英语阅读理解主旨大意题的解题技巧
英语阅读理解主旨大意题的解题技巧 高考英语阅读理解主要考查考生能够在单位时间内快速阅读英语短文，了解短文的主题思想，对文中信息进行分析、推理、判断，并把握上下文事实、细节之间的时空顺序和逻辑关系，理解作者的意图、态度以及文章寓意的能力。综观历年阅读理解题的设问，我们可以看出：试题设问手法灵活、提问深入，而且语篇意识进一步加强了；不仅要求学生理解文章的字面意思，还要求学生理解文章的内在含义。 阅读理解的考查题型主要有六大类：细节理解题，推理判断题，主旨大意题，词义猜测题，判断作者意图、态度、观点题和判断文章的基本结构题。其中，主旨大意题型旨在考察考生通过快速阅读获取语篇的中心思想的能力，以及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。要求考生运用逻辑概括能力，从文章的字里行间获取文章中的代表性观点和中心论点。主旨大意题是考生容易出错的题型之一，错误主要表现为：概括文章中心时以偏概全（只见树木不见森林），概括性不够，或者概括过度，超出了文本的内容，缺乏针对性。高考阅读理解主旨大意题型的命题形式主要有： 1. The main topic/subject of the passge is _____. 2. What is mainly discussed in the text/X paragraph？ 3. What is the main idea of the passage？ 4. The purpose of this passage is _____. 5. The passage mainly focused on _____. 6. What would be the best title/topic/headline of the text？ 上述命题形式大致可以概括为三类：选择段落或文章的主题思想、写作目的和标题。下面结合高考实例来分析主旨大意题的解题技巧。 一、 文章或者某段落的主旨大意——主题句定位法 众所周知，文章是由段落组成，每个段落都是围绕某个中心思想展开的一群句子的组合，而段落的中心思想又是为文章主旨服务的。寻找文章中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每一小段的主题句，然后通过寻找共同点，找出整个文章的主题句，这是找准文章主题大意的关键。主题句是文章的核心，它往往是一个有很强概括性和代表性的句子。找到了文章的主题句，文章的中心思想也就显而易见了。但是由于文章表现手法各不相同，主题句出现的位置也不尽相同。在多数情况下，尤其在说明文和议论文中，主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种：开头、文中和文末。解题时，我们通常采用浏览的方式，仔细选读文章的首尾段和首尾句（包括每一段的首尾句），重点搜索主题线索和脉络。下面阐述五种主题呈现的方式： 1．开门见山式 主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、论证或发展主题思想。这种写作手法叫做演绎法，在英语文章中尤为常见，这种文章的主题句最容易找到，故主题思想显而易见。 例1（2005年全国高考重庆卷E篇）： In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad，that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people. 第71题：What does this passage mainly talk about？ A.Competition helps to set up self-respect. B.Opinions about competition are different among people. C.Competition is harmful to personal quality development. D. Failures are necessary experience in competition. 浏览文章，我们看到文中第一句“In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition.”（现代社会，关于竞争有很多争议）便提出
了文章的中心论点，所以答案为B。 2．藏头露尾式 主题句出现在文尾。即文章先阐述了细节，然后归纳要点，得出结论，概括主题，叫做归纳写作法，主题句往往位于末段。这一类文章的主题句也很明显，不难找到。 例2： On the Internet, we can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we can. We often send e-mails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internet. What’s more, we can go to school on the net, read a lot of books and even teach ourselves foreign languages. We also enjoy music, watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. With the help of the net, we can do shopping even without leaving our homes. The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. 题目为：What’s the main idea of the passage？ A. Keep away from the Internet. B. Surf the net. C. The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life. D. We can entertain ourselves on the Internet. 在浏览全文后，发现文章最后一句“The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.”（因特网在我们的生活中起着越来越
重要的作用）是全文的主题句。A项（远离网络）与主题不符。B项（上网）过于笼统。D项（网上娱乐）只不过是短文中的一个细节，不全面。所以答案为C。 3．首尾呼应式 在有些文章中，为了突出主题，作者在文章开头提出主题，接着进行阐述或论证，在结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也很常见。值得注意的是，前后两个主题句不是简单的重复，再次出现的主题句往往是前面主题句的进一步引申或发展。 例3： Lacrosse(曲棍球) is a popular sport in Canada. The Indians in Canada invented it. They used it to train for war. They invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World. People play lacrosse outdoors. The lacrosse field is seven meters long. At each end of the field there is a goal. The goal is… There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over Canada. Every night Canadians can watch the lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio. At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in Canada. Today it is still popular with Canadians. 题目为：The passage is mainly about . A. How to Play Lacrosse B. Lacrosse in Canada C. The History of Lacrosse D. Lacrosse—A Popular Game in Canada 浏览全文，我们发现作者先后两次提到“曲棍球在加拿大很受欢迎”，开头的“Lacrosse (曲棍球) is a popular sport in Canada.”和末段的“Today it is still popular with Canadians.”显然选项D最符合短文的主题。 4．抛砖引玉式 即文章的开头只是提出一个问题或者貌似正确的观点，而真正的主题则是通过对问题的解析和引申，或是通过责问和驳论的方式导出主题。 