grammar-(modal-verbs)
Module 4 Unit2 Grammar and Usage的教学设计
Module 4 Unit2 Grammar and Usage-----Modal Verbs教学设计一．教学内容分析本课是牛津高中英语必修教材Modal 4 Unit2 Sporting Events 中的Grammar and Usage(语法与运用)。
本单元的语法项目是情态动词。
情态动词在初中课程中就出现过，情态动词的用法复杂又繁多，比较零散，这些特点都给学生学习情态动词的用法造成一定的困难。
基于以上特点，本课时通过语法规则的讲解与呈现，让学生比较全面系统地掌握情态动词的语法知识。
通过本节课的教学，学生能够首先了解情态动词的基本特征和在句子中表达各种语气的功能，其次，学生能够系统掌握情态动词的基本用法，并在口语和书面表达上能够更加准确、流畅地表达自己。
二．学生学习情况分析情态动词在初中课程中就出现过，学生对于情态动词的基本概念和知识已有一定的基础。
但是，由于情态动词的用法复杂又繁多，在实际教学中教师往往是花费了大量精力时间将情态动词的用法逐个讲解并设计练习题让学生进行操练，学生在依然是一头雾水。
究其原因，主要是学生一味被动地接受并识记教师所教授的情态动词用法，对于情态动词多而杂的用法未进行归纳总结，对于部分情态动词的用法掌握不全面，以致于对于情态动词的用法掌握陷入混乱的状态，就如有位老教师曾经这样一个成语描述学生学习情态动词的状况-----为“情”所困。
三．设计思想首先，“四段式”教学模式的指导思想要使学生“动”起来。
建构主义学习理论认为教学不是通过教师向学生单向传递知识就可以完成的，知识不只是通过教师传授得到的，而是学习者在一定的情境即社会文化背景下，借助其他人（包括教师和学习伙伴）的帮助，利用必要的学习资料，通过“意义建构”的方式而获得的。
教师不能直接将知识传递给学生，而是要组织、引导，使学生参与到整个学习过程中去。
其次，综观历年高考英语情态动词的考查情况，有相当一部分考题从本质上看都是考查情态动词在具体语境中的运用。
modal verbs学生版
名师精编 优秀教案 Module 4 unit2 Grammar and usage A true friend is the best possession. 真诚的朋友是最宝贵的财富。 Learning aims: Master the usage of some common modal verbs; Know how to use them correctly; Develop the sense of cooperation. Step 1: 读一读：（下划线句中情态动词） 1． Now, many of us can speak English quite well, but a few years ago, we couldn’t. 2． My brother is able to dive under water for 10 minutes. 3． You should respect your parents. 4． I have to finish the work before 7 o’clock. 5． You must work hard to achieve your life goal. 6． Shall we carry the books for you? 7． You needn’t do that if you don’t want to. 8． The little girl dare not go out alone at night. 9． Will he pay for me? Step 2: 学一学： 体会下列各情态动词的用法 一、 Can/ could/ be able to 1. He can play basketball very well. 2. Can I use your pen? 3. Could you give me a piece of paper? 4．Mary can't be in Paris，for I saw her in the town only a few minutes ago． 用法总结：can表示1. ____________ 2. ______________ 3. _____________ 比较下面两个句子，体会can与be able to用法的不同 5． My brother can play table tennis. 6． My brother is able to dive under water for 10 minutes. 表示“能够”之意时， Can 强调____________________________________________________________; be able to 强调_______________________________________________________. 选择：＊He didn’t agree with me at first, but I ______________persuade him. ＊She ___________sing when she was young. (was able to; could) 二、may/ might 1. What is the weather like in Zhuzhou? ---It may be sunny. 2. What is the weather going to be like in Guang Zhou? ---It might have strong wind. 3. May I come in? 4. May you succeed! 用法总结：may/might表示1. ____________ 2. __________ 3. _____________ 三、must/have to 1. You must wear your school uniform. 2．You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 3．My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 用法总结：must 表示1.__________________ 2. ____________________ 名师精编 优秀教案 Have to 表示______________. 当表示“必须”时，must 与 have to的区别是： _________________________________________________________________ 4 . 特别注意： 1) You don’t have to tell him about it. You mustn’t tell him about it. mustn’t 意为_____________________ don’t have to 意为 ______________________ 2) ---Must I finish my homework today? --- Yes, you ______________. / No, you _____________________. 