8种常见的单句和3种从句
句子类型有哪几种

句子类型有哪几种文章一:句子类型初探在英语语言中,句子是最基本的语法单位,可分为以下几种类型。
1. 简单句简单句是由一个主语和一个谓语构成的完整句子。
例如:“Iam a student.” 这个句子的主语是I,谓语是am。
2. 复合句复合句由两个或更多的简单句组成,它们通过连接词(如and、but、or)或其他连接方法组合而成。
例如:“I love swimming and my sister loves dancing.” 这是一个由两个并列简单句构成的复合句。
3. 复杂句复杂句包含一个主句和一个或更多从句,从句通常以连词引导。
从句可以是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或定语从句。
例如:“I know that you are a good student.” 这个句子包含一个主句和一个宾语从句。
以上是几个最基本的句子类型,每个类型都有自己的语法特点和用法,学生应该在学习英语语法时逐渐掌握这些知识点。
知识点一:主语和谓语在英语语法中,主语和谓语是构成句子的基本要素,主语通常是名词或代词,谓语则表示主语的动作或状态。
在学习简单句时,必须掌握主语和谓语的概念和用法。
知识点二:连接词连接词在复合句中起到关键的作用,它们用于连接不同的简单句子,使它们成为一个完整的复合句子。
连接词有许多不同的用途,例如表示并列、递进、对比、选择等。
掌握连接词的用法对于写出清晰明了的复合句非常重要。
知识点三:从句从句是复杂句构成的基本要素之一,从句可以被用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
在学习从句时,必须掌握各种从句类型的概念和用法,以及适合于不同从句类型的引导词。
例如,“that”可以引导宾语从句,而“who”可以引导定语从句。
总之,学生应该逐渐掌握各种句子类型的语法结构和用法,以便于写出准确、流畅的英语句子。
文章二:深入研究英语句子类型在英语语言中,句子类型可以进一步分为以下类别。
1. 声调句声调句通常以在语句末尾升调或降调结束,以传达语气的信息。
(浙江专用)2020版高考总复习:第2部分 第7讲 名词性从句

第七讲名词性从句主语从句1.that引导主语从句时,没有具体意思,不充当句子成分,只是起标志性的作用,但that不能省略。
what引导时,在从句中充当成分,且有意义。
◆ It is true that the college will take in more new students.这所大学将招收更多的新生是真的。
2.whether连接主语从句时,表示怀疑,不能省略,意为“是否”,在句首时不能用if替换。
◆ (重庆卷)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced witha modern hotel or not.旧汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的宾馆取代仍然在商讨中。
3.连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略,并在从句中充当句子成分。
◆ It was never clear why the man h adn’t reported the accident sooner.这个人为什么没有尽快报告这个事故,还不清楚。
4.主语从句要用陈述语序,即主谓语序。
(1)用it作形式主语的常用句型有:①It+系动词+形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)+that从句②It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that从句③It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句④It+特殊动词(seems,appears,happens,matters)+that从句◆ It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。
◆ It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.据报道,该事故源于(司机的)粗心(驾驶)。
八年级英语语法大全(句子成分、基本句型、宾语从句、现在进行时、时态)

八年级英语语法大全(句子成分、基本句型、宾语从句、现在进行时、时态)一、句子成分1.主语:句子所陈述的对象。
2.谓语:主语发出的动作。
一般是有动作意义的动词。
3. 宾语:分为动词宾语和介词宾语,属于动作的承受者。
4. 系动词:表示状态或状态变化的动词,没有实际的动作意义。
如 be, 感官系动词(look, sound, smell, taste 和 feel)、保持类系动词(keep, stay 和remain)、状态变化类系动词(become、get、turn 和 go)等。
5. 表语:紧跟系动词后面的成分。
6. 定语:修饰名词或代词的成分。
7. 状语:修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。
8. 补语:分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。
是对宾语和主语的补充说明,与其有主动或被动的逻辑关系。
例如:You should keep the room clean and tidy.你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。
(You是主语, should keep是谓语,the room是宾语,clean and tidy是宾语补足语。
)This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。
(This kind of food是主语, tastes是系动词, delicious是表语。
)注意:主语、谓语、宾语、系动词、表语、补语是一个句子的主干成分;定语和状语是一个句子的修饰性成分,不是主干成分。
二、句子类型1. 简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。
2. 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
3. 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。
三.、简单句的五种基本句型1.“主语 + 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)例:They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析:“they”(主语)“arrived”(谓语)。
定语从句的翻译

3、不翻译关系代词或关系副词 、
有些定语从句表面上是非限制性定语从句,但在意义上却 已经和主句融为了一体。在翻译时,应该将引导定语从句 的关系词省略,从而使句子的意思显得更为连贯。 After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night. 晚饭后,四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈,一直谈到深夜。 His wife, Betty, is Shanghai-born Chinese who left China at the age of eight, and whose book “Moon”, tells of her sister’s life in China. 他妻子贝蒂是一位出生在上海的华人,八岁离开中国,写 过一本名叫《月》的书,记叙了她妹妹在中国的生活。
常用的定语从句的翻译方法
一、合译法
合译法通常用于句式较短的情况,主要以 限制性定语从句为主。在英译汉时,一般 将其译成“的”字结构,有时也将定语部 分译成谓语、兼语句的一部分或带有“这” 字句的简单句。
1.译成定语“的”字结构
这是最为常见的一种英译汉的方式,翻译成中文 时,将定语部分放在被修饰名词的前面 He is not the one who will give up easily. 他不是一个轻易服输的人。 Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 我们两国是友谊长存的有好邻邦。 The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him 在他手下工作的人对他怕的要死。
英语语法之句子成分及句子结构

【语法体系】1.词法冠词、名词、代词、副词、动词、介词和介词短语、连词、数词。
2.句法句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等。
句子种类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句句子结构:简单句并列句a)名词性从句:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句复合句:b)定语从句c)状语从句特殊句式:倒装句、强调句、省略句、there be句式主谓一致直接引语和间接引语虚拟语气【句子成分】1.主语:主语是一个句子的主体,一般位于句首。
名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句等均可作主语。
e.g. Instead,a picture should try to show the “life” of itssubject.e.g. To find a best friend is difficult.2.谓语:用来描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态,一般位于主语之后,由动词或动词短语充当,且谓语有人称、数、时态和语态等的变化。
e.g. I run into the classroom.e.g. He had an apple for breakfast.3.宾语:宾语是动作的承受者,一般位于及物动词之后。
名词(短语)、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、名词化的分次、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句等均可充当宾语成分。
e.g. People love to get together.e.g. I like chatting online.宾语的种类:(1)双宾语:间接宾语+直接宾语e.g. Hand me your book, please.(2)复合宾语:宾语+宾语补足语e.g. They elected him their monitor. 4.表语:表语用来说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。
一般位于系动词之后,与之构成系表结构。
名词(短语)、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、分词、从句等均可作表语。
11各种从句

各种从句考试重点:•名词性从句的用法•定语从句的用法•状语从句的用法句子类型:•简单句如果一个句子只包含一个主谓结构,而句子各个成分都只用单词或短语表示。
For example:*I live in the country.(S +V + Adv.) 我住在乡下。
*The teachers and students cheered the news.( S + V + O)师生们为此消息欢呼起来。
*He put a finger in his mouth,tasted it and smiled.他把一根手指放进嘴里,尝了尝,笑了。
简单句主要由五种基本句型构成,千千万万的句子变化可以看作是这五种基本句型的扩展、省略、组合和倒装。
●句型一主 + 谓 (S +V)*He runs in the park.他在公园里跑步。
*He got up early in order to catch the first bus.他起床很旱以便赶上头班公共汽车。
*He arrived after the class began.开始上课了,他才到。
●句型二:主 + 系动词 + 表(S+Link V + P)* The students are on the playground.学生们在操场上。
* He is very disappointed.他非常失望。
* The idea sounds great.她今天感觉不舒服。
* His face goes red.他的脸变红了。
* It grew dark.天变黑了。
●基本句型三:主 + 谓 + 宾语(S+V+O)*You've already missed too many classes this term.你缺课太多了*They had fulfilled their yearly plan by the end of November.在11月底前他们就已经完成了全年计划。
定语从句与同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别(汇编)
定语从句与同位语从句、强调句的区别一、定语从句1. 定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which;关系副词有:when, where, why。
2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句(1)限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,用于修饰和限定先行词。
如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。
书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。
