初一英语语法专项讲解
初一英语形容词和副词语法知识总结(讲解+考点+综合练习)：形容词和副词
第五章形容词和副词一、形容词、副词概述1、形容词定义：形容词(adjective)，简称adj，用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。
2、副词定义：副词(adverb)，简称adv，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，表示时间、频率、范围、语气、程度等。
二、形容词、副词考点纵览三、综合练习( )1. –If you don’t like the red coat, how about the green one?–OK, but do you have _______ size in green? This one is a bit small for me.A. a bigB. a biggerC. the bigD. the bigger( )2. –Mum, I think I’m _______ to get back to school.–Not really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for anoth er day or two.A. so wellB. so goodC. well enoughD. good enough ( )3. –What delicious cakes! –They will taste _______ with butter.A. goodB. betterC. badD. worse( )4. –Mr. Zhou , of all the students in our group, who lives _______ ?–I think Li Lei does.A. farB. fartherC. farthestD. the farther( )5. With a history of more than 1,400 years, ZhaoZhou Bridge is the _______ stone arch bridge in the world .A. oldB. olderC. oldestD. elder( )6. Bob never does him homework _______ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.A. so careful asB. as carefully asC. carefully asD. as careful as ( )7. A: How can I speak English _______ you?B: You’d better speak more, I think.A. as good asB. more thanC. as well asD. as much as( )8. Your English is good. I’ll try my best to speak it as _______you do.A. clearly asB. clear asC. clearer thanD. more clearly ( )9. –Is your mother badly ill?–No, _______ , only a little cold.A. serious anythingB. serious nothingC. nothing seriousD. anything serious( )10. I’m not sure if I’m going to Tim’s party; I may go to the concert _______ .A. onlyB. insteadC. earlyD. late( )11. Although they are brothers, they are the _______ opposite of one another.A. veryB. justC. fewD. little( )12. The new Bright Restaurant is _______ than the old one. Moore and more people like to eat there.A. goodB. betterC. badD. worse( )13. Wang Ping does _______ in physics that I missed the first class.A. badlyB. Most badlyC. worseD. worst( )14. I got up so _______ this morning that I missed the first class.A. earlyB. lateC. quietlyD. neatly( )15. –Do you enjoy traveling by plane?–No. It’s _______ expensive.A. much moreB. more muchC. too muchD. much too( )16. I’m afraid the headmaster is _______ busy to meet the visitors.A. too muchB. much tooC. so muchD. much too( )17. How beautifully she sings! I’ve never heard _______ .A. the better voiceB. a good voiceC. the best voiceD. a better voice( )18. You do well in your lessons. I’m _______ you will pass the exam.A. sureB. afraidC. sadD. sorry( )19. –Who is _______ in your class?–Fred.A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest( )20. –What do you think of the football match?–Wonderful! The Chinese football team has never played _______ .A. betterB. bestC. worseD. worst( )21. The population of China is _____ than _____ of any other country in the world.A. larger , the oneB. more , thatC. larger , thatD. more , the one ( )22. There is much wine here, but _______ people want to drink it.A. manyB. a littleC. fewD. a few( )23. People speak ______ of the film Not One Less. It is really necessary for every child to go to school.A. loudB. loudlyC. highD. highly( )24. She always finishes her homework on time. She ______ leaves it for tomorrow.A. alwaysB. neverC. usuallyD. sometimes( )25. The football match was _______, so the boys were _______ about it.A. excited , excitingB. exciting, excitedC. excited , excitedD. exciting , exciting( )26. Playing table tennis isn’t difficult. You can learn it _______.A. easyB. easilyC. quickD. hardly( )27. We Chinese always put our family name _______.A. lastB. nearlyC. firstD. in the middle ( )28. This kind of T-shirt look _______ and sells _______ in the market.A. nice, goodB. well , wellC. nice , wellD. good , nice( )29. The light in the room wasn’t _______ for me to read.A. brightly enoughB. enough brightlyC. enough brightD. bright enough( )30. –Look, this digital camera is really cheap! It’s only five hundred yuan.