例4（2005年北京卷C篇）： How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments－mostly for entertainment purposes－is fair and respectful？ Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats (栖息地). … Zoos claim (声称) to educate people and save endangered species(物种), but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals’ natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty…. … Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitat and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals’ natural habitats. 第66题： What does the author try to argue in the passage？ A.Zoos are not worth the public support. B.Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals. C.Zoos should treat animals as human beings. D.Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment. 文章开头提出了问题（How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments－mostly for entertainment purposes－is fair and respectful？），然后通过责问的方式，驳斥貌似正确的观点，逐步解析，最后得出正确的结论，也就是对文章开头的问题作了回答，即不应该支持动物园而应该支持在自然环境下保护动物的做法。所以正确答案是A。 5．藏龙卧虎式 即主题句隐含在全文当中，没有明确的主题句。阅读这样的文章，要求考生根据文章的细节来分析、概括推导出文章的主题。具体方法是：首先弄清楚各个
中学英语阅读理解解题技巧主旨大意型
In Britain you may often hear“Drop in any time”or“ Come to see me soon”， but you can't really do that.People just say those things to make you feel welcome.It is better to telephone before visiting someone at home. If you receive a written invitation to an event that says“RSVP”， you should reply to let the person who sent the invitation know whether or not you plan to go.
( D )1. What’s the best title(标题) for the article?
A. A kind Mother B. A Lovely Young Woman C. A Poor Boy D. A Glass of Milk
A poor boy lived in a small town. He sold goods from door to door to pay for school. One day, he had only one cent left, and he was hungry. He decided that he would ask for a meal at the next house. However, when a young woman opened the door, the boy was shy, so he just asked for some water. The woman knew he was hungry, so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much should I pay for it？” “You won't pay for it. My mother has told me that it is good to help the people who are in trouble.” She replied. The boy said, “Then I thank you from my heart.” As the boy left that house, he felt stronger. He knew he had many things to do.
03 阅读专项之主旨大意题-2024高考英语重点题型
wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.” In March 2008, Ginni boarded
a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing
portions（份）, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social
influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women
主题句通常在首段
记人
主题句通常在末段
记事
主题句通常在首段或末段
主题句通常在首段或根据小标题来判断
议论文
主题句通常在首段或末段
文章大意题之学以致用
B Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills. Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age. “The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转 )and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement. The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higherincome parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls. The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
最新英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
课堂探究1：
A
JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students —18 boys and 2 girls — had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top run out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest on Tuesday evening. The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students This story is mainly about ______ under the news age of 14. "Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can A. when the contest started figure them out. It is just unbelievable!" said a teacher from Guangdong B. how the contest got its name province. Named after China's most famous mathematician, Hua Luogeng, the C. the 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest started in 1986, one year after his death. In less than 10 years, it contest has been recognized by the State Education Commission (国家教委) as the country's biggest and best contest of its kind.
