英语翻译技巧第九节增词法

第九节增词法增词法不是无中生有地随意增词,而是增加原文中虽无其词但有其意得一些词。

一、根据意义上或修辞上的需要（一）增加动词1.In the evening， after the banquets， the concerts and the table tennisexhibitions， he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué。

2.Rostow was chosen to be a very influential intellectual by thetop-ranking officials———-—--- the wrong man at the wrong place with the wrong idea.3.There were no speeches， no foreign diplomats， no ordinary people withflowers。

4.They had been through it all at the side of our Party——-- long—termwars, the terrible hardships of hunger and cold， and ruined families ——-—-—until at last, in 1949， they were able to savor the sweet taste of triumph.1.晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后，他还得起草最后公报.2.高层官员们选择罗斯托成为一个很有影响的知识分子,这真是在错误的地方任用错误的人去实行官员的错误主张。

3.没有发表讲话,没有各国外交官到场，也没有普通人手持花束欢迎的场面.4.他们始终站在我们党的一边，经历过长期战争,忍受过饥寒交迫，遭受过家破人亡，好不容易熬到1949年，他们才尝到了胜利的甜头.作业：1.They talked for almost eight hours, through dinner and well into thenight.2.He favored the efforts to improve relations with all peace—lovingcountries。

3.“Nobody could count on his restraint or rationality，” he said.4.My work， my family, my friends were more than enough to fill my time.（二）增加形容词1.With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building their country!2.An enemy’s plane twisted in the sky, trailing flame and smoke。

3.O， Tom Canty， born in rags and dirt and misery， what sight is this!(Mark Twain)1.中国人民正在以多么高的热情建设他们的国家啊！2.一架敌机在空中螺旋下降,拖着浓烟烈焰掉了下去。

3.啊，汤姆•康第，生在破烂、肮脏和苦难中，现在这番景象却是多么显赫啊!作业：1.“This is grasping at straws, I know，" said the helpless man。

2.With the meeting to begin in just a couple of hours, I hadn’t the timeto worry about such trifles.3.“It’ll make a man of him，” said Jack. “College is the place.”4.He regarded the National Day edition of that paper as a collector’s item.（三）增加副词1.The crowds melted away。

2.As he sat down and began talking， words poured out.3.Tremaine sank down with his face in his hands。

4.In the films of those days， all too often it was the same one： boy tractordriver meets girl tractor driver； they fall in love and drive tractorstogether。

5.He was fascinated by the political processes—-—the wheeling and dealingof presidential politics, the manipulating, releasing and leaking of news, the public and private talks.1.人群渐渐散开了。

2.他一坐下来就讲开了,滔滔不绝地讲个没完。

3.屈里曼两手蒙着脸,一屁股坐了下去。

4.在那时候的电影里，总是老一套:男拖拉机手和女拖拉机手始而相遇，继而相爱,终而并肩开拖拉机了。

5.一幕幕政治花招真使他看入迷了：总统竞选活动中的勾心斗角，尔虞我诈；对新闻消息的幕后操纵、公开发表和有意透露，以及公开和秘密的谈话。

作业：1.Now and then his boots shone.2.A seagull saw the light from my window and darted up to it。

3.They lingered long over his letter。

4.He turned a chair around and straddled it, resting his chin on the back.（四）增加名词1.在不及物动词后面增加名词1）Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia.玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后,就靠洗衣服维持生活.2）First you borrow, then you beg.头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。

3）Then Lieutenant Grub launched into the old recruiting routine, “See，save and serve! Hannigan， free tour to all the ports in the world。

A fine ship for a home. Three meals a day without charge…You mustn’tlet such a golden opportunity slip by."于是，格拉布上尉开始说起征兵的老一套了:“见见世面,攒点钱，为国家出点力！汉尼根，免费周游世界上所有的港口.一艘上好的船为家，一天三餐不要钱…你千万不要错过这样大好的机会呀！"作业：1.After sailing round the world， he began to see things and tounderstand。

2.He ate and drank, for he was exhausted。

3.Day after day she goes to her work in different family--——sweeping， washing， cleaning.2.在形容词前增加名词1）This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine。

这部打字机真是价廉物美。

2）A new kind of aircraft—--— small， cheap， pilotless——— is attracting increasing attention。

一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意----—这种飞机体积不大，价格便宜，无人驾驶。

3）He is a complicated man-—— moody, mercurial, with a melancholy streak。

他是一个性格复杂的人——---—喜怒无常,反复多变,有些忧郁寡欢。

作业:1.He was wrinkled and black， with scant gray hair.2.The old tourists， weary but game， decided to take a break.3.Stephen came out of the hot factory into the damp wind and cold wetstreets， haggard and worn。

3.在抽象名词后增加名词To persuade说服 persuasion说服工作To prepare 准备 preparation准备工作Backward 落后 backwardness落后状态Tense 紧张 tension紧张局势Arrogant自满 arrogance自满情绪Mad 疯狂 madness疯狂行为Antagonistic 敌对 antagonism敌对态度1）After all preparations were made， the planes were flown across the U。

S. to San Francisco。

2）In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China。

3）Teachers help little pupils to have togetherness。

1）一切准备工作就绪以后，飞机就飞越美国去旧金山。

2）1969年夏天，政府公开主张缓和同中国的紧张关系。

3）老师们培养小学生的集体感。

4.在具体名词后增加名词1）He felt the patriot rise within his breast。

他感到一种爱国热情在胸中激荡.2）He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty。