北京大学附属中学河南分校2013-2014学年高二10月月考历史试题 word版含答案
时间:60分钟分值:100分第I卷(共50分)本卷共25个小题,每小题2分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、胡锦涛总书记提出的社会主义荣辱观(八荣八耻),其中“以团结互助为荣、以损人利己为耻”蕴涵着我国古代的A.荀子的“制天命而用之”的思想B.墨子的“兼爱”思想C.庄子的辩证法思想D.韩非的法术势相结合的思想2、《管子•任法》说:“有生法,有守法,有法于法。
夫生法者君也,守法者臣也,法于法者民也”。
其“法治”思想的实质是A.法律体现人民意志保护人民利益B.用法律约束每个人的行动C.法律是君主专制主义统治的工具D.体现中国古代的民主思想3、2007年9月28日上午,以“同祭先师,共享和谐”为主题的祭孔大典在山东曲阜隆重举行,“国人不可不知的五句《论语》经典”征集活动结果也同时公布。
五句《论语》经典不包括A己所不欲,勿施于人B 德不孤,必有邻C民为贵,君为轻D礼之用,和为贵4、2009年7月22 ,两千多年来时间最长的日全食横扫我国苏州等地的长江流域。
历史上,西汉宣帝年间发生一次日食时,宣帝即刻下诏说:“皇天见异,以戒朕躬,是联之不逮、吏之不称也。
”汉宣帝的认识和做法体现了哪种主张?()A.罢黜百家,独尊儒术B.大一统C.天人感应D.无为而治5、关于君主与百姓的关系,中国古代史上的思想家们多有论述。
孟子认为君权的获得依赖于天命和民心两方面,董仲舒主张“天子受命于天,天下受命于天子”,黄宗羲则主张“天下为主,君为客”。
对上述材料理解不正确的是()A.孟子认为君权来自于神和百姓的授予B.董仲舒的主张将君主权力进行神化C.黄宗羲的主张体现了民本思想D.他们都对君主拥有权力的正当性提出质疑6、清风吹动旗幡,一人说是风动,一人说是幡动。
禅宗六祖慧能说,不是风动,不是幡动,而是两位的心动。
在世界本原问题上,与慧能的观点有相似之处的思想家是()A.孔子B.程颢C.朱熹D.王阳明7、“眼珠子,鼻孔子,朱子高于孔子;眉先生,胡后生,后生长于先生。
”这是中国对联艺术中非常典型的双关联。
下列对“朱子高于孔子”喻意的最佳解释是A.朱熹的学说比孔子更科学B.朱熹建立了系统的理学理论C.朱熹继承和发展了儒家学说D.朱熹对儒学的贡献比孔子大8、某思想家说:“我之出而仕也,为天下……为万民,非为一姓也。
”他所反对的是A.民主共和制度B.中央集权制度C.专制主义制度D.君主立宪制度9、“圣人不责人之必能,是以人人皆可以为圣。
”这句话最符合下列哪位思想家的主张?()A.朱熹B.李贽C.陆九渊D.黄宗羲10、中国历史上第一次完整地提出具有现代色彩的民主思想,“立足于当时的现实而又一脚跨进了未来”的伟大思想家是A、朱熹B、李贽C、王夫之D、黄宗羲11、人们总是希望有一个“好皇帝”,依靠他拯救众生。
因此,在中国封建社会中,皇帝及皇权的长期统治便凝聚成对皇帝敬畏的世俗宗教意识。
农民战争并不反对这种意识,企图用一个“明君”去代替“暴君”。
开始对这种看法提出质疑的是()A.董仲舒B.朱熹C.黄宗羲D.王阳明12、古希腊智者学派的代表人物普罗泰戈拉说:“人是万物的尺度,是存在的事物存在的尺度,也是不存在的事物不存在的尺度。
”这一主张表明()A.古希腊民主政治充分尊重和保护个人利益B.人类社会的传统和习俗不容质疑C.社会的道德规范是客观统一的D.人们应对宗教神学持怀疑态度13、文艺复兴时期,人文主义者从古典文化中汲取精神力量,铸成了反对神学桎梏的武器。
以下最契合人文主义核心内涵的古希腊名言是A.求知是人类的本性B.心灵美比形体美更珍贵C.人的出类拔萃为城邦增加的荣耀可以超过神D.健康和聪明是人生的两大幸福14、下图是1490年米开朗琪罗为罗马圣彼得大教堂创作的大理石群雕像《哀悼基督》。
作品取材于圣经故事:耶稣基督被钉死在十字架上后,圣母玛利亚抱着死去的儿子无比悲痛。
这件作品的人文主义精神体现在()A.歌颂真实、自然的人性B.刻画耶稣的英雄形象C.宣扬罗马教皇的精神权威D.倡导灵魂得救的观念15、宗教改革前,关于教皇和皇帝的权力,有这样一种形象的比喻:教皇是太阳,皇帝是月亮;宗教改革后,人们换了一种说法:上帝的归上帝,恺撒(泛指皇帝)的归恺撤。
这种认识的改变反映了()A.教皇和皇帝的权力一直是平等的B.教皇的权力在上升,皇帝的权力在下降C.教皇的权力始终大于皇帝的权力D.皇帝的权力在上升,教皇的权力在下降16、15世纪,意大利人开始用各种地方性通俗语言文字翻译拉丁文《圣经》,这一现象说明A.天主教会已经放松思想控制B.宗教改革在意大利已经有了较大影响C.人文主义思想在意大利兴起D.通俗语言文字取代拉丁文成为官方文字17、伊拉克战争给美、伊人民都带来了深重灾难。
不久前,美国著名的“反战母亲”强烈要求美国众议院议长启动法律程序弹劾总统。
学生小明对此很感兴趣,想进一步了解西方三权分立政治模式的理论渊源,为此,你建议他阅读()A.《论法的精神》B.《人权宣言》C.《权利法案》D.《独立宣言》18、人们将伏尔泰、孟德斯鸠等人的思想称为启蒙思想,对“启蒙思想”这一历史概念最准确的表述是()A.对旧制度进行了批判,对新社会提出设想的思想B.批判了专制主义,提倡自由、平等的思想C.批判教权主义,提倡个人自由的思想D.否定封建王权,提倡权利的制约与平衡19、对于伏尔泰、卢梭的评判,歌德说:“伏尔泰结束了一个旧时代,而卢梭开创了一个新时代.”赫尔岑则说得更为坦率:“当伏尔泰还为了文明与愚昧无知战斗时,卢梭却已经痛斥这种人的文明了。
”他们的评价主要是针对卢梭的()A.天斌人权B.倡导信仰自由和民主政治C.人民主权D.人是万物的尺度20、著名的科学家李约瑟在《中国科技史》中提出:“他们固然没有把个人与社会分开,也没有把社会与整个自然界分开。
可是他们向来主张,研究人类的唯一适当的对象就是人本身。
因此,在整个中国历史上,儒家反对对自然进行科学的探索,并反对对科技作科学的解释与推广。
”李约瑟这段话的理解准确的是A.个人与社会、自然是无法分开的B.研究人类惟有研究人本身C.中国古代只注重人的研究,不重视科技的研究与推广,影响了科技的发展D.对自然界的研究是无法穷尽的21、汉字是世界上最古老的文字之一,下列文字出现的先后顺序是()A.①②③④B.②①④③C.②①③④D.①②④③22、郑燮的《墨竹图》,写修竹数竿,顾盼有情,疏爽飞动,浓淡相映,虚实相照,傲气风骨让人感慨。
这种借物抒情,表现自我,追求神韵意趣是什么绘画的特点()A.原始岩画B.汉代帛画C.中国文人画D.民间绘画23、“牛顿的发现,给人类带来从未有过的自信。
曾经匍匐在上帝脚下的人类,终于大胆地抬起头来,开始用自己理性的眼光打量世界。
”这主要说明牛顿的发现A.推动了天文学的发展B.促进了人类的思想解放C.使人类彻底摆脱了神学的影响D.使人类开始关注现实世界24、在未来的某一时间,有一结20岁的孪生兄弟,弟弟乘宇宙飞船以29万千米/秒的速度飞行,哥哥留在地球上。
50年以后,当哥哥已经变成白发苍苍的老人时,他去迎接回到地球的弟弟,却发现弟弟还是一个30多岁的年轻人!你认应该用什么理论来解释这一现象A.相对论B.量子理论C.万有引力定律D.质量不变定律25、有人说,如果说文艺复兴把神从人们的生活中驱逐出去;哥白尼的《天体运行论》把神从天文学中驱逐出去;17世纪的牛顿把造物主从无生命现象的研究领域驱逐出去。
那么,19世纪把造物主从有生命现象的研究领域驱逐出去的是A.达尔文B.拉瓦锡C.居里夫人D.爱因斯坦第Ⅱ卷(共50分)26、(20分)阅读材料,回答问题.材料一儒者博而寡要,劳而少功,是以其事难尽从,然其序君臣父子之礼,列夫妇长幼之别,不可易也。
——《史记〃太史公自序》材料二《春秋》大一统者,天地之常经,古今之通谊也。
今师异道,人异论,百家殊方,指意不同,是以上亡以持一统;法制数变,下不知所守。
臣愚以为诸不在六艺之科孔子之术者,皆绝其道,勿使并进。
邪辟之说灭息,然后统纪可一而法度可明,民知所从矣。
——《汉书〃董仲舒传》材料三天理流行,触处皆是:暑往寒来,川流山峙,父子有亲,君臣有义之类,无非这理。
——《朱子语类》卷四十材料四为天下之大害者,君而已矣。
天子之所是未必是,天子之所非未必非,天下亦遂不敢自为是非,而公其是非于学校。
