上海市青浦区2018届高三二模英语试题扫描版
2018届上海市普陀区高三英语二模试卷和参考答案（2018.4）
2018届上海市普陀区⾼三英语⼆模试卷和参考答案（2018.4）上海市普陀区2018届⾼三⼆模英语试题考⽣注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（⾮选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上⼀律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反⾯清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answer on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Cold B. Sunny C. Rainy D. Cloudy2. A. 110 minutes B. 120 minutes C. 130 minutes D. 140 minutes3. A. Shop assistant and customer B. Boss and assistantC. Professor and studentD. Husband and wife4. A. In a meeting room B. In a reference roomC. At a booking officeD. At a police station5. A. A movie B. A lecture C. A play D. A speech6. A. The woman shouldn’t be so upset B. He’s an hour later for the interview.C. The woman should be patientD. He’s too nervous to calm down7. A. The man is intelligent enough B. The man does not work hard enoughC. The man should get some sleepD. The man is hard-working.8. A. He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B. He wants to spend more time with his familyC. He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the jobD. He thinks the pay is too low to support his family9. A. The woman doesn’t have money for her son’s graduate studiesB The woman doesn’t think her son will get a business degreeC. The woman insists that her son should major in science.D. The woman advises her son to think twice before making his decision10. A. It ran into another car B. It fell into a river and sankC. It broke down on the roadD. It left the road and landed in a fieldSection B 15%Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions o n each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording.11. A. Noise B. Smoking C. Litter D. Drinking12. A. A tour guide B. A conductor C. A teacher D. A lawyer13. A. To prepare people for international travelB. To make the laws of different kindsC. To inform people of the punishment for breaking lawsD. To give advice to travelers to the countryQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording14. A Conference with the course tutor B. Active attendance and commitmentC. Punctuality and politenessD. Debate and essay preparation15. A. Inform the teacher in advance B. Just do not choose the courseC. Drop out of the courseD. Make it up later16. A. One that is written by hand B. One that is originalC. One that is revise by the tutorD. One that keeps to the instructionsQuestions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His knees and fingers ache B. He doesn’t feel like eatingC. He can’t sleep very wellD. His blood pressure is high18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment with raysB. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment with raysC. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment with raysD. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment with rays19. A. Every day for seven weeks B. Three times a week for seven weeksC. Three times a weeks for three weeksD. Twenty times for two weeks20. A. Use hot water pads B. Sit by the stoveC. Drink cold waterD. Take cold baths.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Jim ThompsonJim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no one knows how it ended.Thompson was born in Delaware(21)_____ the east coast of the United States in 1906. After finishing high school, Thompson went to Princeton University and later studied architecture at the University of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson worked as an architect in New York City until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered(22)______ (serve)in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intelligence for the army in Thailand. It was this first taste of life in the Far East(23)______ changed Thompson’s life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there, becoming(24)______ (involve)in an ambitious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel.While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another scheme that would eventually make him a millionaire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across(25)____ he considered exquisite(精美的)samples of handwoven Thai silk, a product that(26)_____(become)rare. He persuaded the weavers to work with him and marketed the silk in New York, (27)______ it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry was revived(复兴)and the business made Thompson and some of the weavers very wealthy.With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his original interest inarchitecture on the side. He found six traditional Thai houses and had(28)_____ brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beautiful house inside and out, (29)______ it is also filled with the works of art Thompson collected.In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he went for a walk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, noclues(30)____(find)as to what happened to this wealthy American businessman who is credited with single-handedly reviving the Thai silk industry.Section B10%Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedMentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month, the Indian Medical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delhi because of high levels of air pollution. Schools were shut and emergency traffic restrictions put in place.New Delhi is far from alone. Our research into the___31___ of air pollution in China shows that, in addition to the more obvious physical price, air pollution can also have serious negative effects on mental health and cognition (认知),___ 32___ reducing a person’s happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and human capital development, suggesting that development___33____ should go beyond the traditional focus of boosting GDP in the developing world.India's recent pollution emergency is the most___34___ incidence(发⽣率)of dangerous air pollution, but smoggy skies have been a cause of growing___35____ in most developing countries.Major cities across the developing world---from Thailand to Brazil, to Nigeria---___36____ experience pollution at several times the WHO safe limits. In fact, 98% of cities with more than 100.000___37___ in low and middle-income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.India’s extreme levels of air pollution are well recognized, and examining the effects provides clear warnings for othercountries seeking fast growth through rapid industrialization.We used nationally ___38___ longitudinal (纵向)surveys on mental health and cognition, matched with daily air quality data for the time and place of interviews, to see what pollution does in a given time to individual happiness and cognitive performance. Because each person in our survey was __39___multiple times, we can control for the effect of individual characteristics on the outcome variables.We found that worsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day__40___to about 10 percent of the reduced happiness one would experience form a negative major life event such as divorce.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A15%Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Globalization: Good or Bad?Globalization is defined in many ways .One simple __41__is that it is the rapid increase in inte rnational free trade, investment, and technological exchange. It is argued that this international trade has been one of the main causes of world economic __42___over the past half century. Although there is little doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years, some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries, and that others have suffered as a result.Improved income?An argument__43___globalization is that the benefits of increased international trade are shared among everyone in the country. An example of this is China, where per capita income(⼈均收⼊)rose from about $1400 in 1980 to over $4000 by 2000.___44____per capita income rose by over 100% in India between 1980 and 1996. It would appear that countries which open their doors to world trade tend to become___45____ .However, these sorts of___46__might not be giving a true picture. They are “average”, and despite the fact that there has been a substantial increase I n income for a small minority of people, the vast majority have only seena___47___improvement.More imports, more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to be gained from an increase in international trade: exports___48___imports. Take coffee as an example. Countries which produce and export coffee import the packaging for it: a(n) ___49__ trade which enables commerce to develop in two countries at the same time.___50___ maintain that, in general, it is poorer countries that produce and export food such as coffee, and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packaging materials. Furthermore, it is the richer countries that control the price of good and, ____51___, farmers may be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goods at a high price.___52___developmentFinally, globalization often___53___ a country to concentrate on industries which are already successful. These countries develop expertise(专门技能)and increase their share in the international market. On the other hand, those countrieswhich___54___ to support all their industries usually do not develop expertise in any one. Consequently, these countries do not find a world market for their goods and do not increase their gross domestic product(GDP).Anti-globalists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the ___55___ of industry. Countries which only concentrate on one or two main industries are forced to import other goods. These imported good are frequently overpriced, and these countries, therefore, have a tendency to accumulate huge debts.41. A. indication B. principle C. definition D. factor42. A. systems B. solution C. crisis D. growth43. A. in favor of B. on account of C. with regard to D. in honour of44. A. Fortunately B. Similarly C. Undoubtedly D. Unusually45. A. freer B. greater C. stronger D. wealthier46. A. figures B. descriptions C. countries D. benefits47. A. severe B. slight C. further D. general48. A. overtake B. qualify C. fight D. require49. A. two-way B. all-inclusive C. official D. legal50. A. Supporters B. Advocates C. Critics D. Authorities51. A. otherwise B. nevertheless C. therefore D. besides52. A. Global B. Industrial C. National D. Economical53. A. encourages B. restricts C. forbids D. forces54. A. stop B. continue C. fail D. refuse55. A. globalization B. transformation C. specialization D. identificationSection B22%Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe Harlem RenaissanceThe word “renaissance” means “rebirth”. The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s. It was a time when the African American artistic community grew and flourished, producing a ton of work in a short period of time. The work celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities---both the good parts and the bad parts. After the Civil War, many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and laws that discriminated against them. Between 1910 and 1920, massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North and West in the Great Migration. The African American population of Chicago more than doubled during that time! And in New York, African Americans flocked to uptown Manhattan, setting in a neighborhood called Harem. Forming a community within the big city let African Americans keep their cultural identity in a white-dominated society. It was a good thing, and a lot of important cultural issues were brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance. One of the most important figures of the time was the African American writer, W. E.B Du Bois. In his book, The Souls of Back Folk, in 1903, Du Bois wrote that African Americans suffered from something called “double consciousness”. They had their own self-image while they saw themselves through the eyes of white Americans. And performers like Josephine Baker and Paul Robeson brought African American culture to all New Yorkers. The Renaissance was so influential that “Harlem” grew into something of a brand name African Americans were pushing boundaries across all aspects of society. Black businesses began to flourish, creating a growing middle class, like Madame C.J. Walker, who tuned her cosmetics line into a million dollar empire. All together, the artists, and thinkers of this period helped mobilize the larger black population. Young African-Americans took advantage of improved access to higher education. This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees. Perhaps most importantly, people---black and white---began the push for racial integration, planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.56. Why did many African Americans leave the South after the Civil War?A. To escape slaveryB. To find jobs in agricultureC. To avoid racial discriminationD. To gain citizenship57. How did W.E.B. Du Bois contribute to the Harlem Renaissance?A. He led to movement to return to AfricaB. He composed folk music based on African American themeC. He wrote plays about the African-American experienceD. He wrote about the struggle for African-American identity58. What can you infer about the economic status of African Americans prior to the Harlem Renaissance?A. Nearly all were unemployed at that timeB. The vast majority were considered lower classC. Most were regarded as middle classD. A large percentage were recognized as wealthy59. What actor allowed many more Africa Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law?A. Spread of black businessesB. Access to higher educationC. Shift from agriculture to industryD. Push for unity among all Africans60. A traveler will enjoy a performance if he chooses ________.A. the Essential TourB. the Backstage TourC. Opera High TeaD. any of the tours61. Joining the Backstage Tour, a traveler _____.A. is allowed to wear sneakers when standing on the stageB. will have an opportunity to be the conductor of the orchestraC. can take his big family of 8 members to free breakfastD. can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour62. If a couple who travelled with their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of $150 there ,what would the lowest cost be if paid in cash?A. $203.25B. $214.5C. $225D. $239.25CA sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth’s his tory. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date, some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims were exaggerated.By contrast, there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星)which hit Mexico’s Yucatan peni nsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs’ extinction. Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier. Now they do.American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater (⽕⼭⼝)near the northwest coast of Australia. The samples were initially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil. Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in th e rock’s structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns. In fact, a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor’s crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evidently, the blow was fatal for many forms of life.Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth’s history. Still, we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately, meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between.63. The word “plausible” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to“______”.A. availableB. incredibleC. reasonableD. ridiculous64. Why didn’t the meteor affect human bei ngs?A. Because they were very resistantB. Because there weren’t any thenC. Because they lived in isolated areasD. Because they hid themselves in the caves65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great DyingB. 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC. V olcanic rocks and meteors have different patternsD. When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up.66. What is the best title for the passageA. The Dinosaurs’ EndB. Crater on QomolangmaC. Contradictory ClaimsD. A Meteor’s ImpactSection C8%Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook. I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. ____67______ Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.___68_____If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. _____69_____ Blessed is the person willing to at on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.____70_____The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”IV. Summary Writing 10%Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Better Memory Causes BoredomA new study shows that the better your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. “Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things at very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.” The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do with memories of past consumption.The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored.“We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly. So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.”The findings suggest that marketers could cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it---it might help them have more fun.V. Translation 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.⽐起节⾷，我宁愿多做运动来减肥。
2018届高三英语上学期第二次月考试题(3)
