现在分词与定语从句转换
状语从句与分词作状语的转换
[非谓语动词和从句转换]状语从句与分词作 状语的转换 篇一: 状语从句与分词作状语的转换 状语从句与分词作状语的转换 时间、原因等状语从句可以转换成分词作状语，但这种转换是有条件的，也有一定的规律可循。[] 一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。如： They did not go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do． 由于从句的主语与主句的主语都是they，可以把从句中because 和they去掉，把had变成having，即成现在分词短语作原因状语：Having a lot of work to do，they did not go to the Summer Palace． 二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则转换成过去分词。 1．When he heard a cry for help，he rushed out． 从句中，he was与heard是主动关系，表示“他听见”。则可变成现在分词作时间状语。 Hearing a cry for help，he rushed out． 2．The boy Cater went up to his teacher and said“sorry”because he
was great-ly touched by his words．从句中，he was touched是被动关系，是“孩子被深深地触动了”，则变成过去分词作原因状语。Greatly touched by his teache r’s words，the boy laterwent up to him and said“sorry”． 三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，该怎么办？请看下例： 1．As the heroes’ deeds moved them deeply，they decided to study even harder． 句中，主句的主语是they，而从句主语是the heroes’deeds，主语不一致，这时可以把从句变换一下句型，变成被动语态。即成As they w ere deeplymoved by the heroes’deeds．从句的主语与主句的主语都是they，就可转换成： Deeply moved by the heroes’deeds，they decided to study even harder． 下列的句子中主语也是不同的。 2．The professor came into the lab；a group of students followed him． 这是两个简单句，如果中间加个and也可看成并列句。但主语不同，可以先把第二句变成：He was followed by a group of students．全句就转换成： Followed by a group of students，the professor came into the lab． 四、如果看不出有从句，该怎么办？请看下例： He recognized the man who had been his classmate ten years
4后置定语与定语从句
后置定语与定语从句 英语中的后置定语往往可以分为以下几类，形容词做后置定语，现在分词做后置定语，过去分词做后置定语，不定式作后置定语。而后置定语往往可以由定语从句演变而来，这种定语从句的关系词往往是关系代词在从句中充当主语。下面我们来逐一讨论： 1.现在分词作后置定语 ⑴Who is the girl dancing with your brother？（现在分词作后置定语， 表正在）可改写成定语从句Who is the girl that is dancing with your brother？ The high building being built (=which is being built)there is meant for the old without children. It is expected to be finished in a year.(正在被建) ⑵Anyone touching the wire will get a shock.可以改成定语从句Anyone who touches the wire will get a shock. 2.过去分词做后置定语 The jewelry (which is) worn by the Indians was made of bones. The spaceship (which was) called Shenzhou Ⅴ, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei. The Indians wearing (=who wore)jewelry (which was) made of bones greeted them warmly. 3.不定时作后置定语 表示未发生或即将发生的情况如 The project （which is）to be completed next month needs more people to help.（即将完成的） There are more pains (which are)to come.(要来的) Children who lived closest to the Fukushima-1 Nuclear Power Station were among the first to be tested.（the first，the last之后常用不定式作定语）
分词短语作状语的时态和语态
分词短语作状语的时态和语态 1. 分词的时态及其判断 * 过去分词没有时态形式的变化，因此been done 和had done 任何时候都不会出现。 * 现在分词有两种时态形式： 一般形式：doing 完成形式：having done * 判断分词用什么形式主要是要与句子中的主要动词行为发生时间进行对比，如果同时或相继发生，用一般式；如果分词的行为的发生时间早于主要动词的发生时间，则用完成式。例如：--Working there, we learned a lot from them. (劳动的同时学到了许多) --Looking out of the window, I saw groups of children play games. (先望出去，接着就看到，视线没有断开) -- Having finished his work, he went to help his classmates.(完成工作在前，帮助他人在后，中间有停顿) -- Not having done it right, I tried again. (没做好在前，明显停顿后再次尝试) * 伴随状语是与主要动词的行为同时发生的动作，如果有前有后就不成其为伴随，所引不能用完成形式having done 表示，否则就是逻辑错误。 2. 分词的语态及其判断
* 过去分词本身就表示被动 * 现在分词的被动语态同样有两种形式 一般式：being done 完成式：having been done * 主动与被动的判断主要是要找到分词的逻辑主语，一般说来，用作状语的分词，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，它们之间有两种关系：逻辑主语是分词行为的支配者，即主谓关系——用现在分词主动形式表示； 逻辑主语是分词的行为对象，即动宾关系——用过去分词或现在分词的被动形式,分别表示： 过去分词——与主要动词先后发生，如： -- Inspired him, we decided to work harder. (被鼓励接下来决定更加努力) 现在分词一般式——与主要动词同时发生，如： -- Being surrounded, the enemy was forced to surrender.（被包围的同时被迫投降） 现在分词完成式——先于主要动词的动作，如： -- Having been asked to stay, I couldn't very well leave. (先被要求留下，（考虑后)觉得不好离开。 * 独立主格结构：
分词与从句的转换
分词的形式： (not ) doing现在分词的一般式 （主动、进行） (not ) done过去分词的一般式 （被动、完成） (not ) being done 分词的进行被动式（被动、进行）(not ) having done 分词的完成式（主动、完成） $ 谓语与分词非谓语转换的一般原则do/does/did is/are doing was/were doing --- doing is/are/was/were done
