2023考研英语二完型填空
2023考研英二精翻阅读完形天空
2023考研英二精翻阅读完形天空摘要：一、前言1.2023 年考研英语二的难度2.阅读和完形的重要性3.备考策略二、阅读理解部分1.文章题材和题型2.解题技巧和方法3.提高阅读速度和准确率三、完形填空部分1.题型特点和难度2.解题策略和技巧3.常见错误类型及避免方法四、备考建议1.合理安排时间和方法2.注重基础和拓展3.模拟考试和总结反思正文：随着2023 年考研英语二的精翻阅读完形天空的公布，众多考生对于这一科目的难度和备考策略产生了极大的关注。
其中，阅读理解和完形填空作为英语考试的重要组成部分，其成绩的高低直接影响到考生的整体英语水平。
因此，本文将对这两个部分进行详细的解析，并提供一些备考建议。
首先，阅读理解部分是考研英语二的重要组成部分，其文章题材丰富多样，涵盖了社会、文化、科技等多个领域。
针对这一部分，考生需要掌握一定的解题技巧和方法。
例如，先浏览题目，了解文章主题和问题，再细读文章，寻找答案。
同时，提高阅读速度和准确率也是备考过程中需要关注的问题。
通过多读、多练，考生可以逐渐提高阅读速度，同时保证准确率。
其次，完形填空部分是考研英语二的另一个难点。
这一部分的难度较高，题型特点明显，需要考生具备较强的词汇、语法和语篇理解能力。
在解题过程中，考生需要运用一定的策略和技巧。
例如，通过上下文推测词义，对比选项找出最佳答案等。
此外，避免常见错误类型，如固定搭配错误、时态错误等，也是提高完形填空成绩的关键。
针对2023 年考研英语二的精翻阅读完形天空，考生在备考过程中应合理安排时间和方法。
在基础阶段，要重视词汇、语法的学习，不断拓展知识面。
在提高阶段，可以通过模拟考试和总结反思，找出自己的薄弱环节，有针对性地进行强化训练。
2023考研英语二真题及答案解析
2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 10 points)Here’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you’re the CEO of a small business, and though you’re making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to thenext level. What you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up ofmembers from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Let’s look at a real-world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version oftheir product. And7 making improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project-marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of u pgrades wasn’t due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware ofthe premium version and what it offered.Armed with this 12 , the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users ofthe free version. 14 , upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth team to succeed, it needs to have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement.This leader will 16 the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the17 ofthese goals. The growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focused on moving forward and steering them clear of distractions. 19 attractive new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.1. [A] purchase[B] profit[C] connection[D] bet2. [A] define[B] predict[C] prioritize[D] appreciate3. [A] exclusively[B] temporarily[C] potentially[D] initially4. [A] experiment[B] proposal[C] debate[D] example5. [A] identical[B] marginal[C] provisional[D] traditional6. [A] rumor[B] secret[C] myth[D] problem7. [A] despite[B] unlike[C] through[D] besides8. [A] moreover[B] however[C] therefore[D] again9. [A] inspected[B] created[C] expanded[D] reformed10. [A] cultural[B] objective[C] fresh[D] personal11. [A] end[B] burden[C] lack[D] decrease12. [A] policy[B] suggestion[C] purpose[D] insight13. [A] contributing[B] allocating[C] promoting[D] transforming14. [A] as a result[B] at any rate[C] by the way[D] in a sense15. [A] unite[B] finance[C] follow[D] choose16. [A] share[B] identify[C] divide[D] broaden17.[A] announcement[B] assessment[C] adjustment[D]accomplishment18. [A] famous[B] responsible[C] available[D] respective19. [A] before[B] once[C] while[D] unless20. [A] serve[B] limit[C] summarize[D] alterSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by Choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1In the quest for the perfect lawn, homeowners across the country are taking a shortcut — and it is the environment that is paying the price. About eight million square metres ofplastic grass is sold each year but opposition has now spread to the highest gardening circles.The Chelsea Flower Show has banned fake grass from this year’s event, declaring it to be not part of its ethos. The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), which runs the annual show in westLondon, says it has introduced the ban because ofthe damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity.Ed Horne, ofthe RHS, said: “We launched our sustainability strategy last year and fake grass is just not in line with our ethos and views on plastic. We recommend using real grass because of its environmental benefits, which include supporting wildlife, mitigating flooding and cooling theenvironment. ”The RHS’s decision comes as campaigners try to raise awareness ofthe problems fake grass causes. A Twitter account called Shit Lawns, which claims to “cut through the greenwash” of artificial grass, already has more than 20,000 followers. It is trying to encourage people to sign two petitions, one calling for a ban on the sale ofplastic grass and another calling for an “ecological damage” tax on such lawns. They have gathered 7,260 and 11,272 signatures.However, supporters of fake grass point out that there is also an environmental impact with natural lawns, which need mowing and therefore usually consume electricity or petrol. The industry also points out that real grass requires considerable amounts ofwater, weed killer or other treatments and that people who lay fake grass tend to use their garden more. The industry also claims that people who lay fake grass spend an average of£500 on trees or shrubs for their garden, which provides habitat for insects.In response to another petition last year about banning fake lawns, which gathered 30,000 signatures, the government responded that it has “no plans to ban the use of artificial grass” .It added: “We prefe r to help people and organizations make the right choice rather than legislating on such matters. However, the use of a rtificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage, while measures such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to encourage public authorities to consider sustainable alternatives. ”21. The RHS thinks that plastic grass .[A] is harmful to the environment[B] is a hot topic in gardening circles[C] is overpraised in the annual show[D] is ruining the view ofwest London22. The petitions mentioned in para.3 reveal the campaigner's .[A] disappointment with the RHS[B] resistance to fake grass use[C] anger over the proposed tax[D] concern above real grass supply23. In para 4, supporters of fake grass point out that .[A] the necessity to lower the costs of fake grass[B] the disadvantages of growing real grass[C] the way to take care of a rtificial lawns[D] the challenges of insect habitat protection24. What would the government do with regard to artificial grass?[A] urge legislation to restrict its use[B] take measures to guarantee its quality[C] remind its users to obey existing rules[D] replace it with sustainable alternatives25. It can be learned from the text that fake grass .[A] is being improved continuously[B] has been a market share decline[C] is becoming affordable[D] has been a controversial productText 2It’s easy to dismiss as ab surd the Trump administration’s ideas for plugging the chronic funding gap of our national parks. Can anyone really think it’s a good idea to allow Amazon deliveries to your tent in Yosemite or food trucks to line up under the redwood trees at Sequoia National Park?But the administration is right about one thing: U.S. national parks are in crisis. Collectively, they have a maintenance backlog of more than $12 billion. Roads, trails, restrooms, visitor centers and other infrastructure are crumbling.But privatizing and commercializing the campgrounds would not be the panacea that the Interior Department’s Outdoor Advisory Committee would have us believe. Campgrounds are a tiny portion ofthe overall infrastructure backlog, and concessionaires in the parks hand over, on average, only about 5% oftheir revenues to the National Park Service.Moreover, increased privatization would certainly undercut one ofthe major reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year: to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily life.The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starved of funding. We conducted a comprehensive survey examining how U.S. residents view their national parks, and we found that Americans place a very high value on them — whether or not they actually visit them. The peer- reviewed economic survey of700 U.S. taxpayers, conducted by mail and internet, also found that people would be willing to pay a significant amount ofmoney to make sure the parks and theirprograms are kept intact. Some 81% of r espondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.The national parks provide great value to U.S. residents both as places to escape and as symbols of n ature. On top ofthis, they produce value from their extensive educational programs, theirpositive impact on the climate through carbon sequestration, their contribution to our cultural and artistic life, and of course through tourism. The parks also help keep America’s past alive,working with thousands of local j urisdictions around the country to protect historical sites —including Ellis Island and Gettysburg — and to bring the stories ofthese places to life.The parks do all this on a shoestring. Congress allocates only $3 billion a year to the national park system — an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part ofthe Obama stimulus package. Meanwhile, the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50% since 1980, and now stands at 330 million visitors per year.26. What problem are U.S. national parks faced with?[A] decline of b usiness profits[B] inadequate commercialization[C] lack oftransportation services[D] poorly maintained infrastructure27. Increased privatization ofthe campground may ?