四、shall/should 1. What shall we do now? 2. You shall get a gift from me if you can solve this problem. 3. You shall not pass the examination if you don’t work hard. 4. Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving. 5. You should go to class right away. 用法总结：shall 表示1.___________ 2. ____________ 3. __________ 4. ______________ Should 表示 ________________; 可以用_____________替换。 五、will/ would 1. I will never do that again. 2. Every day he will sit there hour after hour doing nothing. 3. Will you help me with my work? 4. Would you mind opening the window? 5. When he was young, he would take a walk along the river every morning. 用法总结：will表示1._________________ 2. ________________ 3. _________________ Would表示1.______________________________ 2. _____________________ 六、need/dare 1. You needn’t tell him the news now. 2. --- Need I hand in my homework right now? --- Yes, you must./ No, you needn’t. (____________________) 3. The little girl dare not go out alone at night. 4. He needs to finish it this evening. 5. I don’t know how she dares to wear that dress. 用法总结： 1)need意为___________; dare意为____________. 2)need/dare 既可作_____________, 也可作___________.作情态动词使用时，一般只用于 ___________________ 中。 3)注意need/dare作情态动词和实义动词时相应的否定形式的构成。
情态动词用法大全
2) 行为动词 行为动词dare后面跟不定式时，在下述三种情 后面跟不定式时， 后面跟不定式时 况之一时可省去不定式符号to 况之一时可省去不定式符号 与助动词连用时（即用于否定，疑问句） 与助动词连用时（即用于否定，疑问句） e.g., He doesn’t dare (to) go to the forest done at night. Do you dare (to) touch the tiger in the case? 与never连用时 连用时 e.g., The man never dares (to) do anything without his owner’s permission. 出现在WH(连接代词 引导的名词从句中时 连接代词)引导的名词从句中时 当dare出现在 出现在 连接代词 e.g., They wonder why the little boy dares (to) live in such a dangerous place.
3. 情态动词 情态动词will, shall 还可用作助动词，用于将来时 还可用作助动词， e.g., We shall/will go home next weekend He will come here again when he is free. Cf. If you will come, he will meet you If you come, he will meet you.
5. dare, need 还可用作行为动词，后面可跟加 的不定式 还可用作行为动词，后面可跟加to的不定式 试比较，A. who dare do it? B.He dares to do it. A.He needn’t do it B.he needs to do it 上述句子中A句为含情态动词的句子，B句中dare. need 均为行为动词 的某些特殊用法。 ◎注意动词 dare 的某些特殊用法。 1）在下列句子中只可用情态动词 ）在下列句子中只可用情态动词dare，不可用行为动词 ， dare How dare you say I am unfair? I dare say,…. (**I dare to say, … X ) e.g., Don’t worry, sir. I dare say, nobody will come again.
modal verb(情态动词)
Modal Verb
什么是情态动词？ (Modal Verbs) 情态动词表示说话人的某种 感情或语气，对某一动作 或状态的某种态度。 表示“需要、可以、 必须、应当”等。
情态动词的语法特征
1. 情态动词不能单独做谓语，除ought 和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。 2. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有 些情态动词，如can, will也有一般式 和过去式的变化。
may 常用来表示： A. 表示请求、允许： B. 表示说话人的猜测: “也许” “可 能”: 通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。
C. 表示祝愿; 但语气较正式: might 的用法有: 多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允 许。如: She said that he might take her bike. 她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。
表示现在的许可，语气比may 较委婉，
一般用于疑问句（包括间接疑问句），
不可用于肯定句或者否定句。
如: Might I have a word with you?