2017--2018高三上学期第二次月考英语试卷时间 100分钟分数 120分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AVictoria Volkssport Phoenix Festival 2017The Volkssport Clubs of South Vancouver Island will host the fifth Victoria Volkssport Phoenix Festival on Oct. 20-22,2017.You're welcome!Click here to register now!●Location（位置）: The festival will take place at the Victoria Greek Community Centre at 4648 Elk Lake Drive which is near Beaver Lake,the Howard Johnson Hotel and many bus routes.●Walks: The festival site will open at 10 am on Friday morning,October 20.We'll again offer walks from 5 km to 42 km.There'll be walks ranging from 5 km to12 km available all weekend in four areas known as Broadmead Trails,Lake Trails,Ocean View Trails and Saanich Trails.In addition,on Saturday,walks of 21 km,32 km and 42 km will be available at Ocean View Trails.On Sunday,a 21 km walk will be available at Saanich Trails.●Swim: New this year.We'll offer a swim event on Saturday and Sunday mornings at Saanich Commonwealth Place which is right next door to the Greek Community Centre.●Transportation: If you're driving,there are several ferries to the island and there is enough parking at the centre.If not driving,many ferries and airlines can bring you to the island and several bus routes bring riders within a few steps of the centre.●Food: Good food has been a key part of past Phoenix Festivals and this tradition will continue in 2017. During the festival,the Greek Community Centre will operate a snack bar with Greek and Italian foods as well as a cash bar.Early morning registration will have the famous Phoenix Festival home-baked food.Friday evening's Meet and Greet will feature（使有特色）a variety of light snacks.Finally,Saturday's feast will be a real one,but the dinner isnow SOLD OUT.21.Where can the text be seen?A.In a magazine.B.In the newspaper.C.On the Internet.D.In a poster.22.What event can you choose on October 22nd?A.A 21 km walk at Lake Trails.B.A 21 km walk at Saanich Trails.C.A 32 km walk at Ocean View Trails.D.A 42 km walk at Broadmead Trails.23.What can we learn about Phoenix Festival from the text?A.No swimming was offered in the past.B.It is held every other year.C.All walks are intended for adult participants.D.The foods provided are mainly Greek ones.BSometimes,the love of science runs through the generations of a family.This is especially the case for Aaron Yeiser,who won the award at the 2017 Regeneron Science Talent Search.His grandparents and father work in computer science,technology,and chemical engineering."I was encouraged to go after a STEM career because of Papa,"Aaron said.His grandfather Frank Sandy was a Science Talent Search finalist in the 1954 competition."Aaron's been doing very well in science and math,so I won't say I was surprised,"Frank saidof Aaron becoming a Regeneron STS finalist."I was delighted by not only that,but his getting early-action admission to MIT, which happened just a couple of days after my wife died.She would have just been so thrilled.""I've been very impressed by the things he's built,"Frank said of Aaron's interest in drones （无人驾驶飞机）and other STEM activities.Aaron has always been interested in math.Differential equations（微分方程) came along when he applied to the MIT Primes USA program,a mathematical research program for high school students."I've been interested in science all my life,"Frank said."Even in elementary school I played with electrical wire and had my bedroom all wired up with batteries and light switches attached to my bed.It was a lot of fun."Frank worked at Raytheon,creating computer models of various devices（设备）.He became more interested in the programming rather than the physics of how the devices worked.Aaron encourages others who are interested in STEM to look for any chance to participate in research."And don't skip English class,because good communication is just as important as your actual research,"he said.24.What is known about Aaron Yeiser?A.His family members are all scientists.B.His grandparents and parents all inspired him.C.The three generations of his family all love science.D.His grandparents and parents are all STS finalists.25.What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Aaron's becoming a Regeneron STS finalist.B.Aaron's interest in science and math.C.Aaron's winning admission to MIT.D.Aaron's love of STEM activities.26.Why did Frank mention what he did in elementary school?A.To prove his creativity.B.To show his interest in science.C.To show his difference from others.D.To stress his excellence in learning.27.What is the best title for the text?A.Love Science,Just like AaronB.Aaron,a Talent in Scientific ResearchC.Aaron,an Example to Young GenerationsD.Pass a Love of Science Through GenerationsC“BANG!” the door caused a reverberation (回声). It was just standing there, with father standing on one side, and me on the other side.We were both in great anger. “Never set foot in this house again!”father stormed. With tears welling up in my eyes, I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.The street lights were shining, causing rather sad feelings. I wandered aimlessly.A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me. I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space: happy and carefree.But now … I don’t know whether it is because I have grown up or because dad is getting old. We differ in our ways of thinking. We are just like two people coming from two different worlds. It feels like there is an iron door between us that can never be opened.I wandered the streets, without a destination in mind. My heart was frozen on this hot summer night. As I walked on, there were fewer and fewer people on the streets, until I had only the street lights to keep me company. When I finally reached the high-rise apartment block in which I lived, I saw that the light was still on.I thought to myself: “Is father waiting for me, or is he still angry with me”In fact, it was nothing. Perhaps, dad was throwing away some of his old stamps. Perhaps he thought they were useless. I never had the courage to tell him that I liked collecting stamps. All the lights were off except father’s.Dad was always like this. Maybe he didn’t know how to express himself. After shouting at me, he never showed any mercy or any moments of regret.This was how he always was. He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature.The light was still on. “Am I wrong” I whispered, maybe… With the key in my hand, I was as nervous as I had ever been. At last, I decided to open the door. As soon as I opened the door, tears ran down my cheeks. I suddenly realized that the iron door that I had imagined between us did not exist at all. Love----it’s second to none.28. Which of the following can replace the underlined part in Paragraph 2?A. shouted in relief.B. Burst into anger.C. Burst our crying.D. Jumped in sadness.29. What does the iron door between “us” actually refer to?A. Their misunderstandings.B. Their different characters.C. Their ways of thinking.D. The father’s rudeness.30. In the author’s eyes which of the following can be used to describe his father?A. Inconsiderate.B. Indifferent.C. Stubborn.D. Uninterested.31. What actually contributed to the opening of the iron door in the end?A. The son’s giving in to his father.B. The regret undertaken by the son.C. The affection between the father and the son.D. The light that was on until late in the night.DAlmost all children want to become a good student.But what makes a good student?Usually,a good student shows many characteristics.For example,a good student possesses knowledge that is not just about books but also about present affairs and others.This allows him/her to draw from whatever he/she possesses and use it in his/her studies.A good student can plan and organize not only his/her things but his/her thoughts as well.Moreover,he/she's also someone who is sincere and does his/her work well and smartly.Most importantly,a good student has strong academic resilience（韧性）.Namely,he/she's willing to stick to academic tasks even when problems arise.Let's say that 10-year-old Roger and Tory have nearly the same math skills. Roger,however,has higher academic resilience.So,when their teacher introduces a challenging new type of math problem,Roger is more likely than Tory to fight to master the new math skill due to his character.Being academically resilient is an important key in academic ing the previous example,Roger's success in the math skill isn't based on some natural "intelligence" or "talent"with math,but occurs because he has greater fortitude to learn the skill.So,when it comes to being a good student,one of the things you must do is develop your academic resilience.To achieve this,you should learn to ask for help.Actually,an important part of learning includes getting answers wrong. This offers a chance to clarify understanding.So,if something doesn't make sense to you,connect with your teacher, find a study partner in class or borrow notes from someone doing well in the class.Besides,developing a plan for academic and personal success is important as well.32.What plays the most significant role in making a good student?A.Possessing rich knowledge.B.Knowing how to organize thoughts.C.Doing work well and smartly.D.Owning strong academic resilience.33.How does the text explain academic resilience?A.By telling a story.B.By giving an example.C.By listing some facts.D.By analyzing causes.34.What does the underlined word "fortitude" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A.Will.B.Access.C.Instruction.D.Decision.35.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.A good student doesn't take notes in class.B.A good student doesn't need to ask for help.C.A good student should learn to develop a study schedule.D.Getting answers wrong is a must in making a good student.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2018届上海市奉贤区高三二模英语试题(word版)
1. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At an airportB. In a hotelC. At a police station.D. At a restaurant2. A. At4:20B. At4:40C. At4:50.D. At4:303. A. Its priceB. Its locationC. Its comfortD. Its facilities4. A Employer and employB. Husband and wifeC. Teacher and studentD. Patient and doctor5. A. To cancel his trip.B. To go to bed earlyC. To catch the later flightD. To ask for a morning call.6. A. Cathy already knows about the exhibit.B. Cathy has to act in a play.C. He did show her one of the signs.D. There will be an exhibit in the theatre.7. A. The critic has a very funny comment on the musicalB The woman agrees with the mans opinion of the musical.C. The woman has a very positive comment on the musical.D. The man and the woman differ in their opinion of the musical.8. A. David never likes to play tennis.B. David's unable to play tennis with them.C. David isn't a very good tennis player.D. David is in town for a game of tennis.9. A. Satisfied.B. Impatient.C. Exhausted.D. Amused.10. A. He wants to get a new job.B. He is asking the woman for help.C. He has left the woman a good impression.D He enjoys letter writing.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She wanted to have a garden similar to their neighbour's.B. Her husband would like to have a beautiful backyard.C. She was going to make the rented house her own home.D. The community required them to keep the backyard lovely.12. A. By getting involved in doing voluntary work.B. By picking up mails for their neighbours.C. By keeping an eye on their neighbours' children.D. By planting trees along the street with others.13. A. Her husband volunteered to work in the neighbourhood.B. They took on new responsibilities for their neighbours.C. She was planning to plant a new garden in the backyard.D. She enjoyed the relationship they built with the community.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To find out what covers the Earth.B. To list all living things on Earth.C. To work out the number of birds.D. To save the existing plants.15. A. It is run by school students.B. It focuses on different types of grass.C. It provides different levels of information.D. It allows non-scientists to review its data.16. A. We may know just a small part of all the living creatures of Earth.B. We have learnt most of the living creatures on Earth.C. Only scientists can help to make the Encyclopedia of Life.D. It won't be long before scientists collect all the data they need.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It is a club for people from different countries to socialize.B. It is a club for British people to socialize in Washington.C. It is a club for people from different countries to discuss business.D. It is a club which arranges for people from different countries to do sports together.18. A. Monday.B. Tuesday.C. Wednesday.D. Thursday.19. A. She can study and practise German free of charge.B. She can have a meal in a restaurant with anyone from different countries.C. She can communicate with all the sixty members at the moment.D. She doesn't need to pay for her first month in the club.20. A No activity is organized by International Friends Club on Wednesday.B. The woman came to America three months ago.C. International Friends Club organizes sports events for its members.D. If one wants to join in International Friends Club, he should fill in a form.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Time to End LonelinessUS author Henry Rollins once wrote: "Loneliness adds beauty to life. It puts a special burn on sunsets and makes night air smell better. Indeed, in the eyes of artists, loneliness never seems to go out of style. There are paintings that portray loneliness, songs that (21)_______ (inspire) by loneliness, and many works of literature that center around this theme.In the eyes of UK economist Rachel Reeves, however, loneliness is far from romantic. Instead, it's a "giant evil" that's become a serious problem in the country.On Jan 17, UK Prime Minister Theresa May appointed politician Tracey Crouch as the country’s very first "Minister for Loneliness". Her job is (22)______ (deal) with the loneliness that the country's been feeling—a problem which, according to UK government research, is affecting more than 9 million people in the country, and (23)______be more harmful to one's physical and mental health than smoking 15 cigarettes a day.Back in 2014, the UK was given the title of the "loneliness capital of Europe" by The Telegraph. A survey carried out by the newspaper found that British people were (24)______ (likely) to get to know their neighbours or build strong relationships with people than those from other European countries.But this doesn't mean it is the problem (25)_____ (affect) Britons only. In fact, were all suffering from loneliness now more than ever, in spite of most of the world now being linked to the internet, (26)______ has enabled us to be more connected than ever.(27)________ we need, according to Kim Leadbetter, sister of the late UK politician Jo Cox, is to have "proper human connections"."Our lives nowadays are so busy. We spend the vast majority of our time on our phones, on our laptops.(28)_______ _______ _______ busy we are, we need to press pause on that and actually sit down and speak to human beings," Leadbetter said at an event last year.But the first steps toward (29)_______ (fight) this problem are to accept its existence and not be ashamed or frightened by it. After all, (30)______ loneliness, many beautiful paintings, songs, and literary works wouldn't even exist. Whether it is "evil" or not, being lonely is simply part of the experience of being humman.Section BDirection: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. analyzingB. maintainC. designedD. coveredE. capableF. figuresG. recentlyH. weighingI. undoubtedlyJ. releaseK. postsRobots Writing NewspapersWhether it's robots working as hotel receptionists or artificial intelligence creating poetry, it's becoming more and more common to read about technology doing the jobs of humans. And now, it seems that software is even 31 of writing news stories—such as the very one you're reading.BBC News 32 reported that the Press Association(PA), a UK news service, has created a computer program that's competent to create articles that are almost impossible to tell apart from those written by human journalists. Called "robo-journalism" by BBC News, such software "teaches" itself by 33 thousands of news stories written by humans. The PA's software is already so advanced that many UK newspapers and websites publish articles created by it.According to the Reuters Institute of Journalism, many publishers are using robo-journalism to 34 interesting information quickly, from election results to official 35 on social issues. For example, US news organization The Washington Post has its own robo-journalism software, Heliograf.According to tech website Digiday, Heliograf "wrote" over 850 articles in 2017, as well as hundreds of social media 36 .So what does this mean for regular journalists? "We're naturally cautious about any technology that could replace human beings." Fredrick Kunkle, a Washington Post reporter, told Wired. "But this technology seems to have taken over only some of the work that nobody else wants to do."Indeed, it appears that robo-journalism software is 37 to help humans, rather than take away their jobs."In the future, Heliograf could do things like searching the web to see what people are talking about, checking The Washington Post to see if that story is being 38 , and, if not, alerting editors or just writing the piece itself, Wired reporter Joe Keoha wrote.However, Joshua Benton at Harvard university's Nieman Journalism Lab believes that while robo-journalism is 39 going to become more present in newsrooms, nothing can replace traditional human creativity."Good journalism is not just a matter of inputs and outputs, it is a craft that has developed over decades," hetold BBC news."The really difficult part of what professional journalists do—carefully 40 information and presenting balanced, contextualized(全景式的) stones—will be very hard for machines to master."III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard 41 : keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity? Do some kinds of personalities 42 longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by 43 the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing more 44 and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people, long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a(n) 45 life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: Those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough 46 to make it through tough times.Interestingly, 47 , other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, 48 , were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being 49 to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your 50 as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should 51 to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mothers personality may also help 52 your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28, 000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids 53 diets, Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn't destin(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health. Therefore, it might be 54 to form those personality traits contributing to longevity through health-related behaviours, stress reduction and 55 to the challenging problems.41. A. statements B. definitions C. applications D. explanations42. A. result from B. lead to C. rely on D. consist of43. A. assessing B. interviewing C. examining D. diagnosing44. A. active B. extensive C. persuasive D. sensitive45. A. agreeable B. normal C. changeable D. formal46. A. resources B. associations C. procedures D. interactions47. A. therefore B. however C. furthermore D. otherwise48. A. in other words B. as usual C. in addition D. for instance49. A. resistant B. open C. blind D. alert50. A. perspective B. ambition C. personality D. philosophy51. A. reject B. strive C. claim D. oppose52. A. extend B. restrict C. shorten D. determine53. A. unhealthy B. nutritious C. adequate D. moderate54. A. predictable B. advisable C. sustainable D. enjoyable55. A. temptation B. introduction C. adaptation D. objectionSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr. Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr. Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever- frugal (一惯节省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking all city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate meal including his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: "Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of youraccomplishments!" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read: "Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though you did not get the increase."Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michaels plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael______.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanC. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to a disaster.B. Michael had worked very hard and done his part for the company.C. Michael's boss agreed to his request.D. One of Michael's colleagues had told his wife the good news.59. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Michael's wife, Cassie?A. Passionate, thoughtful and talented.B. Considerate, generous and reliable.C. Decisive, optimistic and energetic.D. Caring, tolerant and supportive.BEight Days from just E399Departs May—October 2018Includes:●Return flights from 8 UK airports to Naples●Return airport to hotel transport●Seven nights' accommodation at the 3☆Hotel Nice●The services of guides●Government taxesJoin us for a wonderful holiday in one of Europe's most wonderful comers. Long a favourite with holidaymakers —indeed the ancient Romans called the area "happy land" —this simply attractive coastline of colourful towns, splendid views and the warm Mediterranean Sea is a perfect choice for a truly memorable holiday!Choose between the peaceful traditional village of Sant' Agata, set on a hillside six miles from Sorrento, or the more lively and well—known international resort town of Sorrento, with wonderful views over the Bay of Naples.Breathtaking scenery and famous sights everywhere. From the legendary Island of Capri to the haunting ruins of Pompeii and from the unforgettable "Amalfi Drive" to the delightful resorts of Positano, Sorrento and Ravello, the area is a feast for the eyes! Should you choose to join us, we know that you will not be disappointed!With a choice of hotels and optional excursions including Capri, Pompei and the "Amalfi Drive", this is a truly unmissable holiday.Price based on two tourists sharing a twin / double room at the Hotel Nice.Like to know more? Then telephone Newmarket Air Holidays Ltd on: 0845-226-7766(All calls charged at local rates).60. All the following are included in the price of ￡399 EXCEPT_______.A. transport between the airport and the hotelB. telephone calls made by touristsC. the services of guides to touristsD. double rooms for every two tourists61. What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?A. To invite people to take a breath in the Bay of Naples.B. To advise people to telephone Newmarket Air Holidays Ltd.C. To persuade people to tour in the area of the Mediterranean Sea.D. To attract people to go to Sant' Agata or Sorrento for sightseeing.62. The underlined part "the area is a feast for the eyes" in the passage mean_______.A. the area is pleasing to the eyeB. the area is really unforgettableC. the area catches the tourists' eyeD. the area is crowded with touristsC"Monday morning feeling "could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.he risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2, 600 Germans revealed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 per cent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 am on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr. Stefan Willich of the Free University. "We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol (胆固醇)but we don't know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can 't make specific recommendations about how to prevent them," he said.Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work. "When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal(荷尔蒙的) changes in their bodies.” Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot(血凝块) in the arteries(动脉) which will cause a heart attack. "When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity," said willich. "We need to know how these events cause changes in the body before we can understand if they cause heart attacks."But although it is tempting to believe that returning to work increases the risk of a heart attack, both Willich and the Italian researchers admit that it is only a partial answer. Both studies showed that the over 65s are also vulnerable on Monday morning even though most no longer work. The reason for this is not clear, but the Italianteam speculated that the social interactions-the thought of facing another week and all its pressures—may play a part.What is clear, however, is that the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from the northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of the differences in diet and lifestyle.63. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. 20% of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks.B. 33% of the Germans have heart diseases, so heart attacks are more common in Germany than in any othercountry.C. The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any other day of the week tonon-workers.D. non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays.64. The over 65s are more likely to suffer from heart attacks on Monday mornings possibly because ______.A. they are afraid of returning to workB. they are reluctant to face the pressures of another weekC. most of them are not in good healthD. they are much busier on Mondays than on any other days of the week65. In the following research, Dr. Willich will probably try to find out______.A. if smoking and cholesterol will cause heart attackB. if increase in blood pressure, heart rate and hormonal changes will cause heart attacksC. on which day people are least likely to have a heart attackD. if events like higher workload, more stress and so on will cause heart attacks.66. What is the best title for the passage?A. Causes of Heart Attacks on Mondays.B. Warning: Mondays Are Bad for Your Heart.C. The Overweight and Smokers Risk Heart Attacks on Mondays.D. Reduce Your Chance of Having Heart Attacks on Mondays.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. For OpenClassrooms, the company will certainly make profits as a technology provider.B. And it can explain why more and more people tend to apply for online courses.C it's the exact same degree that you would get at IESA, except that you won't see any teachers.D. That’s why every week, you will get to video chat with a teacher.E. For Open Classrooms, the company will surely enjoy a reputation for its technology.F. Open Classrooms lets you work and study at the same time, and pay a lot less.You won't have any excuse to skip class anymore. French startup Open Classrooms is offering the first state-recognized bachelor degree in France that uses only MOOCs(massive open online courses). The startup partnered with IESA Multimedia to create this program.There are three learning paths in engineering, design and marketing Students will have to complete all the courses and required projects in order to get their degree. 67 IESA is already working on 40 different MOOCS for this program.On average, it will take a year of hard work in order to complete all the classes. As always, it's hard to keep going when you sign up for a MOOC. 68This kind of degree has many key advantages. For IESA, it gives the school more students. IESA is a private school, and its end goal is to make as much money as possible. So with these new Mooc students, IESA will be able to get more money per teacher on average.69 The startup already offers a course for e20 per month, but you need to pay E300 per month for the Premium Plus offering to use the state-recognized program. it's unclear how much Open Classrooms will keep, but it should be more than €20 per month.For students, it's a cheaper way to get a degree. Maybe you can't afford to study for three years at IESA and pay €6,950 per year.70 Sure, it's probably a less enjoyable experience than going to your school and spending time with other students and teachers, but it makes sense for some students.It's an interesting new direction for Open Classrooms, and I can't wait to see whether other schools will start working with the startup to provide online courses. It will be interesting to see whether the first students are satisfied with this kind of degree as well.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The sharing economy has grown in recent years to include everything from apartment sharing to car sharing to community tool sharing.Since 2009, a new form of the sharing economy has been emerging in neighbourhoods throughout the US and around the world - Little Free Libraries. The libraries are boxes put in neighbourhoods from which local peoplecan take out and put in books. Little Free Libraries come in all shapes and sizes. Some libraries also have themes, focusing on books for children, adults or tour guides.In 2009, Tod Bol built the first Little Free Library in the Mississippi River town of Hudson, Wisconsin, to honour his mother, who loved reading. When he saw the people of his community gathering around it, exchanging conversation as well as books, he knew he wanted to take his simple idea further.Since then, his idea has become a movement, spreading from state to state and country to country. According to LittleFreelibrary. org. there are now 18,000 of the little boxes around the world, found in each of the 50 US states and 70 countries in Europe, Africa and Asia.The Internet has helped to spread Little Free Libraries. But an Atlantic article said that they are something different in a world of e-reader downloads. The little wooden boxes are refreshingly physical and human. when you open the door of the box, chance and your neighbours' tastes determine what you'll find. You might find a graphic novel, a cookbook or a tour guidebook.For many people, this sense of discovery is Little Free Libraries main appeal. "A girl walking home from school might pick up a graphic novel that gets her excited about reading, a man on his way to the bus stop might find a book of poetry that changes his view on life, said The Atlantic article. "Every book is a potential source of inspiration."V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.与家人外出度假日益受到人们的推崇。
2018年上海金山区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷
2018年上海金山区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空1、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第21~30题10分Directions:Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.I was eighteen, summer fading, when my parents drove me to my university apartment. It was my first apartment.1(walk) my parents solemnly back to their car, I noticed that my mother had tears in her eye. I2(struggle) to hold back my own. Such a strong woman was she3it was rare to see such a show of emotion. At that time, I was rather surprised. Being the youngest of five children, I thought that my parents were accustomed to4(let) go. But maybe it's something that never gets any easier.567many practice swings you get. As my parents drove off, I realized that they would return to an emptyhome,8all of their children leaving to purse dreams and lives of their own. Their nest, full of love and joy for so long, was now empty. Relishing （憧憬） my new-found freedom. I concentrated on my college life. My parents did their best to give me space to learn and grow, even if I neglected to call or visit. It was a time of "first," and a taste of first "lasts".I have recently been playing Travel Frog, a mobile game that has meemotionally9(influence) . In the game you gather resources, send your frog on his adventure and your pay off is, *drum roll please*... postcards. That's right, postcards, I thought it was a silly, overly-simplistic game at first, but then it started to bring memories from long ago.While the game lacks the narrative detail or the interactivity of other games, you have alesson10(learn) from you itinerant （四处奔波的） "Frog Son". You do not control when he sets off on his adventure,11can you be sure that your hard work will land you a coveted （梦寐以求的） postcard. This game, however, has emotionally affected many players. They12(remind) of their parents who restlessly await their return home, their familiar voices, their love. Parents sacrifice a large part of themselves for their children. It is a sacrifice that can only be paid back with love.二、选词填空2、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第31~40题10分Can Indoor Plants Really Purify the Air?Plants are very important to human life. Through photosynthesis （光合作用），they transform carbon dioxide into fresh oxygen. They are said to1toxins from the air we breathe—but is this true?One famous NASA experiment, published in 1989，found that indoor plants can clean the air by removing cancer-causing pollutants like formaldehyde （甲酸） and benzene （苯） . Later research has found that soil micro-organisms （微生物） in potted plants also play a part in cleaning indoor air.Based on this research, some scientists say house plants are2air purifiers, and the bigger and leafier the plant, the better. "The amount of leaf surface areacan3the rate of air purification, " says Bill Wolverton, a former NASA research scientist who conducted that 1989 plant study.Other experts, however, say the4that plants can effectively accomplish this feat （功绩） is far from conclusive （毫无疑问的） ."There are no definitive studies to show that having indoor plantscan5increase the air quality in your home, " says Luz Claudio, a professor of environmental medicine and public health at the Icahn School of Medicine Sinai. There's no question that plants are capable of removing volatile （易挥发的） chemical toxins from the air "under laboratory conditions", according to Claudio. But in the real world—in your home or in your office space—the notion that putting a few plants together can6your air doesn't have much hard science to back it up.Most research efforts to date, including the NASA study, placed indoor plants in small, scaled environments in order to7how much air-purifying power they have. But those studies aren't really8to what happen in a house, says Stanley Kays, a professor of horticulture （园艺学） at the University of Georgia.In many cases, the air in your home9turns over—that is, exchanges places with outdoor air—once every hour. "In most instances, air exchange with the outside has a far greater effect on indoor air quality than plants, " Kays says.Many people may be disappointed by what Kays said, but the professor also made it clear that he believes house plants are10—they are not only pleasant living companions, but also provide a number of health benefits. Studies have shown plants can knock out stress by claiming the sympathetic nervous system （交感神经系统） , and can also make people feel happier. More research shows spending time around nature has a positive effect on person's mood and energy levels.A. evidenceB. significantlyC. completelyD. effectiveE. removeF. applicableG. beneficialH. environmentI. assessJ. influenceK. purify三、完形填空3、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第41~55题15分What the Scientists