[A] spoil visitor experience[B] help preserve nature[C] bring operational pressure[D] boost visits to parks28. According to para.5, most respondents in the survey would ?[A] go to the national parks on a regular basis[B] advocate a bigger budget for the national parks[C] pay extra for the national parks[D] support the national parks' recent reforms29. The national parks are valuable in that they[A] lead the way in tourism[B] have historical significance[C] sponsor research on climate[D] provide an income for locals30. It can be concluded from the text that the national park system[A] is able to cope with shortages[B] is able to meet visitors' demand[C] is in need of a new pricing policy[D] is in need of a funding increaseText 3The Internet maybe changing merely what we remember, not our capacity to do so, suggests Columbia University psychology professor Betsy Sparrow. In 201, Sparrow led a study in which participants were asked to record 40 facts in a computer ("an ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain, for example). Half ofthe participants were told the information would be erased, while the other halfwere told it would be saved. Guess what? The latter group made no effort to recall theinformation when quizzed on it later, because they knew they could find it on their computers. In the same study, a group was asked to remember their information and the folders it was stored in. They didn't remember their information. But they remembered how to find the folders. In other words, human memory is not deteriorating but "adapting to new communications technology," Sparrow says.In a very practical way, the Internet is becoming an external hard drive for our memories, a process known as "cognitive offloading." "Traditionally, this role was fulfilled by data banks, libraries, and other humans. Your father may never remember birthdays because your mother does, for instance. Some worry that this is having a destructive effect on society, but Sparrow sees an upside. Perhaps, she suggests, the trend will change our approach to learning from a focus on individual facts and memorization to an emphasis on more conceptual thinking -something that isnot available on the Internet." I personally have never seen all that much intellectual value in memorizing things," Sparrow says, adding that we haven't lost our ability to do it.Still, other experts say it's too soon to understand how the Internet affects our brains. There is no experimental evidence showing that it interferes with our ability to focus, for instance, wrote psychologists Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons. And surfing the web exercised the brainmore than reading did among computer-save older adults in a 2008 study involving 24 participants at the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at the University ofCalifornia, Los Angeles.There maybe costs associated with our increased reliance on the Internet but I'd have to imagine that overall the benefits are going to outweigh those costs, observes psychology professor Benjamin Storm:'It seems pretty clear that memory is changing, but is it changing for the better? At this point, we don't know.31. Sparrow's study shows that with the Internet, the human brain will[A] analyze information in detail[B] collect information efficiently[C] switch its focus of memory[D] extend its memory duration32. The process of "cognitive offloading"[A] helps us identify false information[B] keeps our memory from failing[C] enables us to classify trivial facts[D] lessens our memory burdens33. Which ofthe following would Sparrow support about the Internet?[A] It may reform our way of learning[B] It may impact our society negatively[C] It may enhance our adaptability to technology[D] It may interfere with our conceptual thinking34. It is indicated in Para 3 that how the Internet affects our brains?[A] requires further academic research[B] is most studies in older adults[C] is reflected in our reading speed[D] depends on our web-surfing habits35. Neither Sparrow nor Storm would agree that[A] our reliance on the Internet will be costly[B] the Internet is weakening our memory[C] memory exercise is a must for our brain[D] our ability to focus decline with ageText 4Teenagers are paradoxical. That's a mild and detached way of saying something that parents often express with considerably stronger language. But the paradox is scientific as well as personal. In adolescence, helpless and dependent children who have relied on grown-ups for just about everything become independent people who can take care ofthemselves and help each other. At the same time, once cheerful and compliant children become rebellious teenage risk-takers, often to the point of self-destruction. Accidental deaths go up dramatically in adolescence.A new study published in the journal Child Development, by Eveline Crone ofthe University of Leiden and colleagues, suggests that the positive and negative sides ofteenagers go hand in hand. The study is part of a new wave of thinking about adolescence. For a long time, scientists and policymakers concentrated on the idea that teenagers were a problem that needed to be solved. The new work emphasizes that adolescence is a time of opportunity as well as risk.The researchers studied “prosocial”and rebellious traits in more than 200 children and young adults, ranging from 11 to 28 years old. The participants filled out questionnaires about how often they did things that were altruistic and positive, like sacrificing their own interests to help a friend, or rebellious and negative, like getting drunk or staying out late. Other studies have shown that rebellious behavior increases as you become a teenager and then fades away as you grow older. But the new study shows that, interestingly, the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior. Teenagers were more likely than younger children or adults to report that they did things like unselfishly help a friend.Most significantly, there was a positive correlation between prosociality and rebelliousness. The teenagers who were more rebellious were also more likely to help others. The good and bad sides of adolescence seem to develop together.Is there some common factor that underlies these apparently contradictory developments? One idea is that teenage behavior is related to what researchers call “reward sensitivity.”Decision- making always involves balancing rewards and risks, benefits and costs. “Reward sensitivity”measures how much reward it takes to outweigh risk.Teenagers are particularly sensitive to social rewards—winning the game, impressing a new friend, getting that boy to notice you. Reward sensitivity, like prosocial behavior and risk-taking, seems to go up in adolescence and then down again as we age. Somehow, when you hit 30, the chance that something exciting and new will happen at that partyjust doesn’t seem to outweigh the effort ofgetting up offthe couch.36. According to Paragraph 1, children growing into adolescence tend to[A] develop opposite personality traits[B] see the world in an unreasonable way[C] have fond memories ofthe past[D] show attention for their parents37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that Crone's study[A] explores teenagers' social resposibilities[B] examines teenagers' emotional problems[C] provides a new insight into adolescence[D] highlight negative adolescent behaviour38. What does Crone's study find about prosocial behavior?[A] It results from the wish to cooperate[B] It is cultivated through education[C] It is subject to family influence[D] It tends to peak in adolescence39. It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that teenagers[A] overstress their influence on others[B] care a lot about social recognition[C] become anxious about their future[D] endeavor to live a joyful life40. What is the text mainly about?[A] why teenagers are self-contradictory[B] why teenagers are risk-sensitive[C] How teenagers develop prosociality[D] How teenagers become independentPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each ofthe numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 10 points)Net-zero rules set to send cost of new homes and extensions soaringNew building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes, as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones.The rules, which came into effect on Wednesday in England, are part ofgovernment plans to reduce the UK’s carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. They set new standards for ventilation, energy efficiency and heating, and state that new residential buildings must have charging points for electric vehicles.The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years, and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage ofmaterials and high labour costs is already driving up bills.Brian Berry, chief executive ofthe Federation ofMaster Builders, a trade group for small and medium-sized builders, says the measures will require new materials, testing methods, productsand systems to be installed. “All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high. Inevitably, consumers will hav e to pay more,” he says.Gareth Belsham, of surveyors Naismiths, says people who are upgrading, or extending their home, will be directly affected.“The biggest changes relate to heating and insulation,” he says.