我可以和你说句话吗？
will和would
1. will是助动词还是情态动词？
will用于构成将来时是助动词。
用于表示“意志”“决心”“请求”是
2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法:
部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的 考点之一。 mustn’t 不准; 禁止 needn’t 没必要 ( = don’t have to ) can’t 不能; 不可能 may not 不可以; 可能不 shouldn’t 不应该 ( = ought not to )
表示主语的义务或责任： You should take care of your sister. 你应当去照顾你妹妹。 或指出一个正确、明智的动作： They shouldn't allow parking here； the street is too narrow． 这儿不该允许停车；马路太窄了。
Modal verbs
U5 grammar modal verbs1.You ____phone him if you want to. But you ____. He’ll surely phone you.A. may, mustn’tB. have to ,needn’tC. might, won’tD. can, needn’t2.A left-luggage office is a place where bags _____ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A. shouldB. canC. mustD. will3---Will you stay for lunch?--- Sorry, ___ . My brother is coming to see me.A. I must n’tB. I can’tC. I needn’tD. I won’t4.It’s nearly 7 o’clock. Jack ___ be here at any momentA. mustB. needC. shouldD. can5.Don’t be worried. The news ____be true.A. can notB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. shan’t6. You ____ walk for miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.A. mustB. needC. mayD. should7.The traffic signs show clearly that people __ faster than the speed limit.A. do not driveB. will not driveC. may not driveD. might not drive8. “__ I stop here , sir?”“No, Go on to the next paragraph, please.”A. WillB. MayC. WouldD. Ought9.I’m afraid it ____rain tonight.A. canB. couldC. shouldD. might10.Are you coming to Jeff’s party?I’m not sure. I____ go to the concert instead.A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might11. ----I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins. ____I have a look? （02北京春考）----Yes, certainly.A. DoB. MayC. ShallD. Should12. Alice said she was really busy this week, but I think she _____show up at the party if she doesn’t have to work overtime on Friday.（05江苏）A. mightB. wouldC. mustD. shall13. ---Tom graduated from college at a very young age---Oh , he _____have been a very diligent boy then.A. couldB. shouldC. mightD. must14. Grandma __ run very fast when she was young .A. mustB. can’tC. must be able toD. must have been able to15. I didn’t hear the phone. I __ asleep.A. must beB. must have beenC. should beD. should have been16.The man didn’t answer me. I thought that he ____ deaf.A. isB. must beC. ought to beD. should be17.Do you know Ms Wang likes walking after supper?Sure. She____ around the campus now.A. must be walkingB. must walkC. may walkD. may be walking18. The light is still on. They ____ to turn it off when they left the room.A. must forgetB. must have forgottenC. may forgetD. could have forgotten19. ---Who is the girl standing over there?(04天津)----Well , if you ____know , her name is Mabel.A. mayB. canC. mustD. shall20.Johnny, you ____play with the knife. You ____hurt yourself.A. won’t , can’tB. mustn’t ，mayC. shouldn’t ，mustD. can’t ，shouldn’t21. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police?A. shouldB. mayC. willD. can22. My proposal is that we __ make a left turn, and then follow the main road.A. willB. shallC. shouldD. must23.____Mary, my daughter, help you keep a record of the participants that well compete for medals in athletics?Yes, that’s very kind of you.A. WillB. MustC. CanD. Shall24.There is a lot of smoke coming out of the building there.Really ? It ____be a fire, most probably.A. canB. ought toC. have toD. must25. If he started at nine o’clock , he ___ to be here by now.A. usedB. oughtC. shouldD. could26. ---You’ve left the light on.(00全国)---Oh, so I have .____and turn it off.A. I’ll goB. I’ve goneC. I goD. I’m going27. ---Write to me when you get there. （01北京春考）---_____.A. I mustB. I shouldC. I willD. I can28.---I don’t mind telling you what I know.(04江苏)---You ___, I’m not asking you for it.A. mustn’tB. may notC. can’tD. needn’t29. ---How much shall I pay for the phone call?（05北京模拟）---You____. This is free of charge.A. shouldn’tB. can’tC. don’t have toD. mustn’t30. Mr.Smith spent the weekend in the country as he ____go to the office on Saturday.A. needn’t have goneB. mustn’t goC. wasn’t necessary to goD. didn’t have toKeys: 1-5 DBBDA 6-10 CCBDD 11-15 BADDB 16-20 BABCB 21-25 ACDBB 26-31 ACDCD。
英语语法举例
英语语法举例全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Examples of English GrammarIntroduction:English grammar can be quite complex, with many rules and exceptions to remember. Understanding and applying these rules correctly is essential for effective communication in English. In this article, we will provide examples of some common grammar rules to help you improve your English language skills.Subject-Verb Agreement:One important rule in English grammar is subject-verb agreement. This means that the subject of a sentence must agree with the verb in terms of number (singular or plural). For example:- The dog barks loudly. (singular subject "dog" agrees with singular verb "barks")- The dogs bark loudly. (plural subject "dogs" agrees with plural verb "bark")Pronouns:Pronouns are words that are used in place of nouns to avoid repetition. Pronouns must agree