--- done ~ is being done --- being done has/have done --- having done has/have been done --- (having been) done ￥ 分词与从句的转换
1 分词作定语，相当于定语从句 1) The hospital was an old building that/which was built in 1931. （ --- The hospital was an old building built in 1931. 2) Do you know the girl who is standing over there --- Do you know the girl standing over there 3) The man who spoke to us the other day has gone to London.
--- The man speaking to us the other day has gone to London. @ 4) He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people who were exposed to cholera. --- He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 5) He found that it came from the river which was polluted by the dirty water. --- He found that it came from the river .
分词作后置定语40838
所谓“定语”，就是能起到修饰、限定、解释说明作用的语言，例如，形容词是定语，定语从句也是定语。由于一些分词或分词短语置于被修饰对象的后面，所以称作“后置定语”。 现在分词和过去分词都可以做后置定语。 （1）被修饰的名词与作定语的动词为主动关系，表示该动作正在进行或与主句动作同时发生，或是经常发生的行为时，用现在分词做定语。例如： The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那里的女孩是我姐姐。 The people waiting for the bus are talking with each other. 正在等公车的人们在相互交谈。 注意；分词短语作后置定语时可以改写成定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is my sister. The people who are waiting for the bus are talking with each other. （2）如果名词与作定语的动词为被动关系时，则定语有下列三种形式： a. 如果动作已发生或经常的行为，用done。 例如：The house built there is mine. 建在那儿的房子是我的。转为定语从句：The house which was built there is mine.
b. 如果动作正在进行，用being done。 例如：The house being built there is mine.正在那儿建造的房子是我的。 转为定语从句：The house which is being built there is mine. c. 如果动作未发生，用to be done。 例如：The house to be built there is mine.将要在那儿建起来的房子是我的。 转为定语从句：The house which is to be built there is mine.
现在分词短语作伴随状语
其实分词做伴随状语就是分词做方式状语的一种，伴随是一种方式。大多情况下其实方式状语从句都等于伴随状语从句。只有在just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体 分词短语作伴随状语 伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的 1）现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。 现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。 1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。 ）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。 比如 The teacher came in the classroom with handing a book in his hand. with handing就是个例子 过去分词，现在分词都可以做伴随状语,即在某件事情发生的时候相伴发生的事情这个句子老师进入了教室，他是拿着本书进入教室的，在他进入教室的时候他的手中有一本书（相伴）知道意思了吧。 做题的时候要注意区分什么时候使用过去分词和什么时候使用现在分词做伴随状语。一般的无非又几种情况： 1，过去分词表示一种完成了的或者是被动意义的动作 分词作状语（关键找逻辑主语） a)放在句首的分词往往看作时间状语1以及原因状语2 1. Looking (when I looked) at the picture, I couldn't help missing my middle school days. 2.Seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. =As he was seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. b)放在句中或句末常常看作为伴随状态(并列句) The girl was left alone in the room，weeping（crying ）bitterly. (但注意特殊：Generally/frankly speaking... / taken as a whole(总的来讲）不考虑逻辑主语，看作为独立成分)
分词和定语从句的切换
1电在人们日常生活中得到广泛应用，因为它便于输送和转换为其它形式。 Electricity, which can be easily transmitted and changed into other forms of energy, has found wide application in daily life. Easily transmitted and changed into other forms of energy, Electricity has found wide application in our daily life. 2因为在底特律可以筹集到建造机器所需的资金，所以Tom向妻子建议搬回底特律住。Tom suggested to his wife that they move back to Detroit where he could get the necessary money to build his machine. Capable of raising fund for the construction of the machine in Detroit, Tom suggested to his wife that they move back there. 3西方看到了几颗星星，小镇的灯光没能使它们暗淡。 H e could see a few stars to the west, where the lights of the town didn’t blur them out. Not blurred out by the lights of the town, stars could be seen to the west. 4由于我们未能及时发货给你方造成了不便，我方表示歉意。 We apologize for the inconvenience on you that has been caused by our delay in delivery. Causing you inconvenience for the late delivery, we apologize for it. 5他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太讲话，因为她现在异常无礼，令人厌烦。 He showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs. Smith, who was now more than usually rude and annoying. Mrs. Smith being more than usually rude and annoying, he didn’t want to talk to her any more.