–The _______ , the better. I’m short _______ money, you know.A. cheaper , ofB. cheap, forC. expensive , ofD. more expensive , for( )31. Which subject do you like _______ , math, Chinese or English?A. betterB. bestC. wellD. very much( )32. _______ little water is not enough for _______ many people.A. Such , soB. So , soC. Such , suchD. So , such( )33. English is spoken by _______ people.A. a lotB. much manyC. a large number ofD. a great deal of ( )34. –Isn’t that Mary?–Yes, she always has a(an) _______ smile on her face.A. aloneB. kindlyC. ownD. friendly( )35. –Do you prefer music to drawing?–No. I like drawing _______.A. wellB. mostC. betterD. best( )36. Since China has been a member of the WTO, English is ______ useful than before.A. moreB. mostC. muchD. very( )37. Can you speak a little louder? I can _______ hear you.A. hardB. reallyC. hardlyD. clearly( )38. China has a _______ population and long history.A. manyB. largeC. muchD. big( )39. Do you have _______ to say?A. important anythingB. anything importantC. important somethingD. something important( )40. Which is _______ , English or Chinese?A. interestingB. interestingerC. more interestingD. most interesting( )41. –The TV programme is boring. Shall we play chess intead?–All right. That is _______ than watching a boring programme.A. very goodB. much goodC. very betterD. much better( )42. –Mum, could you buy me a dress like this?–Certainly, we can buy _______ one than this, but _______ this.A. a better, better thanB. a worse , as good asC. a cheaper , as good asD. a more important , not as good as ( )43. Let’s enjoy the song Yesterday Once More. It sounds _______.A. wellB. sadlyC. niceD. bad( )44. –Is the physics problem _______ ?–Yes. I can work it out _______.A. easy , easilyB. easy, easyC. easily , easyD. easily , easily ( )45. Hainan is a very large island. It’s the second _______ island in China.A. largeB. largerC. largerD. most large( )46. What a _______ cough! You seem _______ ill.A. terrible, terriblyB. terribly , terribleC. terrible , terribleD. terribly , terribly ( )47. I’m not sure whether Mary can sing _______ Mabel.A. as well asB. as good asC. so good asD. as better as( )48. Chinese is _______ more difficult than English.A. mostB. veryC. manyD. much( )49. The _______ old man told his son to be a good boy.A. diedB. deadC. dyingD. death( )50. Today my sister is feeling _______ to go to the factory.A. enough goodB. good enoughC. well enoughD. enough well参考答案精品文档1—5 B C B C C6—10 B C A C B11—15 A B D B D16—20 B D A D A21—25 C C D B B26—30 B C C D A31—35 B B C D C36—40 A C B B C文档说明(Word文档可以删除编辑)专注于精品文档：中考、高考、数学语文英语试卷、高中复习题目、小学试卷教案合同协议施工组织设计、期中、期末等测试，本文档目的是为了节省读者的工作时间，提高读者的工作效率，读者可以放心下载文档进行编辑使用.文档来源网络改编，审核有可能疏忽，如果有错误或侵权，请联系本店马上删除。
初一英语语法讲解
初一英语语法讲解Newly compiled on November 23, 2020
形容词性物主代词
形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，常放在名词之前，意为“……的”。
我们学过的形容词性物主代词有my, your, his和her。
除此之外，后面单元中我们将要学到的its, our, their也属于这类代词。
如：
My ruler is white.
His name is Dale.
Our English teacher is Ms. Duan.