with the nouns they refer to in gender, number, and person. For example:- She is a student. (singular female pronoun "she" refers to singular female noun "student")- They are students. (plural pronoun "they" refers to plural noun "students")Prepositions:Prepositions are words that show the relationship between two words or phrases in a sentence. Some common prepositions include "in," "on," "at," "by," "for," and "with." For example:- I am going to the store. (preposition "to" shows direction)- The book is on the table. (preposition "on" shows location)Articles:Articles are words used before nouns to show whether the noun is specific or general. There are three articles in English: "a," "an," and "the." For example:- A cat is an animal. (indefinite article "a" is used before the singular noun "cat")- The dog is my pet. (definite article "the" is used before the singular noun "dog")Tenses:English verbs have different tenses to show when an action takes place. Some common tenses include present, past, and future. For example:- She plays tennis every Sunday. (present tense)- She played tennis last week. (past tense)- She will play tennis tomorrow. (future tense)Modal Verbs:Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that are used to express necessity, possibility, ability, permission, or requests. Some common modal verbs include "can," "could," "may," "might," "must," "shall," "should," "will," and "would." For example:- You should study for the exam. (modal verb "should" expresses advice)- She can speak Spanish fluently. (modal verb "can" expresses ability)Relative Clauses:Relative clauses are used to provide additional information about a noun in a sentence. Relative clauses begin with relative pronouns such as "who," "which," "that," "whom," and "whose." For example:- The car that is parked outside is mine. (relative clause "that is parked outside" defines which car)- The girl who won the race is my sister. (relative clause "who won the race" defines which girl)Conclusion:English grammar is a fundamental aspect of the language that is essential for effective communication. By understanding and applying the rules of grammar correctly, you can improve your English language skills and communicate more clearly and effectively. The examples provided in this article are just a few of the many grammar rules in English, but they are a good starting point for mastering the basics. Keep practicing and learning, and you will become more proficient in English grammar over time.篇2Title: Examples of English GrammarEnglish grammar can be complicated, but understanding its rules is essential for communication. From basic sentence structure to more complex concepts, such as verb tenses and subject-verb agreement, a thorough knowledge of English grammar is crucial for effective writing and speaking. In this article, we will provide examples of various grammar rules to help you better understand how they work in practice.1. Subject-Verb AgreementSubject-verb agreement is the concept that the subject of a sentence must agree with the verb in number. For example:- The dog (singular subject) runs (singular verb) in the park.- The dogs (plural subject) run (plural verb) in the park.2. Verb TensesEnglish has several verb tenses, each indicating when an action occurred. For example:- Present simple: She works in a bank.- Past simple: She worked in a bank.- Present continuous: She is working in a bank.- Past continuous: She was working in a bank.3. ArticlesArticles are words used before nouns to indicate whether the noun is specific or general. For example:- The (definite article): The book is on the table.- A/an (indefinite article): I bought a book yesterday.4. PrepositionsPrepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence. For example:- She is at the store.- The cat is under the table.5. PronounsPronouns are words that take the place of nouns in a sentence. For example:- She is my sister.- They are coming over for dinner.6. Adjectives and AdverbsAdjectives describe nouns, while adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. For example:- The red car (adjective) is fast (adjective).- She runs (verb) quickly (adverb).7. ConjunctionsConjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses. For example:- I like tea and coffee.- He is tall, but she is short.8. Direct and Indirect SpeechDirect speech repeats a person's exact words, while indirect speech reports what someone said without quoting them directly. For example:- Direct speech: She said, "I am going to the store."- Indirect speech: She said that she was going to the store.9. Conditional SentencesConditional sentences express a hypothetical situation and its consequence. For example:- If it rains, we will stay inside.- If I had known, I would have helped.10. Passive VoiceIn passive voice, the subject of a sentence receives the action rather than performing it. For example:- Active voice: The dog chased the cat.