中考英语专题讲义：动词(带答案)
课前回顾
知识梳理
知识点1：动词
I. 动词的定义：动词是表示动作或状态的词。例如：work，工作, study，学习，eat 吃。
II. 动词的分类：
1) 限定动词：限定动词在句中作谓语，有人称和数的变化。
2) 非限定动词：有动词不定式，动名词和分词三种。在句中不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
3)实义动词：有完整的词义，并能单独作谓语，实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。例如：study 学习, reach 到达, see 看见, rise 升起。
4）连系动词: 在句中作谓语动词，后面跟表语。连系动词有be, seem, look, become, get, grow, feel。
5)助动词: 只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态，语态和语气等动词形式。例如：do, shall, will, have, has.
6) 情态动词:表示能力，义务，必要，猜测等说话人的语气或情态。情态动词只能和动词原形一起构成谓语动词。情态动词有can, will, have, be, should, do, would, 等
Can/ may/ must用法概览
情态动词许可猜测其他
can 可以/ 表能力，“能够，会”
be able to
can’t不可以不可能表示不能做，能力的缺
失
may 可以可能表祝愿
May you be happy!
must / 一定表义务，必须
have to mustn’t不可以，禁止/ /
随堂练习：
1. You ________ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night.
A. may
B. need
C. should
D. ought to
2. For our safety, we ______ drive cars after drinking any wines.
A) can’t B) needn’t C) shouldn’t D) mustn’t
3. Can you speak louder, please? I ________ hear you clearly.
A. mustn't
B. shouldn't
C. needn't
D. can't
4. Passengers ______ stay seated during the take-off and landing.
A) can B) may C) should D) must
5. Computers __________solve many dif ficult problems quickly.
A) can B) must C) need D) should
6. It ________ be fantastic if more students join in the charity show tomorrow.
A must
B need
C can
D may
关于问答句
Can I…?Yes, you can/ may.
No, you can’t/mustn’t.
May I…?同上
Must I…?Yes, you must.
No, you needn’t.= No, you don’t have to.
随堂练习：
1.---Mum, can you buy me the new iPad after the High School Entrance Examination?
--- I’m afraid I _______, dear. We are short of money now.
A can’t
B mustn’t
C shouldn’t
D needn’t
2. ---Must we finish the poster in class?
---No, you _________ . You can finish it after class.
A．Mustn’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t
关于need的考点
情态动词：need do
行为动词：need to do，need sth.
1. Plants and flowers __________ water and sun when they start growing.
A. need to
B. don't need
C. needn't
D. need
2. There is still quite a lot of meat in the fridge, so you __________ buy any mo re.
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. can’t
D. shouldn’t
3. The weather report says it won’t rain this afternoon, so you_________take an umbrella with you.
A) shouldn’t B) mustn’t C) can’t D) needn’t
随堂练习：
1. Passengers ______ stay seated during the take-off and landing.
A) can B) may C) should D) must
2. Millie ______ come to attend your birthday party tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A) may B) must C) need D) has to
3. Computers __________solve many difficult problems quickly.
A) can B) must C) need D) should
4.Some Americans think if students chew gum（咀嚼口香糖）in class, they _______ focus on their study.
A) may not B) needn’t C) shouldn’t D) mustn’t
5. There is still quite a lot of meat in the fridge, so you __________ buy any more.
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. can’t
D. shouldn’t
6. The weather report says it won’t rain this afternoon, so you take an umbrella with you.
A) shouldn’t B) mustn’t C) can’t D) needn’t
7. Cathy has to do the same thing every day. She ______ be very bored with her job.
A) can B) need C) should D) must
8. —The manager says there’s no hot water after 8:00p.m.
—You mean we ________ go to bed without a shower. How terrible!
A) have to B) may C) must D) can
9. You ________ watch sports news for a while if you have finished your homework.
A) must B) need C) should D) may
10. On School Open Day, parents ________ know how colorf ul their kids’ school life is.
A) should B) can C) must D) need
11. For our safety, we ______ drive cars after drinking any wines.
A) can’t B) needn’t C) shouldn’t D) mustn’t
12.Plants and flowers __________ water and sun when they start growing.