——黄宗羲《原君》回答问题:(1)材料一对于儒学的社会价值有着怎样的认识?(2分)(2)材料二集中反映了董仲舒哪些思想主张?(2分)对于西汉王朝统治有何意义?(2分)(3)理学又被称为“新儒学”,据材料三说明其“新”在何处?(2分)(4)材料四作者有哪些新的思考?(2分)这些认识产生的经济根源何在?(2分)(5)据上述材料并结合所学知识,归纳中国传统文化主流思想的演变历程。
(4分)分析在2000多年的封建社会,儒家思想为何能一直保持正统地位?(4分)27、(30分)阅读材料,回答问题:东西方文明相互启发与合作促进了人类历史的进步。
阅读下列材料:材料1:为政以德,譬如北辰,居其所而众星共之,……子为政焉用杀?子欲善而民善也。
夫仁者,己欲立而立人,己欲达而达人。
己所不欲,勿施于人。
——孔子材料2:没有人因为知道了善而不向善的。
唯有理智最为可贵。
智慧意味着自知无知。
无知即罪恶。
美德即知识。
——苏格拉底材料3:16至17世纪的中国,新的经济形态还十分微弱、脆嫩,明清时期的早期启蒙思想家们先天不足,具有一种时代性的缺陷……黄宗羲等人提不出新的社会方案,而只能用扩大相权、限制君权、提倡学校议政等办法来修补封建专制制度。
孟德斯鸠、卢梭们则拿出了“三权分立”的君主立宪制、民主共和国这样的资产阶级国家蓝图,这表明,中国明清时期的进步思想与18世纪欧洲启蒙思想属于两个不同的历史范畴。
前者是中世纪末期的产物,后者是近代社会的宣言书。
——张岱年、方克立《中国文化概论》请回答:(1)材料一集中体现孔子的什么主张?(2分)材料二反映苏格拉底的什么观点?(2分)二者在本质上有何相似之处?(2分)(2)17世纪的中国和18世纪的法国,都产生了启蒙思想,其共同的原因是什么?(6分)中外启蒙思想最主要的共同之处是什么?(4分)本质区别是什么?(2分)(3)根据材料并结合所学的知识分析,同为启蒙思想,为什么在中国被称为“中世纪末期的产物”,而在法国则被称为“近代社会的宣言书”?(10分)(4)通过以上对人类不同文明的研究,我们从中能得到哪些结论?(2分)2013~2014学年第一学期十月份月考试卷高二历史参考答案一、选择题答案:二、非选择题答案:26、参考答案:(1)认为儒学有助于维护封建等级秩序(或对维护君臣、长幼秩序方面有可取之处)(2分)(2)“春秋大一统”、“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”;(2分)巩固国家政治统一,加强中央集权。
宁夏大学附属中学2013-2014学年高二上学期第二次月考历史试题Word版含答案
1、汉景帝时,景帝的弟弟梁孝王入宫晋见,皇帝相当亲热,得知梁孝王有五位儿子,但赐给他们五人侯爵之位,并赏赐许多物品。
梁孝王死后,景帝将梁孝王所遗之国分为五份,每位侯爵一份,又把他们的爵位通通提升为王。
历史学者读到这故事,最恰当的解释是()A.皇帝友爱兄弟,也疼爱子侄B.用提升其子孙爵位的方式来削弱封国实力C.加强位于边境的梁国屏障功能,以抵御外患D.皇帝推行开发边疆政策,使边境国梁国迅速发展2、右图是我国某一历史时期的部分行政区域示意图。
这一时期管理E区域的机构是()A.尚书省B.门下省C.行中书省D.中书省3、“郁郁涧底松,离离山上苗,以彼径寸茎,荫此百尺条。
世胄蹑高位,英俊沉下僚,地势使之然,由来非一朝”。
这首诗揭露的是哪一制度的弊端()A.井田制B.察举制C.九品正中制D.代田法4、记载:“(汉)文帝十三年,以御史不奉法,不失其职,乃遣丞相史出刺并督监察御史”。
《新唐书·百官志》记载:左右丞“掌辩六官之仪,纠正省内,劾御史举不当者”。
《金史》记载:“已卯,制纠弹之官知有犯法而不举者,减犯人罪一等科之,关亲者许回避”。
上述材料说明()A.弹劾是中国古代监察的一项重要权力B.中国古代监察制度重视监察官员的素质C.中国古代监察机构的权力来自皇权D.中国古代监察制度逐步走向完善与成熟5、亚里士多德说:“人是城邦的动物……也就是政治的动物。
”这一观点主要强调()A.城邦制下公民视城邦治理为已任B.城邦制是专制统治C.古希腊只重政治而轻文化D.城邦制度压抑人性6、“民主”一词源于古希腊语“demos”,意为人民。
在我国先秦经典《尚书》中曾多次提到“民主”,如“天惟时求民主,乃大降显休命于成汤”,意即“上天为民求主,天降大任于成汤,使为民主”。
这说明()A.古代中国的民主政治早于西方B.古代中国的民主政治源于西方C.商朝政治具有民主特征D.古代东西方民主存在本质区别7、1968年美国总统候选人乔治·华莱士在评论美国的政党政治的时候说:“在两党之间没有价值一角钱的区别”。
高二历史月考试题及答案-北京大学附属中学河南分校(宇华教育集团)2015-2016学年高二12月月考试题
宇华教育集团2015-2016学年上学期12月月考试题卷高二历史考试时间60分钟,满分100分第Ⅰ卷选择题一、选择题(共30题,每题2分)1.孔子主张社会和谐,墨子主张“兼爱”、“非攻”,孟子主张“政在得民”。
这些主张产生的共同社会背景是A.封建经济逐步兴起 B.百家争鸣趋于合流C.奴隶制度全面崩溃 D.社会长期动荡不安2.董仲舒为儒学增加了“君权神授”、“天人感应”的内容,后世皇帝的下列行为不属于这一理论应用的是A.皇帝即位要举行祭天仪式 B.确立“家天下”的皇位继承制C.把自然灾害与天意相结合 D.“奉天承运”是诏书中的常用语3.下列言论不符合宋明理学思想观点的是A.“夫天下之事,莫不有理” B.“父子君臣,天下之定理”C.“穿衣吃饭,即是人伦物理” D.“天理存则人欲亡,人欲胜则天理灭”4.明清之际形成的进步思想,最能体现时代发展趋势的是A.经世致用 B.天下兴亡,匹夫有责C.工商皆本 D.天下为主,君为客5.中国古代四大发明对当时西欧所起的主要作用是A.促进欧洲文化发展 B.导致骑士阶层衰落C.提供新航路开辟的条件 D.推动资本主义萌芽发展6.关于《诗经》的说法,不正确的是A.是我国第一部诗歌总集 B.收集了西周至春秋中叶的诗歌C.分风、雅、颂三部分 D.浪漫主义手法影响深远7.反映民间风情的风俗画是宋代以后绘画艺术突出特点,产生这一特点的根本原因是A.城市工商业的发展和市民阶层的出现B.统治者提倡C.民间文化的发展D.画家的性格8.鸦片战争惊醒了先进的中国人,他们开始睁眼看世界,向世界学习。
“他们”学习西方经历了一个渐进的过程是A.技术—思想—制度 B.技术—制度—思想C.思想—制度—技术 D.制度—思想—技术9.孙中山三民主义中涉及土地问题的是A.民族主义B.民生主义C.民权主义D.“三大政策”10.围绕新文化运动提出“打倒孔家店”的口号,某班学生展开评论。
你认为哪一评论是不妥当的A.这一口号体现了对东西方文化的理性认识B.其本质是资产阶级新文化反对封建旧文化C.有积极作用也有一定片面性D.动摇了儒家思想的统治地位11.孙中山说:“近世各国所谓民权制度,往往为资产阶级所专有,适成为压迫平民之工具。
河南师大附中2013-2014学年高二上学期期中考试历史试题
2013―2014学年第一学期 河南师大附中高二 年级 《 历史 》期中试卷试卷满分100分 考试时间100分钟第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共50分)一、选择题(每小题所给选项只有一项符合题意,请将正确答案的序号填涂在答题卷上) 1.“称尊长,勿呼名;对尊长,勿见能;路遇长,疾趋辑。
……能亲仁,无限好。
德日进,过日少。
……”该材料思想的核心来源于( ) A .道家B .儒家C .法家D .墨家2.美国历史学家费正清在评论秦朝灭亡时说:“在证明了法家思想确有效用的同时,秦王朝的灭亡体现了孟子的一个思想的正确——政府最终还是要依靠被统治者的默认。
”此处孟子的“一个思想”具体是指( )A .“民贵君轻”实行“仁政”B .“水则载舟,水则覆舟”C .圣人之要,四方来效D .加强中央集权,防止人民反抗3. 一个时代的服饰演变可以看出政治的变革、经济的发展和文化意识的嬗变:西周的“秩序井然”,战国的“清新变革”,唐的“丰满华丽,宋的“理性之美”。
能够反映出以上文化审美的历史现象分别是( )A .宗法制 “百家争鸣”、民主政治、理学盛行B .郡县制、“百家争鸣”、国家富强、“经世致用”C .宗法制、“百家争鸣”、国家富强、理学盛行D .郡县制、“罢黜百家”、政治腐朽、理学盛行4.社会阶层是指社会上分成不同地位高低的阶层,如贵族、奴隶等;社会流动是指不同阶层出身者可以因为后天因素而转换成另一个阶层,如平民可以因为努力而变成官员。
