初一英语语法专项讲解

初一英语语法专项讲解 This manuscript was revised by the office on December 10, 2020.

一、一般现在时：1、现在的状态。2、经常或习惯性动作。3、主语所具备的性格和能力。4、真理。

1、标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总

是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期天）, every day/month/year（每一天/月/年）

2、结构：

（1）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n.）

练习：(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom.

2. Where _____(be) my shoes They___(be) here.

____(be) the girl with long straight hair I think she ___(be) Kate.

(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue Yes, there_____(be). （2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他（用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）

（3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）

行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式 s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches teach-teaches 4.特殊have-has do-does go-goes

二、现在进行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。

1、标志: now（现在）listen（看）look（听）

2、形式：助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式（也叫现在分词），表示现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。

练习：1). Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now.

2). Jim_________(not take) in the park now.

3). _______________Jim____________(take) photos in the park now Yes, he

_____. No, he _______.

4). Where _________Jim ____________ photos now In the park.

3、现在进行时的肯定句形式

主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他

I'm watching TV.

4、现在进行时的否定句形式

主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他

They are not playing soccer.

5、现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答:

Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他

Yes,主语+is/am/are. No,主语+isn't/aren't/am not.

Are you reading Yes,I am. No,I am not.

6、现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:

特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他

例:What is your brother doing

7、动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成.

1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing.

如: eat--eating, do-doing,clean-cleaning,play-playing,

2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing.

如:take--taking, write-writing, have-having, come-coming. dance—dancing

3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.如:run-running,sit-sitting ,swim-swimming,shopping, put-putting, sit-sitting 三、情态动词：1、任何主语+can/may/must+动词原形 2、主语+ can’t/may not/ mustn’t+动词原形

3、Can/May/Must + 主语+ 动词原形

4、疑问词+can/may/must+主语+

动词原形

四、谓语动词（是固定搭配）

1. like+ to do不定式/doing动名词 to do sth. 3. love to do 4. would like to do sth.

5. enjoy doing sth.

6. thanks for doing

7. stop doing sth

8. let sb. do sth.

She wants _____(have) a party. Does he like _______(swim)

Thanks for _______(enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops ____(talk).

五、祈使句：

Go straight and turn left/ right.

Go through Fifth Avenue.

Take a taxi（Take a bus，Take a walk……）

六、人称代词：我你他她它我们你们

他/她/它们

主格： I you he she it we you they

宾格： me you him her it us you them

形容词性物主代词：我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的

他/她/它们的

my your his her its our your their

练习：(我) am a worker. _________(你) are a doctor. ______(她) is a teacher. is (他的 )shirt.

3. This is __________(我的)pen.

(他们的) trousers are there.

5. I like this picture. Please give ________(它) to ________(我).

6. People get ________(他们的) money from _________(我).

(他们) are new students. _____(他们的) names are Lucy and Lily.

8. These are _____(我们的) shoes. Can ____(我们) wear ______(它们).

9．Thank _______ for _______(你的) help.

10. _______(他) loves _______（她）, and _______(她) loves _______（他）,too.

______(我) love _________（你）, and ________(你) love _______（我），too.

典型例题