are saying…The first primate（灵长目动物）clonesFor the first time, scientists have used the technique that produced Dolly the sheep to clone monkeys. The Chinese researchers who produced the two macaques say that having access to genetically identical primates will be a huge1to medical research. It will give scientists a clearer understanding of genetic2by enabling them to compare animals who are identical except for one tweaked gene; when3drugs, it will make it possible to rule out the possibility that variations in outcomes are down to genetic4. But other experts have raised a host of5. The somatic call nuclear transfer （SCNT）（体细胞核移植）technique involves6 a cell nucleus to a donated nucleus-free egg that is then prompted to develop into an embryo（胚胎）. Although 23 species have been cloned in this way, primates have only been cloned before using a less complex embryo-splitting technique. Similar to the process that creates twins, it can only lead to avery7number of genetically identical individuals. SCNT canin8lead to a far larger number of clones, but in the Chinese experiment, the fail rate was very high. The team implanted scores of embryos, but only two monkeys survived beyond afew days.9to that is the concern that by cloning a primate species, the team has broken down a significant10on the way to cloning humans.Herbat remedy（草药疗法）dangerHerbal remedies such as St. John's wort and finsent may be11when used alongside conventional drugs, reports The Guardian. In a review of medical literature, researcher at Stellenbosch University in South Africa found several12of alternative treatments appearing to13with prescription drugs, resulting in potentially dangerous side effects. In one case, the autopsy （解剖）of a 55-year-old who died while swimming concluded that the ginkgo biloba supplements he had been taking mayhave14his anti-seizure（防治发作）medicine. Other cases documented patients on statins（他汀类药物）appearing to suffer complication linked to flaxseed, St. John's wort and green tea. "If you are taking herbal remedies, you should15it to your clinician, " said one of the report's authors, Dr Charles Awortwe.A. threatB. damageC. benefitD. potentialA. variationsB. diseasesC. structuresD. factorsA. manufacturingB. applyingC. testingD. prescribingA. messB. differencesC. lossesD. recombinationA. concernsB. focusesC. fundsD. suspicionA. translatingB. transferringC. connectingD. reversingA. magnificentB. astonishingC. limitedD. accurateA. theoryB. realityC. advanceD. additionA. AttachedB. RelatedC. ComparedD. AddedA. accessB. keyC. barrierD. contributionA. harmfulB. usefulC. helpfulD. purposefulA. methodsB. figuresC. problemsD. instancesA. dealB. interactC. mixD. identifyA. put forwardB. move upC. hold downD. carry onA. claimB. avoidC. classifyD. mention四、阅读理解4、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第56~59题8分Staying up late is a potential battle between parents and kids. But the solution could be as simple as changing your meal time.Researchers at the University of Surry, UK, found that delaying meals could help change one of the internal body clocks. Besides a "master"clock in the brain, there are clocks in other parts of the body. They are usually synchronized according to factors including light.During the study, researchers tested 10 participants to examine the effect of changing meal times on their body clocks. The participants were given three meals-breakfast, lunch and dinner. In the first stage, participants received breakfast 30 minutes after walking. Lunch and dinner followed, after 5-hour intervals. In the second stage, each meal was delayed by 5 hours. Right after each stage, blood and fat samples were collected.Results showed that later meal times greatly influenced blood sugar levels. A 5-hour delay in meal times caused a 5-hour delay in the internal blood sugar rhythms.The discovery showed that meals times are in the line with the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.This is a small study but the researchers believe the findings could help jet lag sufferers and night-shift workers.In a study by the University of Surrey in 2013, researchers explored what happened when a person' body was changed from a normal pattern to that of a night-shift worker's.After people work through the night, over 97 percent of the body's rhythmic genes are disrupted.These findings explain why we feel so bad following a long flight, or after working at night, according to Simon Archer, one of the study's researchers."It's like living in a house. There's a clock in every room in the house and in all of those rooms those clocks are now disrupted, which of course leads to chaos in the household, " fellow researcher DcrkJan Dijk told the BBC.Changing meal times didn't affect the"master" body clock-the one controlling when we get sleepy—but it can reset the body clock that controls blood sugar levels.This wouldn't necessarily cure jet lag completely, but it might reduce the negative effects.A study published earlier this year suggested that just a weekend camping trip could be enough to reset our body clocks. And now this latest research shows regular food schedules could play a key part too.(1) What did researchers at the University of Surrey find from their new study？A. Connections between the "master" clock and clocks in other parts of the body.B. Changing meal times can be enough to reset one of our body clocks.C. A delay in meal times causes an irregular change in blood sugar rhythms.D. Blood sugar levels are affected by when we eat rather than by our internal clocks.(2) Which of the following statements is TRUE about the new study, according to the article?A. The interval between each meal being given was different.B. Blood and fat samples of the two groups of participants were collected.C. Participants were asked to report their feeling after each stage.D. Each meal was served five hours later during the second stage.(3) What can we learn from the study by researchers at the University of Surrey from 2013?A. All our body's genes would be disrupted if we worked through the night.B. Our genes often become less active after a long flight or night of work.C. The disruption of one gene could lead to the disruption of other genes.D. A disruption to the body's rhythmic genes can cause people to feel bad.(4) According to the article,.A. it's impossible to reduce the negative effects caused by jet lag or night workB. there is more than one way to reset body clocksC. the "master" body clock controls all the other body clocksD. a change in meal times can reset the "master" body clock5、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模（B篇）第60~62题6分Canada Apprentice （学徒） Loan BasicsThe Canada Apprentice Loan is available to help registered Red Seal apprentices cover the cost of their training.What you need to know• The Government of Canada offers apprentices registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program up to ＄4, 000 per period of technical training.• You can get Canada Apprentice Loans for up to 5 periods of technical training.• Your loan will be interest-free for up to 6 years as long as you are confirmed as being registered in a Red Trade apprenticeship program.• You do not have to make any loan payments as long as your loan is in interest-free status. Eligibility （资格）To be eligible, you must meet all of these criteria:• be a Canadian Citizen, Permanent Resident, or Protected Person:• be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program that is designated by the province or territory where you are registered as an apprentice:• be enrolled in block release technical training or the equivalent fulltime technical training with an approved technical training provider;• pass a credit check (required if you are applying for the first time) .You are not eligible if you:• are a high school student;•are an apprentice registered in the province of Quebec;• are receiving a Canada Student Loan for the same technical training;•have been told that you are restricted from receiving a Canada Apprentice Loan or a Canada Student Loan;• have already received funding for 5 periods of technical training;• Have already received 6 years of interest-free status.(1) Who will fail to get Canada Apprentice Loan according to the passage？A. An apprentice who used to study in the province of Quebec.B. An apprentice who got the Canada Citizenship three years ago.C. An apprentice who is looking for an approved technical training provider.D. An apprentice who has been funded for technical training three times.(2) Which of the following statement is False according to the passageA. You can get the loan without paying the interest.B. You can totally get the loan of $20, 000 in 5 periods.C. You should be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program.D. You have to make some loan payment even though your loan is in interest-free status.(3) The purpose of the passage is ingended to.A. Promote the business of Canada banksB. Help students in need complete their studiesC. Recruit more apprentices for Canadian companiesD. Provide apprentice with fund to receive technical training6、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模（C篇）第63~65题8分The battle for women's right to vote One hundred years ago, British women were given the right to vote for the first time. How did it come about?The first appeals for women's right to vote in Britain date from the early 19th century. In 1818, in his plan of parliamentary Reform, Jeremy Bentham insisted that women should be given the vote. Women at the lime had no political right at all—they were deemed to be represented by their husbands or fathers. The old argument prevailed. Women, it was said, were menially less able than men: their " natural sphere" was in the home; they were unable to fight for their country, and thus undeserving of full rights; moreover, they simply didn't want the vole. This was at least partly true. "I have never felt the want of a vote, '' declared Florence Nightingle in 1867，while queen Victoria condemned the "mad, wicked folly of woman's right." Even George Eliot was reluctant to back the cause.It wasn't until the second half of the 19th century that the first campaigning women's groups were formed. Initially they focused on the lack of education, employment opportunities and legal rights for women （married women, at the time, had no independent legal standing）, but the question of the vote gradually became central to their demands-both symbolically, as a recognition of women's rights, and practically, as a means of improving women's lives.However, the women's campaigning was still a subject of debate. While most historians agree that campaigns were initially very effective in mobilizing women and highlighting injustices, a series of mass processions followed; more than 250, 000 women protested in Hyde Park in 1908．many were arrestedand ill-treated; prisoners who went on hunger strike were brutally force-fed. Over time they became steadily more militant—smashing shop windows, setting fire to letter boxes, libraries and even homes. The PM, Herbert Asquith, an opponent of women's votes, was attacked with a dog whip. Such use of violence was thought, certainly at the time, to have been unfavorable.With the sacrifice of the First World War strengthening support for widening the right to vote generally, women suspended campaigning. More than a million women were newly employed outside the home--in munitions （军需品） factories, engineering works. Crucially, Asquith was replaced as PM by David Lloyd George, a supporter of votes for women. The representation of the People Act 1918 was introduced by the coalition government and passed by a majority of 385 to 55, gaining the Royal Assent on 6 February 1918．Women over 30, who were householders or married to one, or university graduates, were given the vote.(1) Which of the following is NOT the reason why women were not qualified to vote?A. Women were supposed to do housework and serve their husbands.B. Women were too weak to fight against enemies.C. Women had already enjoyed many political rights.D. Women were not as intelligent as men.(2) According to the passage, why did women's campaigning arouse debate?A. Because it failed to mobilize women and emphasize injustices.B. Because women were put in prison and abused during the protest.C. Because most women didn't want the vote.D. Because all the emotional behaviors were regarded as improper.(3) The word "militant" （in Line 5, Para. 4） probably refers to.A. imposingB. extremeC. negativeD. obedient(4) What can be inferred from the passage?A. Women stopped protesting for their vote because they were offered more job opportunities.B. The PM, Herbert Asquith, an opponent of women's votes, committed suicide.C. The first campaign women groups were formed originally for the sake of legal rights.D. All women can enjoy their rights to vote since the introduction of People Act.五、信息匹配7、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第67~70题8分No one enjoys the moment. You are stuck at the back of a queue and as those in other lines move ahead and get served, the time to decide arrives.1.This question has now been solved by researchers at Harvard ard Business School. According to what they have found in a new study, they suggest people think twice before switching queues.The research was led by Ryan Buell, an expert in service management. He looked into consumer queuing behavior after working with economists on what is known as "last-place aversion." the discomfort people feel when they earn less than others or consider themselves at the bottom of the social pile for some other reason. As a result of this aversion to being the last, when a person finds himself at the end of a queue, he can make decisions that he will later regret.Buell began by observing people at a multi-checkout grocery store and then set up an online survey. People who look part in the survey were told it would take about five minutes. In reality, it took only one minute, but when participants logged in for the survey, they were forced to wait in a virtual queue displayed on the screen. They started at the back and could wait, switch to a second queue or choose to leave.2On average, however, those who switched waited 10 percent longer than if they had stayed put. Those who switched twice ended up waiting 67 percent longer than if they had never moved."When we join a queue, we tend to make the most rational choice we can, which means joining the shortest queue.3unfortunately, we can often get it wrong." said Buell.4After that, the aversion fades. The researcher suggests people have a chat with the person in front so that they can pass the time more comfortably until someone else joins behind them. "Remember that the person in front of you was the last until you arrived, so someone will show up if you hang around long enough, " Buelle said.A. If we see a line moving faster, we might switch without having enough extra information.B. About one in five people grew impatient at the back of the queue and switched to the other line in the hope of speeding things up.C. Do you hold your nerve and stay put, switch to another line in the hope it moves faster, or give up altogether?D. Based on his study, Buell says people should think hard about switching queues when they are the last in a line.E. In an unpublished working paper on the research, Buell notes that people tend lo feel unhappiest at the back of a queue for the first 10 seconds or so.F. Although the number of people behind you has nothing to do with how long you are going to wait, it shapes your behavior.六、阅读简答8、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第71题10分Directions:Read the following passage Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Conflict of the OrdersAs technology grows, many university instructors are finding ways to guide online learning platforms into their classrooms. Programs such as Blackboard, WebCT and Moodle allow teachers to post reading assignments, PowerPoint presentations, lecture notes and quizzes for students tocomplete outside of class. While posting lessons online can be friendly to students' communication styles and easily accessible, they also cause disadvantages.One disadvantage is that it may encourage students to depend on technology in the classroom. Instead of physical textbooks, many no bring cellphones to access materials during class discussions. While electronic devices can be valuable learning tools, they also can lead to distractions from learning, such as social networking and online games. It is extremely difficult for students being exposed to multiple electronic tasks to focus or remember key information.A second disadvantage is that online lessons open up potential for cheating. Many instructors require students to complete quizzes, post within discussion groups or submit major assignments online. As a result, there are some students having someone else complete their assignments. A contributing factor is that online assignments are best suitable for those self-motivated, self-directed students. Students who struggle with organization and completing assignments may fined it easy to cheat online.In spite of these disadvantages, educators can take steps to make sure students use online lessons responsibly. If instructors are uncomfortable with electronic devices in the classroom, they can require students to print out assignments and readings to reference during sessions. To prevent cheating, teachers can use online assignments as a supplement to traditional in-class work, or create open-ended assignmentsrather than using assignments like multiple-choice quizzes that have only one right answer. Being familiar with what the platform looks like from a student perspective also can help instructors avoid potential pitfalls.七、翻译句子9、【来源】 2018年上海金山区高三二模第72~75题8分Directions:Translate the followine sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 多参加志愿者活动，它能使你成为更好的人。