社会流动变大的意思是不同阶层出身的人转换另一个阶层的可能性变大。
若用这两个概念分析春秋战国的历史变动,以下表述正确的是( ) A.社会阶层的分级变少,社会流动则变大 B.社会阶层的分级变多,社会流动也变大C.社会阶层的分级变少,社会流动也变小D.社会阶层的分级变多,社会流动则变小5.梁启超将黄宗羲的《明夷待访录》视为“宣传民主主义的工具”。
孙中山等抽印《明夷待访录》中的《原君》《原臣》分发同志,宣传反清革命思想。
宁夏大学附属中学2013-2014学年高二下学期第二次月考历史试题Word版含答案
1、清代学者王国维在《殷周制度论》中说:“欲观周之所以定天下,必自其制度始矣。
周人制度之大异于商者,一曰立子立嫡之制,由是而生宗法及丧服之制,并由是而有封建子弟之制、君天子臣诸侯之制……”材料说明西周政治制度的显著特征是()A.将血缘姻亲关系与地缘关系结合以强化王权B.通过分封同姓诸侯以加强对地方的统治C.通过世袭制和嫡长子继承制以巩固奴隶主专政D.通过服饰规范等礼乐制度以维护贵族等级特权2、《资治通鉴》载,(唐)太宗曰:“文帝不明而喜察……事皆自决,不任群臣……群臣既知主意,唯取决受成,虽有愆违,莫敢谏争,此所以二世而亡也。
”唐太宗汲取此教训,主要的做法是()A.发挥三省的监督牵制作用B.完善朝议谏诤制度C.明晰六部的行政职能D.开科取士,广纳人才3、《元史·释老传》记载:“及得西域(西藏),世祖以地广而险远,民犷而好斗,恩有以因其俗而柔其人,乃郡县土番之地,设官分职,而领之于帝师。
”这表明元代()A.相权被分割B.君主专制达到顶峰C.对西藏地区采取特殊统治政策D.对周边少数民族实行“汉化”政策4、有学者说,在古代雅典,“政治领袖和演说家根本就是同义词”。
这一现象是雅典()A.政治体制的产物B.社会矛盾缓和的反映C.频繁改革的结果D.思想文化繁荣的体现5、“尽管罗马法律在妇女继承财产上做了严格限制,但一些聪明人往往能找到法律的漏洞……随着罗马在地中海地区的扩张,妇女们也开始占有大宗财产。
……许多妇女管理着家族的财政事务和大地产。
”这段话表明()A.妇女在家族中的地位逐渐与男子平行B.罗马法关于财产关系的规范不够严密C.妇女的财产继承权富有自然法的精神D.妇女的财产占有体现公民法的灵活性6、“工业革命改变了英国的社会结构,经济的持续增长造成中等阶级与工人阶级力量的壮大,贵族、大地主的地位与经济实力都大为下降了,但他们仍把持政治权力,造成权力分配与社会力量对比高度脱节的状态。
”为了解决这种“状态”,英国在政治上()A.发动光荣革命,与新贵族阶层妥协B.颁布《权利法案》,确立了议会主权C.建立内阁机构,限制国王的行政权D.改革议会制度,中等阶级更多参政7、美军驻阿富汗最高指挥官麦克里斯特尔抱怨自己与白宫的不和,称呼总统“令人不安、胆小懦弱”,结果被奥巴马解职……你认为总统的做法是()A.符合民主集中制原则B.违反了权力制衡原则C.违背宪法D.符合宪法对总统权限的制度8、近代一有识之士曾说:“一国所得,诸国安危而享之;一国所求,诸国群起而助之,是不啻驱西洋诸国,使之协以谋我”。
北京大学附属中学河南分校高二英语10月月考试题新人教版
北京大学附属中学河南分校2013-2014学年高二英语10月月考试题新人教版温馨提示:为避免完形填空出现在一张试卷的二面,试题顺序作了调整,但涂答案时请要按题号涂卡!祝考试成功!第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第二节完型填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)On Sunday morning, January 29, the call woke me up. It was the president of ABC News. “Lee, Bob has been __36__ in Iraq,” he said, choosing his words __37__. “He’s alive but he may have taken shrapnel (炮弹碎片) to the brain.”When I saw Bob in the hospital, nothing could have __38__ me. He was unconscious. His __39__ was swollen to the size of a rugby ball and a piece of his skull was missing. All sorts of __40__ were coming out of his body. His left eye looked like a dead fish. I tried to __41__ myself that he didn’t look that bad, that this was the __42__ and that he’d only get better from here.There were many months of treatment __43__. Every morning I would head over to the hospital and check on Bob. In the __44__ that a mother uses with her baby I would __45__ to him. I let him know about the kids. I told him stories about us and some of our best __46__ together. I brought music and had home movies for Bob to hear.One day when I pushed open the door as usual, I __47__. Bob was sitting up in bed, a huge smile on his face. He saw me and __48__ his hands in the air. “Hey, sweetie,” he said, “where have you been?” I tr ied to speak but no words came out. This was so much more than I’d wanted and prayed for, __49__ I couldn’t really believe it. My husband was __50__ and he was calling me. Half of me wanted to shout in __51__ and gratitude and half of me wanted to __52__ e verything, how I’d been there day after day for months. I __53__ to him.Bob was __54__. He had the best medical treatment possible and the finest doctors. But the most important thing __55__ to be the love that held us close.36. A. hidden B. caught C. wounded D. disturbed37. A. seriously B. carefully C. actively D.freely38. A. prepared B. damaged C. pleased D. choked39. A. arm B. leg C. head D. hand40. A. tools B. tubes C. weapons D. clothes41. A. convince B. accept C. suggest D. imagine42. A. worst B. best C. least D. most43. A. then B. ever C. before D. ahead44. A. name B. sound C. air D. voice45. A. point B. shout C. talk D.refer46. A. dreams B. memories