【温馨提示】
同学们可通过对比人称代词主格来记忆形容词性物主代词。
【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 我是迈克。
我的夹克衫是红色的。
________ am Mike. ________ jacket is red.
2. 她的名字叫安娜。
她有一张中国地图。
________ name is Anna. ________ has a map of China.
3. 他是我的弟弟。
他的电话号码是285-7456。
________ is ________ brother. ________ telephone number is 285-7456. 参考答案：
1. I; My
2. Her; She
3. He; my; His。
初一英语语法及主要知识点归纳总结
初一英语知识点归纳总结分类：英语学习Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from一．短语：1 ．be from = come from 来自于----2．live in 居住在---3．on weekends 在周末4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人5 ．in the world 在世界上in China 在中国6．pen pal 笔友14 years old 14岁favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7．the United States 美国the United Kingdom 英国New York 纽约8．speak English 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎9．go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动二．重点句式：1 Where’s your pen pal from = Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live3 What languages does he speak4 I want a pen pal in China.5 I can speak English and a little French.6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you write to me soon8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.三．本单元的国家,人民、语言对应;1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French2 France------ French------French3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese4 Australia----Australian----- English5 the United States------ American---- English6 the United Kingdom---British----- EnghishU nit 2 Where’s the post office一．Asking ways: 问路1．Where is the nearest …… 最近的……在哪里2．Can you tell me the way to …… 你能告诉我去……的路吗3．How can I get to …… 我怎样到达……呢4．Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood 附近有……吗5．Which is the way to ……哪条是去……的路二．Showing the ways: 指路1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走;2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转;3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它;4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远;5. You’d bette r take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去;You’d better+动词原形三．词组1. across from …… 在……的对面across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. between……and…… 在……和……之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4. in front of…… 在……前面There is a tree in front of the classroom.课室前面有棵树;in the front of…… 在……内的前部There is a desk in the front of the classroom.课室内的前部有张桌子;5. behind…… 在……后面behind my house 在我家后面6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边on my left 在我左边7. go straight 一直走8. down /along…… 沿着……街道down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……11. take /have a walk 散步12. the beginning o f…… ……的开始,前端at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端in the beginning 起初,一开始13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快我昨天玩得很开心; I had fun yesterday.I had a good time yesterday.I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达：get to +地方get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家arrive in +大地方I arrive in Beijing.arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank.reach +地方17．go across 从物体表面横过go across the street 横过马路go through 从空间穿过go through the forest 穿过树林18．on + 街道的名称; Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称Eg: at 6 Center Street三．重难点解析1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书;到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带doing.I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子;2．hope to do sth 希望做某事I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试; hope +从句I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗;从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句;如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope 的后面,形成句中有句;3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子;If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球;If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物;四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- smallUnit 3 Why do you like koala bears一．重点词组eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cuteplay with her friends kind of South Africa other animalsat night in the day every day during the day二. 交际用语1. Why do you like pandas Because they’re very clever.2. Why does he like koalas Because they’re kind of interesting.3. Where are lions from They are from South Africa.4. What other animals do you likeI like dogs, too.WhyBecause they’re friendly and clever.5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.6. She’s very shy.7. He is from Australia.8．He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.10．Let’s see the pandas first.11．They’re kind of interesting.12．What other animals do you like13．Why do you want to see the lions三. 重点难点释义1、kind of 有点,稍微Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞;kind 还有“种类”的意思如：各种各样的all kinds ofWe have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.2、China n. 中国Africa n. 非洲China 和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in连用;There are many kinds of tigers in China.There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.3、friendly adj. 友好的,和蔼可亲的它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly;The people in Chengdu are very friendly.4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起I usually play chess with my father.注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,如果有I, I通常放在and 之后,如：My father and I usually play chess together.Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”I often play with my pet dog.Don’t play with water5、day和night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚;通常说in the day, during the day, at night;Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.6、leaf n. 叶子复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves, knife—knives等;7、hour n. 小时；点钟hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”, 即：an hour;There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.8、be from 来自…be from = come fromPandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.9、meat n. 食用的肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即：much meatHe eats much meat every day.10、grass n. 草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即：much grass; There is much grass on the playground.四. 