“There are new rules concerning the amount ofglazing used in extensions, and any new windows or doors must be highly insulated.”Windows and doors will have to adhere to higher standards, while there are new limits on the amount ofglazing you can have to reduce unwanted heat from the sun.Thomas Goodman, ofMyJobQuote, a site which sources quotes, says this will bring in new restrictions for extensions.“Glazing on windows, doors and rooflights must cover no more than 25% ofthe floor area to prevent heat loss, ” he says.As the rules came into effect last Wednesday, property developers were rushing to file plans just before the deadline. Any plans submitted before that date are considered to be under the previous rules, and can go ahead as long as work starts before 15 June next year.Builders which have costed projects, but have not filed the paperwork, may need to go back and submit fresh estimates, says Marcus Jefford ofBuild Aviator, which prices projects.As the changes are aimed to make homes more energy efficient, they will eventually drive down heating bills. But in the short-term homeowners are likely to face higher costs for work. Materials prices are already up 25% in the last two years, according to figures from the Construction Products Association. How much overall prices will increase as a result ofthe rule changes is not clear. “While admirable in their intentions, they will add to the cost of housebuilding at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of h omeownership,”says Rolande. “An average extension will probably see around £3,000 additional cost thanks to the new ”regs .John Kelly, a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm, believes prices will eventually come down. But not in the immediate future. “As the marketpla ce adapts to the new requirements, and the technologies that support them, the scaling up ofthese technologies will eventually bring costs down, but in the short term, we will all have to pay the price ofthe necessary transition,” he says.However, the long-term effects ofthe changes will be more comfortable and energy-efficient homes, adds Andrew Mellor. “Homeowners will probably recoup that cost over time in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment, but they will have that benefit overtime . ”Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 15 points)In the late 18th century, William Wordsworth became famous for his poems about nature. And he was one ofthe founders of a movement called Romanticism, which celebrated the wonders of the natural world.Poetry is powerful. Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader, transport them to another world and make them see things differently. Through carefully selected words and phrases, poems can be dramatic, funny, beautiful, moving and inspiring.No one knows for sure when poetry began but it has been around for thousands ofyears, even before people could write. It was a way to tell stories and pass down history. It is closely related to song and even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud. Poems really cometo life when they are recited. This can also help with understanding them too, because the rhythm and sounds ofthe words become clearer.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:An art exhibition and a robot show are to beheld on Sunday, your friend David asks which one he should go to. Write him an email to1) make a suggestion, and2) give your reason(s)Write your answer in about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in your email, use Li Ming instead. ( 10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should1) describe and interpret the chart and2) give your comments.You should write at least 150 words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET ( 15 points)2012-2021 年我国居民健康素养水平*健康素养（health literacy）。
2023年考研英语二题目分布
2023年考研英语二题目分布在2023年考研英语二试卷中，题目分布呈现了一定的规律和特点，以下将对2023年考研英语二题目分布进行详细的分析和梳理。
一、阅读理解题目分布阅读理解一直是考研英语二试卷中的重要组成部分，通过阅读理解题目可以考察考生的阅读能力和理解能力。
2023年考研英语二中的阅读理解题目分布如下：1. 散文类阅读理解题目：散文类阅读理解题目一直是考研英语二试卷中的重点，2023年考研英语二试卷中涉及了一些散文类的阅读理解题目，考察了考生对于文学类作品的理解和解析能力。
2. 科普类阅读理解题目：科普类作品在2023年考研英语二阅读理解题目中也有所体现，如涉及科技、环境等题材，考察了考生对于专业领域知识的理解和运用能力。
3. 历史类阅读理解题目：历史类作品作为一种重要的文化遗产，在2023年考研英语二试卷中也有所涉及，考察了考生对于历史事件和历史文化的理解和分析能力。
二、完形填空题目分布完形填空作为考研英语二试卷中的另一大题型，也是对考生综合语言能力的考察。
2023年考研英语二中的完形填空题目分布如下：1. 文学类完形填空题目：涉及文学作品的完形填空题目考察了考生对于文学作品的整体把握和对于文学语言的理解能力。
2. 科普类完形填空题目：科普类完形填空题目则考察了考生对于专业领域知识的掌握和运用能力。
3. 社会类完形填空题目：2023年考研英语二试卷中也出现了涉及社会热点问题的完形填空题目，考察了考生对于社会现象和问题的关注和分析能力。
三、翻译题目分布在2023年考研英语二试卷中，翻译题目依然是一个重要的考察点，通过翻译题目可以考察考生的语言表达能力和对于英汉互译的掌握程度。
2023年考研英语二中的翻译题目分布如下：1. 英译汉题目：英译汉题目要求考生将给定的英文材料翻译成中文，涉及了文学作品、科技领域等各个方面，考察了考生对于英文表达的理解和运用能力。
2. 汉译英题目：汉译英题目则要求考生将给定的中文材料翻译成英文，涉及了文学作品、社会现象等各个方面，考察了考生对于中文表达的理解和转换能力。
2023年考研英语二真题和答案-(2)
Directions:Rea.th.followin.passage.Fo.eac.numbere.blan.ther.ar.fou.choice.marke.A.B..an.D.Choos.th.bes.on. an.mar.you.answer.o.ANSWE.SHEE.l.(1.points)Th.outbrea.o.swin.fl.tha.wa.firs.detecte.i.Mexic.wa.declare..globa.epidemi.o.Jun.11.2023.I.i.th.firs .worldwid.epidemic_____1____anizatio.i.4.years.The heightened alert _____2_____an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_____3_____in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.Bu.th.epidemi.i."_____4_____anization'.directo.ge neral._____5____.symptom.an..ful.recovery. ofte.i.th._____6____.o.an.medica.treatment.Th.outbrea.cam.t.global_____7_____rg. numbe.o.hospitalization.an.deaths_____8_____health.adults.A.muc.o.Mexic.Cit.shu.dow.a.th.heig h.o..panic.case.bega.t._____9_____i.Ne.Yor.City.th.southwester.Unite.State.an.aroun.th.world.I.th.Unite.States.ne.case.seeme.t.fade_____10_____t.Septembe.2023 .official.reporte.ther.wa._____11_____fl.activit.i.almos.ever.stat.an.tha.virtuall.al.the_____12____ _teste.ar.th.ne.swin.flu.als.know.a.(A.H1N1.no.seasona.flu.I.th.U.S..i.has_____13_____mor.tha.on .millio.people.an.cause.mor.tha.60.death.an.mor.tha.6,00.hospitalizations.Federa.healt.officials_____14_____Tamifl.fo.childre.fro.th.nationa.stockpil.an.began_____15___ __order.fro.th.state.fo.th.ne.swin.fl.vaccine.Th.ne.vaccine.whic.i.differen.fro.th.annua.fl.vaccine.i. ____16____lio.dose.wer.t.b.mad.availabl.i.earl.Octobe.2023.t houg.mos.o.thos._____17_____dose.wer.o.th.FluMis.nasa.spra.type.whic.i.not_____18_____fo.pr egnan.women.peopl.ove.5.o.thos.wit.breathin.difficulties.hear.diseas.o.severa.othe._____19_____. Bu.i.wa.stil.possibl.t.vaccinat.peopl.i.othe.high-ris.group.healt.car.workers.peopl._____20_____infant.an.health.youn.people.1 [A] criticized [B] appointed [C]commented [D] designated2 [A] proceeded [B] activated [C] followed [D] prompted3 [A] digits [B] numbers [C] amounts[D] sums4 [A] moderate [B] normal [C] unusual [D] extreme5 [A] with [B] in [C] from [D] by6 [A] progress [B] absence [C] presence[D] favor7 [A] reality [B] phenomenon [C] concept[D] notice8.[A]over [B.fo. [C.amon.[D.t.9 [A] stay up [B] crop up [C] fill up[D] cover up10 [A] as [B] if [C] unless[D] until11 [A] excessive [B] enormous [C] significant[D]magnificent12 [A]categories [B] examples [C] patterns[D] samples13 [A] imparted [B] immerse [C] injected [D] infected14 [A] released [B] relayed [C] relieved [D] remained15 [A] placing [B] delivering [C] taking [D] giving16 [A] feasible [B] available [C] reliable[D] applicable17 [A] prevalent [B] principal [C] innovative [D] initial18 [A] presented [B] restricted [C] recommended[D] introduced19 [A] problems [B] issues [C] agonies[D] sufferings20 [A] involved in [B] caring for [C] concerned with[D] warding offSection Ⅱ Reading comprehensionPart ADirections:Rea.th.followin.fou.passages.Answe.th.question.belo.eac.passag.b.choosin.A.B..an.D.Mar.you.ans wer.o.ANSWE.SHEE.1.(4.points)Text1Th.longes.bul.ru.i..centur.o.art-marke.histor.ende.o..dramati.not.wit..sal.o.5.work.b.Damie.Hirst.“Beautifu.Insid.M.Hea.Forever”, a.Sotheby’.i.Londo.o.Septembe.15t.2023.Al.bu.tw.piece.sold.fetchin.mor.tha.￡s.victory.A.th.auctionee.calle.ou.bids.i.Ne.Yor.on.o.th.ol des.bank.o.Wal.Street.Lehma.Brothers.file.fo.bankruptcy.Th.worl.ar.marke.ha.alread.bee.losin.momentu.fo..whil.afte.risin.bewilderingl.sinc.2023.A.it.pea.i. 202.i.wa.wort.som.$6.billion.reckon.Clar.McAndrew.founde.o.Art.Economics..researc.firm—.dow.t.$5.billion.Bu.th.marke.generate.interes.fa.beyon.it.siz.becaus.i.bring.togethe.grea.wealth.enormou.egos.greed.passio.an.controvers.i..wa.m atche.b.fe.othe.industries.I.th.week.an.month.tha.followe.M.Hirst’.sale.spendin.o.an.sor.becam.deepl.unfashionable.especi all.i.Ne.York.wher.th.bail-ou.o.th.bank.coincide.wit.th.los.o.thousand.o.job.an.th.financia.demis.o.man.art-buyin.investors.I.th.ar.worl.tha.mean.collector.staye.awa.fro.gallerie.an.salerooms.Sale.o.contemp orar.ar.fel.b.two-thirds.an.i.th.mos.overheate.sector—fo.Chines.contemporar.art—the.wer.dow.b.nearl.90.i.th.yea.t.Novembe.2023.Withi.week.th.world’.tw.bigges.auctio.houses.S otheby’.an.Christie’s.ha.t.pa.ou.nearl.$200.i.guarantee.t.client.wh.ha.place.work.fo.sal.wit.them.Th.curren.downtur.i.th.ar.marke.i.th.wors.sinc.th.Japanes.stoppe.buyin.Impressionist.a.th.en.o.198 9..mov.tha.starte.th.mos.seriou.contractio.i.th.marke.sinc.th.Secon.Worl.War.Thi.tim.expert.recko.t ha.price.ar.abou.40.dow.o.thei.pea.o.average.thoug.som.hav.bee.fa.mor.fluctuant.Bu.Edwar.Dolma n.Christie’.chie.executive.says.