例:This is the boy who broke the window.(2)非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语,对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。
如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。
书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。
例:I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3. 非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”:(1)非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
(2)非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which 代替。
例:I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.(3)由“介词+关系代词”引导时,关系代词不能用as。
(4)指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom,不能省略。
4. 在定语从句中,下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:(1)先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。
例:This is the best film that I have ever read.(2)先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。
定语从句的翻译
翻译此类定语从句应该用溶合法,即将主句和从 句溶合在一起翻译。例如: It is a good machine that can work without power. 再好的机器也要有动力才能开动。
It is a long lane that has no turning. 再长的巷子也会有转弯的。
1、译成“这”字句
有时,关系代词并不仅仅只是指代先行词,它还指代 前面整个句子的内容。这时,我们一般将其译成“这” 或“这一点” He admired Mrs. Brown, which surprises me most. 他钦佩布朗太太,这使我大为惊讶。 She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心,她丈夫却很少这样。
常用的定语从句的翻译方法
一、合译法
合译法通常用于句式较短的情况,主要以 限制性定语从句为主。 在英译汉时,一般将其译成“的”字结构, 有时也将定语部分译成谓语、兼语句的一 部分或带有“这”字句的简单句。
1.译成定语“的”字结构
最为常见,将定语部分放在被修饰名词的前面 He is not the one who will give up easily. 他不是一个轻易服输的人。
3. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了蛋糕。 4. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕。 5. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house that Jack built. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕。屋子 是杰克盖的。
简单句并列句及状语从句
简单句并列句及状语从句简单句、并列句、复合句之状语从句英语中句⼦的分类I、按句⼦的⽤途可分四种:1)陈述句(肯定、否定)2)疑问句(⼀般、特殊、选择、反意):Do they like reading? How old is he?Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she?提醒:在以let’s开头的祈使句之后,反意疑问部分⽤shall we。
以let us开头的祈使句,反意疑问句部分⽤will you。
3)祈使句4)感叹句:How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序。
e.g. How clever a boy he is!How+形容词或副词+陈述语序。
e.g. How lovely the baby is!What +名词/名词短语+陈述语序。
e.g.What noise they are making!What cold weather it is!What +a+形容词+名词+陈述语序。
e.g.What a clever boy he is!II. 按句⼦的结构可分为三种:⼀、简单句:只有⼀个主语(或并列主语)和⼀个谓语(或并列谓语)。
e.g. He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.五种基本句型列式如下:1、主语+系动词+表语:e.g. He is a student.2、主语+不及物动词:e.g. We work.3、主语+及物动词+宾语:e.g. Henry bought a dictionary.4、主语+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语):e.g. My father bought me a car.5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补:e.g. Tom made the baby laugh.⼆、并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在⼀起构成。
高中英语-名词性从句的分类与识别
Homework
1. Review all the knowledge we have learned in the class; 2. Please read a scientific article on page 9 of the students’ book, then underline all the noun clauses you can find. (书上第九页划 出所有的名词性从句!)
e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. (从句说明“消息”
的内容:我们队取得了决赛胜利。)
The news that you told us is really encouraging.
(从句对“消息”加以限定:是你告诉我们的,而非 来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。)
(表语从句)
6. The news that he _c__o__u__ld__n__’_t__c__o__m___e_ m__a__k__e__s
us upset.