英语主旨大意题解题技巧
英语主旨大意题解题技巧摘要：1.概述英语主旨大意题的重要性2.解析英语主旨大意题的题型分类3.详述解题步骤与策略4.总结提高解题能力的建议正文：在英语学习中，主旨大意题是一项关键技能，它能检验学生对文章中心思想的理解和把握。
掌握此类题目的解题技巧，对于提高英语阅读理解能力具有重要意义。
下面我们将详细解析英语主旨大意题的解题技巧与策略。
一、概述英语主旨大意题的重要性英语主旨大意题旨在测试考生对文章核心思想的把握，以及对文章结构、作者观点和意图的理解。
这种题目在各类英语考试中都有所体现，如高考、四六级、考研等。
掌握主旨大意题的解题技巧，有助于提高阅读理解的速度和准确率，从而在整体上提升英语成绩。
二、解析英语主旨大意题的题型分类1.归纳文章标题：要求考生根据文章内容为文章选择一个合适的标题。
2.判断文章类型：要求考生识别文章的体裁，如叙述、议论、说明等。
3.提炼文章主题：要求考生从文章中找出中心思想或主旨。
4.分析作者观点和意图：要求考生理解作者的态度、观点和写作目的。
5.判断文章结构：要求考生分析文章的篇章结构，如总分总、因果关系等。
三、详述解题步骤与策略1.快速浏览全文，把握文章大意。
2.仔细阅读问题，明确题目要求。
3.分析文章结构，寻找关键词和主题句。
4.对比选项，筛选符合题意的答案。
5.如有疑问，可再次阅读文章，确认答案。
四、总结提高解题能力的建议1.增加阅读量：多阅读不同类型的英语文章，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
2.培养文本分析能力：学会识别文章结构、作者观点和意图。
3.注重词汇积累：熟练掌握各类词汇，提高阅读理解水平。
4.加强练习：多做主旨大意题，总结经验，不断提高解题技巧。
通过以上分析，我们可以看出，英语主旨大意题的解题技巧关键在于对文章结构的把握、关键词的识别以及选项的分析和比较。
专题 阅读理解主旨大意题---2023年高考英语二轮复习专题
recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
阅读理解专项——主旨大意题课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
plastic products. 主题句 概括了本文的主要内容
故选D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures 海洋塑料转化为雕塑
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,”…
3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式
(1) The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that . (2) What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with? (3) Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph one? (4) What’s the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?
可知，独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the
高考英语阅读主旨大意题解题技巧教师版
高考英语阅读专题之要旨粗心题对于要旨粗心题的高考考试说明每篇文章都会有一个要旨要义。
有时从文章第一个段落甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的要旨要义，从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描绘的是谁或什么（即文章的主题），亦会认识到作者希望读者认识主题方面的哪些容。
有时，作者没有明示文章的要旨要义，需要读者从文章的字里行间进行归纳和归纳。
一、要旨粗心题的命题形式这种试题包含要求考生选出短文的标题(title, headline) 、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea) 、作者的写作目的(purpose 或为传达信息、或为欢乐读者、或为论述某一道理)等。
这种题的设问方式主要有：(1)The subject of the passage/paragraph is ______.(2)The main idea of the passage/paragraph is ______.(3)The text is mainly about ______.(4)The passage mainly centers on ______.(5)The passage mainly tells about ______.(6)What is the subject discussed in the text?(7)What is the main idea of this passage?(8)What is the passage mainly about?(9)What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?(10)What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(11)Which of the following is the best title for the passage?(12)Which title best gives the idea of the passage?(13)What would be the best title for the text?(14)What might be the most suitable title for the passage?(15)The best headlines for this newspaper article would be______(16)The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about ______.(17)The writer's purpose in writing this story is ______.(18)What is the author's main purpose?(19)What does the writer really want to tell us in this passage?(20)The writer wrote the story in order to______.(21)What is the advice given in the text / passage / article?二、找寻主题句的方法正确的解答这种题目的重点是正确地找出文章的主题句。
【原创】初中英语阅读理解主旨大意题之解题技巧
