作主语和宾语概念引入动词-ing形式,即在动词原形的词末加-ing的形式,是非谓动词的一种。
在传统语法中动词-ing形式分成两部分:用法相当于名词的叫“动名词”,用法相当于形容词和副词的被称为“现在分词”。
在现代语法中,这两种形式同视为“-ing形式”。
1. Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary.2. If not, what kind of plant would you like to try growing?3. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.4. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.句1动词-ing及其宾语和状语一起作句子的主语,句2中growing是动词try的宾语。
这两个动词-ing形式都是动名词。
句3中disturbing修饰problem,是定语,句4中using及其宾语一起作状语,说明句子的谓语“are producing harvests”的方式。
这两个动词-ing形式都是现在分词。
注意:句4的producing与are一起构成现在进行时,是谓语形式,不属于本单元语法范畴。
用法讲解动名词的结构概述动名词是非限定动词的一种形式,由动词原形+ing构成。
它既有动词的特征,又有名词的特征,故称。
动名词也有时态和语态的变化,如表所示(以及物动词write为例),不及物动词没有语态的变化。
1. 动名词的否定结构动名词的否定结构由“not+动名词”组成。
如:Trying without success is better than not trying at all.实验没有成功也比不实验好。
动词ing形式作主语和宾语

❖ Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home? ❖ 你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?
[名师点津] (1)动词-ing 形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时, 不能用③④两种形式。 (2)无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。 Tom's winning the first prize last year impressed me a lot. 汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。 Do you mind my/me/Jack’s/Jack leaving now? 你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?
❖ [思维导图]
❖ 一、概念
❖ 动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,包 括现在分词和动名词两种。
❖ 1.动词ing形式的时态和语态
时态
语态 主动语态
被动语态
一般式
doing
being done
完成式
having done having been done
❖2.动词ing形式在句中的语法作用
❖ 动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定 语;现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和 定语。
I forgot posting the letter. 我忘了信已寄出。
❖ 四、动词ing形式的否定形式 ❖ 动词ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加
not,带有逻辑主语时not应放在逻辑主语和 动词ing形式之间。
❖ You have no excuse for not going. ❖ 你没有理由不去。
❖ 4.在begin,start,continue,intend后用动 词ing形式和用不定式作宾语均可,意义没 有多大区别。
非谓语动词动词ing之用法精讲

go on to do★ 做完一件事后,接下去做另外一件事
Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.
wonderful film.
8.The doctor advised ____(stay) longer in hospital. 9.We appreciate your _____(want) ______(help) us
in our difficulties. 10.Michael has delayed ___(write) to her till today. 11.The law forbids ______(sell)liquor to children. 12.They all suggested ______(give) more chances. 13.Can you imagine ______(leave) standing
句子成分
必背
句
动词-ing形式作主语的几个常用句型。
型
It‘s no good talking to him.
It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come.
It‘s worth making an effort.
There is no saying when it will stop raining.
2. Practise _____( put ) your hand to the ground. 3. I can’t help ______( have ) the trip to Britain. 4. Don’t tell me you always escape _____( fine)
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mhaovmeednitf?ficIu’mltyt/rtyroinugbl_et_o/p_f_rio_llb__le(mfill()inu)pdaoifnogrm.
B. It’s no use _a_s_k_i_n_g(ask) children _to__k_e_e_p(keep) quiet.
They can’t help _m__a_k_in_g_(make) a noise.
二、功能及用法(作主语)
提示:当动名词用作主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词 性物主代词和名词所有格构成。
1) 我姐姐病了,使我很担心。 My sister's being ill made we worried. 2) 你正确未必就意味着我错了。 Your being right doesn't necessarily mean
A. you to call
B. you call
C.your calling
D. you’re calling
I can hardly imagine Peter _____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail B. sailing C. to sail D. to have sailed
1)还是个孩子的时侯,她就觉得探视病人是一种责 任,也是一种愉悦。
As a child,she felt that ___v_is_i_ti_n_g_s_ic_k_p_e_o_p_le_ was a duty and a pleasure.
2)到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。
____________ in an American home will be a Togboeoadgeuxepsterience for me.
其他一些词组
lead to (导致) insist on what (how) about
feel like thank sb for apologize to sb for dream of
be busy (in) doing
have fun doing
have difficulty/trouble/problem (in) doing
--How many students will attend James’ course?