(同位语从句)
7. Our purpose _i_s_ that he c__a_n___r__e_a__l_i_z__e_ his
faults.
The boy is Li Ming. 主语 表语
Miss. Liang , a 24-year-old girl, teaches us English .
主语
同位语
宾语
名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
1. The boy is Li Ming. (名词作主语) 2. What he said is correct.
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8种常见的单句和3种常见的从句。
8种常见的单句:
1. 主谓宾:汽车和飞机的尾气导致空气污染(air pollution)
The emissions from vehicles and planes can cause air pollution.
主语谓语宾语
2. 主谓宾+宾补:现代科技让富人积累财富(accumulate wealth)更加容易
Modern technologyhas allowedrich peopleto accumulate wealth more easily.
主语谓语宾语宾语补足语
3. 主谓+间宾+直宾:电脑科技可以给人们相互交流的机会。
Computer technology gives people opportunities to communicate with each other.
主语谓语间宾直宾后置定语修饰opportunities
4. 被动结构:那些重犯(serious offenders)需要被送到监狱(sent to prison)服
刑。
Those serious offenders should be sent to prison.
主语谓语补语(补充说明offenders)
5. 主+不及物: 学费(tuition fee)一直在上涨
The tuition fee has been rising.
主语谓语
6. 主系表 :长时间工作(work long hours)已经成为一种惯例在公司里。
Working long hours has become a norm in companies.
主语系语表语状语
7. there be句型 :有很多应聘者(job applicants)竞争有限的职位。
There are many job applicants competing for limited positions.
谓语主语后置定语
8. 以it做形式主语的句子:创造幸福、繁荣的社会(prosperous society)将会
是很难的。
It would be difficult to create a happy, prosperous society.
形式主语 谓语表语真正的主语
3种常见的从句:状语从句,定语从句,名词性从句
1. 状语从句:
If引导的条件状语从句
• If a student wants to learn about job-specific information, they do not need
to sit in a classroom to get it.
While(尽管,虽然)引导的让步状语从句
• While traditional buildings might look nice from outside, they are often not
very user-friendly. (有时候能用although代替)
• While the economic development has made our life more comfortable, it has
also polarized the society in the distribution of wealth.
2. 定语从句:who引导,修饰“人”
those who…
• Those who feel that sports stars‘ salaries are justified might argue that the
number of professionals with real talent are very few.
children who…
• Children who enter school at an early age are generally more confident and
independent than children who stay at home with their parents.
定语从句:that引导,修饰“物”
• The workload that could take months to finish by manual labor could be done
flawlessly by robots in minutes.
• Advertisement is an effective marketing tool (that) almost every company
uses. (that 在定语从句中作宾语可省略)
• How to handle criminals is a problem (that) all countries and societies face.
(that 在定语从句中作宾语可省略)
3. 名词性从句:名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同
位语从句。
宾语从句:
• Many people believe that we have developed into a ‘throw-away’ society.
(that引导宾语从句)
• While there are both benefits and drawbacks to a multicultural society, it is
safe to say that the pros outweigh the cons. (while 引导状语从句,that引导
宾语从句)
• Traditionally, the approach has been to punish criminals by placing them in
prisons to pay for what they have done. (what 引导宾语从句,作为介词for
的宾语)
主语从句:
Whether引导的主语从句
• Whether mobile phones bring more harm than good to us has caused heated
debate.
It引导的主语从句
• It is obvious that we are living in an information age.
What引导的主语从句
• What government should do is to create policies to encourage low carbon
development.
• What the poor countries need most is not money, but advanced technologies
and talents in some key areas.
同位语从句:that前面那个名词的解释或者具体内容。
• The fact that we have different languages demonstrates that we have
different cultures.
• Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about the
phenomenon that our kids are spending more time watching TV.
表语从句:
• This is because it is the rich and powerful people in our society who are able
to impose changes.
• Another reason for this is that old buildings, like native language, form a
cultural identity and keep a unique record of a country.