2018青浦英语二模
青浦区2017学年度第二学期初三年级学业质量调研英语学科试卷2018年4月(满分150分，考试时间：100分钟)考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分）Part I Listening（第一部分听力）I. Listening Comprehension(听力理解) (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture(根据你听到的内容,选出相应的图片. (6分)1._____2.______3.______4.______5._______6.______B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear(根据你所听到的对话和问题,选出最恰当的答案) (8分)( ) 7. A. A red sweater B. A green sweater C. A white sweater D. A yellow sweater ( ) 8. A. America B. France C. Japan D. Italy( ) 9. A. By bus B. By bike C. On foot D. By taxi( ) 10. A. Cool B. Warm C. Hot D. Cold( ) 11. A. Because she wanted to be healthier B. Because swimming was funC. Because skating was difficult to learnD. Because she lived in Canada( ) 12. A. In a cinema B. In a library C. In a train D. In a hospital( ) 13. A.He will make a phone call to them B. He will see the movie with themC. He has seen the movie beforeD. He will not meet Jenny tomorrow( ) 14. A. How to use the four skills B. The easy way of reading and writingC. How to learn English fasterD. The importance of practicing EnglishC. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following% statements are true or false(判断下列句子是否符合你所听到的短文内容,符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示) (6分)( ) 15. Betty calls the Helpline because she has a problem with her friend.( ) 16. If Betty wants to get help,she should tell the Helpline who her friend is.( ) 17. Betty and her friend are in different schools,and they keep in touch with each other.( ) 18. This term Betty went to see her friend,but she refused to speak to her.( ) 19. The helpline asks Betty to write a letter to her friends,or she will probably feel lonely.( ) 20. At last Betty manages to get some advice from the Friendship Helpline.D. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks(根你所听到的短文内容,完成下列句子,每空格限填一词) (10分)21.In Denmark（丹麦）,the schools set up by parents have to follow _______ ________ courses（课程）.22.Some of the schools are called “small schools”,but a school must have at least _______ _______.23.Many parents of Cooleenbridge School came from Germany,England and _______ _______ of Ireland（爱尔兰）24.Cooleenbridge School is also a small school,and it was started _______ _______ 1986.25.The teachers of the school think the important thing in school is _______,not ________.Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary(第二部分语音、语法和词汇)II. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案) (共20分)( ) 26. When it rains,it pours. Which is correct for the underlined part?A.[e]B. [i:]C. [aɪ]D. [eɪ]( ) 27.The guests are told that the furniture in the flat is designed by_________owner himself.A.theB. anC. aD. /( )28. Zhujiajiao, an old town with a history of hundreds of years, lies____________the west of Shanghai.A.onB. inC. toD. among( ) 29. The traveler asked_________some water when he passed Granny Li's house.A.byB. forC. withD. of( ) 30. It is said that having a glass of water first in the morning is good for________ health.A.weB. usC. ourD. ours( ) 31. The teacher told the class that only three students failed the exam, and__________ all passed.A.anotherB. the otherC. othersD. the others( ) 32. Mrs. Black wants to make some pizza, so she asks her husband to buy some___________.A.appleB. butterC. eggD. potato( ) 33. The farmer looks _________ , and he even agrees to show the visitors around his private garden.A.happilyB. nicelyC. friendlyD. gently( ) 34. After being rebuilt, the open-air museum became __________attractive than before.A.manyB. moreC. muchD. most( ) 35. We ______touch or take pictures of these exhibits ( 展品), for it's against the rules.A.wouldn’tB. needn’tC. mustn’tD. may not( ) 36. Mark ________very hard in the university and was made Chairman of the students' union.A.studiedB. studiesC. will studyD. are studying ( ) 37. The volunteers _______a lot of waste bottles on the beach by the end of the tourism festival.A.will collectB. have collectedC. was collectingD. had collected ( ) 38. The old couple ________not to trust any strangers when they were cheated last time.A.are toldB. would be toldC. were toldD. will be told ( ) 39. To save time, many airlines now allow passengers ____their boarding passes online.A.to printB. printingC. printD. printed( ) 40. Since it's your first visit to Britain, you'd better ________something about the British culture.A.learnB. learningC. learnedD. to learn( ) 41. The kids have never been to such a wonderful amusement Park before,__________?A.don’t theyB. do theyC. haven’t theyD. have they( ) 42. Your mother will be happier______you can help with the housework when you have time.A.ifB. untilC. whereD. unless( ) 43. The road sign shows us_________________.A.how can we get to the International Meeting CenterB.which road leads to the International Meeting CenterC.where is the International Meeting CenterD.what can we do in the International Meeting Center( ) 44. --- I think we should raise some money for charity.----_______.A.What a pity!B. I’m sorry.C. What a surprise!D. That's a good idea.( ) 45. --- Do you know when the next train leaves for Beijing?A.No, thanks.B. Neither do I.C. I'm not quite sure.D. That's terrible!III. Complete the following passages with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. (讲下列单词或词组填入空格。
2018届上海市奉贤区高三二模英语试题(word版)
1. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At an airportB. In a hotelC. At a police station.D. At a restaurant2. A. At4:20B. At4:40C. At4:50.D. At4:303. A. Its priceB. Its locationC. Its comfortD. Its facilities4. A Employer and employB. Husband and wifeC. Teacher and studentD. Patient and doctor5. A. To cancel his trip.B. To go to bed earlyC. To catch the later flightD. To ask for a morning call.6. A. Cathy already knows about the exhibit.B. Cathy has to act in a play.C. He did show her one of the signs.D. There will be an exhibit in the theatre.7. A. The critic has a very funny comment on the musicalB The woman agrees with the mans opinion of the musical.C. The woman has a very positive comment on the musical.D. The man and the woman differ in their opinion of the musical.8. A. David never likes to play tennis.B. David's unable to play tennis with them.C. David isn't a very good tennis player.D. David is in town for a game of tennis.9. A. Satisfied.B. Impatient.C. Exhausted.D. Amused.10. A. He wants to get a new job.B. He is asking the woman for help.C. He has left the woman a good impression.D He enjoys letter writing.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She wanted to have a garden similar to their neighbour's.B. Her husband would like to have a beautiful backyard.C. She was going to make the rented house her own home.D. The community required them to keep the backyard lovely.12. A. By getting involved in doing voluntary work.B. By picking up mails for their neighbours.C. By keeping an eye on their neighbours' children.D. By planting trees along the street with others.13. A. Her husband volunteered to work in the neighbourhood.B. They took on new responsibilities for their neighbours.C. She was planning to plant a new garden in the backyard.D. She enjoyed the relationship they built with the community.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To find out what covers the Earth.B. To list all living things on Earth.C. To work out the number of birds.D. To save the existing plants.15. A. It is run by school students.B. It focuses on different types of grass.C. It provides different levels of information.D. It allows non-scientists to review its data.16. A. We may know just a small part of all the living creatures of Earth.B. We have learnt most of the living creatures on Earth.C. Only scientists can help to make the Encyclopedia of Life.D. It won't be long before scientists collect all the data they need.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It is a club for people from different countries to socialize.B. It is a club for British people to socialize in Washington.C. It is a club for people from different countries to discuss business.D. It is a club which arranges for people from different countries to do sports together.18. A. Monday.B. Tuesday.C. Wednesday.D. Thursday.19. A. She can study and practise German free of charge.B. She can have a meal in a restaurant with anyone from different countries.C. She can communicate with all the sixty members at the moment.D. She doesn't need to pay for her first month in the club.20. A No activity is organized by International Friends Club on Wednesday.B. The woman came to America three months ago.C. International Friends Club organizes sports events for its members.D. If one wants to join in International Friends Club, he should fill in a form.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Time to End LonelinessUS author Henry Rollins once wrote: "Loneliness adds beauty to life. It puts a special burn on sunsets and makes night air smell better. Indeed, in the eyes of artists, loneliness never seems to go out of style. There are paintings that portray loneliness, songs that (21)_______ (inspire) by loneliness, and many works of literature that center around this theme.In the eyes of UK economist Rachel Reeves, however, loneliness is far from romantic. Instead, it's a "giant evil" that's become a serious problem in the country.On Jan 17, UK Prime Minister Theresa May appointed politician Tracey Crouch as the country’s very first "Minister for Loneliness". Her job is (22)______ (deal) with the loneliness that the country's been feeling—a problem which, according to UK government research, is affecting more than 9 million people in the country, and (23)______be more harmful to one's physical and mental health than smoking 15 cigarettes a day.Back in 2014, the UK was given the title of the "loneliness capital of Europe" by The Telegraph. A survey carried out by the newspaper found that British people were (24)______ (likely) to get to know their neighbours or build strong relationships with people than those from other European countries.But this doesn't mean it is the problem (25)_____ (affect) Britons only. In fact, were all suffering from loneliness now more than ever, in spite of most of the world now being linked to the internet, (26)______ has enabled us to be more connected than ever.(27)________ we need, according to Kim Leadbetter, sister of the late UK politician Jo Cox, is to have "proper human connections"."Our lives nowadays are so busy. We spend the vast majority of our time on our phones, on our laptops.(28)_______ _______ _______ busy we are, we need to press pause on that and actually sit down and speak to human beings," Leadbetter said at an event last year.But the first steps toward (29)_______ (fight) this problem are to accept its existence and not be ashamed or frightened by it. After all, (30)______ loneliness, many beautiful paintings, songs, and literary works wouldn't even exist. Whether it is "evil" or not, being lonely is simply part of the experience of being humman.Section BDirection: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. analyzingB. maintainC. designedD. coveredE. capableF. figuresG. recentlyH. weighingI. undoubtedlyJ. releaseK. postsRobots Writing NewspapersWhether it's robots working as hotel receptionists or artificial intelligence creating poetry, it's becoming more and more common to read about technology doing the jobs of humans. And now, it seems that software is even 31 of writing news stories—such as the very one you're reading.BBC News 32 reported that the Press Association(PA), a UK news service, has created a computer program that's competent to create articles that are almost impossible to tell apart from those written by human journalists. Called "robo-journalism" by BBC News, such software "teaches" itself by 33 thousands of news stories written by humans. The PA's software is already so advanced that many UK newspapers and websites publish articles created by it.According to the Reuters Institute of Journalism, many publishers are using robo-journalism to 34 interesting information quickly, from election results to official 35 on social issues. For example, US news organization The Washington Post has its own robo-journalism software, Heliograf.According to tech website Digiday, Heliograf "wrote" over 850 articles in 2017, as well as hundreds of social media 36 .So what does this mean for regular journalists? "We're naturally cautious about any technology that could replace human beings." Fredrick Kunkle, a Washington Post reporter, told Wired. "But this technology seems to have taken over only some of the work that nobody else wants to do."Indeed, it appears that robo-journalism software is 37 to help humans, rather than take away their jobs."In the future, Heliograf could do things like searching the web to see what people are talking about, checking The Washington Post to see if that story is being 38 , and, if not, alerting editors or just writing the piece itself, Wired reporter Joe Keoha wrote.However, Joshua Benton at Harvard university's Nieman Journalism Lab believes that while robo-journalism is 39 going to become more present in newsrooms, nothing can replace traditional human creativity."Good journalism is not just a matter of inputs and outputs, it is a craft that has developed over decades," hetold BBC news."The really difficult part of what professional journalists do—carefully 40 information and presenting balanced, contextualized(全景式的) stones—will be very hard for machines to master."III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard 41 : keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity? Do some kinds of personalities 42 longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by 43 the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing more 44 and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people, long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a(n) 45 life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: Those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough 46 to make it through tough times.Interestingly, 47 , other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, 48 , were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being 49 to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your 50 as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should 51 to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mothers personality may also help 52 your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28, 000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids 53 diets, Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn't destin(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health. Therefore, it might be 54 to form those personality traits contributing to longevity through health-related behaviours, stress reduction and 55 to the challenging problems.41. A. statements B. definitions C. applications D. explanations42. A. result from B. lead to C. rely on D. consist of43. A. assessing B. interviewing C. examining D. diagnosing44. A. active B. extensive C. persuasive D. sensitive45. A. agreeable B. normal C. changeable D. formal46. A. resources B. associations C. procedures D. interactions47. A. therefore B. however C. furthermore D. otherwise48. A. in other words B. as usual C. in addition D. for instance49. A. resistant B. open C. blind D. alert50. A. perspective B. ambition C. personality D. philosophy51. A. reject B. strive C. claim D. oppose52. A. extend B. restrict C. shorten D. determine53. A. unhealthy B. nutritious C. adequate D. moderate54. A. predictable B. advisable C. sustainable D. enjoyable55. A. temptation B. introduction C. adaptation D. objectionSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr. Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr. Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever- frugal (一惯节省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking all city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate meal including his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: "Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of youraccomplishments!" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read: "Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though you did not get the increase."Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michaels plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael______.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanC. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to a disaster.B. Michael had worked very hard and done his part for the company.C. Michael's boss agreed to his request.D. One of Michael's colleagues had told his wife the good news.59. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Michael's wife, Cassie?A. Passionate, thoughtful and talented.B. Considerate, generous and reliable.C. Decisive, optimistic and energetic.D. Caring, tolerant and supportive.BEight Days from just E399Departs May—October 2018Includes:●Return flights from 8 UK airports to Naples●Return airport to hotel transport●Seven nights' accommodation at the 3☆Hotel Nice●The services of guides●Government taxesJoin us for a wonderful holiday in one of Europe's most wonderful comers. Long a favourite with holidaymakers —indeed the ancient Romans called the area "happy land" —this simply attractive coastline of colourful towns, splendid views and the warm Mediterranean Sea is a perfect choice for a truly memorable holiday!Choose between the peaceful traditional village of Sant' Agata, set on a hillside six miles from Sorrento, or the more lively and well—known international resort town of Sorrento, with wonderful views over the Bay of Naples.Breathtaking scenery and famous sights everywhere. From the legendary Island of Capri to the haunting ruins of Pompeii and from the unforgettable "Amalfi Drive" to the delightful resorts of Positano, Sorrento and Ravello, the area is a feast for the eyes! Should you choose to join us, we know that you will not be disappointed!With a choice of hotels and optional excursions including Capri, Pompei and the "Amalfi Drive", this is a truly unmissable holiday.Price based on two tourists sharing a twin / double room at the Hotel Nice.Like to know more? Then telephone Newmarket Air Holidays Ltd on: 0845-226-7766(All calls charged at local rates).60. All the following are included in the price of ￡399 EXCEPT_______.A. transport between the airport and the hotelB. telephone calls made by touristsC. the services of guides to touristsD. double rooms for every two tourists61. What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?A. To invite people to take a breath in the Bay of Naples.B. To advise people to telephone Newmarket Air Holidays Ltd.C. To persuade people to tour in the area of the Mediterranean Sea.D. To attract people to go to Sant' Agata or Sorrento for sightseeing.62. The underlined part "the area is a feast for the eyes" in the passage mean_______.A. the area is pleasing to the eyeB. the area is really unforgettableC. the area catches the tourists' eyeD. the area is crowded with touristsC"Monday morning feeling "could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.he risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2, 600 Germans revealed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 per cent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 am on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr. Stefan Willich of the Free University. "We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol (胆固醇)but we don't know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can 't make specific recommendations about how to prevent them," he said.Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work. "When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal(荷尔蒙的) changes in their bodies.” Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot(血凝块) in the arteries(动脉) which will cause a heart attack. "When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity," said willich. "We need to know how these events cause changes in the body before we can understand if they cause heart attacks."But although it is tempting to believe that returning to work increases the risk of a heart attack, both Willich and the Italian researchers admit that it is only a partial answer. Both studies showed that the over 65s are also vulnerable on Monday morning even though most no longer work. The reason for this is not clear, but the Italianteam speculated that the social interactions-the thought of facing another week and all its pressures—may play a part.What is clear, however, is that the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from the northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of the differences in diet and lifestyle.63. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. 20% of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks.B. 33% of the Germans have heart diseases, so heart attacks are more common in Germany than in any othercountry.C. The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any other day of the week tonon-workers.D. non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays.64. The over 65s are more likely to suffer from heart attacks on Monday mornings possibly because ______.A. they are afraid of returning to workB. they are reluctant to face the pressures of another weekC. most of them are not in good healthD. they are much busier on Mondays than on any other days of the week65. In the following research, Dr. Willich will probably try to find out______.A. if smoking and cholesterol will cause heart attackB. if increase in blood pressure, heart rate and hormonal changes will cause heart attacksC. on which day people are least likely to have a heart attackD. if events like higher workload, more stress and so on will cause heart attacks.66. What is the best title for the passage?A. Causes of Heart Attacks on Mondays.B. Warning: Mondays Are Bad for Your Heart.C. The Overweight and Smokers Risk Heart Attacks on Mondays.D. Reduce Your Chance of Having Heart Attacks on Mondays.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. For OpenClassrooms, the company will certainly make profits as a technology provider.B. And it can explain why more and more people tend to apply for online courses.C it's the exact same degree that you would get at IESA, except that you won't see any teachers.D. That’s why every week, you will get to video chat with a teacher.E. For Open Classrooms, the company will surely enjoy a reputation for its technology.F. Open Classrooms lets you work and study at the same time, and pay a lot less.You won't have any excuse to skip class anymore. French startup Open Classrooms is offering the first state-recognized bachelor degree in France that uses only MOOCs(massive open online courses). The startup partnered with IESA Multimedia to create this program.There are three learning paths in engineering, design and marketing Students will have to complete all the courses and required projects in order to get their degree. 67 IESA is already working on 40 different MOOCS for this program.On average, it will take a year of hard work in order to complete all the classes. As always, it's hard to keep going when you sign up for a MOOC. 68This kind of degree has many key advantages. For IESA, it gives the school more students. IESA is a private school, and its end goal is to make as much money as possible. So with these new Mooc students, IESA will be able to get more money per teacher on average.69 The startup already offers a course for e20 per month, but you need to pay E300 per month for the Premium Plus offering to use the state-recognized program. it's unclear how much Open Classrooms will keep, but it should be more than €20 per month.For students, it's a cheaper way to get a degree. Maybe you can't afford to study for three years at IESA and pay €6,950 per year.70 Sure, it's probably a less enjoyable experience than going to your school and spending time with other students and teachers, but it makes sense for some students.It's an interesting new direction for Open Classrooms, and I can't wait to see whether other schools will start working with the startup to provide online courses. It will be interesting to see whether the first students are satisfied with this kind of degree as well.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The sharing economy has grown in recent years to include everything from apartment sharing to car sharing to community tool sharing.Since 2009, a new form of the sharing economy has been emerging in neighbourhoods throughout the US and around the world - Little Free Libraries. The libraries are boxes put in neighbourhoods from which local peoplecan take out and put in books. Little Free Libraries come in all shapes and sizes. Some libraries also have themes, focusing on books for children, adults or tour guides.In 2009, Tod Bol built the first Little Free Library in the Mississippi River town of Hudson, Wisconsin, to honour his mother, who loved reading. When he saw the people of his community gathering around it, exchanging conversation as well as books, he knew he wanted to take his simple idea further.Since then, his idea has become a movement, spreading from state to state and country to country. According to LittleFreelibrary. org. there are now 18,000 of the little boxes around the world, found in each of the 50 US states and 70 countries in Europe, Africa and Asia.The Internet has helped to spread Little Free Libraries. But an Atlantic article said that they are something different in a world of e-reader downloads. The little wooden boxes are refreshingly physical and human. when you open the door of the box, chance and your neighbours' tastes determine what you'll find. You might find a graphic novel, a cookbook or a tour guidebook.For many people, this sense of discovery is Little Free Libraries main appeal. "A girl walking home from school might pick up a graphic novel that gets her excited about reading, a man on his way to the bus stop might find a book of poetry that changes his view on life, said The Atlantic article. "Every book is a potential source of inspiration."V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.与家人外出度假日益受到人们的推崇。
2023-2024学年上海青浦区高三二模英语试卷及答案
2023学年第二学期高三年级学业质量调研英语试卷（时间120分钟，满分140分）2024.04考生注意：1．本试卷共12页。
2．答题前，考生务必在答题卡（纸）上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3．答案必须全部涂写在答题卡（纸）上。
如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.5. B.3. C.15. D.12.2.A.Guest and receptionist. B.Librarian and student.C.Customer and shop assistant.D.Passenger and air hostess.3.A.A job opportunity. B.Traveling experiences.C.A big travel agency.D.Qualifications for a salesperson.4.A.Figure out the place of the party. B.Get Tom to pick up the Johnsons.C.Ask Tom about the Johnsons’address.D.Invite Tom to the party.5.A.Give his ankle a good rest. B.Treat his injury immediately.C.Continue his regular activities.D.Mind the steps during the day.6.A.She’d like to open the windows. B.She likes to keep the air conditioner on.C.The air is heavily polluted.D.It’s up to the man to decide.7.A.It is faster to go to Miami by train.B.It is not always cheaper to go by bus.C.It is worth the money to take a train to Miami.D.It is more comfortable and convenient to take a bus.8.A.The woman bought a lot of books.B.He didn’t like the books the woman chose.C.The woman wanted to see what he bought.D.He didn’t think there’s a large book selection.9.A.The woman is wearing long hair now.B.The woman followed the man’s advice.C.The man didn’t care about the woman’s hairstyle.D.The man didn’t want the woman to have her hair cut.10.A.It will cool down a bit over the weekend.B.He hopes the weather forecast is accurate.C.Swimming in a pool has a relieving effect.D.Summer has become hotter in recent years.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation.The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.About a month. B.About three months.C.About eight minutes.D.About eight weeks.12.A.Those who received verbal compliments.B.Those who were offered material rewards.C.Those who had much exposure to the dish.D.Those who had five different kinds of vegetables.13.A.The least-liked vegetable among children.B.Steps to make carrots more appealing to children.C.A psychological experiment carried out in Belgium.D.An effective way to increase children’s vegetable intake.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.They make careful preparations beforehand.B.They spend too much time expecting their failure.C.They try hard to encourage themselves to be braver.D.They take too many irrelevant factors into consideration.15.A.She left an unfavorable impression in front of the judge.B.She had a positive goal setting at first.C.She used to be a successful golfer.D.She won her first trial.16.A.Prepare for possible problems. B.Make a list of do’s and don’ts.C.Picture themselves succeeding.D.Try to appear more professional. Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Teaching students Chinese. B.Learning teaching techniques.C.Studying with local university students.D.Giving lessons about VR technology.18.A.She taught the students how to make Chinese handicrafts.B.The students learnt a lot about Chinese history and culture.C.The students visited several historic sites in China in person.D.She gave a map of China to every student attending the presentation.19.A.Exciting. B.Relaxing. C.Agreeable. D.Eye-opening.20.A.Mike’s plan to study abroad. B.Mike’s dream of traveling overseas.uren’s exchange experience.uren’s future travel plan in the U.S.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Number of Steps a Day It Takes to Cut Risk of Early DeathNew research suggests exactly how many steps you need to take each day to reduce the risk of heart disease and early death.If you(21)_____(fail)in your pursuit of walking10,000steps a day—researchers have some good news for you.They found walking up to10,000steps a day reduces these risks.The lowest risk of early death was(22)_____people who took9,000to10,500steps a day.When it came to avoiding heart attack,people(23)_____(manage)around9,700 steps a day had the lowest risks.Experts have previously found people who spend a lot of time sitting while awake are more likely(24)_____(suffer) an early death and develop heart disease.It has been unclear(25)_____walking can balance out the effects of sitting down for most of the day—until now.A study,published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine,analysed data from72,174people(26)_____(age) around61from UK.Participants wore a device for seven days to measure their exercise levels.After a seven-year follow-up, 1,633deaths and6,190cardiovascular(心脏血管的)events,such as heart attack,were recorded.The results showed any amount of daily steps above2,200a day were linked to lower death and heart disease—(27)__________the rest of the day was spent being inactive.Julie Ward,a senior nurse in the U.K.,said,“We encourage people to stay active for(28)_____heart and circulatory health by doing150minutes of moderate exercise a week.“This can be any activity(29)_____fits into your lifestyle,such as taking regular walking breaks away from your computer screen,going to the gym,enjoying exercise classes,or even getting off the bus one stop(30)_____(early)to get more steps in.”Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.How Long Is a Second?The length of a second depends on how you’re measuring it.There are24hours in a day,60minutes in an hour,and60 seconds in a minute—so surely a second is1/86400,of a day,right?Well,it turns out that__31__time isn’t that simple.“The second was__32__based on the length of the day,”Peter Whibberley,a senior scientist at the National Physical Laboratory in the U.K.,told Live Science.“People observed the sun passing overhead and started measuring its__33__ using sundials(日晷).However,sundials have a few disadvantages.Aside from the obvious problem of not being able to read a sundial when the sun isn’t visible,relying on Earth’s daily turning is surprisingly inaccurate.“The turning is not precisely__34__,”Whibberley said.“The Earth speeds up and slows down over time.”So how can we precisely measure time if using the length of a day is so unreliable?In the16th century,people turned to technological solutions to this problem,and the first recognizable mechanical clocks began to__35__.The earliest mechanical clocks,which were designed to click at a specific frequency,averaged over the__36__of a year.By around1940,quartz crystal clocks(石英钟)had become the new gold standard.However,problems arose,and this was where atomic clocks came in.“Atoms exist only in particular energy states and can only change from one state to another by__37__or giving out a fixed amount of energy,”Whibberley explained.“That energy__38__to a precise frequency,so you can use that frequency as a reference for time keeping.”The astronomical second continued to vary. Every few years,scientists must add a second to allow Earth’s slowing turning to keep up with atomic time.In fact,scientists are discussing whether it’s time to redefine the second again.But while several important questions still need to be answered before this__39__,it’s clear that the strictly correct definition of a second is__40__to change.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Although many over-processed foods can satisfy the desire for sweet,fatty,salty foods,research suggests these items are particularly bad for the heart and brain,with mood and cognition taking a hit.The most recent research looking at the__41__of over-processed food found the most far-reaching results.Researchers__42__direct links between higher consumption of over-processed foods and a greater risk of many health issues.These results are__43__earlier studies.Diets high in these foods were linked to greater risk of depression and anxiety, according to an analysis published in the journal Nutrients.In one of these studies,risk rose from__44__just33percent of calories from over-processed food.A separate study found that taking in just20percent of calories from these foods was linked to a28percent faster rate of cognitive__45__compared with people who ate less processed food.Also__46__is a study tracking about half a million people living in England,Scotland,and Wales that found the risk of dementia(痴呆)went up by25percent for every10percent increase in over-processed food.While the exact cause-and-effect relationship is still unknown,the strongest evidence from prospective studies__47__the idea that eating high amounts of over-processed foods increases the risk of depression in the future.It is common knowledge that eating too much salt or sugar is linked to high blood pressure and Type2diabetes.What the public may not appreciate,__48__,is that all these conditions affect the brain by raising the risk for dementia.