名词

名词知识点一：名词的概念表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念等名称的词，有具体的和抽象的之分。

Student学生 apple苹果 panda熊猫 ruler尺子知识点二：名词的分类1.普通名词普通名词表示某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。

如：Water 水 machine机器 happiness快乐普通名词又可进一步分为四类：（1）个体名词：表示单个的人或事物。

如：tiger老虎bus公共汽车集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的名称。

如：people人们family家庭物质名词：表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。

如：air空气milk牛奶抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质或其他抽象概念。

如：health健康life生活（2）专有名词：表示个体团体地方机构或事物的名称其开头字母要大写。

如：China中国 Mike迈克知识点三：名词的数名词根据是否能够用数字来计算可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

单数名词一般情况下要以表示量的单词，a （an）连用，复数名词的复数形式变化有规则变化和不规则变化之分。

1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”：a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds；读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。

b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches；c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries；d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况1）有生命的+es读音：[z] 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) 无生命的+s 读音：[z] 如：photo-photos radio-radiosman-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese2、不可数名词没有复数。

如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。

例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was知识点四：名词所有格名词所有格是指名词中表示，所有关系的形式通常有两种形式:’s格和of格1、有生命的名词所有格A）单数后加“ ’s ”如：Su Hai’s twin sister苏海的双胞胎妹妹Jim’s family吉姆的一家B）以“ s ”结尾的复数名词，只需加“ ’ ”如：Teachers’ Day教师节the twins’ parents双胞胎的父母C）不以“ s ”结尾的复数名词，则仍需加“ ’s ”如：Children’s Day儿童节注意：表示两人或几人共有的物品，只需在最后一人名后加“ ’s ”，如：Ben and Jim’s book2、无生命的名词所有格，一般与“ of ”构成短语。

如：a photo of his family 他家的一张照片 the colour of her skirt 她的短裙的颜色闯关训练一、写出下列名词的复数形式。

1.monkey____________2.class__________3.shoe_____________4.shelf______________5.fox___________ 6nurse____________ 7.peach____________ 8.library____________ 9.dog___________ 10.photo____________ 11.dress____________ 12postman__________ 13tooch____________ 14sister____________ 15.sheep____________ 16cinema____________ 17.dish____________ 18.wall____________19.child____________ 20.fish____________二、圈出下列名词中的不可数名词Peach coffee ink shirt picture sister garden sofa knife snow water ice tea cooker juice apple fridge truck rain wind car teacher music ear三、连线1.piano A天气2.coffee B卧室3.bedroom C季节4.season D钢琴5.weather E咖啡6.September F医院7.sweater G老鼠8.hospital H蔬菜9.mouse I毛衣10.vegetable J九月四、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.What color is____________(Ann) hat?2.Who are those ____________(woman) under the tree?3.Have some____________ (tea) ,please.4.There are some____________ (potato) on the desk.5.John and Tom are washing their____________(face).五、单项选择1.The little girl has ____________ on her nose.A .a glass B.a glasses C.a pair of glasses D .a pair of glass2.There are some __________ in this____________.A.knife;pencil boxesB.knives;pencil boxC.knives;pencil boxesD.knifes;pencil box3.I can see ten ____________ in the piano.A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.foxes4.Have ____________，please!A a chickenB some chickenC chickensD some chickens5.I don’t know the ____________ name.A man’sB mansC mans’D men’s6.I want two____________.A bottle of watersB bottles of waterC bottles of watersD bottle of water7.My two brothers are both____________.A policemenB policemansC policewomenD policewoman8.Mr Black often drinks some____________.A milkB fishC milksD fishes9.There are some ____________ on the floor.A childB waterC booksD milk10.I’ll tell you____________.A a good newsB good a newsC a piece of good newsD some piece of good news11.What ____________ it is today.A fine weatherB fine a weatherC a fine weatherD the fine weather12.---Who’s that ____________?----She’s my mother.A manB womanC womenD girl13.---____________jacket is it?---Maybe it is____________.A Who’s ;Tom’sB What; Tom’sC Whose ;Tom’sD Whose; Tom’s14.There __________two__________in the box.A is；watchB are；watchesC are;watchD is; watches15.Joan is ____________ sister.A Mary and JackB Mary’s and Jack’sC Mary’s and JackD Mary and Jack’s六、根据中文完成句子1.Please teach us to sing this ____________ (歌曲）。

2.Don’t put on the ____________ (外套）。

3.May I know your ____________ （电话）number.4.Which ____________ (颜色）would you like?5.What’s the ____________ (天气）like in Sydney?6.Are these _________________________________ (汤姆的书）？7._________________________________（妇女节）is on May 8th.8._________________________________（中国的首都）is Beijing.9.There is _______________________________________________(一张中国的地图）on the wall.10.I like _______________________________________________(这条短裙的颜色）。