“I’.prett.confiden.we’r.a.th.bottom.”st.h.says.i.tha.ther.ar.stil.buyer.i.th.market.wherea.i.th.earl.199 0s.whe.interes.rate.wer.high.ther.wa.n.deman.eve.thoug.man.collector.wante.t.sell.Christie’.reven ue.i.th.firs.hal.o.202.wer.stil.highe.tha.i.th.firs.hal.o.2023.Almos.everyon.wh.wa.interviewe.fo.thi.s c.o.goo.wor.t.sell.Th.thre.Ds—death.deb.an.divorce—stil.delive.work.o.ar.t.th.market.Bu.anyon.wh.doe.no.hav.t.sel.i.keepin.away.waitin.fo.confidenc.t.r eturn.21.In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory” because ____.A.th.ar.marke.ha.witnesse..successio.o.victoriesB.th.auctionee.finall.go.th.tw.piece.a.th.highes.bidsC.Beautifu.Insid.M.Hea.Foreve.wo.ove.al.masterpiecesD.i.wa.successfull.mad.jus.befor.th.worl.financia.crisis22.B.sayin.“spendin.o.an.sor.becam.deepl.unfashionable”(Lin.1-2,Para.3), th.autho.suggest.that_____.A.collector.wer.n.longe.activel.involve.i.art-marke.auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC.ar.collectio.a..fashio.ha.los.it.appea.t..grea.extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23.Whic.o.th.followin.statement.i.NO.true?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2023 to 2023.B.Th.ar.marke.surpasse.man.othe.industrie.i.momentum.C.Th.marke.generall.wen.downwar.i.variou.ways.e.s.paragrap.ar.____A.auctio.house..favoritesB.contemporar.trendsC.factor.promotin.artwor.circulationD.style.representin.impressionists25.Th.mos.appropriat.titl.fo.thi.tex.coul.b.___A.Fluctuatio.o.Ar.PricesB.Up-to-dat.Ar.AuctionsC.Ar.Marke.i.DeclineD.Shifte.Interes.i.ArtsText2.wa.addressin..smal.gatherin.i..suburba.Virgini.livin.room—.women'.grou.tha.ha.invite.me.t.joi.them.Throughou.th.evenin.on.ma.ha.bee.particularl.talkative.fr equentl.offerin.idea.an.anecdotes.whil.hi.wif.sa.silentl.besid.hi.o.th.couch.Towar.th.en.o.th.evenin. plai.tha.thei.husband.don'.tal.t.them.Thi.ma.quickl.nodde.i.agr eement.H.gesture.towar.hi.wif.an.said."She'ughter.th.ma.loo ke.puzzle.an.hurt."It'.true,.h.explained.".hom.fro.work..hav.nothin.t.say.I.sh.didn'.kee.th. conversatio.going.we'.spen.th.whol.evenin.i.silence."Thi.episod.crystallize.th.iron.tha.althoug.America.me.ten.t.tal.mor.tha.wome.i.publi.situations.the. ofte.tal.les.a.home.An.thi.patter.i.wreakin.havo.wit.marriage.t.1970s.Sociologis.Catherin.Kohle.Riessma.report.i.he.ne.boo."Divorc.Talk.tha.mos.o.th.wome.sh.interviewed—bu.onl..fe.o.th.men—municatio.a.th.reaso.fo.thei.divorces.Give.th.curren.divorc.rat.o.nearl.5.percent, lion.o.case.i.th.Unite.State.ever.yea.—.virtua.epidemi.o.faile.conversation.plaint.fro.wome.abou.thei.husband.mos.ofte.focuse.no.o.tangibl.inequitie.suc.a munication. "H.doesn'.liste.t.me.."H.doesn'.tal.t.me...foun.a.Hacke.observe.year.befor.tha.mos.wive.wan.thei.h usband.t.b.firs.an.foremos.conversationa.partner.bu.fe.husband.shar.thi.expectatio.o.thei.wives.I.shor.th.imag.tha.bes.represent.th.curren.crisi.i.th.stereotypica.cartoo.scen.o..ma.sittin.a.th.breakfa s.tabl.wit..newspape.hel.u.i.fron.o.hi.face.whil..woma.glare.a.th.bac.o.it.wantin.t.talk.26.Wha.i.mos.wives.mai.expectatio.o.thei.husbands?A.Talkin.t.them.B.Trustin.them.C.Supportin.thei.careers.D.Sharin.housework.27.Judgin.fro.th.context.th.phras.“wreakin.havoc”(Lin.3,Para.2)mos.probabl.mean.__..A.generatin.motivation.B.exertin.influenceC.causin.damageD.creatin.pressure28.Al.o.th.followin.ar.tru.EXCEPT_______A.me.ten.t.tal.mor.i.publi.tha.womenB.nearl.5.percen.o.recen.divorce.ar.cause.b.faile.conversationmunicatio.betwee.couplesD..femal.tend.t.b.mor.talkativ.a.hom.tha.he.spouse29.Whic.o.th.followin.ca.bes.summariz.th.mai.ide.o.thi.text?A.Th.mora.decayin.deserve.mor.researc.b.sociologists.B.Marriag.break-u.stem.fro.se.inequalities.C.Husban.an.wif.hav.differen.expectation.fro.thei.marriage.D.Conversationa.pattern.betwee.ma.an.wif.ar.different.30.I.th.followin.par.immediatel.afte.thi.text.th.autho.wil.mos.probabl.focu.o.______A..vivi.accoun.o.th.ne.boo.Divorc.TalkB..detaile.descriptio.o.th.stereotypica.cartoonC.othe.possibl.reason.fo..hig.divorc.rat.i.th.U.S.D..brie.introductio.t.th.politica.scientis.Andre.HackerText 3panie.ha.perfecte.th.ar.o.creatin.automati.behavior..habit..amon.consu panie.ear.billion.o.dollar.whe.customer.ea.snacks.appl.lotion.an.wip .counter.almos.withou.thinking.ofte.i.respons.t..carefull.designe.se.o.dail.cues.“Ther.ar.fundamenta.publi.healt.problems.lik.dirt.hand.instea.o..soa.habit.tha.remai.killer.onl.bec aus.w.can’.figur.ou.ho.t.chang.people’.habits,.Dr.Curti.said.“W.wante.t.lear.fro.privat.industr.ho.t.creat.ne.behavior.tha.happe.automatically.”lion.o.dollar.findin.th.subtl.cue.i.consumers.live.tha. .t.introduc.ne.routines.I.yo.loo.har.enough.you’.ever.da..chewin.gums.ski.moisturizers.disinfectin.wipes.ai.freshene rs.wate.purifiers.healt.snacks.antiperspirants.colognes.teet.whiteners.fabri.softeners.vitamins.ar.res ult.o.manufacture.habits..centur.ago.fe.peopl.regularl.brushe.thei.teet.multipl.time..day.Today.beca us.o.cann.advertisin.an.publi.healt.campaigns.man.American.habituall.giv.thei.pearl.white..cavity-preventin.scru.twic..day.ofte.wit.Colgate.Cres.o.on.o.th.othe.brands..fe.decade.ago.man.peopl.didn’panie.starte.b ottlin.th.productio.o.far-of.springs.an.no.offic.worker.unthinkingl.si.bottle.wate.al.da.long.Chewin.gum.onc.bough.primaril .afte..meal.Ski.m oisturizer.ar.advertise.a.par.o.mornin.beaut.rituals.slippe.i.betwee.hai.brushin.an.puttin.o.makeup.“Ou.product.succee.whe.the.becom.par.o.dail.o.weekl.patterns,.sai.Caro.Berning..consume.psych pan.tha.sol.$7.billio.o.Tide.Cres.an.othe.product.las.year.“Creatin.positiv.habit.i..hug.par.o.improvin.ou.consumers.lives.an.it’.essentia.t.makin.ne.produ merciall.viable.”Throug.experiment.an.observation.socia.scientist.lik.Dr.Bernin.hav.learne.tha.ther.i.powe.i.tyin.cer tai.behavior.t.habitua.cue.throug.relentles.advertising.A.thi.ne.scienc.o.habi.ha.emerged.controvers e.t.sel.questionabl.beaut.cream.o.unhealth.foods.31.Accordin.t.Dr.Curtis.habit.lik.han.washin.wit.soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed gradually[C] are deeply rooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32.Bottle.water.chewin.gu.an.ski.moisturizer.ar.mentione.i.Paragrap..s.a.to____[A] reveal their impact on people’s habits[B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C] indicate their effect on people’s buying power[D] manifest the significant role of good habits33.Whic.o.th.followin.doe.NO.belon.t.product.tha.hel.creat.people’.habits?[A]Tide[B] Crest[C] Colgate[D] Unilever34.Fro.th.tex.w.kno.tha.som.o.consumer’.habit.ar.develope.du.t._____[A]perfected art of products[B]automatic behavior creation[C]commercial promotions[D]scientific experiments35.Th.author’.attitud.towar.th.influenc.o.advertisemen.o.people’.habit.is____[A] indifferent[B] negative[C] positive[D] biasedText4Man.American.regar.th.jur.syste.a..concret.expressio.o.crucia.democrati.values.includin.th.principl peten.t.serv.o.juries.tha.j munity.tha.n.citize.shoul.b.deni e.th.righ.t.serv.o..jur.o.accoun.o.race.religion.sex.o.nationa.origin.tha.defendant.ar.entitle.t.tria.b.th w.Th.jur.i.als.sai.t.b.th.bes.survivin.exampl.o.direc.rathe.tha.representativ.democracy.I..direc.democracy.citi er.fo.them.Bu.a.recentl.a.i.1986.jur.selectio.procedure.conflicte.wit.thes.democrati.ideals.I.som.states.fo.exa cation.an.mora.character.Altho ug.th.Suprem.Cour.o.th.Unite.State.ha.prohibite.intentiona.racia.discriminatio.i.jur.selectio.a.earl.a .th.188.cas.o.Straude.v.Wes.Virginia.th.practic.o.selectin.so-calle.elit.o.blue-ws.Th.syste.als.faile.t.regularl.includ.wome.o.jurie.unti.th.mid-20t.century.Althoug.wome.firs.serve.o.stat.jurie.i.Uta.i.1898.i.wa.no.unti.th.1940.tha..majorit.o.sta te.mad.wome.eligibl.fo.jur.duty.Eve.the.severa.state.automaticall.exempte.wome.fro.jur.dut.unles.t .include.o.th.jur.list.Thi.practic.wa.justifie.b.th.clai.tha.wome.wer .neede.a.home.an.i.kep.jurie.unrepresentativ.o.wome.throug.th.1960s.herin.i..ne.er.o.democrati.r cationa.requirement.fo.federa.juror.an.require.the.t.b.sel ndmar.197.decisio.Taylo.vs.Louisiana.th.S munit.t.th.stat.level.T .th.s am.procedure.fo.selectin.mal.an.femal.jurors.36.Fro.th.principle.o.th.U.jur.system.w.lear.tha.______[A]both liberate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37.Th.practic.o.selectin.so-calle.elit.juror.prio.t.196.showed_____[A]the inadequacy of antidiscrimination laws[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures[D]the arrogance common among the Supreme Court justices38.Eve.i.th.1960s.wome.wer.seldo.o.th.jur.lis.i.som.state.because_____[A]they were automatically banned by state laws[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties[D]they tended to evade public engagement39.Afte.th.Jur.Selectio.an.Servic.Ac.wa.passed.___[A] sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B] educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C] jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D] states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40.I.discussin.th.U.jur.system.th.tex.center.on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics and tradition[C]its problems and their solutions[D]its tradition and development2023年考研英语二真题答案:1 [D] designated2 [C] followed3 [B] numbers4 [A] moderate5 [A] with6 [B] absence .[D.notice8.[C.among.[B.cro.u.1.[A.as 1.[C.significan.1.[D.samples13 [D] infected14 [A] released 15 [C] taking16 [B] available 17 [D] initial18 [C] recommended19 [A] problems20 [B] caring for21 D 22 A 23 B 24 C 25 C26 A 27 C 28 B 29 C 30 C31 A 32 A 33 D 34 C 35 B36 D 37 C 38 C 39 B 40 A。
2023年考研英语二真题及答案