分词作状语--独立主格
分词作状语： 分词和分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随情况。在表示时间、原因、条件、让步和方式时，通常可转换为相应的状语从句，表示方式和伴随情况时，可以转换为一个并列的谓语成分。 例如：Seeing the teacher entering the room,the students stood up.(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room,they stood up.) Heated,ice will be changed into water.(=When it is heated...) Being excited, I couldn’t go to sleep.(=As I was excited,I couldn’t go to sleep.) I stood there, listening to the broadcast.(=I stood there and listened to the broadcast.) The children went away laughing.(=The children went away.They laughed as they went.) Knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage.(=Although they know all this... (3)分词作状语与主语的关系。 A. 现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。 例如：He went out shutting the door behind him. Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help. B. 过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。 例如：Given more attention,the trees could have grown better. F aced with difficulties,we must try to overcome them. (4)分词作状语时前面可用连词。 when,while,once,if,unless,though等引导的状语从句，若其主语与主句主语相同时，可保留该副词连接词，其余部分则化简为分词短语。 例如：When (being) free，I’ll fetch you. While walking along the street early in the morning,he saw her. If falling ill,I’ll see my doctor.如果生病我会去看医生。 Once completed,this power station supplies the nearby towns and villages with electricity. Even though given every opportunity,they would not try. Though knowing the truth,he remained silent. Unless (being) rich,I am not going abroad. (5)分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语须和谓语动词的主语一致，否则分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构称作分词的独立结构，或独立主格。 例如：The rain having stopped,the soldiers continued their match. The boys returned,their face covered with sweat. 〈注〉有时也可用“with(或without)+名词(或代词宾格)+分词”的结构，表示伴随情况。 例如：He fell asleep with the lamp burning.
定语从句与非谓语动词的转换
定语从句和非谓语动词是高中阶段重要的两大语法项目。定语从句的应用可以使语言表达更精确更生动，显得使用者具有较高的英语文化底蕴，但也是中学英语的难点语法项目，许多同学在学习和运用定语从句时，感到很难理解。若将其简化，理解起来就比较简单了。而非谓语动词的正确使用，就可以使定语从句的理解容易化，简单化，而且使语句简练、更有文采。掌握二者的转换，有助于我们更好的理解其用法，并能够自如地运用。下面我就着重谈谈如何将定语从句转换成非谓语动词以及转换时应注意的事项。 1定语从句转换成不定式“to do”。 定语从句的谓语动词是将来时或含有情态动词或含有序数词the next，the last等时，该定语从句转换为不定式“to do”. （1）The plane which will arrive is from Hubei. →The plane to arrive is from Hubei。 （2）The students will go to a party that will be held in our class at 7：45. →The students will go to a p arty to be held in our class at 7：45. （3）He was the first boy who came to school. →He was the first boy to come to school. .2定语从句可转换成为“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句和“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”充当的定语，可以相互转换。被这种定语修饰的名词往往在逻辑上充当不定式动作的地点、时间或工具。例： （1）She wanted a room in which she could do her homework. →She wanted a room in which to do her homework. （2）She had only a pen with which she can write. →She had only a pen to write with.或She had only a pen with which to write. 注：定语从句转换成“介词+ 关系代词+不定式”时，此时的不定式一定是及物动词，如是不及物动词，则需在动词后面加上相应的介词。这个介词可提前到关系代词前面，也可留在句尾。前者是正式说法后者是非正式说法。而且上例中动词不定式与句子主语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，否则就不能简单地把作定语的不定式都变成此结构。 “He is looking for a place for his friend to live in”这句话。我们就不能将句中的a place for his friend to live in改为a place to live in或a place in which to live。 3.1定语从句可以转换为现在分词（短语） 如果定语从句的谓语是主动语态，且发生的时间与主句的谓语所表示的动作所发生的时间同时，此时可以将定语从句转换成现在分词短语）。 （1）Have you ever talked to the girl who is dancing to music over there？→Have you ever talked to the girl dancing to music over there？ （2）The question that is being discussed is about how to improve living conditions. →The question being discussed is about how to improve living conditions. .2定语从句可以转化为过去分词（短语） 如定语从句的谓语是被动语态，或是“系动词+过去分词（表语）”结构，且从句的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是在主句的谓语之前发生或无明确的时间。此时，我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词（短语）。有时定语从句谓语虽然是主动语态.但它表示的动作在主句谓语之前就已经完成，这时我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词（短语）。 （1）The report that was made yesterday will be discussed today. →The report made yesterday will be discussed today. （2）The dictionary which my mother bought for me is very useful.