- Passive voice: The cat was chased by the dog.These are just a few examples of English grammar rules in action. By understanding and practicing these rules, you can improve your English skills and communicate more effectively. Remember, grammar is the foundation of language, so mastering it is essential for clear and concise communication. Keep practicing, and soon you will become a grammar expert!篇3English grammar is a complex system that governs the structure and usage of the English language. It includes rules for sentence structure, word order, parts of speech, verb tenses, and much more. In this document, we will explore some common examples of English grammar rules in action.One of the most fundamental aspects of English grammar is the structure of a basic sentence. A sentence typically consists of a subject, a verb, and an object. For example, in the sentence "She eats an apple," the subject is "She," the verb is "eats," and the object is "an apple."Another important aspect of English grammar is the use of verb tenses. Verbs can be conjugated to indicate when an action took place. For example, the verb "eat" can be conjugated in various tenses such as past ("ate"), present ("eat"), and future ("will eat"). In the sentence "He ate dinner last night," the verb "ate" indicates that the action took place in the past.English grammar also includes rules for word order. In English, the typical word order in a sentence issubject-verb-object (SVO). For example, in the sentence "They are watching a movie," the subject "They" comes before the verb "are watching" and the object "a movie."English grammar also encompasses rules for parts of speech, including nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. Each part of speech plays a specific role in a sentence. For example, in the sentence "The girl ran quickly," "girl" is a noun, "ran" is a verb, and "quickly" is an adverb.In addition to these basic rules, English grammar includes more complex concepts such as compound sentences, complex sentences, clauses, and phrases. A compound sentence consists of two independent clauses joined by a conjunction, as in "She wanted to go to the beach, but it was raining." A complex sentence has one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses, as in "I will go to the store before it closes."In summary, English grammar is a vast and intricate system that governs the structure and usage of the English language. By following the rules of English grammar, speakers and writers can communicate effectively and clearly. By understanding and applying the examples of English grammar discussed in this document, you can improve your proficiency in the language and become a more competent communicator.。
八下英语译林版笔记
八下英语译林版笔记English Answer:Unit 1:Lesson 1:Vocabulary: Hobbies, interests, personality traits. Grammar: Present simple tense, verb "to be"Lesson 2:Vocabulary: Daily routines, time expressions.Grammar: Present continuous tense, time adverbs.Lesson 3:Vocabulary: School life, subjects, classrooms.Grammar: Possessive pronouns, prepositions of place.Unit 2:Lesson 4:Vocabulary: Animals, animal habitats.Grammar: Present perfect tense, past participles.Lesson 5:Vocabulary: Food, drinks, meals.Grammar: Comparatives and superlatives.Lesson 6:Vocabulary: Clothing, accessories, stores.Grammar: Modal verbs (can, could, may, might)。
Unit 3:Lesson 7:Vocabulary: Weather, seasons, climate.Grammar: Conditional sentences (Type 1)。
Lesson 8:Vocabulary: Travel, transportation.Grammar: Past simple tense, irregular verbs.Lesson 9:Vocabulary: Sports, activities, fitness.Grammar: Future simple tense, time expressions.Unit 4:Lesson 10:Vocabulary: Science, experiments, discoveries. Grammar: Passive voice.Lesson 11:Vocabulary: Technology, gadgets, social media. Grammar: Present perfect continuous tense.Lesson 12:Vocabulary: Art, music, literature.Grammar: Relative clauses.Unit 5:Lesson 13:Vocabulary: Health, nutrition, lifestyle.Grammar: Modal verbs (should, must, have to)。
modal verbs 1
SHOULD HAVE+ PAST PARTICIPLE
To express your opinions about something in the past. Now it´s too late
Ex: He should have agreed to come to the party. It was real fun
Permission
CAN/MAY/COULD It depends on the degree of politeness
Can / May I come in? Could I come in Mr Robinson?
MODALS + PERFECT INFINITIVES (to have / ppart)
Ex: We´d better stop for petrol soon. The tank is almost emply
Use: We use it for a particular situation and not for general advice
WOULD RATHER
FORM WOULD RATHER+BARE INFINITIVE WOULD RATHER NOT+BARE INFINITIVE
MODALS EXPRESSING ABILITY
CAN: PRESENT ABILITY
EX: She can read minds.
COULD: PAST ABILITY, CONDITIONAL
Ex: At the age of five , she could read and write
Unit+1+Using+language+Modal+Verbs+课件外研版(2019)必修第二册
can/could ⑴表示能力
e.g. I believe I can fly. e.g. The theater can seat 2,500 people. ⑵表示允许，口语中多用could, e.g. Let’s call it a day. You can have a break now. e.g. Could I have this dance? ⑶表示惊异、怀疑、不相信、失望等态度，主要用于否定句、 疑问句或者感叹句中。
(4)would表示委婉的提出请求，建议或者看法。 e.g. Would you like some coffee？ e.g. I’m afraid the journey would be too expensive. (5)would表示过去反复发生的动作。 When he was young, he would listen to music alone in his room. (6)would可用于虚拟语气 e.g. If I were you, I would try this game.