2023年考研英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also,some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstancedfor the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work maybe a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel 18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 ahobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1．[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring 【答案】[C] warning2．[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty【答案】[A] inequality3．[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction【答案】[D] prediction4．[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured【答案】[A] characterized5．[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom 【答案】[B] meaning6．[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless【答案】[B] Indeed7．[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated 【答案】[C] working8．[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute【答案】[A] explanation9．[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among【答案】[D] among10．[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside【答案】[C] worry about11．[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically【答案】[C] necessarily12．[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles【答案】[B] downsides13．[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course【答案】[A] absence14．[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield【答案】[D] yield15．[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship【答案】[C] virtue16．[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce【答案】[D] scarce17．[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats【答案】[A] demands18．[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved【答案】[B] tired19．[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into 【答案】[D] into20．[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal【答案】[B] professionalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run—up to 2023—but the general population was growing faster.Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2023 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”, concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successivegovernments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has .[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C] strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival【答案】[A] gained great popularity22. The author believes that London’s Olympic“legacy” has failed to .[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participation[C] improve the city’s image[D] increase sport hours in schools【答案】[B] promote sport participation23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it .[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers【答案】[C] does not emphasize elitism24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should .[A] organize “grassroots” sports events[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities【答案】[D] invest in public sports facilities25. The author’s attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is .[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympathetic【答案】[B] criticalText 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it’s easyfor parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine. ”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not givingthem any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’ use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designedto ______.[A] simplify routine matters[B] absorb user attention[C] better interpersonal relations[D] increase work efficiency【答案】[B] absorb user attention27. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’use of devices ______.[A] takes away babies’ appetite[B] distracts children’s attention[C] slows down babies’ verbal development[D] reduces mother-child communication【答案】[D] reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that _______.[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ mood[D] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs【答案】[D] parents need to respond to children’s emotionalneeds29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year[C] ensure constant interaction with their children[D] remain concerned about kid’s use of screens【答案】[C] ensure constant interaction with their children30. According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_______.[A] give their parents some free time[B] make their parents more creative[C] help them with their homework[D] help them become more attentive【答案】[A] give their parents some free timeText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,”whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you’re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a yearoff to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that .[A] they think it academically misleading[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college[C] it feels strange to do differently from others[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses【答案】[C] it feels strange to do differently from others 32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps .[A] keep students from being unrealistic[B] lower risks in choosing careers[C] ease freshmen’s financial burdens[D] relieve freshmen of pressures【答案】[D] relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word “acclimation” (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to .[A] adaptation[B] application[C] motivation[D] competition【答案】[A] adaptation34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them .[A] avoid academic failures[B] establish long-term goals[C] switch to another college[D] decide on the right major【答案】[D] decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be .[A] In Favor of the Gap Year[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year[C] The Gap Year Comes Back[D] The Gap Year: A Dilemma【答案】[A] In Favor of the Gap YearText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2023, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency’s other work—such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from otheragencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,” he says.” We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minute, is this OK?”“Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change—how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways,” he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to “an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what thesolution is becomes very limited.”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says.“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says. “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today.”36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2023 they .[A] exhausted unprecedented management efforts[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget[C] severely damaged the ecology of western states[D] caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure【答案】[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget37. Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass” to .[A] raise more funds for fire-prone areas[B] avoid the redirection of federal money[C] find wildfire-free parts of the landscape[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds【答案】[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that .[A] public debates have not settled yet[B] fire-fighting conditions are improving[C] other factors should not be overlooked[D] a shift in the view of fire has taken place【答案】[C] other factors should not be overlooked39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to .[A] discover the fundamental makeup of nature[B] explore the mechanism of the human systems[C] maximize the role of landscape in human life[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature【答案】[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature 40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should .[A] do away with[B] come to terms with[C] pay a price for[D] keep away from【答案】[B] come to terms withPart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We don’t make anything anymore,”he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up withtoo few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on wages. “They’re harder to find and they have job offers,” says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, “They may be coming [into the workforce], but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing,”Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young JasonStenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It’s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. “I love working with tools. I love creating.” he says. But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession,” says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren’t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2023. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.“The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to havemuch skill. It’s that gap in between, and that’s where the problem is. ”Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives,” she says.[A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.41. Jay Deuwell [B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill.42. Jason Stenquist [C] points out that the US doesn’t manufacture anything anymore.43. Birgit Klohs [D] believes that it is important to keepa close eye on the age of his workers.44. Rob Spohr [E] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition.45.Julie Parks [F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing.[G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for thelay-off the young people’s parents.【答案】41 [E] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition. 42 [A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.43 [G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the young people’s parents.44 [B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill45 [F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturingSection III Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realized I was not good enough in this area to compete with othercreative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be honest, I saidit , because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream—I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry atall! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media Promotion.”【参考译文】我始终幻想着能找到一个结合时尚与出版的”工作。