语法知识特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问;特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构;这是最常见的情况;例如：What’s your grandfather’s telephone number 你爷爷的号码是多少Who is that boy with big eyes 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁Which season do you like best 你最喜欢哪个季节When is he going to play the piano 他什么时候弹钢琴Where does he live 他住在哪儿How are you 你好吗How old are you 你多大了How many brothers and sisters do you have 你有几个兄弟姐妹2. 疑问句+陈述句结构;这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语;例如：Who is on duty today今天谁值日Which man is your teacher哪位男士是你的老师我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构;例如：I like English. What/How about you 我喜欢英语;你呢What about playing basketball 打篮球怎么样Unit 4 I want to be an actor.一．短语：1 want to do sth 想要作某事2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物/ 把某物给某人3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home5 in the day 在白天6 at night 在晚上7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.9 in a hospital 在医院l10 work/ study hard 努力工作11 Evening Newspaper 晚报二．重点句式及注意事项：1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式①What + is / are + sb②What + does/ do + sb + do③What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词+ job2 People give me their money or get their money from me.3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.4 I like talking to people.5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.6 Where does your sister work7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.8 Do you want to work for a magazine Then come and work for us as a reporter.9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.三．本单元中的名词复数;1 policeman--- policemen2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3thief-----thieves首先主谓宾结构I have an apple.其次定状补I really have a big apple.really做have的状语状语修饰动词动词一般就是谓语动词big做apple的定语定语修饰名词名词一般是主语或宾语最后主系表结构它与主谓宾很相似只不过谓语动词时系动词最常见的是be动词及其变形I am a student;主语通常用于句子开端,主要有：i,you,he,she,it,we,they,但it有时用作形式主语,表特指;谓语,通常放在主语之后,一般是动词,表示“某某人在;;;”宾语,通常放在谓语之后,一般是主语的宾格;有时候是人,有时候是物;定语,状语,通常是从句;定语从句：常有关系代词that\which\who\whoes,关系副词when\where\why.通常选择关系词的步骤是：1、确定先行词2.确定关系词.主系表：主,就是主语;系,特指系动词,就是说当句子中没有谓语时,用系动词来代替;表,修饰系动词用;1、名词A、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下：一在后面加s;如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas二x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es;如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三1以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s;如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四以o结尾加s外来词;如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes 西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加ess;如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六单复数相同不变的有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese七一般只有复数,没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员九合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词;如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数;如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers十有的单复数意思不同;如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类, paper纸papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作works作品,工厂, glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水oranges橙子, light光线lights灯, people人peoples民族, time时间times 时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉chickens 小鸡十一单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s;如：Is I’s, Ks K’s;但如是缩略词则只加s;如：IDs, VCDs, SARs十二特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式;构成如下：一单数在后面加’s;如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s二复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理;如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节三由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理;如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间共住一间,Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间各自的房间2、代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数you you your yours yourself复数you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself复数they them their theirs these those themselves3、动词A 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下：一一般在词后加s;如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains二在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es;如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes三1以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es;如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries2以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s;如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys四以o结尾加es;如：does, goes五特殊的有：are-is, have-hasB 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下：一一般在后加ing;如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing二以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing;如：dance-dancing, wake-waking,take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having三以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing;如：put-putting,run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning四以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing;如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying 位于4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式;构成如下：一一般在词后加er或est如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st;如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest二以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est;如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest三以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est;如：happy-happier happiest,sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliestmore friendly most friendly, busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest四特殊情况：两好多坏,一少老远good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worstlittle- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest 5、数词基变序,有规则；一、二、三,自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去; first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth二、初一英语语法——句式1.陈述句肯定陈述句a This is a book. be动词b He looks very young. 连系动词c I want a sweat like this. 实义动词d I can bring some things to school. 情态动词e There’s a computer on my desk. There be结构否定陈述句a These aren’t their books. b They don’t look nice.c Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School.d Kate can’t find her doll.e There isn’t a cat here. =There’s no cat here.2. 祈使句肯定祈使句a Please go and ask the man. b Let’s learn Englishc Come in, please.