C. thoughts D. secrets47. A. froze B. cried C. failed D. left48. A. held B. found C. lifted D. seized49. A. that B. but C. which D. and50. A. off B. up C. down D. back51. A. anger B. relief C. faith D.detail52. A. forget B. follow C. explain D. check53. A. waved B. walked C. moved D. ran54. A. fortunate B. patient C. generous D. powerful55. A. turned up B. turned out C. took up D. took out 第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)21. Could you drive me to the supermarket after supper if _________________?A. it is convenient of youB. you are convenientC. it is convenient to youD. you will be convenient22. _______ his earnings as a football coach, he also owns and runs a chain of sportsshops.A. ExceptB. BesideC. Apart fromD. In addition23. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ___________.A. valueB. useC. funD. sense.24. John Snow found that the polluted water was _________ for the outbreak of cholera.A. to blameB. blamingC.being blamedD. to be blamed25. After recovering from his illness, he was advised to ________ gardening as ahobby.A. take awayB. take offC. take onD. take up26. You have to listen for detailed facts. ________ you have to prepare the nextquestion depending on what the person says.A. HoweverB. MeanwhileC. ThereforeD. Otherwise27. Once a reporter receives his assignment from the chief-editor, he has to ______on his work and tries his best to work on it until the chief-editor ______ it.A. fix his attention; approvesB. focus; proves ofC. concentrate; approves ofD. get down; approves28. It is strange that the well-behaved gentleman _______ be so rude.A. shouldB. needC. mightD. would29.Have you ever had a case ______ someone accused your journalists of getting thewrong end of the stick?A. whatB. thatC. whereD. which30. The UK, ____ Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is a country famous ____ itshistory.A. consisted of, forB. consisting of, asC. consisting of, forD. consisted of, as31. Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him to university.A. lackingB. lackC. lacked inD. lacking of32. The manager promised to keep us _____ of how our business was going on.A. informedB. informingC. being informedD. to be informed33. The two presidents agree with each other on the whole, but much remains ______at the following meeting.A. to discussB. discussingC. to be discussedD. discussed34. Down __________ and hurt his leg.A. fell the boyB. fell heC. did he fallD. did the boy fell35. Not until ________to do my homework ________ how much time I had wasted playingcomputer games.A. I began; I realizedB. I began; did I realizeC. did I begin; I realizedD. did I begin; did I realize第三部分阅读理解(共两节; 满分40分)第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AAmazingly, we all do it. Still, no one smiles.I face an older woman, her head wrapped tightly in a red scarf. I see her nearly every day. Our eyes meet. We wait, unblinking, for the next order from the driver.“Now, repeat after me…” It is a command, delivered in the tones of a drill sergeant (操练军士). “Good morning, neighbor!”Our voices are weak and timid. For many of us, these are the first words we have spoken today. But we say them at the same time, like schoolchildren, to the strangers beside us.We smile and can’t help it. We have said it; the barrier has been broken. Good morning, neighbor. It is not so hard after all. Some of us repeat it. Others shake hands. Many laugh.The bus driver says nothing more. He doesn’t need to. Not a single newspaper goes back up. I hear laughter, a warm sound I have never heard before on bus No. 151. This day is starting off better than most.56. On hearing the sudden utterance of “Attention!”, the passengers ___________.A. stopped reading and put down their newspapers immediatelyB. looked up from the newspapers to see who was speakingC. sat still without responseD. were frightened57. The underlined word “commuting” in Paragraph 1 most probably means ___________.A. daily traveling between home and workB. long-distance rideC. communication technologyD. behavior patterns58. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The passengers on the crowded bus were so absorbed in reading their newspapersthat no one spoke.B. The passengers were physically close together but mentally they kept each otherat a terrible distance.C. The passengers didn’t follow the driver’s instruction at first.D. When the bus driver said nothing more, the passengers picked up and read theirnewspapers again.59. What would be the best title for the text?A. The Warmth of CommunicationB. The Exchange of InformationC. The Power of ObservationD. The Attitude to LonelinessBDo you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel the most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as John talks to himself: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation for the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Adjust your cycle to some extent by staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do ea rly in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam (打起精神) and work better at your low point.Begin with a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a slow yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do usual work in the afternoon and spend time doing important work for your high peak hours.60. According to Dr. Kleitman if you don’t want to get up in the morning ____________.A. you must be a lazy personB. you must catch a coldC. your energy cycle must be lowD. you should stay in bed61. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A. A change in a family member’s energy cycle.B. Familiar monologues.C. Unawareness of energy cycles.D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.62. If one wants to work better at his low point in the morning, he should ____________.A. change his energy cycleB. go to bed earlierC. overcome his lazinessD. get up earlier than usual63. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _________________.A. help you to control your temper early in the dayB. help to keep your energy for the day’s workC. enable you to concentrate on your routine workD. keep your energy cycle under control all dayCAny discussion of English conversation, like any English conversation, must begin with〝 The Weather〞. And in this spirit of observing traditional rule, I shall quote Dr Johnson’ s famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of the weather”, and point out that this observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago.This, however, is the point at which most people either stop, or try, and fail, to come up with a convincing explanation for the English “ addiction ” to the weather. They fail because their premise (前提) is mistaken: they assume that our conversations about the weather are conversations about the weather. In other words, they assume that we talk about the weather because we have a keen interest in the subject. Most of them then try to figure out what it is about the English weather that is so fascinating.Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that the English weather is not at all fascinating, and that our “addiction” to it is therefore very difficult to explain : “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that thereis not very much of it. A1l those phenomena that elsewhere give nature an edge of excitement, unpredictability and danger—tornados, monsoons, hailstorms—are almost wholly unknown in the British Isles.”Jeremy Paxman takes offence at Bryson’ s comments and a rgues that the English weather is truly fascinating:Bryson misses the point . The interest is less in the phenornena themselves , but in uncertainty. . . one of the few things you can say about England with absolute certainty is that it has a lot of weather. It may not include tropical cyclones but life at the edge of an ocean and the edge of a continent means you can never be entirely sure what you’ re going to get.My research has convinced me that both Bryson and Paxman are missing the point, which is that our conversations about the weather are not really about the weather at all: English weather – speak is a form of code, developed to help us overcome our natural reserve (含蓄) and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows, for example, that “Nice day, isn’t it?”,“Ooh, isn’t it cold?”; and other variations on the theme are not requests for weather data: they are greetings or conversation -starters. In other words, English weather – speak is a form of “cleaning talk” ——the human equivalent of what is known as “social cleaning” among our primate(灵长类的)cousins, where they spend hours cleaning each other’s fur, even when they are perfectly clean, as a means of social connection.64. As is stated in the passage, most people try to find out .A. why the English weather is so uniqueB. whether the English enjoy their weatherC. why the English are so interested in the topic of weatherD. whether the English really talk about weather when they do so65. Disapproving of Bill Bryson’ s opinion, Jeremy Paxman argues that .A. the English talk about their weather because it is unpredictableB. the English don’ t talk about weather as often as the outsiders thinkC. the English weather can be as exciting as anywhere else’sD. the English weather talk is merely a form of small talk66. According to the author, English weather – speak is similar toprimates’ social cleaning in that they are both .A. ways of greetingB. means social connectionC.fascinating topics between people D. phenomena difficult to understand to outsidersDA recent survey shows that the alarming rate of child suicide in Hong Kong, raising levels of stress and anxiety among young people, increasing conflicts between chil dren and teachers, and children’s complaints that their parents do not understand their problems—all point to a drop in “emotional quotient” (EQ) (情商), the ability to handle relationships.EQ is defined as the ability to deal with oneself and others effectively. High EQ, psychologists say, is easy to spot. Some of the greatest humanitarian (人道主义的) leaders have high EQ, along with successful managers and inspirational and respected teachers. The problem is not how to spot high EQ but to improve on low EQ, so society as a whole can benefit.In the United States, declining EQ among young people is seen as one of the factors behind rising young people’s crime because youths fail to understand others’ feelings—one of the key components of EQ. While the situation in Hong Kong is not so bad, there are warning signs that the levels of anxiety among youth may become critical. Declining EQ among Hong Kong teenagers has been acknowledged by several studies including a key study by the education