--I suppose there will be not more than ten, ____,
for it is too abstract.
A. If so
B. if possible C. if any D. if ever
作宾语
动词后
介词后 on, for, by, about…
+ing 口诀:Meipscarf
动词后作宾语
M: miss, mind
E: escape, enjoy, excuse, ensure(确保), evade(躲避)
I: imagine, include P: practise, pardon, put off S: suggest
have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)
It’s no use doing There’s no sense/point (in) doing干...是无意义的
spend as much time sb can doing
I really appreciate _____back this afternoon.
___m_y__b_e_i_n_g__w_r_o_n__g__________.
_______made her mother very angry. A. Mary married Jim 复合结构: sb’s doing B. Mary’s married Jim C. Mary’s marry=inMgarJyim’s being married to Jim
补充: dislike, delay give up
C: can’t help(禁不住), can’t resist(不能抵制),
can’t stand(无法忍受)
A: avoid, appreciate, admit(承认)
R: risk
F: finish, fancy, feel like
二、功能及用法 (用作宾语)
____ Lisa is a lovely and quiet girl, she can be very
naughty and duifficult to work with sometimes.
A. While B. As
C. Unless D. Once
--Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
try
regret mean
以下词有双重跟法,意义基本相同
can’t help
like dislike love continue start
以下词有三种动词形式
advise admit
consider
encourage forbid permit
It’s no use/good doing 1. HIet’ssuaggweastseted o_cf_at_lil_min_e(gcdaolli)nag meeting and _le_t_t_in_g(let)
B. Tom will take abroad 注意动名词的否定式 C. Tom’s being taken abroad (sb’s) not doing
D. Tom will be taken abroad That
二、功能及用法(作主语)
动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别:
动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不 定式则通常表示具体的动作。如:
the interval.
4. We can’t stand him _b_e_a_t_in_g_ (beat) the desk.
5. I couldn’t imagine that _b_e_i_n_g__(be) possible.
6. You still have a lot _t_o_l_e_a_r_n(learn) if you’ll forgive my s_a_y_i_n_g__(say) so.
thhe awvoerakegroso_dd_/we_c_oi_nd_de e(drfeucli/dhea)rthdetimmaett(einr)thdeominsgelves.
2. A: WfeWeoluhllidykenyooduto_icn_thgr_iyl_d_r_e(ntrmy)in_bd_o__a_k_t_i_en_e__gp_(i_bn_og(akte)?ep) quiet for a
V-ed V-ing
3.作定语
形 式
44..作作宾宾语语
形 式Biblioteka 5.作补语6.作状语
1.作表语 2.作定语 3.作宾补
4.作状语
一、动名词的形式
一般式 完成式
主动形式 doing
having done
被动形式 being done having been done
1.1作.作主主语语
doing/being done
D. Marry’s being married Jim That Mary had married Jim
To_m_’s _no_t b_ein_g_ta_ke_n… makes him very upset __________________ makes him very happy. A. Tom’s taking abroad 注意被动形式的ing
• 这类动词还有:excuse,fancy,give up,put off, risk等。
注意某些to充当介词的时候:
pay attention to, be devoted to get down to(着手干), object to(反对), look forward to, stick to(坚持), be/get used to习惯于
2.作表语
V-ed V-ing
3.作定语
形 式
44..作作宾宾语语
形 式
5.作补语
6.作状语
1.作表语 2.作定语 3.作宾补
4.作状语
V.-ing 形式
1.作主语 在改错时注意句型分析,此类
题目容易出现在改错题中。 1.Our ___c_o_m__in_g__(come ) made him happy. 2. _F_i_n_d_in_g__(find) more information arise important.
4)晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗? Do you __fe_e_l_li_k_e_h_a_v_in_g__a_w_a_lk__ with me after supper? 5)人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。
People c_o_u__ld_n_’_t_h_e_l_p_l_a_u_g_h_i_n_g_a_t_t_h_a_t foolish man.
1)我不能不去。
I can’t avoid going.
2)你是否考虑过找一位挚友? Have you considered _lo_o_k_i_n_g__fo_r_ one special friend?
二、功能及用法 (用作宾语)
3)我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 We must try to _a_v_o_id__r_e_p_e_a_ti_n_gthe same mistake.
--Sorry, with so much work ___ my mind, I almost break down.