否定祈使句a Don’t be late. b Don’t hu rry.3. 疑问句1 一般疑问句a Is Jim a student b Can I help you c Does she like saladd Do they watch TVe Is she reading肯定回答: a Yes, he is. b Yes, you can. c Yes, she does. d Yes, they do. e Yes, she is.否定回答: a No, he isn’t. b No, you can’t. c No, she doesn’t. d No, they don’t. e No, she isn’t.2 选择疑问句Is the table big or small 回答It’s big./ It’s small.3 特殊疑问句①问年龄How old is Lucy She is twelve.②问种类What kind of movies do you like I like action movies and comedies.③问身体状况How is your uncle He is well/fine.④问方式How do/can you spell it L-double O-K.How do we contact you My e-mail address is cindyjones163.⑤问原因Why do you want to join the club⑥问时间What’s the time =What time is it It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you us ually get up, Rick At five o’clock.When do you want to go Let’s go at 7:00.⑦问地方Where’s my backpack It’s under the table.⑧问颜色What color are they They are light blue.What’s your favourite color It’s black.⑨问人物Who’s that It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue My brother.Who isn’t at school Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to⑩问东西What’s this/that in English It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11问姓名What’s your aunt’s name Her name is Helen./She’s Helen. What’s your first name My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name My family name’s Smith.12 问哪一个Which do you like I like one in the box.13 问字母What letter is it It’s big D/small f.14 问价格How much are these pants They’re 15 dollars.15 问号码What’s your phone number It’s 576-8349.16 问谓语动作What’s he doing He’s watching TV.17 问职业身份 What do you do What’s your father He’s a doctor.句子结构1.S主+ Vi不及物动词谓Time flies.1 S + V + adverbial状语Birds sing beautifully.2 S + Vi+ prep Phrase介词短语He went on holiday.3 S + Vi+ Infinitive 不定式We stopped to have a rest.4 S + Vi+ Participle 分词I'll go swimming.2. S 主+ Vt 及物动词谓+ O宾We like English.1 S + VT + N/PronI like music.I like her.2 S + VT + infinitive不定式I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等;3 S + VT + Wh-Word + InfinitiveI don't know what to do.常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等;4 S + VT + GerundI enjoy living here.常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等;5 S + VT + That-clauseI don't think that he is right.常用于这句型的动词有：Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel觉得, hear听说, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind当心, notice, propose, request, report, say, see看出,show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder觉得奇怪;3. S 主+ V谓lv 系动词+ P表We are Chinese.除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1表感官的动词,feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等;2 表转变变化的动词,become, get, grow, turn, go,等; 3表延续的动词remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等;4表瞬时的动词come, fall, set, cut, occur等5其他动词eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等;1 S + Lv + N/Pron名词/代词He is a boy.This is mine.2 S + Lv + Adj形容词She is beautiful.3 S + Lv + Adv 副词Class is over.4 S + Lv + Prep PhraseHe is in good health.5 S + Lv + Participle分词He is excited.The film is interesting.4. S 主+ VT 谓+ In O间接宾+ D O直接宾I give you help.1 S + VT + N/Pron + NI sent him a book.I bought May a book.2 S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phraseHe sent a book to me.He bought a coat for me.间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, do带来, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等;间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play演奏,save, sing, spare等;5. S 主+ VT谓+ O宾+ O C宾补I make you clear.1 S + VT + N/Pron + NWe named our baby Tom.常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate命名;2 S + VT + N/Pron + AdjHe painted the wall white.常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等;3 S + VT + N/Pron + Prep PhraseShe always keeps everything in good order.4 S + VT + N/Pron + InfinitiveI wish you to stay.I made him work常用于这句型的动词有：a不定式带to的词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等;b不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等;5 S + VT + N/Pron + Participle 分词I heard my name called.I feel something moving.常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等;6 S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + InfinitiveHe show me how to do it.常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等;7 S + VT + N/Pron + That-clauseHe told me that the film was great.常用于这句型的动词有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等;8 S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-ClauseHe asked me what he should do.常用于这句型的动词有：Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.三、初一英语语法——时态1、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有：Be 动词：She’s a worker. Is she a worker She isn’t a worker.情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano I ca n’t play the piano.行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball I’m not playing baseball. Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter Nancy isn’t writing a letter.They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music They aren’t list ening to the pop music.一．短语：1 ．be from = come from 来自于----2．live in 居住在---3．on weekends 在周末4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人5 ．in the world 在世界上in China 在中国6．pen pal 笔友14 years old 14岁favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7．the United States 美国the United Kingdom 英国New York 纽约8．speak English 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎9．go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动二．重点句式：1 Where’s your pen pal from = Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live3 What languages does he speak4 I want a pen pal in China.5 I can speak English and a little French.6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you write to me soon8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.三．本单元的国家,人民、语言对应;1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French2 France------ French------French3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese4 Australia----Australian----- English5 the United States------ American---- English6 the United Kingdom---British----- EnghishUnit 2 Where’s the post office一．Asking ways: 问路1．Where is the nearest …… 最近的……在哪里2．Can you tell me the way to …… 你能告诉我去……的路吗3．