非谓语动词与从句的转换
高考写作一非谓语动词与从句的转换 知识讲解 知识点1：不定式（短语）与从句的关系 1.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换。 (1).To be able to help you is really an honor. (=That I’m able to help you) (2).He seemed to know the way. (=It seemed that he knew the way.) (3).Bush is said to have decided to attack North Korea. (= It is said that Bush has decided to attack North Korea.)
2.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句(1).We still don’t know when and where to build a school.(宾语) (=when and where we should build a school) (2).I advised him to go and see the doctor.(宾补) (=that he should go and see) (3).He thought it a great pity not to have invited her. .(宾语) (=That he hadn’t invited her.)
3.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句(1).My suggestion is for them to leave as soon as possible. (=that they should leave) (2).My chief purpose has been for them to get a good understanding. (=that they can get a good understanding)
(完整word版)分词作状语练习题解析
分词作状语练习题解析 1. 分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件，方式或伴随状况。通常可转换成相应的状语从句；表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。例如： Put into use in April000 , the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. 分词短语作时间状语 Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network , Alice was in low spirits. 分词短语作原因状语 Given time , he’ll make a fist-class tennis player. 分词短语作条件状语 We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things. 分词短语作伴随状语 2. 有时为了强调，分词前可带when, while, if, though, as if, unless等连词一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。例如： When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
现在分词与定语从句转换-推荐下载
Doing (1)【内容】 (1)动名词和现在分词 (2)现在分词与过去分词对比应用：状语， 表语， 伴随或方式， 原因，条件，让步等(3)现在分词作定语时与定于从句之间的转化。(4)现在分词作状语与状语从句的转化。一．动名词： 【定义】 相当于名词，在句中作主语；宾语 ；表语。【构成形式】 主动： doing sth 被动： being done Having done having been done.【应用】1.做主语。 (1)当动词短语或动词位于句首时做主语。被看作单数不可数名词。 主语较长时用it 代替主语。(2) 特殊句型。It is no use doing sth It is useless doing sth It is no good doing sth It is a waste of time doing sth It is worthwhile doing sth There is no point\ use in doing sth There is nothing wore than doing sth 没什么比做…更糟糕的。(3) 练习一下。 听到这个坏消息使他哭了起来。 开快车是非常危险的。
现在分词短语作伴随状语
创作编号： GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者：凤呜大王* 其实分词做伴随状语就是分词做方式状语的一种，伴随是一种方式。大多情况下其实方式状语从句都等于伴随状语从句。只有在just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体 分词短语作伴随状语 伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的 1）现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。 现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。 1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。 ）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。 比如 The teacher came in the classroom with handing a book in his hand. with handing就是个例子 过去分词，现在分词都可以做伴随状语,即在某件事情发生的时候相伴发生的事情这个句子老师进入了教室，他是拿着本书进入教室的，在他进入教室的时候他的手中有一本书（相伴）知道意思了吧。 做题的时候要注意区分什么时候使用过去分词和什么时候使用现在分词做伴随状语。一般的无非又几种情况： 1，过去分词表示一种完成了的或者是被动意义的动作