__49__ such as certain artificial sweeteners may also disturb the production and release of brain chemicals,such as dopamine, which can negatively affect mental and emotional__50__.Another problem with over-processed foods is that they might be addictive.Over-processed foods have more in common with a(n)__51__than foods by Mother Nature.Humans have evolved to respond to foods that are sweet,fatty,and high in calories.For most of human existence this helped us__52__.But in nature,foods are__53__modestly high in sugar —like berries—or high in fat,like nuts.You don’t find foods high in both sugar and fat.That’s a distinctive__54__of over-processed foods.Add in salt,artificial flavorings and bright colors,and our brain simply__55__these foods.41.A.recipe B.flavor C.preparation D.impact42.A.promoted B.identified C.evaluated D.dismissed43.A.contrary to B.consistent with C.concerned about D.dependent on44.A.consuming B.calculating C.reducing D.burning45.A.improvement B.advantage C.quality D.decline46.A.reassuring B.contradictory C.alarming D.sustainable47.A.goes against B.casts doubt on C.leans towards D.puts forward48.A.however B.therefore C.by chance D.for instance49.A.Decorations B.Additives C.Options D.Contributors50.A.problem B.capacity C.outburst D.well-being51.A.appetizer B.cigarette C.dessert D.snack52.A.survive B.emerge C.venture D.mature53.A.still B.barely C.only D.rather54.A.nutrition B.taste C.dish D.characteristic55.A.gains insight into B.loses control over C.shows concern for D.gets hold ofSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I was sitting in my high school classroom,nervously tapping my pencil against the desk as I awaited the start of the English exam.As the clock struck,signaling the beginning of the exam,my heart began to race.I opened the exam booklet and scanned the questions,and I felt a wave of panic over me.The questions seemed foreign,and the topics unfamiliar.In a state of panic,I hurriedly wrote down my answers,hoping that somehow,by some stroke of luck,they would be correct. But as the minutes went by,I realized I couldn’t seem to make sense of the questions before me.As the final bell rang,I handed in my paper with a heavy heart.In the days that followed,I couldn’t shake the feeling of failure that hung over me like a dark cloud.I replayed the exam over and over in my mind,analyzing every question,every answer,searching for clues as to where I had gone wrong.But in the depression,a realization began to dawn on me—I had failed,yes,but I had also learned valuable lessons along the way.Armed with this newfound wisdom,I ensured that I would do better next time.I threw myself into my studies with renewed determination,devouring books and practicing past exams with an eagerness I had never known before.When the time came to retake the exam,I was ready.I approached each question with confidence and clarity,drawing upon the lessons I had learned from my previous missteps.When the results were announced,I held my breath as I scanned the list of names.And there it was—my name, shining brightly among the list of successful candidates.At that moment,all the hard work,all the late nights and early mornings,were worth it.And as I look back on that sunny afternoon in the high school classroom,I am grateful for the lessons it taught me,and the person it helped me become.56.Why did the author panic when he first took the exam?A.He sat with a pounding heart.B.He found the questions too difficult.C.He was not familiar with the foreign language.D.He was in a hurry when answering the questions.57.What did the author do after he failed in the exam?A.He attended valuable lessons in school.B.He retook the exam over and over again.C.He promised to arm himself with eagerness.D.He determined to engage himself in learning.58.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“devouring”(paragraph4)?A.being targeted atB.being obliged forC.being absorbed inD.being credited to59.According to the passage,this experience helped the author become_____.A.cheerful and considerateB.objective and demandingC.tough and perseveringD.proud and tolerant(B)Whether you are attracted by landscapes or the after-effects of weather,there are photo opportunities everywhere.The following photography tips from photographers will help you shoot your best shot.Get to know your subject and their habitsTake time to get to know your local wildlife before shooting,and you might just capture something truly special.Try to shoot from the perspective of the animal you are filming.Resist the urge to just point and click—take the time to observe local wildlife and you will see the rewards in your photos.Capture details in a close-upGoing in close can bring some fascinating rewards in nature photography.Zooming(聚焦)into plants with frost or picking up water drops on a spider’s web can help show the beauty we might miss in everyday life.If you’re zooming in on one particular subject,such as a bee landing on a flower,you could end up with soft-focus objects in the background to create added interest.Shoot photos at best time of dayThere are no hard and fast rules when it comes to timing,and a shadow or lots of natural sunlight can produce greatresults—it’s just best to avoid extremes.Too much bright light hitting your camera lens(镜头)sensor will result in an overexposed photo with little detail,while a dark sky full of stars might provide too much contrast between the background and the subject you are taking pictures of.Capture sharp,clear imagesAlthough the delete button can be your best friend,a few things will help you avoid unclear images.Keeping the camera stable is key,whether that’s through a solid pose as you stand ready to shoot or using a support.A self-timer can also be a handy tool for keeping your hands away from dials and settings once you have chosen your shot.60.Which of the following is the benefit of“zooming in”in shooting?A.It may be an aid to capture the delicate beauty in daily life.B.It may be helpful to avoid overexposing photos with little detail.C.It may bring about deleting the background to create added interest.D.It may contribute to focusing on several particular subjects at a time.61.What is a photographer recommended to do to shoot satisfactory photos?A.Chase the running rabbit when shooting.B.Follow his instinct when shooting.C.Shoot in bright daylight at midday.e a stable stand when shooting.62.You will find the tips above most useful if you want to take photos_____.A.at a wedding ceremonyB.while visiting an art galleryC.on an excursion to the countrysideD.while walking on the street in a city(C)At first the question was how quickly people would get back to the office.Then it was whether they would ever return. The last three years has introduced in a major change in white-collar working patterns.The office is not dead but many professionals have settled into a hybrid(混合的)arrangement of some office days and some remote days.Hybrid working has much to recommend:flexibility for employees,periods of concentration at home,bursts of cooperation in the office.A new paper from Harvard Business School describes an experiment in which workers at BRAC,a non-profit organisation in Britain,were randomly assigned to three groups,each spending different amounts of time working from home.The intermediate(中等的)group,who spent between23%and40%of their time in the office, performed best on various performance measures.But a shift on this large scale is bound to raise tricky issues.In workplaces that have moved to hybrid work,there arestill plenty of open questions.One is how to handle the impact of less time in the office for new joiners and younger workers.Research by Emma Harrington of the University of Iowa shows that software engineers receive more feedback on their code when the team sits next to each other in the office,especially new engineers.According to Nicholas Bloom of Stanford University,making new employees spend more time in the office can be a good way of integrating them into company culture and improving their competence.And these younger employees were most likely to quit when everyone was forced to go remote.A second question concerns how strictly to enforce attendance on days when teams are meant to be in the office.An agreement holds that there should be agreed“anchor days”on which all the people come to work in the office;since the idea is to spend time together,as many people as possible should be there.But one person on the team might have moved somewhere else;someone else might have asked to stay home to let the repairer in.In practice,therefore,hybrid working still often means a mixture of people on screen and people in the office.Other questions exist.How to define performance measures so managers do not spend time worrying about lazy workers at home?Do you require company-wide anchor days or team-level ones?The era of hybrid working is only just beginning,so it will take time for answers to emerge.But if there is a message from this first full year of hybrid working,it is that flexibility does not mean a free-for-all.63.How can in-office work help new employees?A.Giving them more feedback from senior employees.B.Getting them to catch up with the work schedule.C.Saving them the cost of staying at home.D.Helping them feel part of the company.64.What makes it difficult to enforce attendance on anchor days?A.Young workers prefer working on screen.B.Engineers object to the idea of anchor days.C.Office workers can’t take a day off as expected.D.Employees have various private matters to address.65.Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?A.It is necessary to grant employees full autonomous rights.B.Employers should go with the flow because new questions will emerge.C.Allowing flexibility in work arrangements does not mean having no rules.D.It is no easy job to arrange either company-wide or team-level anchor days.66.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Hybrid working is outdated after workers’return.B.There are some open questions of hybrid working.C.A shift of working patterns calls for hybrid working.D.Fixed restrictions should be applied to hybrid working.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The reaction is caused by nerves that reach into the airway.B.Scientists know about many different stimuli that can cause cough.C.Many infections involve dry coughs that don’t produce phlegm(痰)at all.D.We can’t really detect virus any more in these individuals,and yet they’re still coughing.E.But at least temporarily,they can send us into coughing even when we’re no longer sick.F.Scientists still aren’t sure exactly why otherwise healthy people experience this kind of persistentcough.Why Are You Still Coughing?Have you caught a cold recently—but can’t get rid of the cough?You’re not alone.The symptom can stick around for weeks after our bodies have cleared a virus.Michael Shiloh,a physician specializing in infectious disease research at UT Southwestern Medical Center,says coughing patients often report that they were sick as many as eight weeks prior to seeing him.He says,“____67____”The United States saw a sharp rise in cases of influenza in late2023that’s dragged on into2024.And though positive tests for the illness have leveled off or decreased countrywide over the past weeks,the number of people seeking healthcare for respiratory(呼吸的)diseases is still elevated across much of the U.S.____68____But research on how infections affect nerves in the airway is revealing new clues.Coughing is an important reaction that protects the airway from dangers like water or bits of mis-swallowed food,says doctor and researcher Lorcan McGarvey of Queen’s University Belfast.____69____These nerves are decorated with receptor(受体)proteins that react to everything from cold air to hot pepper.When a stimulus causes those receptors,nerves send signals to the brain that we experience as the urge to cough.While it may seem obvious that coughing is meant to clear our throats,it’s also possible that viruses cause the reactionto help themselves spread.____70____And if we do ultimately cough to clear out our airway during an infection,that still wouldn’t explain what exactly our nerves sense during an infection that causes a cough.“We don’t know,”says electrophysiologist Thomas Taylor-Clark of the University of South Florida.“But what we can say is that we do know some things,one being that viruses cause infection.”IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than e your own words as far as possible.71.Less Snowy WintersWinter might mean snowball fights in many places.But this might not be the case for much longer.While many people around the world are currently experiencing heavy snowfall,Earth is getting less snowy—a trend that isn’t temporary. That’s because the planet is heating up and winter is warming faster than any other season in America.The water falling to earth in winter is more commonly falling as raindrops than snow.With water falling as rain instead of snow,and then freezing,some animals may struggle to feed on grass on frozen ground.Species with white coats could be at higher risk of being eaten as food,while polar bears may have fewer options to build their snowy habitations.Not every species can adapt or move to snowier climates,which may cause the extinction of some animals.As air temperatures warm,trees release water into the atmosphere through a process called evapotranspiration,loss of water from the soil.When there hasn’t been much snow,the soil can’t replace lost moisture,and forests experience more heat stress,making severe wildfires more likely.“When a fire does spark,it runs away as fast as possible and burns as much area as it can,”says Andrew Schwartz,lead scientist at UC Berkeley’s Central Sierra Snow Laboratory.For humans,less snowfall is“problematic because snow supplies so much of our water,”says Schwartz.About1.9 billion people rely on snowpacks and big mass of ice for drinking water.Snow on the mountains acts like a natural lake used to store water.As it slowly melts into streams,snow supplies water through spring and summer,while rain flows immediately downstream and can be wasted.“It becomes more difficult to manage our water when we have these wild swings from year to year,”says Schwartz.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72．在面试时，他尽力表明自己经验丰富。
2018届青浦区中考英语二模试卷
青浦区2017学年度第二学期初三年级学业质量调研英语学科试卷 2018年4月(满分150分，考试时间：100分钟)考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分）Part I Listening （第一部分听力）A. Listen and choose the right picture （根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）6分1. _____2.______3.______4.______5._______6.______B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear （根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）8分7. A. A red sweater B.A green sweater C.A white sweater D.A yellow sweater 8. A.America B.France C.Japan D.Italy 9. A.By bus B.By bike C.On foot D.By taxi 10. A.Cool B.Warm C.Hot D.Cold 11. A.Because she wanted to be healthier B.Because swimming was funC.Because skating was difficult to learnD.Because she lived in Canada12. A.In a cinema B.In a library C.In a train D.In a hospital 13. A.He will make a phone call to them B.He will see the movie with themC.He has seen the movie beforeD.He will not meet Jenny tomorrow 14. A.How to use the four skills B.The easy way of reading and writing C.How to learn English faster D.The importance of practicing EnglishC. Listen to the dialogue and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）6分 15. Betty calls the Helpline because she has a problem with her friend.16. If Betty wants to get help,she should tell the Helpline who her friend is.…………………密○……………………………………封○……………………………………○线……………………………17.Betty and her friend are in different schools,and they keep in touch with each other.18.This term Betty went to see her friend,but she refused to speak to her.19.The helpline asks Betty to write a letter to her friends,or she will probably feel lonely.20.At last Betty manages to get some advice from the Friendship Helpline.D.Listen to the dialogue and tell whether the following statements are true or false.10分21.In Denmark（丹麦）,the schools set up by parents have to follow _____ ______ courses（课程）.22.Some of the schools are called “small schools”,but a school must have at least _____ _____.23.Many parents of Cooleenbridge School came from Germany,England and _____ _____ of Ireland（爱尔兰）24.Cooleenbridge School is also a small school,and it was started _____ _____ 1986.25.The teachers of the school think the important thing in school is _____,not ______.第二部分：基础知识（共四节，50分）I.单项填空（共20小题，每小题1 分，共20 分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018静安区、青浦区中考二模英语试卷
静安区、青浦区2018年初三英语二模练习（十一）（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟）2018.5考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
Part 1 Listening（第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30分)A.Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6分)B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)：(8分)7. A) Rainy. B) Cloudy. C) Sunny. D) Windy.D) Sheep.8. A) Dogs. B) Horses. C) Cats.9. A) In a restaurant.10. A) By taxi.11. A) Amazing. B) At a post office.B) On foot.C) In a library.C) By bus.D) In a shop.D) By bike.D) Terrible.B) Generous. C) Boring.12. A) Teacher and student. B) TV host and guest.C) Policeman and driver. D) Shop assistant and customer.13. A) Because she is too busy.B) Because she is ill in bed.C) Because her school network doesn't work.D) Because she has no computer at home.14. A) The class teacher missed the morning meeting.B) The class teacher was looking for the boy all morning.C) Alice was having a morning meeting on "how to keep the classroom clean".D) Some plans on "how to keep the classroom clean" were discussed at the meeting.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容,符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示) (7分)15. A rich man hired (雇佣) a little girl to count his money to know how much money he had.16. The little girl spent six days counting the rich man's twenty-four million dollars,17. The little girl was so foolish that she asked only two pennies for her first-day work.18. The rich man felt happy because he thought he would pay only a very few dollars.19. The rich man signed a contract (~'M) with the girl in order not to let her change her mind.20. At the end of the story, the little girl got the twelve pennies in all for her six-day work.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences （听短文，完成下列内容。