How can I get to …… 我怎样到达……呢4．Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood 附近有……吗5．Which is the way to …… 哪条是去……的路二．Showing the ways: 指路1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走;2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转;3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它;4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远;5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去;You’d better+动词原形三．词组1. across from …… 在……的对面across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. between……and…… 在……和……之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4. in front of…… 在……前面There is a tree in front of the classroom.课室前面有棵树;in the front of…… 在……内的前部There is a desk in the front of the classroom.课室内的前部有张桌子;5. behind…… 在……后面behind my house 在我家后面6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边on my left 在我左边7. go straight 一直走8. down /along…… 沿着……街道down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……11. take /have a walk 散步12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端in the beginning 起初,一开始13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快我昨天玩得很开心; I had fun yesterday.I had a good time yesterday.I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达：get to +地方get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家arrive in +大地方I arrive in Beijing.arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank.reach +地方17．go across 从物体表面横过go across the street 横过马路go through 从空间穿过go through the forest 穿过树林18．on + 街道的名称; Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称Eg: at 6 Center Street三．重难点解析1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书;到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带doing.I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子;2．hope to do sth 希望做某事I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试; hope +从句I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗;从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句;如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope 的后面,形成句中有句;3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子;If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球; If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物;四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- smallUnit 3 Why do you like koala bears一．重点词组eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cuteplay with her friends kind of South Africa other animalsat night in the day every day during the day二. 交际用语1. Why do you like pan das Because they’re very clever.2. Why does he like koalas Because they’re kind of interesting.3. Where are lions from They are from South Africa.4. What other animals do you likeI like dogs, too.WhyBecause they’re friendly and clever.5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.6. She’s very shy.7. He is from Australia.8．He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves. 9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.10．Let’s see the pandas first.11．They’re kin d of interesting.12．What other animals do you like13．Why do you want to see the lions三. 重点难点释义1、kind of 有点,稍微Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞;kind 还有“种类”的意思如：各种各样的all kinds ofWe have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.2、China n. 中国Africa n. 非洲China 和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in连用;There are many kinds of tigers in China.There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.3、friendly adj. 友好的,和蔼可亲的它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly;The people in Chengdu are very friendly.4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起I usually play chess with my father.注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,如果有I, I通常放在and 之后,如：My father and I usually play chess together.Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”I often play with my pet dog.Don’t play with water5、day和night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚;通常说in the day, during the day, at night;Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.6、leaf n. 叶子复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves, knife—knives等;7、hour n. 小时；点钟hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”, 即：an hour;There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.8、be from 来自…be from = come fromPandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.9、meat n. 食用的肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即：much meatHe eats much meat every day.10、grass n. 草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即：much grass; There is much grass on the playground.四. 语法知识特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问;特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构;这是最常见的情况;例如：What’s your grandfather’s telephone number 你爷爷的号码是多少Who is that boy with big eyes 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁Which season do you like best 你最喜欢哪个季节When is he going to play the piano 他什么时候弹钢琴Where does he live 他住在哪儿How are you 你好吗How old are you 你多大了How many brothers and sisters do you have 你有几个兄弟姐妹2. 疑问句+陈述句结构;这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语;例如：Who is on duty today今天谁值日Which man is your teacher哪位男士是你的老师我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构;例如：I like English. What/How about you 我喜欢英语;你呢What about playing basketball 打篮球怎么样Unit 4 I want to be an actor.一．短语：1 want to do sth 想要作某事2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物/ 把某物给某人3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home5 in the day 在白天6 at night 在晚上7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.9 in a hospital 在医院l10 work/ study hard 努力工作11 Evening Newspaper 晚报二．重点句式及注意事项：1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式①What + is / are + sb②What + does/ do + sb + do③What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词+ job2 People give me their money or get their money from me.3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.4 I like talking to people.5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.6 Where does your sister work7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.8 Do you want to work for a magazine Then come and work for us as a reporter.9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.三．本单元中的名词复数;。
初中语法祈使句专项讲解知识讲解
