托福阅读修辞目的题实例解析(一)

托福阅读修辞目的题实例解析（一）

在托福阅读的十大题型中，修辞目的题(rhetorical purpose

questions)是新托福阅读中难度较大的题型之一。这种题型对于国内考生来说较为陌生，在考场上时间紧张的情况下考生往往不知该在文中什么地方找答案。那么，对于这样一种类型的题目我们究竟该从何入手呢?在以下的一些例题中，我们就为大家进行详细的分析。

托福阅读修辞目的题例题

1. 关键词定位后，读定位词在句子。

2. 判断该词与段落主题是否有关系，无关系则为类比。

例题1：

Paragraph 5: Even the kind of stability defined as simple lack of change is

not always associated with maximum diversity. At least in temperate zones,

maximum diversity is often found in mid-successional stages, not in the climax

community. Once a redwood forest matures, for example, the kinds of species and

the number of individuals growing on the forest floor are reduced. In general,

diversity, by itself, does not ensure stability. Mathematical models of

ecosystems likewise suggest that diversity does not guarantee ecosystem

stability—just the opposite, in fact. A more complicated system is, in general,

more likely than a simple system to break down. (A fifteen-speed racing bicycle

is more likely to break down than a child’s tricycle.)

Q:In paragraph 5, why does the author provide the information that “(A

fifteen-speed racing bicycle is more likely to break down than a child’s

tricycle)”?

A:To illustrate a general principle about the stability of systems by using an

everyday example

To demonstrate that an understanding of stability in ecosystems can be applied to help understand stability in other situations

To make a comparison that supports the claim that, in general, stability increases with diversity

To provide an example that contradicts mathematical models of ecosystems 托福阅读修辞目的题练习题答案：4

托福阅读修辞目的题实例解析(七)

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托福阅读细节题

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caravel. It had a widerand deeper hull than the galley and hence could carry more cargo: increasedstability made it possible to add multiple masts and sails. In the largestcaravels, two main masts held large square sails that provided the bulk of thethrust driving the ship forward, while a smaller forward mast held atriangular-shaped sail, called a lateen sail, which could be moved into avariety of positions to maneuver the ship. 8. According to paragraph 3, what did thelateen sail contribute to the caravel as a sailing ship? ○It provided stability for the front partof the ship. ○It made it possible for the hull to bewider and deeper. ○It added considerably to the speed of thewind-driven ship. ○It imp roved the capacity of the ship to beguided. 这道题题干中的关键词是lateen sail. 带着它回文中找到相关信息：while a smaller forward mast held a triangular-shaped sail, called alateen sail, which could be moved into a variety of positions to maneuver the ship.这个句子比较长而且还出现了定语从句，开头还有一个托福阅读常考的词while，并不是一下子就可以顺译出来的，如果考托er们读不懂这个句子，大概会有如下两种情况：

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