分词作状语（关键找逻辑主语） a)放在句首的分词往往看作时间状语1以及原因状语2 1. Looking (when I looked) at the picture, I couldn't help missing my middle school days. 2.Seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. =As he was seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. b)放在句中或句末常常看作为伴随状态(并列句) The girl was left alone in the room，weeping（crying ）bitterly. (但注意特殊：Generally/frankly speaking... / taken as a whole(总的来讲）不考虑逻辑主语，看作为独立成分) C.difference between "being done"&"done" 1）being done---->"又被动，又进行” 2）done------->“又被动，又完成” 1），2）均可作原因状语从句，而且更倾向于“done”，因为简单 eg.(being) deeply moved, she couldn't help crying. 但作条件(a)，伴随状语只能用(b)2），不能用1） eg.(a)Once seen, it can't be forgotten./If asked so many questions, Mary's face will turn red. (b)she watched all the gifts ,greatly amazed.(=she watched all the gifts, and was greatly amazed在一般句中：v1,and v2/ v1,v2,and v3) 结论：当发现所要填非谓语为被动时，能用"done"就用"done"(除了有先后顺序(用(having done/having been done)，详见D) D.having done1)/having been done2)作状语时，分词的动作先于谓语动词eg.1)Having handed in the paper, he left the room.(分词逻辑主语与主语相同，用having done) 2)Having been given a map, we found our way easily.(分词逻辑主语与主语不同，是别人给的，用having been done) 再给你解释下伴随状语 伴随状语出现的条件是由一个主语发出两个动作或同一个生语处于两种状态，或同一个主语发出一个动作时又伴随有某一种状态。伴随状语的逻辑主语一般情况下必须是全句的生语，伴随状语与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。 你所问的是这一种
状语从句与分词作状语的转换
状语从句与分词作状语的转换 时间、原因等状语从句可以转换成分词作状语，但这种转换是有条件的，也有一定的规律可循。 一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。如： They did not go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do． 由于从句的主语与主句的主语都是they，可以把从句中because和they去掉，把had变成having，即成现在分词短语作原因状语： Having a lot of work to do，they did not go to the Summer Palace． 二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则转换成过去分词。 1．When he heard a cry for help，he rushed out． 从句中，he was与heard是主动关系，表示“他听见”。则可变成现在分词作时间状语。 Hearing a cry for help，he rushed out． 2．The boy Cater went up to his teacher and said“sorry”because he was great-ly touched by his words． 从句中，he was touched是被动关系，是“孩子被深深地触动了”，则变成过去分词作原因状语。Greatly touched by his teacher's words，the boy laterwent up to him and said“sorry”． 三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，该怎么办？请看下例： 1．As the heroes' deeds moved them deeply，they decided to study even harder． 句中，主句的主语是they，而从句主语是the heroes'deeds，主语不一致，这时可以把从句变换一下句型，变成被动语态。即成As they were deeplymoved by the heroes'deeds．从句的主语与主句的主语都是they，就可转换成：Deeply moved by the heroes'deeds，they decided to study even harder． 下列的句子中主语也是不同的。 2．The professor came into the lab；a group of students followed him． 这是两个简单句，如果中间加个and也可看成并列句。但主语不同，可以先把第二句变成：He was followed by a group of students．全句就转换成： Followed by a group of students，the professor came into the lab． 四、如果看不出有从句，该怎么办？请看下例： He recognized the man who had been his classmate ten years before，so he wentover to say hello to him． 这句中，看不出有从句。so是并列连词，表示“因此，于是”等意思。这样一来，前面那一句就有表示原因的意味。这一句可以改写为： Because he recognized the man who had been his classmate ten years before，he went over to say hello to him．变成一个原因状语从句，即可转换成现在分词作原因状语。 Recognizing the man… 许多有and或没有and的并列句，只要主语一致，往往可能换成分词作伴随状语。如： The students went home from school；they talked and laughed．可转换成： Talking and laughing，the students went home from school． 五、如何判断要不要有一个Being？如： As he was very old，he had to give up his teaching． 可转换成：Being very old，he had to give up his teaching．再看下例： As he was moved by the story，he decided to learn from the heroes． 则转换成：Moved by the story，he decided to learn from the heroes．而不是Being moved… 为什么呢？原来前面的那一句的was是系动词（link verb），后面跟的是表语（形容词或名词）。又如：As he was an engineer，he knew exactly what to do． an engineer．是名词作表语，即可转换成：