上海市奉贤区2018届高三二模英语试题 ---精校Word版含答案
1. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Time to End LonelinessUS author Henry Rollins once wrote: "Loneliness adds beauty to life. It puts a special burn on sunsets and makes night air smell better. Indeed, in the eyes of artists, loneliness never seems to go out of style. There are paintings that portray loneliness, songs that (21)_______ (inspire) by loneliness, and many works of literature that center around this theme.In the eyes of UK economist Rachel Reeves, however, loneliness is far from romantic. Instead, it's a "giant evil" that's become a serious problem in the country.On Jan 17, UK Prime Minister Theresa May appointed politician Tracey Crouch as the country’s very first "Minister for Loneliness". Her job is (22)______ (deal) with the loneliness that the country's been feeling—a problem which, according to UK government research, is affecting more than 9 million people in the country, and (23)______be more harmful to one's physical and mental health than smoking 15 cigarettes a day.Back in 2014, the UK was given the title of the "loneliness capital of Europe" by The Telegraph. A survey carried out by the newspaper found that British people were (24)______ (likely) to get to know their neighbours or build strong relationships with people than those from other European countries.But this doesn't mean it is the problem (25)_____ (affect) Britons only. In fact,were all suffering from loneliness now more than ever, in spite of most of the world now being linked to the internet, (26)______ has enabled us to be more connected than ever.(27)________ we need, according to Kim Leadbetter, sister of the late UK politician Jo Cox, is to have "proper human connections"."Our lives nowadays are so busy. We spend the vast majority of our time on our phones, on our laptops. (28)_______ _______ _______ busy we are, we need to press pause on that and actually sit down and speak to human beings," Leadbetter said at an event last year.But the first steps toward (29)_______ (fight) this problem are to accept its existence and not be ashamed or frightened by it. After all, (30)______ loneliness, many beautiful paintings, songs, and literary works wouldn't even exist. Whether it is "evil" or not, being lonely is simply part of the experience of being humman. Section BDirection: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Robots Writing NewspapersWhether it's robots working as hotel receptionists or artificial intelligence creating poetry, it's becoming more and more common to read about technology doing the jobs of humans. And now, it seems that software is even 31 of writing news stories—such as the very one you're reading.BBC News 32 reported that the Press Association(PA), a UK news service, has created a computer program that's competent to create articles that are almost impossible to tell apart from those written by human journalists. Called "robo-journalism" by BBC News, such software "teaches" itself by 33 thousands of news stories written by humans. The PA's software is already so advanced that manyUK newspapers and websites publish articles created by it.According to the Reuters Institute of Journalism, many publishers are using robo-journalism to 34 interesting information quickly, from election results to official 35 on social issues. For example, US news organization The Washington Post has its own robo-journalism software, Heliograf.According to tech website Digiday, Heliograf "wrote" over 850 articles in 2017, as well as hundreds of social media 36 .So what does this mean for regular journalists? "We're naturally cautious about any technology that could replace human beings." Fredrick Kunkle, a Washington Post reporter, told Wired. "But this technology seems to have taken over only some of the work that nobody else wants to do."Indeed, it appears that robo-journalism software is 37 to help humans, rather than take away their jobs."In the future, Heliograf could do things like searching the web to see what people are talking about, checking The Washington Post to see if that story is being 38 , and, if not, alerting editors or just writing the piece itself, Wired reporter Joe Keoha wrote.However, Joshua Benton at Harvard university's Nieman Journalism Lab believes that while robo-journalism is 39 going to become more present in newsrooms, nothing can replace traditional human creativity."Good journalism is not just a matter of inputs and outputs, it is a craft that has developed over decades," he told BBC news."The really difficult part of what professional journalists do—carefully 40 information and presenting balanced, contextualized(全景式的) stones—will be very hard for machines to master."III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard 41 :keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity? Do some kinds of personalities 42 longer lives?A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by 43 the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing more 44 and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people, long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a(n) 45 life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: Those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough 46 to make it through tough times.Interestingly, 47 , other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, 48 , were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being 49 to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your 50 as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should 51 to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mothers personality may also help 52 your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28, 000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids 53 diets, Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn't destin(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health. Therefore, it might be 54 to form those personality traits contributing to longevity through health-related behaviours, stress reduction and 55 to the challenging problems.41. A. statements B. definitions C. applicationsD. explanations42. A. result from B. lead to C. rely onD. consist of43. A. assessing B. interviewing C. examining D. diagnosing44. A. active B. extensive C. persuasiveD. sensitive45. A. agreeable B. normal C. changeableD. formal46. A. resources B. associations C. proceduresD. interactions47. A. therefore B. however C. furthermore D. otherwise48. A. in other words B. as usual C. in addition D. for instance49. A. resistant B. open C. blindD. alert50. A. perspective B. ambition C. personality D. philosophy51. A. reject B. strive C. claimD. oppose52. A. extend B. restrict C. shorten D. determine53. A. unhealthy B. nutritious C. adequate D. moderate54. A. predictable B. advisable C. sustainableD. enjoyable55. A. temptation B. introduction C. adaptation D. objectionSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr. Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr. Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever- frugal (一惯节省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking all city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate meal including his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: "Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your accomplishments!" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read: "Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though you did not get the increase."Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michaels plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael______.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanC. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to a disaster.B. Michael had worked very hard and done his part for the company.C. Michael's boss agreed to his request.D. One of Michael's colleagues had told his wife the good news.59. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Michael's wife, Cassie?A. Passionate, thoughtful and talented.B. Considerate, generous and reliable.C. Decisive, optimistic and energetic.D. Caring, tolerant and supportive.BEight Days from just E399Departs May—October 2018Includes:●Return flights from 8 UK airports to Naples●Return airport to hotel transport●Seven nights' accommodation at the 3☆ Hotel Nice●The services of guides●Government taxesJoin us for a wonderful holiday in one of Europe's most wonderful comers. Long a favourite with holidaymakers —indeed the ancient Romans called the area "happy land" —this simply attractive coastline of colourful towns, splendid views and the warm Mediterranean Sea is a perfect choice for a truly memorable holiday!Choose between the peaceful traditional village of Sant' Agata, set on a hillside six miles from Sorrento, or the more lively and well—known international resort town of Sorrento, with wonderful views over the Bay of Naples.Breathtaking scenery and famous sights everywhere. From the legendary Island of Capri to the haunting ruins of Pompeii and from the unforgettable "Amalfi Drive" to the delightful resorts of Positano, Sorrento and Ravello, the area is a feast for the eyes! Should you choose to join us, we know that you will not be disappointed!With a choice of hotels and optional excursions including Capri, Pompei and the "Amalfi Drive", this is a truly unmissable holiday.Price based on two tourists sharing a twin / double room at the Hotel Nice.Like to know more? Then telephone Newmarket Air Holidays Ltd on: 0845-226-7766(All calls charged at local rates).60. All the following are included in the price of ￡399 EXCEPT_______.A. transport between the airport and the hotelB. telephone calls made by touristsC. the services of guides to touristsD. double rooms for every two tourists61. What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?A. To invite people to take a breath in the Bay of Naples.B. To advise people to telephone Newmarket Air Holidays Ltd.C. To persuade people to tour in the area of the Mediterranean Sea.D. To attract people to go to Sant' Agata or Sorrento for sightseeing.62. The underlined part "the area is a feast for the eyes" in the passage mean_______.A. the area is pleasing to the eyeB. the area is really unforgettableC. the area catches the tourists' eyeD. the area is crowded with touristsC"Monday morning feeling "could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.he risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2, 600 Germans revealed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 per cent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 am on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr. Stefan Willich of the Free University. "We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol (胆固醇)but we don't know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can 't make specific recommendations about how to prevent them," he said.Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work. "When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal(荷尔蒙的) changes in their bodies.” Willich explained. “All these things can have an unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot(血凝块) in the arteries(动脉) which will cause a heart attack. "When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higherworkload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity," said willich. "We need to know how these events cause changes in the body before we can understand if they cause heart attacks."But although it is tempting to believe that returning to work increases the risk of a heart attack, both Willich and the Italian researchers admit that it is only a partial answer. Both studies showed that the over 65s are also vulnerable on Monday morning even though most no longer work. The reason for this is not clear, but the Italian team speculated that the social interactions-the thought of facing another week and all its pressures—may play a part.What is clear, however, is that the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from the northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of the differences in diet and lifestyle.63. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. 20% of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks.B. 33% of the Germans have heart diseases, so heart attacks are more common inGermany than in any other country.C. The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any otherday of the week to non-workers.D. non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays.64. The over 65s are more likely to suffer from heart attacks on Monday mornings possibly because ______.A. they are afraid of returning to workB. they are reluctant to face the pressures of another weekC. most of them are not in good healthD. they are much busier on Mondays than on any other days of the week65. In the following research, Dr. Willich will probably try to find out______.A. if smoking and cholesterol will cause heart attackB. if increase in blood pressure, heart rate and hormonal changes will cause heart attacksC. on which day people are least likely to have a heart attackD. if events like higher workload, more stress and so on will cause heart attacks.66. What is the best title for the passage?A. Causes of Heart Attacks on Mondays.B. Warning: Mondays Are Bad for Your Heart.C. The Overweight and Smokers Risk Heart Attacks on Mondays.D. Reduce Your Chance of Having Heart Attacks on Mondays.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.You won't have any excuse to skip class anymore. French startup Open Classrooms is offering the first state-recognized bachelor degree in France that uses only MOOCs(massive open online courses). The startup partnered with IESA Multimedia to create this program.There are three learning paths in engineering, design and marketing Students will have to complete all the courses and required projects in order to get their degree.67 IESA is already working on 40 different MOOCS for this program.On average, it will take a year of hard work in order to complete all the classes. As always, it's hard to keep going when you sign up for a MOOC. 68 This kind of degree has many key advantages. For IESA, it gives the school more students. IESA is a private school, and its end goal is to make as much money as possible. So with these new Mooc students, IESA will be able to get more money per teacher onaverage.69 The startup already offers a course for e20 per month, but you need to pay E300 per month for the Premium Plus offering to use the state-recognized program. it's unclear how much Open Classrooms will keep, but it should be more than €20 per month.For students, it's a cheaper way to get a degree. Maybe you can't afford to study for three years at IESA and pay €6,950 per year. 70 Sure, it's probably a less enjoyable experience than going to your school and spending time with other students and teachers, but it makes sense for some students.It's an interesting new direction for Open Classrooms, and I can't wait to see whether other schools will start working with the startup to provide online courses. It will be interesting to see whether the first students are satisfied with this kind of degree as well.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The sharing economy has grown in recent years to include everything from apartment sharing to car sharing to community tool sharing.Since 2009, a new form of the sharing economy has been emerging in neighbourhoods throughout the US and around the world - Little Free Libraries. The libraries are boxes put in neighbourhoods from which local people can take out and put in books. Little Free Libraries come in all shapes and sizes. Some libraries also have themes, focusing on books for children, adults or tour guides.In 2009, Tod Bol built the first Little Free Library in the Mississippi River town of Hudson, Wisconsin, to honour his mother, who loved reading. When he saw the people of his community gathering around it, exchanging conversation as well as books, he knew he wanted to take his simple idea further.Since then, his idea has become a movement, spreading from state to state and country to country. According to LittleFreelibrary. org. there are now 18,000 of the little boxes around the world, found in each of the 50 US states and 70 countriesin Europe, Africa and Asia.The Internet has helped to spread Little Free Libraries. But an Atlantic article said that they are something different in a world of e-reader downloads. The little wooden boxes are refreshingly physical and human. when you open the door of the box, chance and your neighbours' tastes determine what you'll find. You might find a graphic novel, a cookbook or a tour guidebook.For many people, this sense of discovery is Little Free Libraries main appeal. "A girl walking home from school might pick up a graphic novel that gets her excited about reading, a man on his way to the bus stop might find a book of poetry that changes his view on life, said The Atlantic article. "Every book is a potential source of inspiration."V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.与家人外出度假日益受到人们的推崇。
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小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
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小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语
小学英语、英语课件、英语教案、小学英语试题、英语导学案、英语单词短语