concern group, the Learning-Teacher Association, which found a high degree of anxiety among students over the future and also that young people lacked confidence in dealing with problems. Parents and teachers will also need to develop their own EQ skills in order to deal with them effectively.Daniel Goleman cites a number of basic elements of high EQ: first, awareness of your feelings as you experience them which is very important to making good decisions in life; second, feeling or awareness of what others are feeling. “90% of emotional information is expressed non-verbally and people vary in their ability to pick it up,” Dr. Goleman says in his book.Dr. Goleman argues that without high EQ even highly-educated, highly-intelligent people will not find success in life. Or those with low EQ, even though they may be brilliant, tend to lack feeling and impulse control. They fail easily, and they are easily intolerant and often aggressive in interpersonal relations. Some educational psychologists believe work on EQ may be important in Hong Kong with its high rate of suicide among school children. EQ test may be able to help predict those most at risk, and those least able to deal with their own emotions or unable to deal with others, including parents and teachers.67. According to the passage, children in Hong Kong commit suicide at an alarmingrate as a result of _______.A. parents not understanding their childrenB. the rising levels of stress and anxiety among young peopleC. increasing conflict between children and teachersD. the inability of dealing with relationships68. We can infer from the passage that people with low emotional quotient _______.A. are least likely to become good leadersB. can deal with oneself and others effectivelyC. are beneficial to societyD. are more likely to be respected69. The word “its” in the last paragraph refers to ________.A. the work on EQB. EQC. Hong KongD. China70. Daniel Goleman believes that _______.A. one can be just as successful without having a high EQB. people not having high EQ may not be successful in life despite being extremelyintelligentC. people with low intelligence will not get a successful lifeD. only people with both high EQ and high IQ will be successful in life第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)Using more recent research, William Domhoff from the University of California found that dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop in humans. 74 Until they reach age five, they can not express very well what their dreams are about. Once people become adults, there is little or no change in their dreams. The dreams of men and women differ. For instance, the characters that appear in the dreams of men are often other men, and often involve physical aggression.The meaning of dreams continues to be difficult to understand. 75 If you dream that a loved one is going to die, do not panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die.A. Dreams make up for what is lacking in waking life.B. However, people should not take their dreams as reality.C. They have been considered as meaningless nighttime journeys.D. It gives scientists chances to better understand human mind.E. Children do not dream as much as adults.F. They think their mind is trying to tell them something.G. First, there was Sigmund Freud’s theory.第II 卷(非选择题,共35分)第四部分:写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)文中有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。
河南省新野县第三高级中学2014-2015学年高二10月月考历史试题 Word版含答案
高二10月月考历史试题第Ⅰ卷(共70分)一、单项选择题(每题2分,共70分)1.“所谓不知《春秋》,不能涉世;不精《老》《庄》,不能忘世;不参禅,不能出世。