2023考研英语二新题型解析
2023考研英语二新题型解析摘要：1.2023 考研英语二新题型概述2.新题型的特点和难点3.应对新题型的策略和方法4.结论正文：随着2023 年考研英语二的日益临近，考生们对于新题型的解析和应对策略越来越关注。
本文将对2023 年考研英语二新题型进行解析，并提供相应的应对策略，帮助考生更好地应对考试。
一、2023 考研英语二新题型概述2023 年考研英语二题型主要包括阅读理解、完形填空、翻译等。
与往年相比，今年的新题型在阅读理解和完形填空部分有所创新，增加了对考生逻辑思维和词汇运用能力的考察。
二、新题型的特点和难点1.阅读理解部分：文章难度相对较高，涉及的词汇和语法知识更加丰富。
题目类型多样，包括事实细节题、推理判断题、主旨大意题等。
考生需要具备较强的阅读理解能力和逻辑思维能力。
2.完形填空部分：题目难度相对稳定，但题型更加多样化。
除了传统的完形填空题，还增加了选词填空和同义词辨析等题型。
考生需要具备较强的词汇运用能力和语境理解能力。
三、应对新题型的策略和方法1.提高阅读理解能力：考生需要通过大量的阅读练习，提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
同时，要学会利用逻辑思维，从文章的整体结构和脉络出发，进行推理和判断。
2.加强词汇运用能力：考生需要积累足够的词汇量，熟练掌握词义、词性和搭配。
在完形填空和同义词辨析题型中，要善于根据语境和词义进行筛选和判断。
3.注重练习和总结：考生需要多做真题和新题型练习，及时总结自己的错误和不足。
通过不断地练习和总结，提高自己的应试能力。
四、结论2023 年考研英语二新题型虽然在阅读理解和完形填空部分有所创新，但考生只要通过针对性的训练和练习，提高自己的应试能力，就能够顺利应对考试。
2023年考研英语二考试真题及答案解析
2023年考研英语二考试真题及答案解析考研英语二考试真题及答案解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishHere’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you’re the CEO of a small business and though youre making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. what you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Lets look at a real-world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees.Working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasnt due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.Armed with this 12 , the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14 , upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth, team to succeed, it needs to a have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement.This leader will 16 the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals. This growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractions. 19 attractive, new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.1.A. purchase B. profit C. connection D. bet2.A. define B. predict C. prioritize D. appreciate3.A. exclusively B. temporarily C. potentially D. initially4.A. experiment B. proposal C. debate D. example5.A. identical B. marginal C. provisional D. traditional6.A. rumor B. secret C. myth D. problem7.A. despite B. unlike C. through D. besides8.A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. again9.A. inspected B. created C. expanded D. reformed10.A.cultural B. objective C. fresh D. personal11.A. end B. burden C. lack D. decrease12.A. policy B. suggestion C. purpose D. insight13.A. contributing B. allocating C. promoting D. transferring14.A. As a result B. At any rate C. By the way D. In a sense15.A. unite B. finance C. follow D. choose16.A. share B. identify C. divide D. broaden17.A. announcement B. assessment C. adjustment D. accomplishment18.A. famous B. responsible C. available D. respectable19.A. Before B. Once C. While D. Unless20.A. serve B. limit C. summarize D. alter【1】B. profit 原文提到“小公司的CEO也挣到了大钱”。
2023年考研英语二真题和答案
2023年研究生考试英语二真题和答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Here's a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you're the CEO of a small business, and though you're making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. What you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Let's look at a real-world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees working in the 5 departments of engineering marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project-marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.Armed with this 12 the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14 , upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth team to succeed, it needs to have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement. This leader will 16 the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals.The growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focused on moving forward and steering them clear of distractions. 19 attractive new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don't 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.1. A. purchase B. profit C. connection D. bet2. A. define B. predict C. prioritize D. appreciate3. A. exclusively B. temporarily C. potentially D. initially4. A. experiment B. proposal C. debate D. example5. A. identical B. marginal C. provisional D. traditional6. A. rumor B. secret C. myth D. problem7. A. despite B. unlike C. through D. beside8. A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. again9. A. inspected B. created C. expanded D. reformed10. A. cultural B. objective C. fresh D. personal11. A. end B. burden C. lack D. decrease12. A. policy B. suggestion C. purpose D. insight13. A. contributing B. allocating C. promoting D. transferring14. A. As a result B. At any rate C. By the way D. In as sense15. A. unite B. finance C. follow D. choose16. A. share B. indentify C. divide D. broaden17. A. announcement B. assessment C. adjustment D. accomplishment18. A. famous B. responsible C. available D. respectable19. A. Before B. Once C. While D. Unless20. A. serve B. limit C. summarize D. alterSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1In the quest for the perfect lawn, homeowners across the country are taking a shortcut – and it is the environment that is paying the price. About eight million square meters of plastic grass is sold each year but opposition has now spread to the highest gardening circles. The Chelsea Flower Show has banned fake grass from this year's event, declaring it to be not part of its ethos. The Royal Horticultural' Society (RHS), which runs the annual show in west London, says it has introduced the ban because of the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity.Ed Horne, of the RHS. Said:” We launched our sustainability strategy last year and fake grass is just not in line with our ethos and views on plastic. We recommend using real grass because of its environmental benefits, which include supporting wildlife, alleviating flooding and cooling the environment.”The RHS's decision comes as campaigners try to raise awareness of the problems fake grass causes. A Twitter account, which claims to “cut through the green wash” of artificial grass, already has more than 20,000 followers. It is trying to encourage people to sign two petitions, one calling for a ban on the sale of plastic grass and another calling for an “ecological damage” tax on such lawns. They have gathered 7,276 and 11,282 signatures.However, supporters of fake grass point out that there is also an environmental impact with natural lawns, which need mowing and therefore usually consume electricity or petrol. The industry also points out that real grass requires considerable amounts of water, weed killer or other treatments and that people who lay fake grass tend to use their garden more. The industry also claims that people who lay fake grass spend an average of $500 on trees or shrubs for their garden, which provides habitat for insects.In response to another petition last year about banning fake lawns, which gathered 30,000 signatures, the government responded that it has “no plans to ban the use of artificial grass”It added: “We prefer to help people and organizations make the right choice rather than legislating on such matters. However, the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguard in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage, while measures, such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to encourage public authorities to strengthen sustainable alternatives.”21. The RHS thinks that plastic grass_________.A. is harmful to the environmentB. is a hot topic in gardening circlesC. is overpraised in the annual showD. is ruining the view of west London22. The petitions mentioned in Paragraph 3 reveal the campaigners_________.A. disappointment with the RHSB. resistance to fake grass useC. anger over the proposed taxD. concern about real grass supply23. In Paragraph 4, supporters of take grass point out_________.A. the necessity to lower the costs of fake grassB. the disadvantages of growing real grassC. the way to take care of artificial lawnsD. the challenges of insect habitat protection24. What should the government do with regard to artificial grass?A. Urge legislation to restrict its use.B. Take measures to guarantees its qualityC. Remind its users to obey existing rulesD. Replay it with sustainable alternatives25. It can be learned from the text take fake grass_________.A. is being improved continuouslyB. has seen a market share declineC. is becoming increasingly affordableD. has been a controversial