A. need to
B. don't need
C. needn't
D. need
13. You have already tried your best, so you ________ worry too much about the exams.
A. can't
B. needn't
C. mustn't
D. shouldn't
14. Only you ________ do such a thing, I'm sure, and nobody else has such an ability.
A. must
B. should
C. may
D. can
15. You ______ worry about your son. He can take care of himself.
A. can’t
B. may not
C. mustn’t
D. needn’t
16 ---Mum, will you buy me the new iPad after the High School Entrance Examination?
--- I’m afraid I _______, dear. We are short of money now.
A can’t Bmustn’t C shouldn’t D needn’t
17. It ________ be fantastic if more students join in the charity show tomorrow.
A must
B need
C can
D may
18. Nowadays even a small personal computer _________ store huge amounts of information.
A. must
B. need
C. should
D. can
19. Every citizen ________ try his best to protect our environment. It’s our duty.
A. need
B. must
C. can
D. may
20. ---Must we finish the poster in class?
---No, you _________. You can finish it after class.
A．Mustn’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t
21. Christy has been in China for two years, but she still _______ speak Chinese.
A. needn't
B. can't
C. mustn't
D. shouldn't
22. Tom, you mustn't play with fire. You hurt yourself if you don't stop.
A.may
B. can
C. should
D. need to
23. You ______ wash your car at the moment. It’s going to rain.
A. needn’t
B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. can’t
24. Can you speak louder, please? I ________ hear you clearly.
A. mustn't
B. shouldn't
C. needn't
D. can't
Keys: DAAAB DDADB DDBDD AADBB BAAD
非谓语动词
非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。初中阶段需要掌握的主要是动名词和不定式的固定搭配，及使动用法的词现在分词和过去分词的用法差别。
固定搭配：
1) enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
2) keep /keep on /carry on doing sth. 继续做某事
3) feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
4) practice doing sth. 练习作某事
5) give up doing sth. 放弃作某事
6) be good at/ do well in doing sth. 擅长作某事
7) pay attention to doing sth. 注意作某事
8) what about/ how about doing sth.….怎么样(好吗)?
9) Thank you for doing sth. 为…感谢某人
10) mind doing sth. 介意做某事
11) be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
12) spend …(in) doing sth. 花时间作某时
13) be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于作某事
14) finish doing sth. 做完某事
15) look forward to doing. 盼望做某事
16) prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…胜过…
17) be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
18) keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的
satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的
surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的
worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的
Travelling is interesting but tiring．旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。
The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much．如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。
The argument is very convincing．他的论点很令人信服。
They were very excited at the news．听到这个消息，他们非常激动。
III. 动词的基本形式：
英语动词有四种基本形式：动词原形，过去式，过去分词和现在分词。这四种动词形式和助动词一起构成动词的时态，语态和语气。
1) 动词的原形。就是词典中所给的形式。例如：be, have, buy, sit.
2) 动词过去式和过去分词的构成有规则的和不规则的两种形式。规则动词的过去式和过去分词，由在原形动词的后面加词尾-ed 构成。例如：work - worked - worked. 不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的形式是不规则的，须要一一记忆。例如：go - went - gone, do - did - done.
3) 动词的现在分词由动词原形加-ing 构成。构成方法如下：
a）一般情况在动词原形后加-ing 。例如：go---going stand---standing
b）以不发音的e 结尾的动词，去掉e ，再加-ing. 动词是闭音节的单音节词，或是以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词，而末尾只有一辅音字母时，这个辅音字母须双写，然后再加ing。例如：arrive- arriving get- getting.
c）少数几个以-ie 结尾的动词，须将ie 变成y ，再加ing. 例如：die--dying lie--lying。
随堂练习：
中考题
1.As we all know, it's not polite to keep others __________for a long time. （2011上海中考）
A.wait
B. waited
C. to wait
D. waiting
2.You had better_______ because you have to drive back home. （2011上海中考）
A. not drinking
B. not drink
C.don't dri nk
D. not to drink
3. Before going to the History Museum, our teacher told us _________ the public rules. （2010上海中考）
A. obey
B. to obey
C. obeying
D. obeyed
4. The woman feels that she should let her son _______his own decision this time. （2009上海中考）
A.makes
B.make
C.to make
D.making
5. Susan finally became a popular singer after he practiced _________for years. （2009上海中考）
A.sing
B.to sing
C.singing
D.sang
6. Our headmaster asked us __________ a report on how to protect wild animals. （2008上海中考）
A. write
B. writing
C. to write
D. wrote
7.We’d better _____ off our mobile phones. The meet will start in a minute.