初中语法祈使句专项讲解英语祈使句详解1.祈使句的概念表示请求、命令、建议、祝愿、邀请或要求的句子叫祈使句。
用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。
如：Shut the door! 把门关上!Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧!Let them go by train. 叫他们坐火车去吧。
祈使句的主语通常为第二人称(you)，但一般都被省略，只有在特殊的情况下才把主语(you) 补充出来。
如：You be quiet! 你安静! You go and tell him, Chris. 克立斯，你去告诉他。
You wait here for a moment. 你在这儿等一会儿。
有时祈使句的主语也可以是everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody 等不定代词。
如：Stand up, everybody! 全体起立!Nobody move. 任何人都不许动。
2.祈使句表示强调为了加强祈使句的语气，我们通常是在祈使句的动词原形前加上助动词do，此时通常译为“一定”务“必”等。
如：Do be careful. 务必要小心。
Do let me go. 一定让我去。
副词never 和always 有时可用于祈使句句首，表示强调。
如：Never do that again. 再不要这样做了。
Always look in the mirror before starting to drive. 一定要先看看反光镜再开车。
3.祈使句的否定式构成祈使句否定式的方法很简单，那就是在动词原形前加don't——不管祈使句所用的动词为什么性质动词，情况都是一样。
如：Open the window. 把窗户打开。
→Don' t open the window. 别把窗户打开。
Come next Monday. 下周星期一来。
对于以let us 或let' s开头的祈使句，其否定式通常是在不定式之前放一个not。
七年级英语语法专项(一)译林版
初一英语语法专项（一）译林【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容：语法专项（一）【具体教学内容】一般过去时（一）一般过去时的用法：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，也可表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作和行为。
I did my homework last night.She walked to school every day last year.（二）一般过去时的谓语构成1. be动词的过去式构成2. 行为动词的过去式构成He was late for school yesterday morning.I went to the park with my parents last weekend.（三）常与一般过去时连用的时间状语yesterday, the day before yesterday, last weekend (year, week, month, night…), in 2007, three days (years, weeks, months…) ago, just now, long long ago, one day.（四）动词过去式的构成1. 规则动词过去式的构成1）一般动词在词尾直接加-edplay—played clean—cleaned walk—walked look→looked2）以e结尾的动词直接加-dlike—liked live→lived practice—practiced dance→danced3）以辅音字母加y结尾的，先变y为i，再加-edstudy—studied carry→carried worry—worried4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-edstop—stopped drop—dropped shop—shopped trip—tripped2. 不规则动词do—did go—went read—read see—saw sit—sat write—wroteget—got hear—heard know—knew bring—brought buy—boughte—came begin—began give—gave（五）句式变化1. 肯定句：主语+be动词∕实义动词∕情态动词的过去式+其它成份We were at home last night.They studied for the math test.I could answer the question.2. 否定句：1）主语+be动词∕情态动词过去式+not+其它成分He wasn’t happy last Friday.They couldn’t open the door.2）主语+didn’t +实义动词原形+其它成分The girl didn’t play puter games yesterday afternoon.3. 一般疑问句及其回答1）把be的过去式∕情态动词的过去式提到主语之前，肯定回答：Yes, 主+be动词/情态动词过去式。
初一英语语法知识点（词法、句式、时态）
初一英语语法知识点（词法、句式、时态）初一英语语法掌握不熟练，往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。
因此在学习初一英语语法时，要认真、细心。
下面从（词法、句式、时态）三个方面，总结了初一英语语法，如果要复习英语的同学，可以参考一下。
一、初一英语语法——词法1、名词A)、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：一)在后面加s。
如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。
如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。
如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。
如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o 的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。
如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六)单复数相同(不变的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese七)一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。
英语语法反义疑问句专项讲解(终审稿)
英语语法反义疑问句专项讲解TPMK standardization office【 TPMK5AB- TPMK08- TPMK2C- TPMK18】反义疑问句一、反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句。
反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
1.陈述部分为肯定式 + 疑问部分为否定式（如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式）e.g. She was ill yesterday, wasn’t sheTom dislikes the book, doesn’t he2.陈述部分为否定式 + 疑问部分为肯定式(陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定或半否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定式。
)e.g. He can’t ride a bike, can heSome plants never blown (开花), do they二、附加疑问句（一）主语的选择1．陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.I’m as tall as your sister, aren't I?注：当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，附加疑问句中的主语用you。
如：I find English very interesting, don’t youI don’t like that film, do you2．当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they，亦可用he，如：Somebody phoned while I was out, didn’t theyEveryone enjoyed the party, didn’t theyNobody wants to go there, does he3．当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something 时，附加疑问句中的主语一般用it，如：Everything seems all right now, doesn’t itNothing is kept in good order, is itSomething must be done to stop pollution, isn’t it4．当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they，如：This is important, isn’t itThat isn’t correct, is itThese are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they5．如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合下可以用you或he，如：One can’t be too careful, can one或can youOne should do his duty, shouldn’t he6．当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there。
初中英语语法大全全套讲解及练习
初中英语语法大全一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.)：表人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。
如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。
如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。
如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如：now, very, here, often,quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面名词或代词与其他句子成分关系。
如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主、谓、宾、定、状、表、宾补。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m MissGreen.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如：Jack cleans the room everyday. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
(完整版)初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习及答案
宾语从句讲解及专项练习注意！宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。
一、基本讲解1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。
eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。
e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。
a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时，只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。
(完整版)初中英语语法讲解大全.docx
初中英语语法讲解在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考查频率也较高。
一般考查以下几点：一、可数名词与不可数名词在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，（ 1）分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择。
（2）可数名词复数的不规则变化。
（ 3）不可数名词的量化表达。
所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。
其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。