shows old toothbrushes bring disease. You should often change your toothbrush. Exercise
Swimming, running, skating, skiing, dancing, walking and some other activities can help you stay healthy. You should exercise at least three times a week and for twenty minutes or more each time. Do it. Plan out your life
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。主题句可 能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或 总结。
二、解题技巧：主旨大意藏首尾，阅读技巧是关键
⑴寻找主题句，从而抓住全段的中心思想：主题句通常位于段首第一句或第 二句，但也有可能在段尾或段中。首段出现疑问句时,对该问题的解答就是文 章主旨。段落中出现转折时,该句很可能是主题句。作者有意识的反复重复的 观点通常是主旨。 ⑵概括全文，寻找文章的中心思想：做这道题得从整体把握概括全文，不能 只依据只言片语或只看文章的某一段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排， 理解 文章所写的“重心”，考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析 文章的写作方向是围绕什么中心来安排的。 ⑶概括的、抽象的、与中心思想核心名词沾边的是正确选项。 （4）在处理文章标题的选择时，要避免下列三种错误：
高中英语阅读理解题型之主旨大意题
高中英语阅读理解题型之主旨大意题阅读理解——主旨大意题的解题方法。
主旨大意题是阅读理解中要求较高，难度较大的题型之一，是很能体现试题区分度的题型。
主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的大意，标题或写作目的设题。
这类题目考查的范围是：基本论点，文章标题、主题或段落大意等。
它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题Ⅰ. 主旨大意题题型特点和命题形式设题类型：概括中心思想（main idea）型；确定文章标题或主题（topic / title/ headline）型；问文章的写作目的（purpose）.常见的设题方式：The main idea / The general idea / The main theme of this passage is ______.The passage chiefly deals with / focuses on _____.Which of the following best describes / expresses the main idea / point of the passage?What is mainly discussed in the passage /text?What is the topic of the passage?The best title / headline for the passage might be ______.The text /passage could be entitled______.Which / What could be the best title for the passage？The main purpose of the passage is probably to tell ______.The author is primarily concerned with _______.Ⅱ. 主旨大意题的解题技巧做主旨大意题常用略读法。
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧摘要：毫无疑问，阅读理解在英语能力考查中占着举足轻重的地位，考纲中明确要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
并规定：考生应能理解主旨要义，理解具体信息，根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义，作出判断和推理，理解文章的基本结构，并理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
而大多数的高三英语老师都有这样的体会：在对每次考试进行总结时，都会发现学生在阅读理解这一部分失分最多的就是主旨大意题，所以我们在复习备考中要予以重视，只有了解此题型的特点及解题技巧，才能对症下药，减少失分。
本文结合近几年的高考新课标全国卷的一些典型例题来谈谈主旨大意题的特点及解题技巧。
关键词：阅读理解主旨大意题，解题技巧一、定义主旨大意题主要是考查考生略读文章，领会大意的能力，它对考生的归纳，概括能力有一定的要求，一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题、标题或目的设题。
二、常见主旨大意题题目类型1.概括文章主题思想2.选出文章最佳标题3.推断文章出处4.推断文章读者5.推断文章目的6.推断作者态度7.推断文章类型三、常见主旨大意题提问方式1. What is the main idea of paragraph 1? (2012, 课标全国卷1)2. What may be the best title for the text? (2016,课标全国卷1)3. Where does this text probably come from? (2013, 课标全国卷1)4. The text is especially helpful for those who care about _____.(2015,课标全国卷2)5. What does the author want to tell us? (2013, 课标全国卷1)6. What is the author’s opinion on cramming? (2012, 课标全国卷1)7. What type of writing is this text? (2014, 课标全国卷1)四、各类型主旨大意题典型实例及解题技巧1.概括文章主题思想实例1 (2012, 课标全国卷)Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" orremember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. 67. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?解题思路：一篇文章或一段文章主题思想的标志性语句往往出现在第一句或最后一句，而本篇第一段的主题思想在第一句有明显体现，见加粗部分，讲的是成年人经常感叹他们对儿时学过的东西记得特别好，可以轻松地选出正确答案A。