A. to turn
B. turning
C. turn
D. turned
8.What are you going to do when you finish ______the room?
A) to clean B)cleaning C)clean D)cleaned
9.We’ll make laws______ our environment.
A) protected B) protecting C) to protect D) protect
10. My little brother hopes the film Dad, Where are We Going, though he has seen it twice.
A) to see B) see C) to seeing D) saw
11. While in college, Mike never minded extra work for his class.
A) to do B) doing C) do D) did
12. To live a green life, we try ________ more energy and produce less pollution.
A. to save
B. save
C. saves
D. saved
13. Mr. White spent about one hour and a half __________ the accident report yesterday evening.
A. write
B. written
C. writing
D. to write
14. Children are often warned ______ the fire.
A) not to play B) to play C) don’t play D) doesn’t play
15. We’d rather _______ som e books instead of playing computer games.
A) read B) to read C) reading D) reads
课堂小结
课后复习
1. Linda and her mother are busy_______ the necessary things into their suitcases.
A) pack B) packing C) packed D) to pack
2. Even in the police station, the thief still denied ______ the girl’s wallet from her pocket.
A) steal B) stole C) stealing D) to steal
3. All of the teachers and students hope ____a successful result in the project.
A) have B)to have C)have D)having
4. All the people were amazed that the girl could keep ______ for hours.
A) turn B) turning C) to turn D) turned
5. In order to have a good sleep, you should let your body______.
A) relax B)relaxes C)to relax D)relaxing
6. Y ou had better ________ with her about the colour and the size of the furniture.
A) discussed B) discussing C) to discuss D).discuss
7.It is not easy for the Chinese ______for a Visa(签证)to the USA.
A. apply
B. to apply
C. applying
D. applied
8.I’ll invite you to my new flat as soon as I finish ______it.
A. decorating
B. decorate
C. to decorate
D. decorated
9. If I can’t finish _____________my homework now, I’ll go on with it after supper.
A. do
B. doing
C. did
D. to do
10. Nowadays most of the Chinese have decided ____ a trip to Malaysia.
A. don’t take
B. not to take
C. not take
D. won’t take
11. During the summer holidays, the girl practised ___ the piano for three hours every day.
A. play
B. plays
C. to play
D. playing
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2014中考英语语法知识点总结：动词
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2019中考英语专题练习-动词(含解析)
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中考英语动词短语专项练习综合
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(英语)中考英语专题汇编英语动词(一)及解析
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《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—动词的分类汇编附答案解析
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中考英语 专题练习动词及动词短语练习题(含答案)
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中考英语动词专项练习
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中考英语语法复习 be动词用法全解
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(英语)中考英语动词专项训练及答案含解析
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初三英语动词专项练习题及答案(中考必备)【可编辑】
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中考英语语法复习：动词的分类
xx英语语法复习：动词的分类 动词的分类 一、知识要点 1.及物动词和不及物动词 根据动词在句子中是否可以接宾语，可以把动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两种类型：A.能接宾语的动词称为及物动词，可分为跟单宾语的及物动词、跟双宾语的及物动词、跟复合宾语(即宾语+宾语补足语)的及物动词等。 My brother is flying the kite on the playground.我的弟弟正在操场上放风筝。(fly后跟单宾语kite) My mother gives me a new bike as the birthday present. 我妈妈给我一辆新自行车作为生日礼物。(give后跟双宾语me和a new bike)The teacher made his students happy by doing some games. 老师通过做游戏使得学生高兴。(made后跟宾语his students和宾语补足语happy)注意1：有些双宾语动词间接宾语(人)放在直接宾语(事物)后时，间接宾语前要加to。 常用的此类词有bring、give、hand、pass、pay、post、return、sell、show、teach、tell、throw、lend等。 Hand me that book, please. = Hand that book to me, please.请递给我那本书。 有些双宾语动词间接宾语(人)放在直接宾语(事物)后时，间接宾语前要加for。常用的此类词有buy、choose、cook、draw、book、find、get、make、order等。 My mom bought me a nice backpack. = My mom bought a nice backpack forme. 我妈妈为我买了一个好看的书包。注意2： A.及物动词有被动语态形式。
中考英语动词专题训练答案
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