可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加 -s 或-es ，如：1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianoshat---hats bag---bags photo---photos2bus---buses watch---watches3tomato---tomatoes hero---heroes4 leaf---leaves 5baby---babiesbox---boxesbrush---brushespotato---potatoesNegro---Negroesknife---knives family---families另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如：Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen Russian---Russians American---AmericansGerman --- Germanschild---children foot---feetman---men woman---womentooth---teeth goose --- geesedeer---deer sheep---sheep还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有： a piece of 、a bag of 、a bottle of 、a cup of 、a glass of另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如 class, police, family, school, group, team等。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
初一英语语法专项讲解 This manuscript was revised by the office on December 10, 2020. 一、一般现在时：1、现在的状态。2、经常或习惯性动作。3、主语所具备的性格和能力。4、真理。 1、标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期天）, every day/month/year（每一天/月/年） 2、结构： （1）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n.） 练习：(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom. 2. Where _____(be) my shoes They___(be) here. ____(be) the girl with long straight hair I think she ___(be) Kate. (be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue Yes, there_____(be). （2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他 （用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问） （3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句） 行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式 s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches teach-teaches 4.特殊have-has do-does go-goes 二、现在进行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。 1、标志: now（现在）listen（看）look（听） 2、形式：助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式（也叫现在分词），表示现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。 练习：1). Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now. 2). Jim_________(not take) in the park now. 3). _______________Jim____________(take) photos in the park now Yes, he _____. No, he _______. 4). Where _________Jim ____________ photos now In the park. 3、现在进行时的肯定句形式 主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他 I'm watching TV. 4、现在进行时的否定句形式 主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他 They are not playing soccer. 5、现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答: Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他 Yes,主语+is/am/are. No,主语+isn't/aren't/am not. Are you reading Yes,I am. No,I am not. 6、 现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式: 特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他 例:What is your brother doing 7、 动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成. 1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing. 如: eat--eating, do-doing,clean-cleaning,play-playing, 2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing. 如:take--taking, write-writing, have-having, come-coming. dance—dancing 3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing. 如:run-running,sit-sitting ,swim-swimming,shopping, put-putting, sit-sitting 三、情态动词：1、任何主语+can/may/must+动词原形 2、主语+ can’t/may not/ mustn’t+动词原形 3、Can/May/Must + 主语+ 动词原形 4、疑问词+can/may/must+主语+动词原形 四、谓语动词（是固定搭配） 1. like+ to do不定式/doing动名词 to do sth. 3. love to do 4. would like to do sth. 5. enjoy doing sth. 6. thanks for doing 7. stop doing sth 8. let sb. do sth. She wants _____(have) a party. Does he like _______(swim) Thanks for _______(enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops ____(talk). 五、祈使句： Go straight and turn left/ right. Go through Fifth Avenue. Take a taxi（Take a bus，Take a walk……） 六、人称代词： 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他/她/它们 主格： I you he she it we you they 宾格： me you him her it us you them 形容词性物主代词： 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 my your his her its our your their 练习：(我) am a worker. _________(你) are a doctor. ______(她) is a teacher. is (他的 )shirt. 3. This is __________(我的)pen. (他们的) trousers are there. 5. I like this picture. Please give ________(它) to ________(我). 6. People get ________(他们的) money from _________(我). (他们) are new students. _____(他们的) names are Lucy and Lily. 8. These are _____(我们的) shoes. Can ____(我们) wear ______(它们). 9．Thank _______ for _______(你的) help. 10. _______(他) loves _______（她）, and _______(她) loves _______（他）,too. ______(我) love _________（你）, and ________(你) love _______（我），too.
典型例题 1.填空题 Green _____(be) a worker. Now he ____(work) in the field. ! Who_______(sing) time ____ your brother usually _____(do) his homework can_______(come) here by bus. 5. Who ____(have) a ruler they_____(clean) the room you____(eat) dinner – Yes, we are. ____(have) a soccer ball, but he ____(not have) a basketball. _______(like)______(run) _____(be) from Canada. They______(not speak) Chinese. 11. He wants _________________(be) tall.
2.汉译英 1.我们正在吃晚餐。 We __________________________. 2、我们每天6点起床。 We __________________ at six every day. 3．你们在聊天吗是的。 _______ they _______ Yes, they _____. 4、他们常常聊天吗不是。 ______ they often ______ No, they ________. 5、他在做什么他在做作业。 What ____he ___ He_______. 6、他晚上常干什么他常做作业。 What ___he usually ___ in the evening He usually______. 阅读理解 A篇 Thousands of years ago. There was a very clever king with the name of Soloman. There are many stories about him. Here is one of them which shows how clever he was. Once there were two women. They lived in the same house, and each had a baby. One night, one of the babies died, and its mother took the other woman's child, and put it in her own bed instead. The next morning they had a quarrel. "No, this is my child, the dead one is yours, " said the other. Each one wanted the living baby, but no one could tell whom it belonged to. So they went to see King Solomon. When King Solomon heard their story, he said, "Bring me a knife, cut the child in two, and give each woman one half. " "That's very fair, oh, bright King!" said the dead baby's mother. "Give her my child, let it be hers, but don't kill the child. Oh, King!" cried the other woman in tears. Then King Solomon pointed to the woman in tears and said, "Give the child to her, for she is its mother. " 根据短文内容, 判断正（T）误（F） 1. The two women in the same house each had a child. ( ) 2. One night the two babies died. ( )