6. 这类食物
6. that sort of food
7. 去肉店
7. go to the butcher’s
8. 拽了拽自己的耳朵
8. pull at his own ears
9. 他肯定觉得我是在开玩笑。
9. He must have thought I was joking.
10.o
shall
⑴(用于第一、三人称）疑问句“表示征求对方意见”
e.g. Shall I open the door?/Let’s go home, shall we? Shall he come to see you?
Modal Verbs
3. I really worried about you. You ________ home without a word. B
A.mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
4. —Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere. —Well, he _________ have gone far, for C his coat is still here. A.shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t
7. --I stayed at a hotel while in New York. A with Bob. -Oh, did you? You ___ A. could have stayed B. could stay
C. would stay D. must have stayed
8.Her eyes were red. She C . A. must cry B. must be cried C. must have been crying D. may cry
类别 用法 can 表“能力； 猜测；请求；许可；建议” could 表“能力；猜测；请求” may 表“猜测；许可；祝愿” might 表“猜测” must 表“必须；猜测” 表“建议；承诺、决心、警告；强制” shall should 表“ 建议；义务；万一；惊讶语气；猜测” will/ would 表“意愿；请求；自然规律；习惯” 表“必须；应该”之意： have to need 客观需要 must 主观看法； ought to 语气强于 should
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Peter has a good car and a big house with a garden.
must have lots of money. He ______ must be popular with people. He ______ can’ t be lacking in money. He ______
二、情态动词的语法功能
1.We use modal verbs to talk about: (1) Ability （能力） (2) Obligation （义务） (3) Certainty （可能性） (4) Permission （允许）
2.We also use modal verbs to:
Grabs）
本身没有一定的词义，表示语气的单词。但是不能独立 作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为 动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。 情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛。
What can it be?
a white vase It may be ___________. two faces It might also be _________.
can 和 be able to 的区别
1）时态：can 只有现在时和过去式（could），be able to 可用于多种时态。（在将来时，完成时和非谓语 动词中应该用be able to）
e.g. So far, doctors have been able to do very little to treat(治疗) this kind of disease.
He is only four, but he can read. I can climb this mountain.
Can的用法
2)表推测，客观的可能性（用于否定句与疑问 句中）
A: Can the news be true? B: It can’t be Tom, for he is in Shanghai now.
2. could 的主要用法
1）could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力与推测. e.g. We all knew that the young man couldn't be a doctor.
2）could也可以表示请求、允许。语气比can更委 婉、客气。但回答时必须用can. e.g. ---Could I use your bike? ---Yes, you can . I am afraid I couldn't give you an answer today.
2) can表示一贯的能力，be able to侧重于通过努力可以达到 的某种结果。
I can't swim. But I 'm sure I will be able to swim through more practicing.
3)can或could的否定式构成习惯短语： A: can't...too/enough...越…越…，无论…也不为过 You can't (can)be too careful. 你越小心越好。 I can't thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。 B: can't... but do 不得不，只好做
may和might
1） 表示请求、允许，might比may的语气更委婉一些 （否定回答时，一般用mustn't，“禁止、阻止”。） e.g. —May I watch TV after supper? —Yes, you may . / No, you mustn't . You may go now.(给予许可) 2） 表示说话人的猜测，“可能，也许”：用在肯定句 和否定句中 (在疑问句中，表示可能性用can：Where can he be?) The guest may arrive this afternoon.
may和might
3） 表示祝愿;但语气较正式: eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! 4）固定用法： may / might as well do sth. 不妨做某事， 还是做某事为好 The film is so boring, and we might as well not have come to see it.
These words: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, have to, ought to We call them modal verbs(情态 动词)
一、情态动词的语法特征
（1）情态动词不能单独作谓语，除 have和ought，后面只能接不带to的不 定式（也就是动词原形）。 （2）情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
注：can用在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性 （一时的可能）
A house in the center of London can cost a lot of money.
Can的用法
3)表示请求或允许（和may意思相近），常见于口语
Can (May) I come in? 我能进来吗？ Can I smoke here? 我能在这里抽烟吗?
She couldn't but agree (agree)to my idea.
C: can't help doing 情不自禁 The girl couldn't help crying (cry). D: can't ...+比较级 再……不过了（表示最高级） The film couldn't be any worse.
(1) Make requests（提出请求） (2) Make suggestions（提出建议） (3) Make offers（提供帮助） (4) Give advice（提出意见）
can和could
1. can的用法
1）表现在的能力
can表能力是意味着凭体力、脑力或技术等可以无 阻力地去做某事