productText 2It's easy to dismiss as absurd the federal government's ideas for plugging the chronic funding gap of our national parks. Can anyone really think it's a good idea to allow Amazon deliveries to your tent in Yosemite or food trucks to line up under the redwood trees at Sequoia National Park?But the administration is right about one thing: U.S. national parks are in crisis. Collectively, they have a maintenance backlog of more than $12 billion. Roads, trails, restrooms, visitor centers and other infrastructure are crumbling.But privatizing and commercializing the campgrounds would not be the panacea that the Interior Department's Outdoor Advisory Committee would have us believe. Campgrounds are a tiny portion of the overall infrastructure backlog, and concessionaires in the parks hand over, on average, only about 5% of their revenues to the National Park ServiceMoreover, increased privatization would certainly undercut one of the major reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year: to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily life.The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starved of funding. We conducted a comprehensive survey examining how U.S. residents view their national parks, and we found that Americans place a very high value on them-whether or not they actually visit them. The peer-reviewed economic survey of 700 U.S. taxpayers, conducted by mail and internet, also found that people would be willing to pay a significant amount of money to make sure the parks and their programs are kept intact. Some 81% of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.The national parks provide great value to U.S. residents both as places to escape and as symbols of nature. On top of this, they produce value from their extensive educational programs, their positive impact on the climate through carbon sequestration, their contribution to our cultural and artistic life and of course through tourism. The parks also help keep America's past alive, working with thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect historical sites including Ellis Island and Gettysburg and to bring the stories of these places to life.The parks do all this on a shoestring. Congress allocates only $3 billion a year to the national park system-an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus package. Meanwhile, the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50% since 1980, and now stands at 330million visitors per year.26. What problem are U.S. national parks faced with?A. Decline of business profitsB. Inadequate commercializationC. Lack of transportation servicesD. Poorly maintained infrastructure27. Increased privatization of the campground may_________.A. spoil visitor experienceB. help preserve natureC. bring operational pressureD. boost visits to parks28. According to Paragraph 5, most respondents in the survey would_________.A. go to the national parks on a regular basisB. advocate a bigger budget for the national parksC. agree to pay extra for the national parksD. support the national parks’ recent reforms29. The national parks are valuable in that they_________.A. lead the way in tourismB. have historical significanceC. sponsor research on climateD. provide an income for the locals30. It can be concluded from the text that the national park system_________.A. is able to cope with staff shortagesB. is able to meet visitor’ demandsC. is in need of a new pricing policyD. is in need of a funding increaseText 3The Internet may be changing merely what we remember, not our capacity to do so, suggests Columbia University psychology professor Betsy Sparrow. In 2011, Sparrow led a study in which participants were asked to record 40 factoids in a computer (“an ostrich's eye is bigger than its brain,” for example). Half of the participants were told the information would be erased, while the other half were told it would be saved. Guess what? The latter group made no effort to recall the information when quizzed on it later because they knew they could find it on their computers. In the same study, a group was asked to remember both the information and the folders it was stored in. They didn’t remember the information, but they remembered how to find the folders. In other words, human memory is not deteriorating but “adapting to new communications technology,” Sparrow says.In a very practical way, the Internet is becoming an external hard drive for our memories, a process known as “cognitive offloading.” Traditionally, this role was fulfilled by data banks libraries, and other humans. Your father may never remember birthdays because your mother does, for instance. Some worry that this is having a destructive effect on society, but Sparrow sees an upside. Perhaps, she suggests, the trend will change our approach to learning from a focus on individual facts and memorization to an emphasis on more conceptual thinking-something that is not available on the Internet. “ I personally have never seen all that much intellectual value in memorizing things." Sparrow says, adding that we haven't lost our ability to do it.Still other experts say it's too soon to understand how the Internet affects our brains. There is no experimental evidence showing that it interferes with our ability to focus, for instance, wrote psychologists Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons. And surfing the web exercised the brain more than reading did among computer-savvy older adults in a 2008 study involving 24 participants at the Semel Institute for Neuroscieuce and Human Behavior at the University of California, Los Angeles.“There may be costs associated with our increased reliance on the Intemet, but I'd have to imagine that overall the benefits are going to outweigh those costs,” observes psychology professor Benjamin Storm.“It seems pretty clear that memory is changing, but is it changing for the better? At this point, we don't know.”31. Sparrow's study shows that with the Internet, the human brain will_________.A. analyze information in detailB. collect information efficientlyC. switch its focus of memoryD. extend its memory duration32. The process of “cognitive offloading” _________.A. helps us identify false informationB. keeps our memory from failingC. enables us to classify trivial factsD. lessens our memory burdens33. Which of the following would Sparrow support about the Internet?A. It may reform our learning approachB. It may impact our society negativelyC. It may enhance our adaptability to technologyD. It may interfere with our conceptual thinking34. It is indicated in Para 3 that how the Internet affects our brains _________.A. requires further academic researchB. is most studies in older adultsC. is reflected in our reading speedD. depends on our web-surfing habits35. Neither Sparrow nor Storm would agree that _________.A. our reliance on the Internet will be costlyB. the Internet is weakening our memoryC. memory exercise is a must for our brainsD. our ability to focus declines with ageText 4Teenagers are paradoxical. That's a mild and detached way of saying something that parents often express with considerably stronger language. But the paradox is scientific as well as personal. In adolescence, helpless and dependent children who have relied on grown-ups for just about everything become independent people who can take care of themselves and help each other. At the same time, once cheerful and compliant children become rebellious teenage risk-takers.A new study published in the journal Child Development, by Eveline Crone of the University of Leiden and colleagues, suggests that the positive and negative sides of teenagers go hand in hand. The study is part of a new wave of thinking about adolescence. For a longtime, scientists and policy makers concentrated on the idea that teenagers were a problem that needed to be solved. The new work emphasizes that adolescence is a time of opportunity as well as risk.The researchers studied “prosocial” and rebellious traits in more than 200 children and young adults, ranging from 11 to 28 years old. The participants filled out questionnaires about how often they did things that were altruistic and positive, like sacrificing their own interests to help a friend, or rebellious and negative, like getting drunk or staying out late.Other studies have shown that rebellious behavior increases as you become a teenager and then fades away as you grow older. But the new study shows that, interestingly, the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior. Teenagers were more likely than younger children or adults to report that they did things like unselfishly help a friend.Most significantly, there was a positive correlation between prosociality and rebelliousness. The teenagers who were more rebellious were also more likely to help others. The good and bad sides of adolescence seem to develop together.Is there some common factor that underlies these apparently contradictory developments? One idea is that teenage behavior is related to what researchers call “reward sensitivity. Decision-making always involves balancing rewards and risks, benefits and costs. “Reward sensitivity” measures how much reward it takes to outweigh risk.Teenagers are particularly sensitive to social rewards-winning the game impressing a new friend, getting that boy to notice you Reward sensitivity, like