”从中可以看出儒家思想的特点是()A.注重以人为本的理念B.注重研究社会现实C.着重研究人与自然的关系D.重视研究人的前世来生2.明太祖曾经想把孟子的牌位搬出孔庙。
根据你的判断,下列《孟子》一书最可能招致明太祖不满的一句是( )A.“君之视臣如土芥,则臣视君如寇雠。
”B.“长君之恶,其罪小;逢君之恶,其罪大。
”C.“非其君不事,非其民不使;治则进,乱则退……。
”D.“王何必日利?亦有仁义而已矣。
”3.陶渊明不愿“为五斗米折腰”,毅然辞去在任仅八十余日的彭泽县令;李白傲睨权贵,发出“安能摧眉折腰事权贵,使我不得开心颜”的呼声,他一生狂放不羁,隐逸行乐。
二人的人生价值和处世准则明显受到()A.孔孟之道的影响B.老庄哲学的影响C.韩非思想的影响D.墨家学说的影响4.儒家思想在后世不断发展,下列主张哪个具有民主启蒙色彩?()A.民为贵,社稷次之,君为轻B.天理是万物的本原C.为天下之大害者,君而已矣D.天人感应,君权神授5.在评论秦朝灭亡时,美国历史学家费正清说:“在证明了法家思想确有效用的同时,秦王朝也(从反面)体现了孟子的一个思想的正确——政府最终还是要依靠被统治者的默认。
”此处孟子的“一个思想”具体是指()A.制天命而用之B.“民贵君轻”,统治者要实行“仁政”C.兼相爱、交相利D.加强中央集权,防止人民反抗6.《史记》云:“诸吕作乱,日蚀、昼晦。
吴楚七国叛逆,彗星现,天狗过梁野。
”上述记载:()①反映了董仲舒的思想观念②给后人留下了研究天文学的宝贵资料③体现了迷信对封建史学的影响④具有科学精神A.①③B.②③④C.①②③D.③④7.“真知与常知异。
尝见一田夫,曾被虎伤,有人说虎伤人,众莫不惊,独田夫色动异于众。
若虎能伤人,虽三尺童子莫不知之,然未尝真知。
河南省南阳市2013-2014学年高二下学期期末质量评估历史试题 扫描版含答案
2014年春期高二期末质量评估历史参考答案一、选择题(每题只有一个最佳答案,每题2分,共30题,60分)1—5 DABDC 6—10 ADCBA 11—15 ADCAD16—20 BCBDC 21—25 ADCBD 26—30 ABDAB二、非选择题(共40分,其中31题14分、32题16分为必做题;33题10分、34题10分只选作一题并把相应题号在答题卡上涂黑,若多选按选作的第一题计分。
)31答案:(1)原因:权贵子弟在评定中占据优势;一些中正官徇私舞弊,最终被权门所把持,造成“上品无寒门,下品无士族”的局面;庶族地主阶层的发展壮大;统治阶级扩大统治基础的需要。
(任答两点得4分)(2)影响:选拔了很多人才(开元后,朝中名士由进士出身者占十之七八);成为平民的进身之阶(或破除了世家大族垄断官场的情形);巩固了统治(或将知识分子引入统治集团且被最高掌权者控制;或加强中央集权);促进诗歌创作的繁荣(促进了文学的发展)。
(任答三点得6分)(3)以下三种决策及理由均同等赋分:(只有决策没有理由不能得分)决策之一:废除。
当时的科举制选拔的多是缺乏进取精神和创造意识的人;科举制无法提供“新政”急需的人才;绝大部分人醉心于科举,新式学堂举办艰难。
决策之二:不能废除。
从根本上损害儒家思想地位,进而危及朝廷统治;会造成极大地社会动荡;无法保证官员选拔的相对公平公正。
决策之三:不立即废除,待时机成熟再废除。
举出不能立即废除的理由(参照不能废除的理由),然后列举时机成熟后一定要废除的理由(参照废除的理由)。
32.答案:(1)城市经济职能增强;商业活动彻底打破时间、地域的界限;商业市镇的兴起;世界上最早的纸币“交子”出现;市民生活丰富多彩(或瓦肆的出现);商业税超过农业税;三大发明成熟并外传,这是近代科学发展的先声;社会文化与生活日益世俗化(或平民化、大众化);对外贸易繁荣且范围广阔。
(任五点10分)(2)经济: 19世纪末民族资本主义初步发展,20世纪初民族资本主义出现“短暂的春天”。
[套卷]北京大学附属中学河南分校2013-2014学年高一上学期期中考试历史试题
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。
北京大学附属中学河南分校13-14学年高一10月月考-语文
北京大学附属中学河南分校2013-2014学年高一10月月考语文试题一、基础选择题:(每小题3分,共9分)1.各组中加点词不全是古今异义的一项是()A、行李.....之往来若舍郑以为东道主B、樊将军以穷困....来归丹今行而无信C、此臣日夜切齿..拊心也道.芷阳间行D、樊将军仰天太息流涕.曰樊於期偏袒..扼腕而进曰2.下面词语中加点字读音和字形全都正确的一项是()A、遒劲.(jìng)河畔.(pàn)彷徨..一愁.莫展B、给.予(gěi)寥廓.(kuò)苍桑..百舸.争流C、笙.(shēng)箫颓圮.(pǐ)淬.火峥嵘..岁月D、巷.道(hàng)漫溯.(shuò)惆怅..图穷匕现.3. 下列文学常识的解说,不正确的一项是()A、“项庄舞剑,意在沛公”“秋毫无犯”“劳苦功高”“图穷匕见”“人为刀俎,我为鱼肉”五个成语都出自《鸿门宴》。
B、《大堰河—我的保姆》《向太阳》《火把》《在浪尖上》等都是艾青的著名作品。
C、徐志摩,现代著名诗人,他被认为是新月诗派的“盟主”。
他的主要诗集有《志摩的诗》《猛虎集》等,代表作有《再别康桥》《雪花的快乐》等。
D、《左传》是我国第一部叙事详细的国别史,相传为鲁国史官左丘明按鲁史《春秋》顺序编写的,因此又称《左氏春秋》。
二.古代诗文阅读(36分)(一)文言文阅读(19分)阅读下面的文言文,完成4-7题。
平安,滁人,小字保儿。
建文元年,伐燕,安以列将从征。
后为先锋。
燕王曰:“平安,竖子耳。
往岁从出塞,识我用兵,今当先破之。
”及战,不能挫安。
燕王失道,从者仅三骑。
安击败燕将。
燕王见事急,亲冒矢石力战。
马创矢竭,剑折不可击。
走登堤,佯举鞭招后骑以疑敌。
会高煦救至,乃得免。
当是时,诸将中安战最力,王几为安槊所及。
明年,燕败盛庸,回军与安战。
安大破之。
再战滹沱河,又破之。
安于阵中缚木为楼,高数丈,战酣,辄登楼望,发强弩射燕军,死者甚众。
【政治】北京大学附属中学河南分校2013-2014学年高一10月月考试题
北京大学附属中学河南分校2013-2014学年高一10月月考试题本试卷分客观题(选择题)和主观题(非选择题)两部分。
考试时间90分钟,满分100分。
选择题答在答题框内,否则不算分,请用黑色碳素笔答题,其余颜色按零分处理。
一、选择题(每小题只有一个最佳选项,本题共20题,每小题3分,共60分)1.下列属于商品的是A.家庭用的自来水B.赠送同学的礼物C.向地震灾区空投的援助物资D.农民生产的供自己食用的粮食2.我们在购买不同商品时都需要使用货币。
这表明货币A.是万能的,有了货币就拥有了一切B.有商品就必然有货币C.可与一切商品相交换,就不再是商品D.本质是一般等价物3.小张采用银行按揭贷款的方式买了售价为30万元的新房,首付现金8万元,然后在15年内付清银行贷款22万元及利息5万元。
其中5万元利息,30万元房价,8万元首付金分别体现了货币的________职能A.贮藏手段.流通手段.价值尺度B.价值尺度.支付手段.流通手段C.支付手段.流通手段.贮藏手段D.支付手段.价值尺度.流通手段4.信用卡已成为国际旅行者最普遍使用的存取款工具,目前各国街头普遍设有ATM机,用信用卡取款远比使用旅行支票方便。
人们在购物和旅游时越来越喜欢使用信用卡,其原因是()①能够方便地购物消费②信用卡是一般等价物,可以作为财富的代表③信用卡是商业银行发给资信良好的客户的一种信用凭证④可以简化收款手续A.①②③④B.①③④C.①④D.③④5.在不考虑其他条件的情况下,同样数量的港币兑换的人民币减少时,可能出现的现象是()①内地游客赴港旅游人数将增加②内地企业将增加在香港的投资③有利于内地商品到香港销售④香港游客赴内地旅游人数将增加A.①②B.①③C.①④D.②④6.我国现行的汇率制度符合我国的国情,应使人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上保持基本稳定。
保持人民币汇率稳定:①就是与世界各国货币的变化持一致的相对稳定②有利于保持物价总水平稳定③有利于人民生活的安定④有利于我国和世界经济、金融的发展A.②③④B.①③④C.①②④D.①②③7.生产同样一只茶杯,甲耗费3小时劳动时间,乙耗费2小时劳动时间,丙耗费4小时劳动时间。