prosocial behavior andrisk-taking, seems to go up in adolescence and then down again as we age. Somehow, when you hit 30, the chance that something exciting and new will happen at that party just doesn't seem to outweigh the effort of getting up off the couch.36. According to paragraph 1, children growing into adolescence tend to _________.A. develop opposite personality traitsB. see the world in an unreasonable wayC. have fond memories of their pastD. show affection for their parents37. It can be learned from paragraph 2 that Crone's study _________.A. explores teenagers' social responsibilitiesB. examines teenagers' emotional problemsC. provides a new insight into adolescenceD. highlights negative adolescent behavior38. What does Crone's study find about prosocial behavior?A. It results from the wish to cooperate.B. It is cultivated through education.C. It is subject to family influence.D. It tends to peak in adolescence.39. It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that teenagers _________.A. overstress their influence on othersB. care a lot about social recognitionC. become anxious about their futureD. endeavor to live a joyful life40. What is the text mainly about?A. Why teenagers are self-contradictory.B. Why teenagers are risk-sensitive.C. How teenagers develop prosociality.D. How teenagers become independent.Part BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Net-zero rules set to send cost of new homes and extensions soaring New building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes, as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones.The rules, which came into effect on Wednesday in England are part of governmentplans to reduce the UK's carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. They set new standards for ventilation, energy efficiency and heating, and state that new residential buildings must have charging points for electric vehicles.The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years, and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs are already driving up bills.Brian Berry, chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders, says the measures will require new materials, testing methods, products and systems to be installed, “All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high. Inevitably, consumers will have to pay more,” he says.Gareth Belsham, of surveyors Naismiths, says people who are upgrading, or extending their home, will be directing affected. “The biggest changes relate to heating and insulation,” he explains. “There are new rules concerning the amount of glazing used in extensions. and any new windows or doors must be highly insulated.”Windows and doors will have to adhere to higher standards while there are new limits on the amount of glazing you can have to reduce unwanted heat from the sun.Thomas Goodman, of My Job Quote, says this will bring in new restrictions for extensions. “Glazing on windows, doors and roof lights must cover no more than 25% of the floor area to prevent heat loss,” he says.As the rules come into effect last Wednesday, property developers were rushing to file plans just before the deadline. Any plans submitted before that date are considered to be under the previous rules, and can go ahead as long as work starts before 15 June next year.Builders which have costed projects, but have not filed the paperwork, may need to go back and submit fresh estimates, says Marcus Jefford of Build Aviator.Materials prices are already up 25% in the last two years. How much overall prices will increase as a result of the rule changes is not clear. “Whilst admirable in their intentions, they will add to the cost of house building at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of home ownership,” says Jonathan Rolande of the National Association of Property Buyers. “An average extension will probably see around £3.000 additional cost thanks to the new regs.”John Kelly, a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm, believes prices will eventually come down. But not in the immediate future. “As the marketplace adapts to the new requirements, and the technologies that support them, the scaling up of these technologies will eventually bring costs down, but in the short term, we will all have to pay the price of the necessary transition.” he says.However, the long-term effects of the changes will be more comfortable and energy-efficient homes, adds Andrew Mellor, of PRP architects. “Homeowners will probablyrecoup that cost over time in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment, but they will have that benefit over time.”A. The rise of home prices is a temporary matter.41. Brian Berry B. Builders possibly need to submit new estimates of their projects.42. Gareth Belsham C. There will be specific limits on home extensions to prevent heat loss.43. Marcus Jefford D. The new rules will take home prices to an even higher level.44. John Kelly E. Many people feel that home prices are already beyond what they canafford.45. Andrew Mellor F. The new rules will affect people whose home extensions include newwindows or doors.G. The rule changes will benefit homeowners eventually.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)In the late 18th century, William Wordsworth became famous for his poems about nature. And he was one of the founders of a movement called Romanticism, which celebrated the wonders of the natural world.Poetry is powerful. Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader, transport them to another world and make them see things differently. Through carefully selected words and phrases, poems can be dramatic, funny, beautiful, moving and inspiring.No one knows for sure when poetry began but it has been around for thousands of years, even before people could write. It was a way to tell stories and pass down history. It is closely related to song and even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud Poems really come to life when they are recited. This can also help with understanding them too, because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:An art exhibition and a robot show are to be held on Sunday, and your friend David asks you which one he should go to. Write him an email to1) make a suggestion, and2) give your reason(s).Write your answer in about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in your email; use “Li Ming” instead.Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your commentsYou should write at least 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET（15points）2023年研究生考试英语二真题答案完形填空1-5: BCADD 6-10: DABBC 11-15: CDCAA 16-20: BDBCA阅读理解21-25: ABBCD 26-30: DACBD 31-35: CDAAB 36-40: ACDBA 41-45: DFBAG翻译18 世纪晚期，威廉·华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗歌而闻名。
2023考研英语：完形填空题型的解题规律
2023考研英语：完形填空题型的解题规律2023考研英语：完形填空题型的解题规律一、重理解，轻辨析考研完形中对于词汇，也就是实词的考察占到了60%左右的比例。
很多考生就盲目地认为词汇量对于考研完形来说很重要，于是终日沉溺在背单词中不能自拔。
然而纵观历年考研完形，几乎不出现对于词汇识别才能的考察。
而且在考研完形中如同六级词汇题中的生僻难词，更是难得一见。
而在考研完形中登台亮相的反倒都是大局部考生耳熟能详的四级甚至是高中词汇。
终究考研完形意在何为?(1)利用词义理解的盲点设置障碍你认识assure，ensure，guarantee，可你能否准确区分它们的含义?你认识release，publication，exposure，可你能否明确解释它们的不同?你认识discover，disclose，detect，可你能否清楚说明它们的用法?考生对于考研完形中出现的相对简单词汇，却往往是一筹莫展，就在于词汇的复习缺乏针对性，在四、六级中对于词汇的考察就如同蜻蜓点水般只是一知半解，而考研就抓住了考生这一软肋，考察对于词汇的深化理解和建立在理解上的辨析与运用。
(2)利用词义的多样性设计误区available的含义到底是“有用的”还是“可得到的”?identifiable终究是“可识别的”还是“一样的”?subject到底是“主题”还是“易…遭受的”?考生应在复习中更明确单词的含义和其用法，借鉴字典上的例句不失为良策。
(3)利用短语搭配产生困惑在考研完形中，短语的考察方式有两种：一是选项直接为短语;二是选项仅为短语中的一局部，特别是一个词。
而从近两年考研完形的考察趋势上看，直接考察短语的难度和数量都在下降，不难说明一个现象，就是考研越来越重视对于词汇辨析和篇章理解的考察，而短语只是测试题中的陪衬而已。
不过起到关联作用的短语，如as if, even if, such as, at first等短语作为对考生理解篇章才能的考察仍然会继续相对频繁的出现。
2023考研英二精翻阅读完形天空
2023考研英二精翻阅读完形天空（原创实用版）目录1.2023 考研英二精翻阅读完形天空概述2.阅读完形天空的重要性3.如何提高阅读完形天空的能力4.考研英二阅读完形天空的技巧与策略5.结论正文【1.2023 考研英二精翻阅读完形天空概述】2023 年考研英语二精翻阅读完形天空，是针对考研英语二阅读理解部分所设计的一篇完形填空题。
通过此题，考生可以锻炼自己的阅读理解能力，提高对文章结构和逻辑的把握。
同时，这也是检验自己英语水平的重要手段。
【2.阅读完形天空的重要性】阅读完形天空在考研英语二中占据重要地位。
首先，它能够帮助考生提高阅读速度和理解能力。
通过练习阅读完形天空，考生可以培养快速捕捉关键信息的能力，提高对长篇文章的阅读效率。
其次，阅读完形天空有助于考生提升词汇量和语法水平。
在解题过程中，考生需要根据上下文推测生词的意思，并运用语法知识判断填空选项的正确性。
最后，阅读完形天空还能够锻炼考生的逻辑思维能力。
一篇完形填空题通常围绕一个主题展开，考生需要在理解文章大意的基础上，分析文章的结构和内在联系，从而选出正确答案。
【3.如何提高阅读完形天空的能力】要提高阅读完形天空的能力，考生需要从以下几个方面入手：(1) 积累词汇和语法知识。
阅读完形天空需要考生具备一定的词汇量和语法基础。
在平时的学习中，考生应注重词汇和语法的学习，不断提高自己的英语基本功。
(2) 多做练习。
阅读完形天空的能力需要通过大量的练习来提高。
考生可以借鉴历年真题，模拟实际考试环境，进行系统的练习。
(3) 分析解题技巧。
阅读完形天空有一定的解题技巧和方法。
考生在练习过程中，应不断总结和归纳这些技巧，形成自己的解题方法。
(4) 注重阅读速度与理解并重。
在阅读完形天空时，考生应注重速度与理解能力的平衡。
在提高阅读速度的同时，要确保对文章的理解准确无误。
【4.考研英二阅读完形天空的技巧与策略】在解答阅读完形天空时，考生可以运用以下技巧和策略：(1) 快速浏览全文，把握文章主题和结构。
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2023考研英语二完型填空
摘要：
1.2023 考研英语二完型填空概述
2.2023 考研英语二完型填空题型及技巧
3.2023 考研英语二完型填空备考策略
4.2023 考研英语二完型填空答案解析
正文：
一、2023 考研英语二完型填空概述
2023 年考研英语二完型填空部分依旧采用传统的题型，主要考察考生对英语词汇、语法和语义的理解和应用能力。
完型填空题共20 道，每题2 分，共计40 分。
文章一般为题材多样、难度适中的英语短文，考生需要在理解文章的基础上，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。
二、2023 考研英语二完型填空题型及技巧
1.题型
考研英语二完型填空题型主要包括：
- 词汇型：测试考生对词汇的理解，如词义辨析、固定搭配等。
- 语法型：测试考生对英语语法的掌握，如时态、语态等。
- 语义型：测试考生对语境的理解，如逻辑关系、情感色彩等。
2.技巧
- 抓住文章主旨：通读全文，了解文章大意，有助于更好地完成填空题。
- 注意上下文：根据上下文语境，推断空格处的词汇和表达方式。
- 积累词汇：平时多积累词汇，尤其是固定搭配和常用短语，有助于提高答题速度和准确率。
- 做题顺序：可以先易后难，先完成词汇型和语法型题目，再回头解决语义型题目。
三、2023 考研英语二完型填空备考策略
1.多做真题：通过练习历年真题，了解题型特点和出题规律，提高答题技巧。
2.提高阅读能力：加强英语阅读训练，提高阅读速度和理解能力，有助于更好地应对完型填空题。
3.积累词汇和短语：平时多积累词汇和短语，尤其是常用搭配和固定短语，有助于提高答题速度和准确率。
4.培养语境意识：注意上下文语境，提高对语境的敏感度，有助于更好地推断空格处的词汇和表达方式。
四、2023 考研英语二完型填空答案解析
由于本文是人工智能助手根据所提供文本生成的，无法提供具体的答案解析。